NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Bentley Mall

Bentley Mall is an enclosed community shopping mall located in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It is notable as the northernmost mall in both the United States and North America. It is 2 degrees further north latitude-wise than Centre Square Mall, Canada's northernmost mall located in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, and also north of Nuuk Center in Greenland. Background The mall's location was the site of the Bentley Dairy from about 1922 through the 1940s, the centerpiece of the family's land holdings which stretched at one point from the Chena River to the foothills north of Fairbanks along the present-day Farmers Loop Road. Bobby Miller (born 1916), in partnership with a member of the Bentley family, established the Miller-Bentley Equipment Company in 1953, the same year the Steese Highway was rerouted around the property in conjunction with the opening of the Wendell Street Bridge. A junkyard operated on the site for over two decades. In 1969, Miller, along with his nephew Cliff Burglin, established the Bentley Family Charitable Trust, as there were no surviving members of the Bentley family and their land had not been disposed of to that point. The trust, which existed into the 21st century, took income from the family properties and distributed it to charities, particularly libraries, stretching from Fairbanks to northern California. The Miller-Bentley Equipment Company left the site in 1974. Construction of the mall began in 1976, and it opened in April 1977 with Safeway and Pay 'n Save as its anchor tenants. In an unusual move for the lower 48 but not for the city of Fairbanks, Pay 'n Save did not immediately close down its existing Fairbanks store, located two blocks away in the Gavora Mall, when the Bentley Mall opened. Both stores operated for a number of years. The mall was sold to a California partnership for $12.1 million in 1982. Sitting on a 15-acre (61,000 m2) site, the mall is approximately 170,000 square feet (16,000 m2) in size. The mall's anchors are Safeway (38,000 square feet) and Michaels (28,000 square feet, opened in 1999 in the former location of a Pay Less Drug Store). The smaller shops cover an additional 49,000 square feet (4,600 m2). Due in part to its diminutive size as compared to malls elsewhere in the United States, as well as its setup as a single corridor with Safeway and Michael's at the ends, locals sometimes refer to the mall humorously as "Bentley Small" and "Bentley Hall." References
Bergmann Hotel

The Bergmann Hotel is a historic hotel located at 434 3rd Street in Juneau, Alaska. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Marie Bergmann and Early History of the Hotel The hotel was constructed by Marie E. Bergmann to cater to local miners. According to a biography of the property and Ms. Bergmann maintained by the National Register of Historic Places, Ms. Bergmann settled in the Juneau area in 1896, after the death of her husband in Seattle. A pioneer in pre-statehood Alaska, Bergmann was an established name in the Juneau hotel business of the period. Marie Bergmann began her professional life in Juneau by working in the hotel industry as well as nursing. Ms. Bergmann originally envisioned a larger, more opulent hotel—but without additional investors and financing she was forced to scale back her plans. The grand opening of the hotel occurred on December 16, 1913. Marie Bergmann died in 1918 of a reported brain hemorrhage. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Modern role Although listed as a hotel, the building served primarily as miners housing, with most occupants renting rooms by the week or month. Rooms in the Bergmann did not contain kitchens, although all contained sinks. Restroom, shower and laundry facilities were shared. There are three toilets and three shower facilities per floor. Laundry and microwave facilities are on each floor. The hotel has been owned since 2001 by Camilla Barrett and James M. Barrett esq.(until 2017 for health reasons). See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Juneau, Alaska References External links Media related to Bergmann Hotel at Wikimedia Commons
Big Dipper Ice Arena

The Big Dipper Ice Arena, colloquially known as "The Big Dipper", is a multi-purpose arena in Fairbanks, Alaska. The arena is owned and operated by the Fairbanks North Star Borough. Originally constructed as an airplane hangar for the Lend-Lease program in Tanacross, southeast of Fairbanks, the building was dismantled, transported to Fairbanks and reassembled in 1968. It has undergone two major renovations since then. The building is home to the Fairbanks Ice Dogs ice hockey team. The borough's parks and recreation department is headquartered in the building. History Prior to 1968, the building now known as the Big Dipper was an aircraft hangar located in Tanacross, Alaska. Constructed during World War II, the building saw little use after the war. In 1968, Hez Ray, a teacher and coach at Lathrop High School, organized a crew of high school students and volunteers and undertook a project to move the derelict hangar to Fairbanks and repurpose it as an ice skating arena. Coach Ray's initial group of boys were “First Boots on the Ground” in the beginning of the enormous project. The incredible story of this adventure is in Coach Ray's book “The Big Dipper, A Dream is Born”. (Copyright Hez Ray, 2014) (ISBN 978-0-692-22659-9) The group purchased the hangar for a dollar and, using equipment donated by Fairbanks construction companies, dismantled the building and moved it to Fairbanks. The volunteers then reconstructed the building in its present location from the dismantled parts of the hangar. After rebuilding the hangar, the volunteers built an ice rink and bleachers inside, but due to a lack of resources the building itself was reconstructed essentially as it had been in Tanacross. Heated restrooms and locker rooms with showers were added in 1972–1973. The building itself remained unheated until its 1980s renovation, with large portable space heaters normally associated with airplane hangars used on occasion in the winter, in an attempt to provide some heat to the facility during events. The Alaska Gold Kings, a hockey team which began in 1975 as a league team sponsored by the Teamsters Union Local 959, played at the Dipper for their two seasons as a minor-pro team in the West Coast Hockey League before moving to Colorado Springs, Colorado. The World Eskimo Indian Olympics was held in the building for most of its existence. When the Dipper was unavailable due to renovations, WEIO decided to hold their 2007 event at the Sullivan Arena in Anchorage, the first time it was held outside of Fairbanks. As an enticement to remain in Fairbanks, WEIO was offered the Carlson Center in place of the Dipper for future events, where it has been held since. References Media related to Big Dipper Ice Arena at Wikimedia Commons
Большая Медведица (ледовая арена)

Ледовая арена «Большая Медведица» (англ. Big Dipper Ice Arena), также известная как «Большая Медведица» — многофункциональная арена, расположенная в городе Фэрбанкс, Аляска, США. Арена принадлежит и управляется боро Фэрбанкс-Норт-Стар. Первоначально построенное как самолётный ангар в Танакроссе, здание было разобрано, перевезено в Фэрбанкс и вновь возведено в 1968 году и с тех пор дважды реконструировалось. Арена является домашней площадкой для хоккейной команды Фэрбанкс Айс Догс. Здесь также располагается штаб-квартира Департамента парков и зон отдыха местного боро Фэрбанкс-Норт-Стар. История До 1968 года сооружение, теперь известное как Ледовая арена «Большая Медведица», представляло собой ангар для самолётов, расположенный в Танакроссе, Аляска. Построенное во время Второй Мировой Войны, после неё здание приносило мало пользы. В 1968 году, Хез Рэй, преподаватель и тренер Высшей школы имени Латропа, собрала группу добровольцев и организовала проект, для переноса заброшенного ангара в Фэрбанкс и перепрофилирования его в качестве ледовой арены. Они выкупили ангар за один доллар и, используя оборудование, предоставленное местными строительными компаниями, разобрали сооружение и перенесли его в Фэрбанкс. После его возведения в Фэрбанксе, волонтёры залили ледовый каток и возвели трибуны. Обогрев комнат отдыха и раздевалок с душевыми были добавлены в 1972—1973 годах. Само здание оставалось неотапливаемым до реконструкции в 1980-х годах, когда были установлены большие портативные обогреватели, обычно применяемые в самолётных ангарах. Образованная в 1975 году хоккейная команда «Аляска Голд Кингс» играла здесь свои матчи на протяжении двух десятилетий, прежде чем переехала в Колорадо-Спрингс, штат Колорадо. Большую часть своего существования здесь проходили Всемирные эскимосско-индейские игры. Примечания
Birch Hill Cemetery

Birch Hill Cemetery is a cemetery in Fairbanks, Alaska. It was laid out on a hillside overlooking the city in 1938 as a secondary option to the Clay Street Cemetery. The cemetery is divided into different sections, including some set aside for Alaska Natives and Catholics, as well as fraternal organizations like the Eagles and Masons. For many years, the municipally run cemetery was known for its collection of folk monuments and natural landscape, both in some ways expressions of Alaskan notions of individualism and freedom from the regulations common in cemeteries elsewhere in the United States. Among those buried there are Klondike miner Elam Harnish, whose story inspired Jack London in the novel Burning Daylight and Territorial Governor Michael Stepovich. There are stories of ghosts being sighted, the most prominent being the White Lady. The cemetery was profiled on the PBS documentary A Cemetery Special. References External links Official website Birch Hill Cemetery at Find a Grave GNIS data 64°51′37″N 147°40′17″W
Potter Marsh

Potter Marsh is a wetland and wildlife viewing area, located south of Anchorage, Alaska, US, at the southern end of the Anchorage Coastal Wildlife Refuge. Situated in between the Seward Highway and the base of the Chugach Mountains, the marsh covers an approximate 564 acres and extends nearly two miles in length. It is considered one of the most accessible bird-watching and nature sites near the city, lying approximately fifteen minutes by road from downtown Anchorage. History The marsh was shaped in 1917 after construction of the Alaska Railroad embankment, which altered local drainage and created conditions for a wetland environment. Today, Potter Marsh forms the most developed section of the Anchorage Coastal Wildlife Refuge, which stretches for about sixteen miles along the Anchorage shoreline. Boardwalk A 1,550-foot (0.5 mi) wooden boardwalk allows visitors to walk through the habitat and observe wildlife without disturbing the biome. The trail surface is a mix of wood and gravel, generally wide enough for accessibility, and features benches, binoculars, interpretive signage, and van-accessible parking spaces. Dogs are not permitted on the boardwalk, and fishing or feeding wildlife within the marsh is prohibited in order to protect the area's ecological integrity. Birds Potter Marsh is noted for its avian diversity. More than 130 species of migratory and nesting birds have been recorded, making it a popular destination for birders. Between late April and September, Canada geese, northern pintails, canvasback ducks, red-necked phalaropes, horned and red-necked grebes, and northern harriers are commonly observed. During migration seasons, gulls, Arctic terns, yellowlegs, and occasionally trumpeter swans can also be seen and heard. Bald eagles are known to nest in cottonwood trees near the bluffs, while waterfowl nest in sedges and grasses across the marsh. Other wildlife Moose are commonly seen throughout the year, especially in late spring and early summer, and muskrats are often observed swimming through the open water channels. Rabbit Creek flows through the marsh and passes under the boardwalk, providing spawning habitat for salmon—particularly Chinook, coho, and pink—between May and August, depending on species. The presence of salmon further sustains the food web, drawing both birds and mammals. Scenic value Visitors to the site are afforded expansive views of Turnagain Arm and the Chugach Mountains, making Potter Marsh a scenic as well as an ecological attraction. Its combination of accessibility, wildlife, and interpretive facilities has made it one of the best-known natural areas near Anchorage and a key feature of the Anchorage Coastal Wildlife Refuge. References
Blue Lake (Alaska)

Blue Lake (Tlingit: Gajook Héen Yik.áayi) is a 3 miles (4.8 km) long reservoir located 6 miles (9.7 km) east of the town of Sitka, on the west side of Baranof Island, in the Alexander Archipelago of Southeast Alaska. Name and geology The local descriptive name was reported in 1910 by Knopf (1912, fig 4), in United States Geological Survey. Blue Lake, as its name suggests, possesses a deep blue hue to its water. Blue Lake's water sources are partially from snowpack and small glaciers from the glacially carved, U-shaped, Blue Lake valley in which it lies. Dam Blue lake was first dammed in 1913 by Sitka Wharf and Power Company. It sold its operation to the city in 1942. Floods damaged the infrastructure in 1943 and 1947. Blue Lake was dammed again in 1958, greatly expanding the lake's size from 490 acres (2.0 km2) to 1,225 acres (5 km2) and increasing its height from 208 ft (63 m) to 342 ft (104 m). The dam is under construction as of 2024. It is being extended another 90 ft (27 m) feet higher. Dam fluctuations allow the lake elevation to vary up to 60 ft (18 m). The Blue Lake dam, along with the Green Lake Dam, combine to make Sitka's mainstream power sources exclusively hydroelectric. Blue Lake Road is used to reach the lake from Sawmill Cove, allowing residents to use kayaks and canoes to more easily access peaks further up the Blue Lake valley, like Clarence Kramer Peak. Blue Lake Campground lies along this road. The road itself is very dangerous, often winding above cliff ledges. There are also many avalanche chutes located along the road which can pose a hazard or block it completely in winter. Water rights Currently, at the Sawmill Cove Industrial Park, there is a small water bottling operation utilizing the water that originates from the watershed. Two other companies retain rights to export of the water in the future. In 2010 a Texas company S2C Global Systems announced that it was moving forward with a plan to ship 2.9 to 9 billion US gallons (11,000,000 to 34,000,000 m3) of fresh lake water a year from Blue Lake to the west coast of India. The deal would represent the world's first regular, bulk exports of water via tanker. The water would be redistributed to places in India, southeast Asia and the Middle East. The town of Sitka could earn up to $90 million a year in revenue. Between 2009 and 2021, the city of Sitka made about $1.4 million selling water rights. However, none of the efforts to export water from Blue Lake have been very successful. Alaska permits allow Sitka to export approximately 9.5 billion gallons of raw water annually. Currently, Sitka has only one active water purchase agreement for around 1 percent of that total allotment. This agreement has allowed Eckert Fine Beverages to export a few thousand gallons of Blue Lake water to a California subsidiary, Reigncane Vodka. References
Blue Lake (Alaska)

Blue Lake est un lac de barrage de 4,8 km de long situé à 133 m d’altitude, à 10 km de la ville de Sitka sur l'île Baranof. Son nom lui a été attribué en 1910. Un premier barrage a été construit en 1913 par Sitka Wharf and Power Company. Des intempéries ont endommagé l'ouvrage en 1943 et en 1947, et un nouveau barrage a été construit en 1958, qui a plus que doublé la superficie du lac qui est passée de 2 à 5 km2. Notes et références Liens externes Ressource relative à la géographie : Geographic Names Information System Portail des lacs et cours d'eau Portail de l’Alaska
Beaver Lake (Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska)

Der Beaver Lake (beaver englisch für Biber) ist ein Bergsee in der Southeast Fairbanks Census Area im äußersten Osten des US-Bundesstaates Alaska. Der lokale Seename wurde 1915 von dem Geologen Alfred Hulse Brooks vom U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gemeldet. Lage Der Beaver Lake befindet sich an der Südflanke der Nutzotin Mountains auf einer Höhe von 1354 m. Der Beaver Lake liegt im Schutzgebiet Wrangell-St. Elias Wilderness. Der 1,37 km² große See bildet den Ursprung des Beaver Creek. Dieser verlässt den See an dessen Ostufer. Der Beaver Lake befindet sich 42 km westlich der kanadischen Staatsgrenze. Der stark gegliederte See besitzt eine Längsausdehnung in WSW-ONO-Richtung von 3,1 km sowie eine maximale Breite von etwa 800 m. Einzelnachweise
Blackfish Lake (Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska)

Der Blackfish Lake (englisch für „Schwarzfisch-See“) ist ein 1,2 km² großer See in der Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area im Nordosten des US-Bundesstaates Alaska. Der Seename stellt die Übersetzung eines Wortes aus der Sprache der Gwichʼin dar und wurde 1956 von T. E. Taylor vom U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) übernommen. Lage Der 636 m hoch gelegene Blackfish Lake befindet sich 12,5 km nordöstlich von Arctic Village am Fuße des 1246 m hohen Swan Mountain, der zu den südlichsten Ausläufern der Brookskette gehört. Der See besitzt einen Abfluss zum 5 km weiter westlich verlaufenden East Fork Chandalar River. Der Blackfish Lake besitzt eine Längsausdehnung in NNW-SSO-Richtung von 2,58 km sowie eine maximale Breite von 0,62 km. Das Einzugsgebiet beträgt ungefähr 14,5 km². Der im Schutzgebiet Arctic National Wildlife Refuge gelegene Blackfish Lake ist einer der größeren Seen in der Umgebung. Der Blackfish Lake wird als Landeplatz für Wasserflugzeuge genutzt. Einzelnachweise Weblinks Blackfish Lake. In: Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior; abgerufen im 1. Januar 1 (englisch).
Lake Schrader

Lake Schrader ist ein See glazialen Ursprungs am Fuße der Franklin Mountains, ein Gebirgszug der Brookskette im Nordosten von Alaska. Der See liegt innerhalb des Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Lage Der 13 km² große See liegt auf einer Höhe von 852 m auf der Nordseite der Brookskette. Er besitzt eine Längsausdehnung in WSW-ONO-Richtung von 7,7 km sowie eine maximale Breite von 1,8 km. Der See besitzt zwei größere Zuflüsse. Der Kekiktuk River entwässert den südlich benachbarten See Lake Peters zum Lake Schrader. Der Whistler Creek mündet wenige Meter weiter westlich in das südwestliche Seeufer. Am nordöstlichen Seeufer verlässt der Kekiktuk River den See und fließt dem Sadlerochit River zu. Lake Schrader und Lake Peters werden gemeinsam als „Neruokpuk Lakes“ bezeichnet. Namensgebung Der See erhielt seinen Namen von Ernest de Koven Leffingwell. Namensgeber war Frank Charles Schrader (1860–1944), ein Geologe des U.S. Geological Survey, der W. J. Peters im Jahr 1901 bei einer Erkundungsmission im nördlichen Alaska begleitete. Einzelnachweise
Toolik Lake

Der Toolik Lake ist ein 1,45 km² großer See in der North Slope im Norden von Alaska. Lage Der Toolik Lake ist Teil einer Seengruppe am südlichen Rand der Küstenebene etwa 17 km nördlich der Brookskette. Nördlich vom See erheben sich noch einzelne Vorberge der Brookskette. Der Toolik Lake hat einen Abfluss am Nordufer, der dem Kuparuk River zufließt. Vom Dalton Highway führt eine 1,3 km lange Stichstraße zum See. Beim Rückzug der Gletscher am Ende der letzten Kaltzeit entstand eine Senke, die sich mit Wasser füllte, der heutige Toolik Lake. Namensgebung Der Seename "toolik" stammt aus der Sprache der Eskimo und bezeichnet den Eistaucher und den Gelbschnabeltaucher. Seefauna Im Toolik Lake kommen Arktische Äsche, Amerikanischer Seesaibling, Prosopium cylindraceum (round whitefish), Quappe und Cottus cognatus (slimy sculpin) vor. Toolik Field Station Am östlichen Seeufer befindet sich die „Toolik Field Station“, eine von nur drei Forschungsstationen in der Arktis. Einzelnachweise Weblinks Toolik Lake. In: Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior; abgerufen im 1. Januar 1 (englisch). Toolik Field Station. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, abgerufen am 6. Dezember 2024 (englisch).
Far North Bicentennial Park

The Far North Bicentennial Park is the largest park in Anchorage, in U.S. state of Alaska, and has over 1 million annual visitors. The park contains the Hilltop Ski Area, the Alaska Botanical Garden, over 100 miles of multi-use trails, and access to Chugach State Park. In 2018 a rodeo cow escaped into the park. The cow has not been recovered but has been spotted by park visitors. Notes
Bendel Island (Alaska)

Bendel Island (Also known as: Morse Island) is an island located in the Aleutians East Borough, Gulf of Alaska, Southwest of mainland Alaska, United States. The island is part of an island group named the Shumagin Islands, which consist of 20 islands, and lies between the islands of Big Koniuji and Nagai. History The island was named by W. H. Dall of the United States Coast Survey for Bernhard Bendel, an Alaskan trader, in either 1871 or 1872. It first appeared on the USCGS charts in 1888. It was also mentioned in a US Bureau of Fisheries report that same year. The island was marked as Morse Island on an USCGS chart in 1891. Geography Bendel Island is 3 miles (4.8 km) in length and has an elevation of 194 feet (59 m). It lies at these coordinates: 55°04′30″N 159°47′30″W. The nearest city to Bendel Island is Sand Point, located on Popof Island some 33 miles (53 km) Northwest of Bendel Island. The island is part of the Northeast Aleutian Range. Climate See also List of islands of Alaska References
Hotspur Island

Hotspur Island is een eiland in de Alexanderarchipel in de Alaska Panhandle in het zuidoosten van Alaska in de Verenigde Staten. Het eiland is onderdeel van de eilandengroep van de Gravina Islands. Geografie Het eiland ligt ten zuiden van Annette Island, ten noordwesten van Duke Island en ten noordoosten van de Percy Islands. Het eiland ligt in de Felice Strait in de overgang naar de Clarence Strait in het westen. Geschiedenis Het eiland kreeg zijn naam van lokale piloten en de naam werd in 1883 gepubliceerd in de United States Coast Pilot.
Isole Inian

Le Isole Inian sono un gruppo di piccole isole situate nel nord dell'Oceano Pacifico, all'imboccatura dello Stretto Icy. Amministrativamente fanno parte dell'Alaska (Stati Uniti). Insieme alle isole Pleasant e Lemesurier compongono l'area protetta nota come Pleasant/Lemusurier/Inian Islands Wilderness. Geografia Le Isole Inian sono in tutto quattro, alle quali si aggiungono altri scogli e isolotti. Sono situate a nord dell'Isola di Chichagof, da cui le separa un tratto di mare di poco più di un chilometro. Il centro abitato più vicino è Elfin Cove, situato proprio sull'isola di Chichagof. L'isola principale del gruppo ha un'area di circa 12,5 km² e, nel complesso, la superficie totale di tutte le isole è di poco superiore ai 15 km². Presenza dell'uomo sull'isola Nella più grande delle Isole Inian ha sede un'organizzazione no profit denominata Inian Island Institutes che propone corsi di formazione rivolti a chi intende intraprendere una carriera in ambito ecologico-ambientale. Note Collegamenti esterni (EN) Isole Inian, su Geographic Names Information System, USGS.