NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Site A und Plot M

Die Atommüll-Lagerstätten „Site A“ und „Plot M“ befinden sich innerhalb des Naturschutzgebiets Red Gate Woods nahe Chicago. Dort wurden die radioaktiven Überreste der Versuchsreaktoren Chicago Pile 1, 2 und 3 vergraben. Diese Reaktoren waren die ersten, mit denen eine menschengemachte nukleare Kettenreaktion versucht und erreicht worden war. Keiner der Reaktoren hatte jedoch den Zweck der Stromerzeugung. Alle drei dienten dem Ziel der Herstellung einer Atombombe. Die Versuchsreaktoren „Chicago Pile“ 1–3 Der Versuchsreaktor „Chicago Pile 2“ befand sich an „Site A“ und wurde aufgebaut aus den Bestandteilen von „Chicago Pile 1“. Dieser war aufgrund eines Streiks nicht am ursprünglich geplanten Ort „Site A“ errichtet worden, sondern geheim auf dem Campus der University of Chicago, inmitten von dicht bewohntem Gebiet. Es wurde damals intern argumentiert, der Reaktor ließe sich im Katastrophenfalle schnell genug abschalten, sodass von ihm keine Gefahr ausgehe. Aufgrund der starken Geheimhaltung wusste die Öffentlichkeit natürlich hiervon nichts. Dieser Reaktor, Chicago Pile 1, besaß noch keinerlei Abschirmung und wurde „nur“ mit einer Leistung von 0,5 bis 200 Watt betrieben; sein Neuaufbau als „Chicago Pile 2“ hatte dann eine Bleiabschirmung und erreichte mehrere Kilowatt. Chicago Pile 3 schließlich hatte ein Kühlsystem und wurde anfangs mit ca. 300 kW, später mehr, betrieben. Entsprechend viel radioaktiver Müll fiel an, dessen man sich entledigen musste. Der Müll wurde an „Site A“ und „Plot M“ vergraben. Heutzutage (2024) ist nicht genau bekannt, welche Mengen und welche Materialien dort liegen. Während die Eigentumsverhältnisse an dem Grundstück klar geregelt sind, ist unklar, wer rechtlich der Eigentümer des darunter liegenden Atommülls ist. Die rund um die Lagerstätten befindlichen Wasserquellen weisen erhöhte Werte an Tritium auf. „Site A“ „Site A“ war der Deckname für das zur Zeit des Zweiten Weltkriegs an diesem Ort gegründete Atomforschungszentrum Argonne National Laboratory, das Teil des Manhattan-Projektes war. Der Ort war im Frühling 1942 durch Arthur Compton während eines Ausritts zu Pferd für diesen Standort ausgewählt worden aufgrund seiner Abgelegenheit und dennoch ausreichender Nähe zu Chicago. Von 1943 bis 1954 liefen an dieser Stelle nukleare Forschungsarbeiten. Nach dem Wegzug des Labors wurde an seiner Stelle der Müll vergraben. Um für viele Jahre auf den hier vergrabenen Atommüll aufmerksam zu machen, wurde am Ort von „Site A“ ein Stein aus Granit mit folgender Inschrift aufgestellt: „Plot M“ „Plot M“ war das Codewort für den nahe „Site A“ befindlichen geplanten Vergrabungsort für die radioaktiven Überreste. Auch hier wurde ein Granitstein aufgestellt, er trägt die Warnung: Inzwischen sind einige Buchstaben – unklar ob durch Frost oder Vandalismus – beschädigt. Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Site A/Plot M

Site A/Plot M est un ensemble de deux sites situés dans les Red Gate Woods (en) (une partie des Réserves forestières de Palos (en)) sous contrôle du Forest Preserve District of Cook County (en) depuis 1956, dans le comté de Cook en Illinois, séparés d'environ 457 m : Site A de 8 ha, et Plot M de 46 m sur 43 m. Les deux sites sont loués en 1942 par le corps du génie de l'armée des États-Unis, lors du Manhattan District. Site A sert de cadre à des expériences en physique nucléaire menées par le Metallurgical Laboratory puis par le laboratoire national d'Argonne entre 1943 et 1954. Plot M est utilisé pour enterrer les déchets produits. Histoire Au cours d'un déplacement à cheval au printemps 1942 dans les Palos Area Preserves, Arthur Compton retient l'emplacement pour le Manhattan District par sa proximité avec Chicago et sa discrétion. En 1943, la Chicago Pile-2 (CP-2) est construite sur le Site A, partiellement à partir du démantèlement de la Chicago Pile-1 (CP-1), suivie de la Chicago Pile-3 (CP-3) la même année. En dehors de l'étude des réacteurs, des expériences visant à étudier la métabolisation de radionucléides, la séparation de produits de fission et l'extraction de tritium issu de l'irradiation de lithium sont menées sur le site jusqu'au déclassement des réacteurs le 15 mai 1954. Aux côtes des réacteurs, Site A accueillera environ 35 bâtiments dont une fonderie de plomb. Le site est officiellement fermé en 1956. Les déchets produits sur le Site A sont initialement placés directement dans des tranchées de 1,8 m de profondeur puis recouverts de terre à Plot M. À partir de 1948, ceux-ci sont placés dans des conteneurs en acier avant leur enfouissement. Cependant, en 1949, 285 grammes d'uranium sont égarés. Ils seront retrouvés mais l'ensemble des conteneurs d'acier sont extraits dans le cadre des recherches. Après cet événement les déchets produits à Site A sont envoyés à l'extérieur : la dernière tranchée de Plot M est comblée le 10 juin 1949. Après le déclassement des réacteurs, le combustible nucléaire et l'eau lourde utilisés sur place sont envoyés au laboratoire national d'Oak Ridge, l'ensemble des bâtiments est détruit et des déchets nucléaires de faible activité sont placés dans le bouclier biologique de CP-3. Le bouclier est ensuite détruit au moyen de charges explosives et les débris sont collectés dans une fosse de 12,2 m creusée sous l'emplacement du bouclier. L'ensemble est recouvert de béton et de terre et un marqueur est placé. De même à Plot M, les déchets déjà enterrés sont recouverts d'une couche de béton de 0,3 m et de 2,4 m de terre dans le but d'empêcher leur migration et un marqueur est posé. Notes et références Portail du nucléaire Portail de l’Illinois
Chalon Guard and Emma Blades Cloud House

The Chalon Guard and Emma Blades Cloud House is a historic house located at 300 S. Washington St. in McLeansboro, Illinois. The house was built circa 1892 for Chalon Guard Cloud, who ran the Cloud State Bank with his father Aaron, and his wife Emma Blades Cloud. The house's design features a distinctive blend of architectural styles; while primarily designed in the Queen Anne style, it also includes elements of the Shingle and Romanesque styles. The house is built of red brick with a limestone foundation; the brick masonry walls of the house are characteristic of Richardsonian Romanesque architecture and represent the only residential use of the style in McLeansboro. Two conical turrets mark the front corners of the house; two other turrets are located on the south side of the home. A large roof gable, which connects to the top of the smaller southern turret, is sided in slate-colored shingles typical of the Shingle Style. The house's front porch, which was added in the early 20th century, features turned columns and a spindlework railing. The house's multi-component roof features several cross gables and three brick chimneys. The house was owned by NBA player and coach Jerry Sloan from 1982 to 2005. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 18, 2009. References
Burnham 310

Burnham 310 is a skyscraper in Champaign, Illinois, United States. Construction was started in December 2006 and completed in September 2008 after months of planning, development and delayed construction. Originally, the city block at 310 East Springfield Avenue had been occupied by the area's first hospital. The establishment of the Burnham City Hospital was proposed in 1935, the same year as the Champaign City Building. Under the Public Works Administration program, which was established as part of the New Deal of 1933 during President Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term, both building proposals qualified for federal grant funding. In 1989, the Burnham City Hospital merged with Mercy Hospital to form Provena Covenant Medical Center and, in 1992, most services were consolidated which caused the Burnham to close. The structure then stood vacant for 14 years until it was razed in summer 2004. Building design The tower was designed by VOA Associates, and was intended to be the cornerstone of the "Burnham District" that would link Campustown near the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign campus with Downtown Champaign. Upon its completion in 2008, Burnham 310 became the tallest building in the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, surpassing the Tower at Third. However, the building has been surpassed in height by 309 Green in 2009, and by HERE Champaign in 2015. The first floor of the tower is occupied by sales office space for Greystar Communities and Apartments. Attached to the east side of the tower is a Niemanns grocery store (previously County Market). Neighborhood impact Because of the completion of Burnham 310, the Champaign Park District made improvements to Scott Park. New playground equipment and landscaping updates were completed during summer 2009. The Stone Arch Bridge was structurally improved. References Further reading Wurth, Julie (August 21, 2008). "Delays force Champaign high-rises to postpone move-ins". News Gazette. Retrieved January 16, 2014. Wurth, Julie (October 1, 2008). "Hie-rise residents happy to be settling into new apartments". News Gazette. Retrieved January 16, 2014. "Student Apartments Near UIUC". Burnham 310. Retrieved 2022-10-27. External links Burnham 310 Emporis Profile
Chicago Bulls College Prep

Chicago Bulls College Prep (CBCP) is a public four-year charter high school located on the Near West Side of Chicago, Illinois. It is a part of the Noble Network of Charter Schools. It is named after the Chicago Bulls basketball team, which endowed the school. Chicago Bulls College Prep is a level 1+ school, based on CPS rankings. The building was formerly known as McKinley High School, which had alumni like Walt Disney. The school opened in August 2009. Academics The school has an average graduation rate of 82%. In 2017, it was reported that all students in the senior class that year and since 2013 had been accepted to colleges and 50% of them dropped out. Athletics The school is a member of the Illinois High School Association (IHSA). Discipline and controversy As with other Noble Charter schools in Chicago, in 2012–13 Chicago Bulls College Prep expelled and suspended a larger proportion of students than public schools in Chicago. The school expelled 1.75% of its students in the year, compared to 0.05% of students in Chicago public schools, and suspended 38.5% of students compared to 9% of students in public schools. The school has been criticised for charging parents for their children's disciplinary offences. In 2016, a parent reported that the school had discouraged her son from applying to an historically black college. References External links
Gateway Regional Medical Center

Gateway Regional Medical Center is an American hospital in Granite City, Illinois. It contains 305 licensed beds, 100 of which are for treatment of acute mental illness in the behavioral health unit. The hospital and its predecessors have served the greater Madison County area for more than 100 years. History The hospital was founded about 1900 as a private facility. It was acquired around 1920 by a Catholic priest, the Rev. Peter Paul Kaenders, Pastor of St. Mark Catholic Church in Venice, Illinois, who wanted to convert the hospital to serve the Catholic community of the region, which included a large German immigrant population. Unsuccessful at first, Kaenders met Mother Aloysia Bansbach, the Provincial Superior of the Religious Sisters of the Congregation of Divine Providence—founded in Mainz, Germany—in the United States. In 1920, the Sisters paid $50,000 to purchase it, and they began to operate it in January 1921 under the name of St. Elizabeth Hospital. The Sisters of Divine Providence owned, operated and staffed the hospital until 2001, when it was sold and renamed Gateway Regional Medical Center. Current With a medical staff of more than 150 physicians, the hospital provides a wide range of health care services including inpatient, outpatient, medical, surgical and emergency care. Gateway Regional is home to the Bone & Joint Center, which provides joint replacement surgery and recovery. It is known for its behavioral health care, robotic-assisted surgery, as well as its cardiac care services. References
Gary Comer College Prep

Gary Comer College Prep is a Level 1 public grade nine through twelve charter high school located in Chicago, Illinois' Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood. It is a part of the Noble Network of Charter Schools. It is named after the Gary Comer, the founder of Lands' End and philanthropic entrepreneur. Gary Comer founded the Comer Youth Center in 2006, with Gary Comer College Prep opening its doors in 2008, serving grades nine through twelve. In 2011, the Gary Comer College Prep Middle School opened creating two campuses under one school, serving grades six through twelve. Prior to becoming the principal of GCCP, Ms. Kelly founded Gary Comer College Prep Middle School in 2011 and served as the principal there for four years. Before joining Noble, Ms. Kelly served as the Principal of KIPP Indianapolis College Prep, a 5-8 middle school located in the inner-city of Indianapolis, IN. Academic offerings and results According to Chicago Public Schools, in 2018, Gary Comer College Prep's 10th grade reading results on the PSAT 10 were in the 98th percentile and student growth across all grade-levels was above average. The school has an 85% 5-year high school graduation rate. Additionally, in 2017, a comprehensive report was released by Stanford University's Center for Education Outcomes (CREDO), which shows that students at the Noble Network of Charter Schools, of which Gary Comer College Prep is part, receive the equivalent of nearly two additional years of math education during just one normal school year. College readiness and college graduation rate In an effort to incorporate college readiness into the school before 12th grade, students participate in the Summer of a Lifetime program. Through Summer of a Lifetime, scholars are provided funding and support to participate in life-changing, summer academic enrichment programs college campuses nationwide. The Noble class of 2018 included 2,300 scholars, and 98% of them were accepted to at least one college, this accumulated to over 14,700 college acceptances. Noble seniors earned a record-breaking $486 million in scholarships, including 71 recipients of the Pritzker Access Scholarship for undocumented students. Gary Comer College Prep partners with the Gary Comer Youth Center's Comer to College initiative, a supplemental program that provides extensive resources for college access and success. Gary Comer College Prep partners with C.H.A.M.P.S. Male Mentoring Program, which offers a culturally sensitive approach to developing the mindsets of African American and Latino young men. References External links Noble Network of Charter Schools TheCharterSCALE: Gary Comer College Prep Noble Effort: College Prep + Community on Chicago’s South Side
Graham–Ginestra House

The Graham–Ginestra House is a historic residence in Rockford, Illinois, United States. History Freeman Graham Sr. was a prominent businessman in Connecticut who served in the Connecticut General Assembly. He came to Rockford, Illinois to manage Emerson, Talcott & Company, a farm implements manufacturer in the Water Power District. He had been apprenticed in the cotton and woolen trades in the East. Graham built the first sour mash distillery in Illinois. He also co-owned the Rockford Cotton Mills. He had a home constructed in 1857 so that it would be about halfway between the two businesses (at 202 South Main and 1602–08 South Main, respectively). This made him one of the first settlers on the southwest side of Rockford. He was elected Fifth Ward Alderman in Rockford. Graham died in 1896, and his business interests were split among his three sons. The house was instead bequeathed to his daughter, Julia, and her husband Henry S. Warner. Warner was the secretary-treasurer of the Graham Match Company. They lived in the house until 1927, when they sold it to Sicilian immigrant Leo Ginestra. Ginestra, a mechanic who owned a mobile home park, was part of the Italian community that formed in the city in the 1920s. The former Ginestra house was located in the middle of the community's commercial thoroughfare. Ginestra lived here until his death in 1978. For its role showcasing the cultural history of Rockford, the house was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places on June 11, 1979. Architecture The two-story rectangular house was built with Galena dolomite limestone. The house shows influence from the Italianate and Greek Revival styles. References
Haskell Playhouse

The Haskell Playhouse is a children's playhouse located in Haskell Park in Alton, Illinois. Dr. William Abraham Haskell, a physician and one of the wealthiest residents of Alton, commissioned the playhouse as a present for his daughter Lucy's fifth birthday in 1885. Architect Lucas Pfeiffenberger designed the playhouse in the Queen Anne style. The house's design features a raised front porch with a projecting entrance, diagonal stickwork on the porch and first floor, and fishscale shingles on the second-story gable ends. An ornamental iron fence with a small spire tops the house's hipped roof. Lucy Haskell died of diphtheria four years after her playhouse was built, and by 1916 her mother Florence (Hayner) Haskell was the only surviving Haskell still living in Alton. Florence demolished the family's home that year but kept the playhouse as a memorial to her daughter; she donated the land to the city to serve as a memorial park. The playhouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 30, 1974. References
Illinois Iron Furnace

The Illinois Iron Furnace is a historic iron furnace located in Shawnee National Forest near Rosiclare, Illinois. The stone and brick furnace was built sometime between 1837 and 1839 and was originally owned by businessmen Chalon Guard and Leonard White. The furnace was used to smelt locally mined iron ore; the resulting iron pigs were transported to Elizabethtown, Illinois, where they were shipped elsewhere along the Ohio River. The furnace ceased operations from 1861 to 1868 due to transport and labor shortages created by the Civil War; while local legend holds that the furnace provided iron to the Union navy yard at Mound City, this could have only been possible through stockpiled iron. The furnace closed permanently in 1883, marking the end of Illinois' iron industry. The furnace was heavily damaged by highway construction in the 1930s. The U.S. Forest Service's Golconda Job Corps Center rebuilt the furnace in 1967 in order to preserve the structure. The reconstruction effort also converted the surrounding area into a picnic site and established a visitor information center narrating the history of the furnace and Illinois' iron industry. The furnace was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is the only surviving iron furnace from the area's iron industry, which was the only completely native iron industry in the state. References External links Illinois Iron Furnace Historic Site
Kankakee County Courthouse

The Kankakee County Courthouse in Courthouse Square is a historic building in Kankakee, Illinois, United States that has been home to the government of Kankakee County since 1912. The current structure, the third county courthouse, took three years to build and is considered a fine example of Beaux-Arts architecture. History The area now known as Courthouse Square in Kankakee, Illinois was originally used by the Potawatomi as a council ground. European settlement began in 1832 with the Treaty of Camp Tippecanoe. In 1851, the Illinois Central Railroad decided to build a station in what is now Kankakee. The Associates Land Company, formed by supporters of the Illinois Central, purchased and platted the land around the station, calling it Kankakee Depot. When Kankakee County was formed in 1853, Kankakee Depot competed with Momence to be named county seat. The influence of the Associates Land Company, who offered to donate a large block of land and $5000 for a courthouse, swayed voters to select Kankakee Depot as seat. The first Kankakee County Courthouse was built shortly thereafter. The three-story building became a social center and trading place in addition to its capacities in county government. Stephen A. Douglas gave a speech in front of the courthouse during his 1858 Senate Campaign. On May 17, 1861, it was home to Kankakee County's only case of capital punishment when an African-American man was hanged from the second floor for the murder of a white girl. On October 5, 1872, the courthouse was destroyed in a fire. The limestone walls were cleaned and re-used in the second courthouse. The new courthouse was built to similar specification as the first. The main difference was the cupola, which was railed higher than the first. The courthouse opened in October 1873. By the 1900s, it was evident that the county courthouse was too small for the county's use. The county population had recently grown to 37,000, an increase of 8,000 over the previous decade. In November 1908, voters approved the construction of a new courthouse, the current structure. Zachary Taylor Davis was awarded the commission for the building. It was built by Lafayette, Indiana contractor W. F. Stilwell for $187,000. Construction began on October 2, 1909, and finished in July 1912. In the 1930s, a protest with 200 farmers gathered at the courthouse to demand changes in property tax laws so that they would be paid after the harvest. By 1950, the population of the county exceeded 73,500 thanks to an industrial boom in the late 1940s. The courthouse has remained in use since its 1912 opening. On March 7, 2007, the building was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places. A shooting took place at this courthouse on the morning of August 26, 2021, where an unknown shooter killed 2 and injured 1. According to Mayor Christopher Curtis, the suspect has been apprehended. References