NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Четырёхсопочные острова

Четырёхсопочные острова (англ. Islands of Four Mountains) — группа островов в восточной части цепи Алеутских островов. Граничит с морскими путями и расположена между проливом Амукта и Андреяновскими островами на западе, а также между проливом Самалга и Лисьими островами на востоке. Административно острова относятся к американскому штату Аляска. География Длина всей цепи — 130 км, а максимальная ширина — 35 км. Включает в себя ряд островов, протянувшихся цепочкой с запада на восток: Амукта, Чагулак, Юнаска, Герберт, Карлайл, Чугинадак, Улиага и Кагамильской остров. Крупнейшие из них — Юнаска (173,1 км²) и Чугинадак (166 км²). Последний в основном составляет действующий вулкан Кливленд. Площадь поверхности всей группы островов составляет 545,596 км² и на них нет постоянного населения. Фауна На Четырёхсопочных островах среди прочего обитает малая конюга, менее распространённые конюга-крошка и меньше всего — чистиковые. История Название этим островам было дано в первой половине XIX века русскими первооткрывателями в связи с тем, что на четырёх из этих островов были действующие вулканы: Кливленд, Карлайл (вулкан), Кагамил и Герберт. Алеуты, населявшие эти острова 5000 лет, дали им название (на современном алеутском) Униган, что означает «родина ветров», так как здесь нередки бури. Алеуты почитают эти острова и особенно остров Кагамил как свою прародину. Здесь они хоронили своих умерших и мумифицировали их, что свидетельствует о духовной значимости этого места. Путаница с современным названием возможно произошла из-за обилия и неполноты различных карт и схем того времени. Действующие названия были собраны в 1894 году полевой частью экипажа с USS Concord (PG-3) и опубликованы в 1895 году в гидрографическом подразделении ВМС США. Первый из этих островов принадлежит к Алеутскому часовому поясу и его время остаёт на 1 час от времени Аляски, с переводом часов в летний сезон. Примечания
Refuge faunique national Izembek

Le refuge faunique national Izembek (en anglais : Izembek National Wildlife Refuge) est une réserve faunique située en Alaska aux États-Unis. Son statut a été établi en 1980 par l'Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. Situation Il est le plus petit des National Wildlife Refuges d'Alaska. Il s'étend sur la côte nord-ouest de la mer de Béring dans le Borough des Aléoutiennes orientales, entre les eaux riches de la mer de Béring et du golfe d'Alaska. Son administration se trouve à Cold Bay. Le cœur du parc est constitué par le lagon Izembek, de 30 milles (48 km) de long et de 5 milles (8 km) de large, un écosystème côtier qui héberge une des plus vastes concentrations de zostères. Oiseaux Plusieurs millions d'espèces migratrices et d'oiseaux marins peuvent y être observés. Cette abondance et cette diversité ont entraîné en 1986 le classement en zone humide protégée par la Convention de Ramsar. En 2001, le refuge Izembek a aussi été considéré comme important par l'American Bird Conservancy. On y trouve la bernache du Pacifique (environ 150 000 oiseaux), la bernache du Canada (55 000), l'oie empereur (6 000) ainsi que l'eider de Steller (23 000) qui y passe à chaque automne . Autres espèces D’autres animaux communs dans la nature sauvage comprennent l’ours brun, le phoque, le morse, l’otarie de Steller, la loutre de mer et le caribou du troupeau du sud de la péninsule de l’Alaska. Les rapaces qui s’attaquent aux nombreuses espèces de rongeurs, d’oiseaux et de poissons comprennent les pygargues à tête blanche et les aigles royaux, les faucons à pattes rugueuses, les gyrfalcons et les faucons pèlerins de Peale. Les mammifères marins sont communs dans les eaux productives entourant ce refuge. Les phoques communs, les lions de mer de Steller et les loutres de mer habitent les eaux côtières et les lagunes voisines. Les orques, les baleines grises et les petits rorquals peuvent parfois être vus alors qu’ils migrent le long du rivage et parfois à l’intérieur de la lagune d’Izembek. Controverse Un projet de route, traversant le refuge pour relier King Cove à Cold Bay, réclamé par les résidents des deux localités, s'est heurté aux arguments des écologistes craignant pour la survie des oiseaux migrateurs . Galerie de photos du parc Galerie de photos de la faune ornithologique Notes et références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Izembek National Wildlife Refuge » (voir la liste des auteurs). Voir aussi Articles connexes Liste des National Wildlife Refuges des États-Unis Cold Bay Borough des Aléoutiennes orientales Liens externes Ressources relatives à la géographie : Geographic Names Information System Service d'information sur les Sites Ramsar World Database on Protected Areas (en) Site officiel Portail de la conservation de la nature Portail de l’Alaska Portail de la zoologie
Изембек

Изембек (англ. Izembek National Wildlife Refuge) — национальный резерват дикой природы США, расположенный на территории боро Восточные Алеутские острова (Аляска) и наименьший резерват в штате Аляска. Создан 2 декабря 1980 года. Площадь — 1 270 км². Описание Администрация резервата расположена в городе Колд-Бей. Национальный резерват дикой природы Изембек был создан 2 декабря 1980 года природоохранным законом Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. 18 декабря 1986 года водно-болотные угодья резервата стали первыми в США водно-болотными угодьями международного значения согласно Рамсарской конвенции. В 2001 году резерват является орнитологической территорией международного значения согласно Американской службе охраны птиц (American Bird Conservancy). Резерват включает участок на севере западной оконечности полуострова Аляска и прилегающую севернее акваторию (лагуну Изембек Берингово море). Наиболее удобный способ добраться — авиационныйː гражданский аэропорт Колд-Бей. Экосистемы резервата (заболоченные участки, прибрежные лагуны) являются местами гнездования и миграции водоплавающих птиц между субарктическими и арктическими местами их размножения. Примечания Ссылки Official site Архивная копия от 19 августа 2013 на Wayback Machine New York Times article on Land Swap Important Bird Areas Архивная копия от 1 декабря 2014 на Wayback Machine-American Bird Conservancy
Arolik Lake

Der Arolik Lake ist ein See glazialen Ursprungs im Südwesten von Alaska. Lage Der 2,2 km² große See befindet sich in den südwestlichen Ausläufern der Ahklun Mountains 50 km nordöstlich von Goodnews Bay. Er liegt in einem Trogtal auf einer Höhe von 143 m und erstreckt sich 3,7 km in Nordwest-Richtung. Der Arolik Lake bildet den Ursprung des East Fork Arolik River, der sich 13 km nordwestlich mit dem South Fork Arolik River zum Arolik River vereinigt. Der Arolik Lake hat eine maximale Tiefe von 53 m. Der Arolik Lake befindet sich im Togiak National Wildlife Refuge. Weblinks Arolik Lake. In: Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior; abgerufen im 1. Januar 1 (englisch). freshwateradventure.com Einzelnachweise
Holgate-Gletscher

Der Holgate-Gletscher ist ein etwa 8 km langer vom Harding Icefield gespeister Gletscher an der Ostküste der Kenai-Halbinsel in Alaska. Der Gletscher liegt 35 km südwestlich von Seward im Kenai-Fjords-Nationalpark. Der 1,5 km breite Holgate-Gletscher mündet in den Holgate Arm, einer Seitenbucht der Aialik Bay. Benannt wurde der Gletscher nach Thomas F. Holgate (1859–1945), der 1904–1906 und 1916–1919 Präsident der Northwestern University war. Weblinks Holgate Glacier. In: Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior; abgerufen im 1. Januar 1 (englisch). Einzelnachweise
Holgate Glacier

Holgate Glacier is a glacier located in the U.S. state of Alaska, in Kenai Fjords National Park. It flows outward from the Harding Icefield toward Holgate Arm of Aialik Bay. Tour boats from Seward, Alaska offer tourists the opportunity to view the glacier. See also Glacial lake outburst flood Ice calving List of glaciers References External links Earthshots: Satellite Images of Environmental Change, U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey: Sequence of photographs showing the 2002 ice blockage and breakthrough
Glacier Holgate

Holgate Glacier est un glacier situé dans l'État américain de l'Alaska, dans le parc national des Kenai Fjords. Il s'épanche depuis le champ de glace Harding vers Holgate Arm dans la baie d'Aialik. Les bateaux d'excursion de la ville de Seward offrent aux touristes la possibilité de voir le glacier. Références Voir aussi Articles connexes Vidange brutale de lac glaciaire Vêlage (glaciologie) Liste des glaciers de l'Alaska Liens externes Ressource relative à la géographie : Geographic Names Information System Portail de la montagne Portail des lacs et cours d'eau Portail de l’Alaska
Ghiacciaio Holgate

Il ghiacciaio Holgate (Holgate Glacier in inglese) è un ghiacciaio situato nell'Alaska (Stati Uniti) nel Borough della Penisola di Kenai. Dati fisici Il ghiacciaio, che ha un orientamento nord-ovest/sud-est, si trova nel Parco nazionale dei Fiordi di Kenai (Kenai Fjords National Park). Nasce nel gruppo montuoso dei Kenai (penisola di Kenai) e fa parte del campo di ghiaccio Harding. La fronte termina nel braccio di mare Holgate Arm (Baia di Holgate) che si apre sulla baia Aialik. Il ghiacciaio si trova a circa 100 km di navigazione dalla cittadina di Seward. È lungo più o meno 13 km, largo al massimo due chilometro; la superficie totale è di 63 km². Altri ghiacciai vicini al Holgate sono: Storia La prima mappatura del ghiacciaio risale al 1909 da parte dei geologi Grant e Higgins, ma da informazioni precedenti sembra che fino allora si sia ritirato di 1,5 km. Un altro periodo di ritiro si è avuto negli anni 1950 (altri 400 metri). Un'ulteriore ispezione del 2004 ha verificato un ritiro totale di 1 km dal 1909. Attualmente sembra che il ghiacciaio stia avanzando. Il ghiacciaio prende il nome dall'omonimo braccio di mare Holgate Arm nominato nel 1911 dal geologo Grant della USGS (United States Geological Survey) in ricordo di Dr. T. F. Holgate, decano del collegio di Arti Liberali della Northwestern University e ben noto educatore. Accessi e turismo Il ghiacciaio è visibile solamente dal mare, ed è raggiungibile dalla cittadina di Seward (circa 100 km di navigazione).. Durante la stagione turistica sono programmate diverse escursioni via mare da Seward per visitare il ghiacciaio e quelli vicini. Alcune immagini Note Bibliografia Jim Dufresne, Alaska, in Lonely planet, Torino, EDT srl, Ottobre 2009, ISBN 978-88-6040-464-0. Bruce F. Molnia, Glaciers of Alaska - USGS, Richard S. Williams Jr. & Jane G. Ferrigno, 2008. Voci correlate Parco nazionale dei Fiordi di Kenai Monti Kenai Penisola di Kenai Seward. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Ghiacciaio Holgate
St. John the Baptist Church (Angoon, Alaska)

The St. John the Baptist Church is a historic Russian Orthodox Church in Angoon, Alaska, United States. It is currently in the Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America This modest wood-frame village church was built 1928–1929, after a fire destroyed the previous church of the parish, at Killisnoo, in 1927. The main chamber is about 38 feet (12 m) long and 22 feet (6.7 m) wide, although it was originally built to a shorter length. Its gabled roof is topped by a square cupola, which is topped by an Orthodox cross. A bell tower rises from the west end above the vestibule. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska References
St. John the Theologian Church

The St. John the Theologian Church is a historic Russian Orthodox church in Perryville, Alaska, United States, that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Now it is under Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America. Named for St. John the Theologian, it was built soon after Perryville was founded in 1912, by survivors from the community of Katmai, Alaska, after it was destroyed in the 1912 Katmai volcano eruption. The church is 57.5 feet (17.5 m) in length and consists of traditional Alaskan R.O. church compartments of vestibule, nave, and altar chamber. References
St. Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church (Kwethluk, Alaska)

The St. Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church is a historic Russian Orthodox church near Kwethluk, Alaska, United States, on the Lower Kuskokwim River. In 2017 it is part of the Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America It is a wood-frame structure, resting on a log foundation, and is completely built out of cedar. It is rectangular in plan, with a gable roof which sported two small onion domes with crosses, but these were blown off by high winds and stored. The western side of the building has the vestibule area, above which rises a modest square belltower. It was built in 1935 as a replacement for an earlier church that was built around 1900, and is the oldest structure standing in the Kwethluk area. It was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1991. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Bethel Census Area, Alaska References
St. Sergius Chapel

The St. Sergius Chapel is a historic Russian Orthodox church in Chuathbaluk, Alaska, United States, in the Bethel Census Area. Now it is under the Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America. Traditionally, the church is believed to have been built in 1891 by Father Ivan Orlov. The wood-frame structure has three major elements. At the western end is a gable-roof vestibule section with a small onion dome on top, and a similarly sized matching section at the eastern end. The central section is a larger, roughly square structure, topped by a hip roof with a larger onion dome. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Bethel Census Area, Alaska References
St. Nicholas Chapel (Ekuk, Alaska)

St. Nicholas Chapel, also known as the Santa Claus Church, is a historic Russian Orthodox church in Ekuk, Alaska, United States. The small, single story wood-frame building was constructed in 1918 or 1919, replacing an earlier church. When originally built it was 16 feet wide and 21 feet long, but the chamber was subsequently lengthened, and is now 34 feet long. If it were not for its modest exterior religious symbols, it might be mistaken for a rural schoolhouse. The church and its graveyard are located on a bluff which is subject to extensive erosion of the coast and, being just 185 feet from the shoreline, could be endangered in the next 50–100 years. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Dillingham Census Area, Alaska References External links Media related to St. Nicholas Chapel (Ekuk, Alaska) at Wikimedia Commons
Chapelle Saint-Nicolas d'Ekuk

La chapelle Saint-Nicolas d'Ekuk ou église Saint-Nicolas est une chapelle orthodoxe russe située à Ekuk, dans la région de recensement de Dillingham, en Alaska. Elle est inscrite au Registre national des lieux historiques. Historique et description Cette petite église de plain-pied en bois est construite en 1918 ou 1919 à l'emplacement d'un ancien édifice. À sa construction, elle mesure 16 pieds (4,9 m) de large et 21 pieds (6,4 m) de long, mais elle est ensuite agrandie pour atteindre 34 pieds (10,4 m) de long. Elle pourrait ressembler à une école rurale si elle ne possédait pas ses modestes symboles religieux extérieurs. Le bâtiment se trouve sur un promontoire sujet à une importante érosion. Situé à 185 pieds (56,388 m) de la côte, il pourrait être menacé d'ici 50 ou 100 ans. Protection La chapelle Saint-Nicolas est inscrite au Registre national des lieux historiques le 6 juin 1980. Notes et références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « St. Nicolas Chapel, Ekuk » (voir la liste des auteurs). Voir aussi Liens externes Ressource relative à l'architecture : Registre national des lieux historiques Portail de l’architecture chrétienne Portail du christianisme orthodoxe Portail de la culture russe Portail de l’Alaska Portail du Registre national des lieux historiques
South Prince of Wales Wilderness

The South Prince of Wales Wilderness is a wilderness area on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, protecting 90,968 acres of undeveloped Pacific temperate rainforest, much of which is old-growth. Managed by the United States Forest Service as part of the Tongass National Forest, the wilderness area was designated in a provision of the 1980 Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. This wilderness contains 75 or more islands that range from a few to over 500 acres in size. The South Prince of Wales Wilderness sees tidal bores, tidal surges, fierce winds, and heavy storms regularly. References
South Baranof Wilderness

The South Baranof Wilderness is a federally designated wilderness area within the Tongass National Forest, located on Baranof Island, Alaska. Covering 319,568 acres south of Sitka, the South Baranof protects glacier-carved fjords, hanging valleys, old-growth temperate rainforests and sheer granite mountains. The wilderness was created by Congress in 1980 as part of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. The highest point in the wilderness is Mount Ada, elevation 4,528-feet (1,380-meters). References
Sno-Freighter

The Sno-Freighter is a one-of-a-kind land vehicle designed by LeTourneau Technologies (now part of Cameron International) for Alaska Freight Lines in the 1950s. During that decade, Alaska Freight Lines won the contract to transport construction material to build the Distant Early Warning Line (DEW) in far northern Alaska and Canada. At the time, no roads crossed the Arctic Circle in North America, there were almost no runways for air transportation, and the polar ice cap prevented seaborne transport. LeTourneau had built a series of prototype "land trains" for use in roadless environments, and Alaska Freight Lines contracted the company to build a special model for cold-climate transportation on January 5, 1954. The contract called for an off-road vehicle capable of transporting 150 short tons (140,000 kg) of cargo in −68 °F (−56 °C) temperatures, through 4-foot (1.2 m) deep streams, and deep snowdrifts. Using parts from its previous land trains, LeTourneau manufactured the Model VC-22 Sno-Freighter, completing it on February 17. It left the factory in Longview, Texas on March 16. The "locomotive" (serial # 5198) of the Sno-Freighter contained two Cummins NHV-12BI V-12 diesel engines operating at 400 horsepower each. These engines drove 24 electric motors (one for each wheel on the locomotive and trailing cars). Each car (serials # 5199-5203) measured 40 feet (12 m) in length and was 16 feet (4.9 m) wide. They carried 30 tons each for a combined payload of 150 tons for the 274-foot (84 m) long Sno-Freighter. Its first trip under power was in the Fall of 1954, when Alaska Freight Lines began their 400-mile trek north from Fairbanks, Alaska to the Arctic Ocean. During its second trip north in the Fall of 1955, the Sno-Freighter jack-knifed and its engines burned just north of Eagle, Alaska. The cargo was off-loaded onto either "Cat" trains (Caterpillar bulldozers pulling cargo sleds) or one of the eleven 1956 Mack LRVSW semi trucks that Alaska Freight Lines had purchased to supplement the Sno-Freighter. Today, the Sno-Freighter is abandoned and lies next to the Steese Highway in Fox, Alaska. See also Overland train Notes References *Orlemann, Eric C. LeTourneau Earthmovers. MBI Publishing Company, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-0840-3 *Orlemann, Eric C. R. G. LeTourneau Heavy Equipment - The Electric-Drive Era 1953-1971. Iconografix, 2009. ISBN 1-5838-8226-X *Bishop, Cliff Eighteen Wheels North to Alaska - A History of Trucking in Alaska. Publication Consultants, 2009. ISBN 978-1-59433-110-7 *Holderith, Peter. The Incredible Story of the US Army's Earth-Shaking, Off-Road Land Trains. The Drive, 2020. External links Geographic data related to Sno-Freighter at OpenStreetMap
Chevak Airport

Chevak Airport (IATA: VAK, ICAO: PAVA, FAA LID: VAK) is a publicly owned airport located one mile (1.6 km) north of the central business district of Chevak, a city in the Kusilvak Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. The airport is owned by the state. Facilities Chevak Airport has one runway and one seaplane landing area: Runway 14/32: 2,680 x 50 ft. (817 x 15 m), surface: gravel Runway 18W/36W: 2,000 x 400 ft. (610 x 122 m), surface: water Runway 18W/36W Radio Navigation Aids Airlines and destinations Statistics See also List of airports in Alaska References External links Alaska FAA airport diagram (GIF) Resources for this airport: Airport information for PAVA at AirNav Accident history for VAK at Aviation Safety Network Aeronautical chart and airport information for VAK at SkyVector
Aeroportul Chevak

Aeroportul Chevak (IATA: VAK, ICAO: PAVA, FAA LID: VAK) este un aeroport din Alaska, Statele Unite ale Americii. Aeroportul a fost tranzitat în 2019 de 11.970 de pasageri. Situat la o altitudine de 23 m, aeroportul dispune de 1 pistă. Este operat de Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities⁠(d). Infrastructură Piste Aeroportul dispune de o singură pistă. Pista 02/20 are suprafața de pietriș și dimensiunile 3.220 picioare × 75 picioare. Terminale Note Vezi și
Чевак (аэропорт)

Аэропорт Чевак (англ. Chevak Airport), (ИАТА: VAK, ИКАО: PAVA, FAA LID: VAK) — государственный гражданский аэропорт, расположенный в 1,6 километрах к северу от центрального делового района города Чевак (Аляска), США. Аэропорт находится в собственности штата Аляска. Операционная деятельность Аэропорт Чевак расположен на высоте 23 метра над уровнем моря и эксплуатирует две взлётно-посадочные полосы, одна из которых предназначена для приёма гидросамолётов: 14/32 размерами 817 x 15 метров с гравийным покрытием; 18W/36W размерами 610 x 122 метров — для гидросамолётов. Авиакомпании и пункты назначения Примечания Ссылки Alaska FAA airport diagram (GIF)
Chicken Airport

Chicken Airport (IATA: CKX, FAA LID: CKX) is a state-owned public-use airport located in Chicken, a community in the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility. Both Boundary and Eagle destinations are flag stops on the Tok-Chicken route. The aircraft will not stop at these destinations unless there is scheduled cargo or passengers flying in or out of those destinations. Facilities and aircraft Chicken Airport covers an area of 68 acres (28 ha) at an elevation of 1,640 feet (500 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 13/31 with a gravel surface measuring 2,500 by 60 feet (762 x 18 m). For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2005, the airport had 475 aircraft operations, an average of 39 per month: 74% general aviation and 26% air taxi. Airlines and destinations Statistics See also List of airports in Alaska References External links Topographic map as of July 1956 from USGS The National Map Resources for this airport: FAA airport information for CKX AirNav airport information for CKX ASN accident history for CKX FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker SkyVector aeronautical chart for CKX
Aeroportul Chicken

Aeroportul Chicken (IATA: CKX, ICAO: KCKX, FAA LID: CKX) este un aeroport din Alaska, Statele Unite ale Americii ce deservește zona Chicken⁠(d)[[Chicken (town in Alaska, United States)|​]]. Aeroportul a fost tranzitat în 2019 de 46 de pasageri. A fost numit după zona deservită. Situat la o altitudine de 500 m, aeroportul dispune de 1 pistă. Infrastructură Piste Aeroportul dispune de o singură pistă. Pista 13/31 are dimensiunile 2.500 picioare × 60 picioare. Terminale Note Vezi și
Flugplatz Chignik Lagoon

Der Flugplatz Chignik Lagoon (IATA-Code: KCL, FAA-LID: KCL) bedient den Ort Chignik Lagoon auf der Alaska-Halbinsel im US-Bundesstaat Alaska. Der Flugplatz ist auch unter dem Namen Chignik Flats Airport bekannt. Weblinks FAA Airport Data for CHIGNIK LAGOON Luftfahrtkarte für Chignik Lagoon auf SkyVector.com Einzelnachweise