NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
MIM-23 Хоук

MIM-23 Хоук е американски зенитно-ракетен комплекс, произвеждан от корпорацията Рейтион през Студената война. Заменен е в Американската армия от MIM-104 Пейтриът през 1994 г., но продължава да се използва в редица страни по света. Според Janes възможността за точно попадение с първи удар е 0,56 за стандартните модели и 0,85 за последните модели. Обсегът на стандартния модел е 25 км с таван 13,7 км. Подобни съветски системи са С-125 и 2К12 Куб. Оператори Европа: Белгия, Германия, Гърция, Дания, Испания, Италия, Нидерландия, Норвегия, Румъния, Франция, Швеция Азия: Бахрейн, Израел, Индонезия, Иран, Йордания, Кувейт, ОАЕ, Саудитска Арабия, Сингапур, Тайван, Турция, Южна Корея, Япония Африка: Египет Външни препратки (((en))) Causes of death among Belgian professional military radar operators: A 37-year retrospective cohort study
MIM-23 Hawk

El MIM-23 Hawk és un sistema de míssils terra-aire d'abast mitjà fabricat per Raytheon per a l'exèrcit dels Estats Units. Va ser dissenyat inicialment per destruir avions, i posteriorment es va adaptar per destruir també míssils en vol. Sistemes soviètics similars són: S-125 Neva/Pechora i 2K12 Kub . Història El treball en un nou sistema de míssils antiaeris va començar l'any 1952. Durant els primers dos anys es va estudiar la possibilitat de crear un sistema de defensa aèria amb un sistema de guia de radar semiactiu. En aquesta etapa el programa va rebre el seu nom, Hawk (Homing All the Way Killer – Interceptor controlat durant tot el vol). El Hawk va entrar en servei l'any 1960, i un extens programa d'actualització va evitar que quedés obsolet. Va ser suplantat pel MIM-104 Patriot a l'exèrcit dels Estats Units el 1994, deixant el servei el 2002, sent substituït pel extremadament portàtil FIM-92 Stinger . També es va produir a Europa, Japó i Iran. Encara que els Estats Units mai van emprar el Falcó en combat, va ser utilitzat moltes vegades per altres nacions. Es van produir aproximadament 40.000 míssils d'aquest tipus. Jane's Information Group va publicar informes que la probabilitat de mort per disparar el sistema original era de 0,56; El sistema I-Wawk va millorar aquesta taxa fins a 0,85. Els míssils del sistema Hawk utilitzaven un motor de doble empenta, és a dir, amb una fase d'empenta inicial i una segona fase de sosteniment. El MIM-23A va utilitzar el motor M22E8 que va cremar entre 25 i 32 segons. El MIM-23B i posteriorment va utilitzar el motor M112, amb una fase d'impuls de 5 segons i una fase de sosteniment d'uns 21 segons, ambdues més potents que les del seu predecessor. Referències Bibliografia Jane's Land-Based Air Defense 2005-2006, ISBN 0-7106-2697-5 Enllaços externs Pàgina del sistema Hawk a Raytheon Designation-Systems.net - Article Hawk http://www.madracki.com/usarmyhawk/ MIM-23 Hawk - Forces Armades Internacionals
HAWK

MIM-23 HAWK er et amerikansk luftværnsmissil anvendt af adskillige NATO-lande. HAWK er et backronym for Homing All the Way Killer. Israel (1969-), Iran (1980-88) og Frankrig (1987) har anvendt HAWK-missiler mod arabiske fly. USA har ikke anvendt HAWK i kamp. HAWK-missilerne har en rækkevidde på 50 km og en hastighed på mach 2,4 med optimal træfsikkerhed. Ukraine anvender HAWK i sit forsvar mod Ruslands invasion. Flyvevåbnet En dansk HAWK-eskadrille havde 6 mobile affyringsramper á 3 missiler. HAWK skulle forsvare København under den kolde krig mod lavtgående fly. De første danske HAWK-eskadriller blev leveret som våbenhjælp fra USA og opstillet i 1964/65. I 1975-78 opgraderedes missilerne til IHAWK (Improved HAWK) og i 2003 blev DEHAWK (Danish Enhanced HAWK) operativt. Systemet blev udfaset af Flyvevåbnet allerede i 2005. Der var indledningsvist opstillet batterier på Middelgrundsfortet, Flakfortet, Aflandshage (Amager), Højerup (Stevns) og Svælgsgård (Tune). I 1984 blev Middelgrundsfortet dog nedlagt som raketrampe og Esk 541 flyttede til Stevnsfortet. Da NIKE systemet blev nedlagt overgik de gamle NIKE Esk til at benytte HAWK og de fire eskadriller blev flyttet vestpå: Esk 531 og 532 overført til Højstrup (Odense), Esk 533 til Flyvestation Skrydstrup, Esk 534 til Flyvestation Karup. Fire eskadriller blev på Sjælland, nærmere betegnet Esk 541 (Stevnsfortet), 542 (Amager), 543 (Stevns Fyr) og 544 (Tune). I 2001 blev eskadrillerne 531 og 541 nedlagt, Esk 542 flyttede fra Amager til Skalstrup ved Roskilde og Esk 532 flyttede fra Odense til Karup. HAWK-missilerne var Flyvevåbnets Luftværnsgruppes (LVG) ansvar og i 2001 blev det slået sammen med Kontrol- og Varslingsgruppen (KVG) til Kontrol- og Luftforsvarsgruppen (KLG). I 2005 nedlagdes KLG og afløstes af Air Control Wing. Under EU-topmødet i København i 2006 udsendte sikkerhedsledelsen en alarm til samtlige politikøretøjer på Sjælland efter en transport med HAWK-missiler var observeret på Holbækmotorvejen. Transporten af raketbatteriet var dog godkendt af politiet selv. Ekstern henvisning Luftværnraketforsvaret i Danmark, 1959-1983 Arkiveret 10. marts 2007 hos Wayback Machine Hawk-batterierne på Stevns Dansk/English Arkiveret 8. maj 2009 hos Wayback Machine Informationsvideo om HAWK produceret af Forsvaret i 1993 Causes of death among Belgian professional military radar operators: A 37-year retrospective cohort study (engelsk) Gesundheitsschäden durch militärische Radaranlagen (tysk) Henvisninger
MIM–23 Hawk

A MIM–23 Hawk közép-hatótávolságú légvédelmi rakéta, melyet az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban terveztek és gyártottak. Igen elterjedt volt, gyártották Nyugat-Európában és Japánban is. Az eredetileg elektroncsöves technikára épülő, bonyolult és megbízhatatlan rendszert folyamatosan korszerűsítették, 1971-ben állt rendszerbe az Improved Hawk (I–HAWK) rakéta, ennek számos változata létezik. Az Egyesült Államokban a MIM–104 Patriot váltotta fel. További információk Causes of death among Belgian professional military radar operators: A 37-year retrospective cohort study (Englisch) Gesundheitsschäden durch militärische Radaranlagen (German) Jegyzetek
Raytheon MIM-23 Hawk

Il Raytheon MIM-23 HAWK è un missile terra-aria (SAM - Surface-to-Air Missile) di fabbricazione statunitense. Il termine "HAWK", è traducibile dall'inglese in Falco, ed è l'acronimo di Homing All the Way Killer. Si tratta di un missile SAM a medio raggio con guida radar semiattiva, entrato in servizio nel 1960 e da allora numerose volte aggiornato. È un'arma simile al sovietico SA-3 Goa ma con un apparato di guida più simile all'SA-6 Gainful. In servizio ha avuto molto successo, tanto che a metà anni ottanta ne erano stati costruiti circa 40.000 e la produzione avrebbe avuto luogo ancora per qualche anno almeno. Nonostante sia stato radiato dagli Stati Uniti nel 1997 per essere sostituito dallo SLAMRAAM (Surface-Launched AMRAAM), è ancora in uso in diverse parti del mondo. Paesi utilizzatori I seguenti Paesi si sono dotati nel corso degli anni di missili Hawk. Il sistema HAWK in Italia L'Esercito italiano lo ha utilizzato nei propri reparti di Artiglieria controaerei, dal 1964 fino al 2011. Nel 1973 vi era un Comando artiglieria controaerei dell'Esercito con il Quartier generale a Padova dal quale dipendevano il 4º Reggimento artiglieria missili controaerei con il Reparto comando di Mantova composto dal I Gruppo missili Hawk (Ravenna, Rimini), dal II Gruppo missili Hawk (Mantova, Cremona) e la 24ª Compagnia trasmissioni (Mantova) ed il 5º Reggimento artiglieria missili controaerei con il Reparto comando di Mestre composta dal I Gruppo missili Hawk (San Donà di Piave, Basiliano, Fontanafredda, Codroipo, Aquileia), dal II Gruppo missili Hawk (Rovigo, Ferrara, Mestre, Vicenza) e la 25ª Compagnia trasmissioni (Mestre). Le unità hanno preso parte anche all'Operazione Deny Flight, all'operazione DINAK (7 marzo 1999/21 giugno 1999) di supporto all'Operazione Allied Force, dove vi era uno schieramento antiaereo basato su 4 batterie Hawk dell'Esercito Italiano (Punta Contessa di Brindisi, Torre Veneri di Lecce, Torre Cintola di Monopoli (Italia) ed Aeroporto di Bari-Palese) che hanno contribuito ad assicurare la protezione degli aeroporti della Puglia. Ancora hanno partecipato, nel 2002, alla protezione del "Vertice NATO-Russia", alle operazioni della firma della Costituzione europea di Roma nel 2004, nel funerali di Papa Giovanni Paolo II e del successivo insediamento di Papa Benedetto XVI nella Città del Vaticano, nel 2005. Nel febbraio 2006, alla protezione dei XX Giochi olimpici invernali di Torino. Note Bibliografia Jane's Land-Based Air Defence 2005-2006, ISBN 0-7106-2697-5 Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Raytheon MIM-23 Hawk Collegamenti esterni Rivista militare, su issuu.com.
MIM-23 Hawk

MIM-23 Hawk (ang. Homing All the Way Killer) – amerykański przeciwlotniczy system rakietowy średniego zasięgu typu, ziemia-powietrze (SAM). Historia Do uzbrojenia Armii Stanów Zjednoczonych wszedł w 1956. Poza USA wśród użytkowników była też Arabia Saudyjska, Bahrajn, Belgia, Dania, Egipt, Francja, Grecja, Hiszpania, Holandia, Iran, Izrael, Japonia, Kuwejt, Korea Południowa, Niemcy, Norwegia, Singapur, Szwecja, Tajwan, Turcja, Włochy, ZEA, w 2005 Rumunia odkupiła od Holandii osiem zmodernizowanych baterii. MIM-23 był używany bojowo w czasie wojny Jom Kipur w 1973 i wojny iracko-irańskiej w latach 1980. Po masowych atakach rakietowych na ukraińskie miasta, 10 października 2022 roku, kilka krajów NATO natychmiast obiecało wysłać na Ukrainę dodatkowy sprzęt obrony powietrznej. Jednym z takich krajów była Hiszpania, która zaopatrzyła Siły Zbrojne Ukrainy w 4 wyrzutnie MIM-23 Hawk. W listopadzie Madryt wysłał kolejne dwie wyrzutnie na Ukrainę. Dane techniczne Długość: 5,08 m Waga: 584 kg Zasięg: 25 km Głowica bojowa: odłamkowo-burząca o masie 54 kg Prędkość: 800 m/s Przypisy Bibliografia Jerzy Bordziłowski (red.): Mała encyklopedia wojskowa (A–J). T. I. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej, 1967. Jane’s Land-Based Air Defence 2005-2006, ISBN 0-7106-2697-5 Linki zewnętrzne Causes of death among Belgian professional military radar operators: A 37-year retrospective cohort study (ang.)
MIM-23 Hawk

O MIM-23 Hawk é um sistema de míssil superfície-ar de médio alcance fabricado pela Raytheon para as Forças Armadas dos Estados Unidos. Ele foi inicialmente projetado para destruir aviões, e posteriormente adaptado para destruir outros mísseis em voo. O Hawk entrou em serviço em 1960, e um extenso programa de atualizações impediu que ele se tornasse obsoleto. Ele foi suplantado pelo MIM-104 Patriot no Exército dos Estados Unidos em 1994, saindo de serviço em 2002, sendo substituído pelo FIM-92 Stinger, extremamente portátil. Ele foi produzido também, na Europa, no Japão e no Irã. Apesar de os Estados Unidos nunca terem empregado o Hawk em combate, ele foi usado muitas vezes por outras nações. Aproximadamente 40 000 mísseis desse tipo foram produzidos. O Jane's Information Group publicou em relatórios que a probabilidade de morte por disparo do sistema original era de 0,56; já o sistema I-Wawk melhorou essa taxa para 0,85. Os mísseis do sistema Hawk usavam um motor de empuxo dual, ou seja, com uma fase inicial de impulsão e uma segunda fase de sustentação. O MIM-23A usava o motor M22E8 que queimava durante 25 a 32 segundos. Já o MIM-23B e posteriores, usavam o motor M112, com uma fase de impulsão de 5 segundos e uma fase de sustentação de cerca de 21 segundos ambas mais potentes que as de seu predecessor. Sistemas soviéticos similares são: S-125 Neva/Pechora e 2K12 Kub. Ver também Míssil superfície-ar S-125 Neva/Pechora Sistema Soviético de mísseis de baixa altitude 2K12 Kub Sistema Soviético avançado de mísseis de baixa altitude O Caso Irã-Contras, no qual os mísseis MIM-23 foram oferecidos ao Irã. Referências Fontes Jane's Land-Based Air Defence 2005-2006, ISBN 0-7106-2697-5 Ligações externas Página do Sistema Hawk na Raytheon Designation-Systems.net - Artigo sobre o Hawk «madracki.com» MIM-23 Hawk - Armed Forces International Hawks do 4/517 de Artilharia na Zona do Canal do Panamá FAS.org - artigo sobre o Sistema Hawk. Página Hawk em Russo. Uso do Sistema Hawk por Israel. Comunidade Hawk Alemã Causes of death among Belgian professional military radar operators: A 37-year retrospective cohort study (English) Gesundheitsschäden durch militärische Radaranlagen (German)
Balch Fieldhouse

Balch Fieldhouse is a 4,000-seat multi-purpose arena in Boulder, Colorado. At one point the seating capacity was 7,000. The arena opened in 1937. It was home to the University of Colorado Buffaloes basketball teams until the CU Events Center opened in 1979. The Fieldhouse includes an annex that is home to the University of Colorado's Track and Field and Cross Country and Sports Information Offices. The fieldhouse is where the track and cross country teams meet for practice during the winter. Track meets are also regularly held by Colorado during the indoor track season. USATF also holds meets on the weekends for athletes participating in club track and field. The past three years, in November it has played host to the Boulder Qualifier for FIRST Lego League, where about 40 teams compete for a chance to advance to the state tournament. References Buffzone.com (2016-01-17). "Balch Fieldhouse bowing out, ending a long run". The Denver Post. Retrieved 2020-03-30. "Facilities". University of Colorado Athletics. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
Bank Lofts

The Bank Lofts is a building in Denver, Colorado. Constructed in 1921, the building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. History Originally the US National/Guaranty Bank Building, the Bank Lofts (also known as the United States National Bank Building, US National Bank Building, Guaranty Bank Building) were designed by Arthur Addison Fisher and William Ellsworth Fisher (Fisher & Fisher) and built in 1921. The Fishers also designed other notable Denver landmarks, such as the Denver City Tramway Building at 1100 14th Street and the A. C. Foster Building at 912 16th Street. Located at 817 17th street, the Bank Lofts are a reserved architectural example of the Chicago Commercial style. The 10-story (40.23 meters high) building's façade is covered in smooth ashlar limestone and features an ornamental bronze storefront. In the 1980s, the building sat vacant and was almost demolished, but on March 25, 1994 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places under the Historic Resources of Downtown Denver Multiple Property Submission (building number: 5DV.5300), and was subsequently renovated in 1995. The renovation costs exceeded $10.9 million, and were financed via historic rehabilitation and low-income housing tax credits and a grant from the Colorado Historical Society, along with TIF assistance from DURA. The building was reconfigured into renter-occupied apartment lofts in 1996. Today, The Bank Lofts reside in Denver's historic district, located in the heart of downtown Denver next to LoDo and the 16th Street Mall. It is surrounded by other historic landmark buildings, such as the Boston Building (which has been converted to the Boston Lofts), the American National Bank Building, and the Denver National Bank Building. It currently houses 117 residential apartment lofts, which feature original artistic details and historic characteristics (i.e., crown molding, vaulted ceilings, etc....). The property is owned and managed by Apartment Investment and Management Company – also known as Aimco (stock ticker AIV). Tenants In addition to the apartment lofts, the building houses 11,293 square feet (1,049.2 m2) of retail space; currently occupied by Bruegger's Bagels, The Magnolia Ballroom, and Three Sisters’ Café and Catering. Gallery References External links Bank Loft Apartments
Barnes–Peery House

The Barnes–Peery House, known commonly as the Barnes Mansion, is one of the oldest private homes of Jefferson County, Colorado, USA. It was built in 1865 by David Marcus Barnes, the first flour miller in Jefferson County, who had just moved his flouring mill (a business still operating today as the Golden Mill) to Golden after establishing it on Bear Creek to the south the year before. The Barnes home was the first major brick house in Jefferson County, and is designed in Italianate style, featuring rows of stone arched windows. A rear carriage house was built in 1871. While living here Barnes founded Loveland, Colorado, in 1873. After surviving a fire that destroyed its roof in 1875, the home went on to house other owners of the flour mill, including the Peery family who operated the business for much of the 20th century. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Colorado References External links "Golden Landmarks Association".
Barnum, Denver

Barnum is a neighborhood of Denver, Colorado. The neighborhood is located in the area known as West Denver. According to the Piton Foundation, in 2007, the population of the neighborhood was 6,456, and there were 1,924 housing units. History In 1865, Daniel Witter bought 160 acres southwest of Denver, the first in a series of land deals in the development and promotion of Villa Park. Envisioned as a vast development with unique features such as curving streets, Witter's dream of a home for Denver's wealthy was never realized. The Denver Villa Park Association raised money for development, but lawsuits followed and the association was soon bankrupt. Lands were placed with a trustee, and on March 11, 1878, offered for sale. Less than two weeks later, on March 21, 1878, the American circus mogul P.T. Barnum of the Barnum and Bailey Circus bought 760 acres (308 ha) for just $11,000, and a few years later, the Barnum subdivision was platted. Barnum's involvement with his namesake's development has become part of Denver folklore, especially in the durable legend of the showman's plan to establish a winter home for his circus in the city. In fact, Barnum never wintered his animals anywhere other than Connecticut or Florida, and the entertainment entrepreneur made just four documented trips to Colorado. Barnum sold as much of Barnum as possible before disposing of the remainder to his daughter, Helen Buchtel, for the price of one dollar. Ironically, much of Barnum's initial development was a result of efforts by Helen, and her second husband, William Buchtel, who also served as mayor of an independent, incorporated Town of Barnum established in 1887. The Barnum, Colorado, post office operated from February 5, 1892, until June 30, 1901. The Town of Barnum was annexed by the City of Denver on September 3, 1893, and became a part of the City and County of Denver on November 15, 1902. Demographics As of the year 2000, the racial makeup of Barnum is 20.73% White non-Hispanic, 0.61% African American, 0.83% Native American, 0.64% Asian, and 75.78% Hispanic or Latino. Boundaries The neighborhood's northern boundary is the Sixth Avenue Freeway, its eastern boundary is Federal Boulevard, its southern Boundary is Alameda Avenue, and its western boundary is Perry Street. See also Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area Front Range Urban Corridor List of neighborhoods in Denver List of populated places in Colorado List of post offices in Colorado Villa Park, Denver References External links State of Colorado History Colorado
Beaver Meadows Visitor Center

Beaver Meadows Visitor Center, also known as Rocky Mountain National Park Administration Building, is the park headquarters and principal visitors center of Rocky Mountain National Park in central northern Colorado. Completed in 1967, it was designed by Taliesin Associated Architects, and was one of the most significant commissions for that firm in the years immediately following the death of founder Frank Lloyd Wright. It was also one of the last major projects completed under the Park Service Mission 66 project. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2001. Description and history The Beaver Meadows Visitor Center is located on the south side of United States Route 36 near the principal eastern entrance to Rocky Mountain National Park. As seen from visitor (north) side, the building presents as a single-story structure, but is actually two stories owing to the sloping terrain on which it is built. It is a rectangular structure, built with a steel frame and cast concrete panels, into which slabs of sandstone have been embedded. The upper level framing has Cor-Ten steel set in a zigzag pattern inspired by Native American artworks. The building's eastern end is devoted to visitor facilities, including a lobby, amphitheater, and shop, with an inside observation area and outside balcony providing views of the Rocky Mountains. The western end houses park offices in a modular design with movable partitions. Rocky Mountain National Park was founded in 1915. As part of the Park Service's Mission 66 program to revitalize the nation's park system, the Park Service hired the firm of Taliesin Associated Architects in 1964 to design a new visitors center for the park. Construction began in 1965 and was completed in 1967. The building has been relatively little altered since then: the shop occupies a former lobby area that included benches and a fireplace, and changes in equipment for the theater necessitated the closure of a balcony entrance. A Snogo Snow Plow is on display at the center. Map See also Rocky Mountain National Park Utility Area Historic District National Register of Historic Places listings in Larimer County, Colorado List of National Historic Landmarks in Colorado References Further reading Allaback, Sarah (2000). "Chapter 5: Administration Building (Headquarters; Beaver Meadows Visitor Center)". Mission 66 Visitor Centers: The History of a Building Type. National Park Service. ISBN 978-0-16-050446-4. External links Rocky Mountain National Park Official Site Beaver Meadows Visitor Center Information Beaver Meadows Visitor Center, described in Fodors guidebook
Beaver Meadows Visitor Center

Le Beaver Meadows Visitor Center – ou Rocky Mountain National Park Administration Building – est un office de tourisme américain situé dans le parc national de Rocky Mountain, au Colorado. Cette réalisation de la Mission 66 est une propriété contributrice au district historique de Rocky Mountain National Park Utility Area depuis le 18 mars 1982. Elle est surtout inscrite au Registre national des lieux historiques et classée National Historic Landmark depuis le 3 janvier 2001. Près de l'entrée se trouve une plaque Mather. Liens externes Ressources relatives à l'architecture : History Colorado Registre national des lieux historiques (en) Beaver Meadows Visitor Center sur Natural Atlas (en) Site officiel Portail du Registre national des lieux historiques Portail du tourisme Portail du Colorado
Bemis Hall (Colorado Springs, Colorado)

Bemis Hall, a Tudor Revival-style building of Colorado College, in Colorado Springs, Colorado, was built as a dormitory in 1908. It was designed by architect Maurice B. Biscoe. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. Major donations towards funding the building were provided by General William Jackson Palmer, founder of Colorado Springs and Colorado College, and by Judson M. Bemis, a manufacturer who moved to Colorado Springs in 1881. References
Denver Pavilions

Denver Pavilions is a shopping mall located on the 16th Street Mall in Downtown Denver, Colorado. Originally opened in 1998, the mall has over 40 stores and restaurants. An open-air mall, the Pavilions takes advantage of Denver's many sunny days. In addition to retail stores, the mall hosts several chain restaurants, including Maggianos, Corner Bakery, Coyote Ugly Saloon, Lucky Strike Lanes, Hard Rock Cafe, and others. The mall also houses a popular, 15-screen movie theater, and there is a large, underground parking garage. References External links Media related to Denver Pavilions at Wikimedia Commons Official website