NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Gençlik Parkı

Gençlik Parkı (türk. für Jugendpark) ist ein Stadtpark inmitten der türkischen Hauptstadt Ankara. Er befindet sich im Stadtteil Ulus und umfasst 28 Hektar. Geschichte Nachdem Ankara im Jahr 1923 als Hauptstadt der neuen Republik festgelegt wurde, sollte es eine städtische Grünfläche bekommen und zu einer betont begrünten Stadt inmitten der zentralanatolischen Steppe werden. Dazu wurde schon im Jansen-Plan die Fläche als Grünfläche reserviert. Diese war vorher größtenteils versumpft. Architekt des Parks war Theo Leveau. Bauzeit war von 1936 bis 1938, die Eröffnung erfolgte am 19. Mai 1943, einem türkischen Nationalfeiertag mit der Bezeichnung Tag der Jugend. Der Park sollte die eintreffenden Ankömmlinge des ehemaligen Busbahnhofs empfangen und ein Ausstellungsstück der Stadt werden. So tauchte er auch in Postkarten und auf Briefmarken auf. Neben der Erholung sollte die Fläche vor allem der Bildung der Jugend dienen. Dafür gab es im Park Schwimm-, Ruder- und Segelunterricht. Nach 1950 (parallel zum Regierungswechsel durch die Demokrat Parti) wurde die Fläche mit einem Freizeitpark (1951), einer Parkeisenbahn (1957) und den sogenannten Gazinos (Örtlichkeiten für Veranstaltungen mit Livemusik) erweitert, wodurch der Park an Grünfläche und Erholungsfunktion verlor und Elemente der Unterhaltung betont wurden. In den Gazinos – vor allem im Göl Gazino – hielten berühmte türkische Musiker (Neşet Ertaş, Zeki Müren) ihre Konzerte ab. Der kleine kaskadenförmige Parkabschnitt wurde zwecks Erholung unbebaut gelassen. Ab 1970 erlosch das städtebauliche Interesse und der Park wurde vernachlässigt. Durch die verstärkte Binnenmigration in die Stadt verschob sich die Besucherstruktur noch stärker in Richtung Unterhaltungsmarkt – der von einigen Soziologen als Arabesk-Kultur beschrieben wird. 2006–2009 kam es zu einer Grundsanierung des Parks. Alle Gebäude – bis auf das Göl Gazino- wurden abgerissen, die Teegärten aufgelöst und an deren Stellen unter anderem Imbissstände errichtet. Aufbau Zentral gelegen ist ein künstlicher See mit einem Springbrunnen, dessen Fontänen abends im Wechselspiel zur jeweiligen Musik in eine Effektshow eingebunden sind. In regelmäßigen Abständen werden auf die Fontänen Bilder projiziert – darunter auch die des derzeitigen Ministerpräsidenten Erdoğan, worauf die Besucher jeweils mit Applaus oder mit Buh-Rufen reagieren. Weblinks Quellen
Gençlik Parkı

Gençlik Parkı (literally Youth Park) is a public park in Ankara, Turkey. Geography The 27.5 ha (68 acres) park is almost at the center of Ankara. It is surrounded by Ulus Square to the north, the Ankara Opera House (formerly Ankara Exhibition Building) to the east, Selim Sırrı Tarcan Sport Hall and Ankara Central Station to the south and, 19 Mayıs Stadium to the west. History During the early years of the Turkish Republic, the place where the park is located was a marshland. After the marshes were drained, the park was established and opened to the public on 19 May 1943, the National Youth Day. There were coffee houses around the 42,000 m2 (0.016 mi2) main pool, a swimming pool, a luna park, an open-air theatre and tracks. In 1957, two miniature trains were established within the park area as a part of the amusement attractions. The park in the 2000s After restoration and renovation works, there are now a cultural center, youths' center and Ankara Municipality Convention Hall as well as 43 kiosks in the park. During nights light performances are held in the main pool. Also a science museum is under construction. References
Генчлик (парк)

Генчли́к (тур. Gençlik Parkı — молодёжный парк) — исторический парк, расположенный в районе Улус, Алтындаг, в самом центре Анкары. История До создания парка на местности находились болота и футбольное поле, которое называлось «Полумесяц-Звезда» (тур. Ay-Yıldız) по цвету турецкого флага. Планировалось, что с помощью преобразования территории удастся избавиться от болот и ручьёв, которые были в тех местах. Проектированием парка руководил Герман Янсен. Открытие парка состоялось 19 мая 1943 года в День памяти Ататюрка, молодёжи и спорта. В 1933 году был построен выставочный дом, который в 1946 году преобразовали в один из крупнейших театральных залов в Анкаре. В 1951 году был открыт парк развлечений. В 2009 году прошла модернизация парка. В парке работает первый в Турции научный центр, который был отремонтирован в 2007—2009 годах при содействии муниципалитета Анкары и Совета по научным и технологическим исследованиям Турции. Транспорт Станция метро Улус имеет выход прямо к парку. Галерея Примечания
Mopsuestia

Mopsuestia /(gr.) Μοψουεστία/ także Mopswestia lub Mompsuestia, pierwotnie gr. Mopsos, w średniowieczu Mamissa lub Mamistra, później tur. Missis, od lat 60. Yakapinar – w starożytności miasto w Cylicji nad rzeką Piramus (fr.). Obecnie miasteczko w prowincji Adana w południowo-wschodniej Turcji. Historia Miasto zostało założone, jak podaje legenda, przez Mopsusa. Brak pewnych wiadomości o dziejach miasta w starożytności. Wiadomo, że w czasach Seleucydów nosiło nazwę "Seleucja", a pod panowaniem Rzymu – "Hadriana", później "Decja". Za cesarza Konstancjusza II zbudowano wielki most przez rz. Piramus, naprawiony za Justyniana. Miasto dzieliło losy całej Cylicji – wraz z nią pozostawało pod władzą Rzymu, a potem Bizancjum. W Mopsuestii wcześnie pojawiło się chrześcijaństwo – już w III wieku istniało biskupstwo patriarchatu antiocheńskiego. Początkowo było ono sufraganią metropolii w Anazarbus. Z Mopsuestią byli związani święty Auksencjusz z Mopsuestii (III-IV wiek) i słynny teolog Teodor z Mopsuestii (350-407). Byli oni biskupami tego miasta. W 879 r. Mopswestia została arcybiskupstwem, które przetrwało do XIV wieku. Wcześnie pojawił się islam – miasto zostało opanowane przez Arabów już pod koniec VII wieku. Do X wieku Mopsuestia pozostawała arabskim miastem pogranicza, często obleganym przez wojska bizantyjskie. Ostatecznie, po oblężeniach w 964 i w 965 wojska Nikefora Fokasa zdobyły miasto, które zostało włączone do Cesarstwa Bizantyjskiego. Mopsuestia liczyła wtedy około 200 tysięcy mieszkańców. Przez cztery następne stulecia miasto przechodziło z rąk do rąk kolejnych zdobywców – krzyżowców (Księstwo Antiochii z ks. Tankredem), Bizantyjczyków i ormiańskiego Królestwa Małej Armenii (w 1322 Ormianie ponieśli wielką klęskę pod murami Mopsuestii). W XIV wieku miasto, mocno już wtedy zniszczone przez nieustanne wojny, znalazło się pod władzą Turków. Od tej pory następował systematyczny upadek Mopsuestii, aż stała się wioską z kilkuset mieszkańcami narodowości tureckiej. Przypisy Bibliografia Victor Langlois: Voyage dans la Cilicie et dans les montagnes du Taurus: exécuté pendant les années 1851-1853. (rozdz. Cilicie orientale).. s. 448. [dostęp 2010-08-28]. (fr.).
Мопсуестия

Мопсуестия (греч. Μοψουεστία, араб. المصيصة‎ Эль-Массиса, тур. Misis, Мамистра) — древний город на территории Турции, расположенный на реке Джейхан в 20 км к востоку от Аданы. В древности относился к Киликии. История В I в. до н. э. здесь спасался Селевк VI Эпифан Никатор. Стал важным христианским центром в раннехристианскую эру, откуда происходил Феодор Мопсуестийский. В конце 630-х годов город, как и большая часть Киликии, перешёл под контроль Арабского халифата, утратив зависимость от Византийской империи. В 684 году византийский император Константин IV вернул город, выбив оттуда арабский гарнизон. Однако в 703 году город снова оказался под властью арабов, которые восстановили укрепления, построили мечеть и разместили постоянный гарнизон. Благодаря своему пограничному положению город неоднократно становился объектом военных столкновений и переходил из рук в руки. В 964 году войска византийского полководца Иоанна I Цимисхия безуспешно осаждали город, однако в следующем году, после продолжительной осады, он был захвачен войсками Никифора II Фоки. В этот период население города достигало 200 000 человек, часть из которых исповедовала ислам. Византийские власти предпринимали попытки повторно христианизировать город. В начале 1090-х годов город был завоёван турками, но в 1097 году крестоносцы под командованием Танкреда вновь установили контроль над ним и его портом, присоединив их к княжеству Антиохии. В XII веке город сильно пострадал от междоусобной войны между крестоносцами, армянами и византийцами, особенно в 1106, 1132 и 1137 годах. В 1151–1152 годах армянский барон Торос II захватил город и отразил византийское наступление под командованием Андроника I Комнина. После этого он оставался в составе Киликийского армянского царства. Армянские власти предоставили венецианским и генуэзским торговцам право на хранение товаров, прибывавших из Индии, в порту города. В 1347 году армянское население было выселено мамлюками. В 1515 году Мопсуэстия, вместе с остальной территорией Киликии, была включена в состав Османской империи султаном Селимом I. В позднее время город был известен как Мисис. Постепенно потерял свое значение и ныне существует в качестве деревни Якапынар с населением в 2700 человек (2015). В 1959 году был основан местный музей мозаики, где в том числе представлена знаменитая «Мозаика Самсона». Ссылки Мопсуестия Примечания
Mopsuestia

Mopsuestia, eller Mamistra, var under antiken en viktig stad. Platsen ligger i nuvarande Turkiet vid floden Pyramos på vägen mellan Tarsus och Issos. Idag heter platsen Yakapınar och hade 5 765 invånare i slutet av 2007, och är belägen i provinsen Adana. Yakapınar var tidigare en egen kommun men ingår numera i Adanas storstadskommun. Platsens mest kända byggnad är en magnifik bro som kejsaren Constantius II lät bygga. Källor
Мопсуестія

Мопсуестія (грец. Μοψουεστία) — стародавнє місто на території Туреччини, розташоване на річці Джейхан за 20 км на схід від Адани. У давнину було частиною Кілікії. У I ст. до н. е. тут рятувався басилевс Селевк VI Епіфан Нікатор. Стало важливим християнським центром у ранньохристиянську еру, звідки походив теолог Феодор Мопсуестійський. У період свого розквіту Мопсуестія налічувала 200 тис. житель. У VII столітті місто було захоплене арабами, в X столітті звільнене візантійцями і в XI столітті перейшло під владу турків. В епоху хрестових походів Мопсуестією оволоділи загони Танкреда і влада над містом перейшла до Антіохійського князівства, але потім Мопсуестія знову була захоплена турками. У пізній час місто було відоме як Місіс (тур. Misis). Поступово втратило своє значення і нині існує як село Якапинар (тур. Yakapınar) з населенням у 2700 осіб (2015). Місцевою визначною пам'яткою вважається Римський міст і мозаїка IV століття. Посилання Мопсуестія [Архівовано 27 вересня 2021 у Wayback Machine.]
Ala Mosque

Ala Mosque (Turkish: Ala Camisi) is a historical mosque in Kadirli, Osmaniye Province, Turkey. Ala Mosque is in Kadirli ilçe (district) of Osmaniye Province. There is a Roman necropolis to the east of the mosque. It was a Byzantine church and monastery built in the 5th century. After the city was captured by Kasım Bey of Dulkadirids in 1489, it was converted into a mosque and a madrasa. A mimbar and a minaret were added by the Dulkarids. It was initially named Alaüddevle Mescit after Kasım Bey's father Alaüddevle Bozkurt. Later, the name was shortened to "Ala". During the 19th century, Ala Mosque was used as an Ottoman Army depot, and after 1865 it was restored as a mosque. In 1924, during the Turkish Republic era, it was abandoned. Beginning by 2012, the building underwent a restoration. Which was finished in July 2020. According to Richard Batliss, the dimensions of the original building was 33 m × 19.5 m (108 ft × 64 ft). References
Behiçbey railway station

Behiçbey railway station (Turkish: Behiçbey istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey, currently being rebuilt. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from the 1930s to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and is expected to open on 12 April 2018. Behiçbey station was originally built in the early 1930s by the Turkish State Railways as Bahçekapı railway station. In 1961, the station was renamed Behiçbey in honor of Behiç Erkin, the first minister of railways in Turkey. The new station consists of an island platform serving two tracks, within a five-track railway. South of the platform are two tracks for mainline and YHT high-speed trains, while the track north of the platform is a bi-directional track for freight trains and equipment moves. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık Archived 2019-09-28 at the Wayback Machine EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Elvankent railway station

Elvankent railway station (Turkish: Elvankent tren istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from 1972 to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and opened on 12 April 2018. Lale station was originally built in 1970 by the Turkish State Railways, when the railway from Ankara to Sincan was double-tracked. It entered service in 1972, when electric commuter service began on the line. The new station consists of an island platform with the station building located above the platform and is located about 230 m (750 ft) west of the old station. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık Archived 2019-09-28 at the Wayback Machine EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Etimesgut railway station

Etimesgut railway station (Turkish: Etimesgut istasyonu) is a railway station in Etimesgut, Ankara, currently under renovation. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from 1972 to 2016, when the station was closed for renovation. Once the rebuilt station is opened, commuter rail service will resume. Etimesgut station is located along İstasyon Avenue, near Hikmet Özer Avenue. History The original station was built in 1925, by the Turkish government-owned Anatolian—Baghdad Railways, to service the newly formed neighborhood of Etimesgut. The station house was designed by Turkish architect Burhaneddin Tamcı, who also designed the station house of the nearby Gazi station. Until his death in 1938, when President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk traveled from Ankara, Etimesgut station was where public crowds would gather to watch his train pass by. When the nearby Ankara Sugarcane Mill opened in 1962, freight rail cars were stored at the station's small yard. This continued until the 1990s, when the mill replaced freight rail transport with trucks. In 1970, the Turkish State Railways expanded the station, adding a new platform in preparation for electric commuter rail service from Sincan to Kayaş. The new platform entered service in 1972 when the Ankara suburban entered revenue service. Once commuter rail service began, intercity and regional trains bypassed Etimesgut and the station became a local stop only. In 2012, the small siding on the north side of the station grounds was replaced with a new track for YHT high-speed rail. On 11 July 2016, Etimesgut station was closed to passenger traffic and the platform demolished shortly after. The railway was widened from three to five tracks and a new island platform was built with a new station house over it. The station is expected to re-open on 12 April 2018. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık Archived 2019-09-28 at the Wayback Machine EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Gazi Mahallesi railway station

Gazi Mahallesi railway station (Turkish: Gazi Mahallesi istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey, currently being rebuilt. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from 1972 to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and is expected to open on 12 April 2018. The station is located within the neighborhood (Turkish: Mahalle) of Gazi in Yenimahalle. Gazi Mahallesi was originally built in 1970 by the Turkish State Railways, when the railway from Ankara to Sincan was double-tracked. It entered service in 1972. In 1984, a second platform was added when the railway was expanded to four tracks. This platform was disused in the late 1990s but remained until early 2012 when it was demolished. References
Havadurağı railway station

Havadurağı railway station (Turkish: Havadurağı istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey, currently being rebuilt. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from the 1930s to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and is expected to open on 12 April 2018. The station opened in 1930s, when the Etimesgut Air Base entered service. The station gets its name from the Air Base, as Havadurağı literally translates to Air stop. The new station consists of an island platform serving two tracks, within a five-track railway. South of the platform are two tracks for mainline and YHT high-speed trains, while the track north of the platform is a bi-directional track for freight trains and equipment moves. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Köstence railway station

Köstence railway station (Turkish: Köstence istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey, on the Başkentray commuter rail line. The original station was built in 1970 by the Turkish State Railways and entered service in 1972 as a station on the Ankara suburban. The first station consisted of an island platform with two tracks. In 2016, the station was closed, demolished and rebuilt to accommodate higher capacity. The new station consists of an island platform serving two tracks, with two more tracks on the south side for intercity and high-speed trains. Köstence was reopened on 12 April 2018. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Lale railway station

Lale railway station (Turkish: Lale istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from 1972 to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and opened on 12 April 2018. Lale station was originally built in 1970 by the Turkish State Railways, when the railway from Ankara to Sincan was double-tracked. It entered service in 1972, when electric commuter service began on the line. Between 10 January and 15 March 2018, Lale station briefly hosted YHT high-speed trains, following the closure of Sincan station until the opening of Eryaman station. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Yeni Kavaflar Market

Yeni Kavaflar Market (Turkish: Yeni Kavaflar Çarşısı) is a covered bazaar in İzmir, Turkey. Location The market, situated at 38°25′20″N 27°8′9″E, is to the south of Fevzipaşa Boulevard and to the north of Kemeraltı Bazaar at Çankaya neighborhood of Konak district in İzmir. The 130 m (430 ft)-long west to east dimension of the market lies in parallel to the boulevard. There are 64 shops in the market. History During the Great fire of İzmir in 1922, just after the liberation of İzmir, most of the İzmir business center were burned down. In İzmir Economic Congress held on 17 February 1923 – 4 March 1923, reconstruction of the business center was planned. The Yeni Kavaflar Market was a part of this project and it was completed in 1929. In 2009, it was restored by the Municipality of Konak, a secondary municipality of İzmir. Although the name Yeni Kavaflar means "New Shoemakers", there are many shops of diverse sectors such as leather dealers, furniture shops etc. References
Yıldırım railway station

Yıldırım railway station (Turkish: Yıldırım istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey, currently being rebuilt. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from 1972 to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and is expected to open on 12 April 2018. Yıldırım station was originally built in 1970 by the Turkish State Railways, when the railway from Ankara to Sincan was double-tracked. It entered service in 1972, when electric commuter service began on the line. The new station consists of an island platform serving two tracks, within a five-track railway. South of the platform are two tracks for mainline and YHT high-speed trains, while the track north of the platform is a bi-directional track for freight trains and equipment moves. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Özgüneş railway station

Özgüneş railway station (Turkish: Özgüneş istasyonu) is a railway station in Ankara, Turkey, currently being rebuilt. The station was a stop on the Ankara suburban from 1972 to 2016 when it was closed and demolished shortly after, in order to rebuild and expand the railway. Construction of the new station began in 2017 and is expected to open on 12 April 2018. Özgüneş station was originally built in 1970 by the Turkish State Railways, when the railway from Ankara to Sincan was double-tracked. It entered service in 1972, when electric commuter service began on the line. The new station consists of an island platform serving two tracks, within a five-track railway. South of the platform are two tracks for mainline and YHT high-speed trains, while the track north of the platform is a bi-directional track for freight trains and equipment moves. References External links TCDD Taşımacılık EGO Genel Müdürlüğü
Reşadiye Mosque

The Reşadiye Mosque (Turkish: Reşadiye Camii) is a mosque in Eskişehir, Turkey. The mosque is in Arifiye neighborhood of Odunpazarı ilçe (district). The street to the north west of the mosque is also named Reşadiye. The mosque was built in 1916 by Ottoman Sultan Mehmet V (reigned 1909–1918), who was also known as Reşat. In 1979, it was rebuilt keeping the former name. Although its architect was Cevat Ulger, it was completed after the death of its architect. The mosque with two minarets was designed after the style of the historical New Mosque in Eminönü, Istanbul References