NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
HTMS Maeklong

HTMS Maeklong (Thai: เรือหลวงแม่กลอง) is a retired Royal Thai Navy escort vessel (classified also as a corvette or sloop) and training ship, built at the Uraga Dock in Yokosuka, Japan. Her sister ship was HTMS Tachin. The Maeklong is preserved in concrete in Chulachomklao Fort in Phra Samut Chedi District, Samut Prakan Province, Thailand. The ship is named after a river, the Mae Klong. Construction and commissioning HTMS Maeklong construction along with four other warships was ordered and signed by the Royal Thai Navy on 13 August 1935 and Phra Prakobkollakij was assigned as the general overseer of all the five warships, where Luang Chanchakrakij was to overseer the detailed construction of HTMS Maeklong and HTMS Tachin. Royal keel-laying ceremony for HTMS Maeklong was held on 24 July 1936, at the Uraga Dock Company, Japan. HTMS Maeklong has delivery and returned to Thailand on 10 June 1937 and arrived at Ratcha Woradit Pier on 26 September 1937. The Ministry of Defense organized a welcoming ceremony and enrolled in the ship on the day the ship arrived in Thailand. At the ceremony Prince Oscar Anuvatana, President of the regency council of King Rama VIII, presided over the ceremony at the Rajakij Winitchai Pavilion. HTMS Maeklong commissioned in 1937, served as a training ship for naval officers until the age of 60 is considered the longest active warship in the history of the Thai navy and the second longest in the world. Service history During World War II, HTMS Maeklong patrolled the Thai territories to protect the Gulf of Thailand until the war was over and used to be a royal ship in many times, for example, when King Rama VIII went to study in Switzerland on 13 January 1938, or when the King returned to Bangkok on 2 December 1951 and used in royal proceedings to inspect the Naval Parade and Observing the landing of the marines at Bang Saen Beach, Chon Buri Province on 20 November 1954. In addition, it was organized as a ship to bring bone ash of King Prajadhipok to Tha Ratchaworadit on 20 May 1949. HTMS Maeklong Museum Later, King Bhumibol Adulyadej asked the Royal Thai Navy that should preserve the old warships and make them into a museum of military history to disseminate knowledge to the public. Therefore, in the auspicious occasion of King Bhumibol will ascend the throne for the 50th year in 1996, the Royal Thai Navy built the Thai Warship Museum in honour of the Golden Jubilee Year of King Bhumibol by conserving the Mae Klong Luang boat and creating a warship museum in the navy's outdoor museum project. Gallery Citations References Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7. Mikesh, Robert C. and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft 1910–1941. London: Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2. External links HTMS Maeklong Conservation Project
Hat Khanom–Mu Ko Thale Tai National Park

Hat Khanom–Mu Ko Thale Tai (Thai: หาดขนอม-หมู่เกาะทะเลใต้) is a national park in the process of being established as of 2015. It is in southern Thailand, covering territory of the districts Khanom and Sichon of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province and Don Sak and Ko Samui of Surat Thani Province. The name of the park refers to the two major parts of the park. Hat Khanom refers to the beaches of Khanom District, and the Thale Tai archipelago consists of eight islands in the Gulf of Thailand (Ko Mut Tang, Ko Mut Kong, Ko Rap, Ko Hua Ta Khe, Ko Wang Nai, Ko Wang Nak, Ko Noi, and Ko Ta Rai, all in the Sichon and Khanom District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, and Ko Samui District, Surat Thani) between Khanom and Ko Samui. Geography The area of the park is 194,797 rai ~ 312 square kilometres (120 sq mi). Most of the area is covered with primary forest which is the provenance of many creeks. The park contains limestone mountains and mangrove forests. Climate Southwesterly and northeasterly winds result in rainfall almost all year round. There are two seasons, summer (February–April) and rainy season (May–January). Flora and fauna Primary forests consist of plants such as Intsia palembanica, Dipterocarpus species, Ironwood, Sandoricum koetjape and Indian oak. Mangrove forests with valuable plants such as mangroves, taboon and Thespesia populneoides. Limestone mountain contain plants such as chanpah and Opuntia elatior. Mammals – Sus scrofa (wild pig), monkey, semno, squirrel, Menetes berdmorei (Indochinese ground squirrel), Naemorhedus sumatraensis, Muntiacus muntjak, Ursus malayanus, tiger, sambar, gibbon, and Malayan sun bear. Birds – Spilornis cheela (crested), Treron curvirostra (thick-billed pigeon), Copsychus saularis (Oriental), shama, dove, cormorant, Nicobar pigeon, seagull, Egretta sacra (Pacific reef egret) and Ducula aenea (green imperial) Reptiles – tortoise, snakes and chameleon. Amphibians – different kinds of frogs, Bufo asper. Other aquatic life – Channa striatus (serpenthead), crab, shrimp, saltwater fish, soro brook carp, and snakeheads. Location See also List of national parks of Thailand DNP - Hat Khanom-Mu Ko Thale Tai National Park List of Protected Areas Regional Offices of Thailand References
Wat Phra That Lampang Luang

Wat Pra That Lampang Luang (Thais: วัดพระธาตุลำปางหลวง) is een boeddhistische tempel in Lampang in de gelijknamige provincie in Thailand. Het is een wat uit de 15e eeuw. Voor de hoofdingang is een trap. In Wihan Phra Phut is een beeld van een zittende Boeddha. In Wihan Luang staan vijf Boeddha-beelden. Er is een groenblauwe chedi. In Wihan Nam Tam bevinden zich muurschilderingen.
Wat Phra That Lampang Luang

Wat Phra That Lampang Luang (język tajski: วัดพระธาตุลำปางหลวง) – świątynia buddyjska w stylu lannajskim, zbudowana pod koniec XV w. na miejscu dawniejszej twierdzy w pobliżu miasta Lampang w północnej Tajlandii. Uniknęła zniszczenia podczas najazdu birmańskiego w 1736 roku. Słynie z XVI-wiecznych malowideł we wnętrzach i posągu Buddy Phra Keo Don Tao, wykonanego według tradycji z tego samego bloku jadeitu, co słynny tzw. Szmaragdowy Budda z Bangkoku. W centralnej czedi przechowuje się jako relikwię włos Buddy (słowo phra that w nazwie świątyni znaczy właśnie "relikwia"). Przypisy
Ват Пхра Тхат Лампанг Луанг

Ват Пхра Тхат Лампанг Луанг (тайск. วัดพระธาตุลำปางหลวง) — буддистский храмовый комплекс (ват) в 18 километрах к юго-западу от города Лампанг. Один из наиболее своеобразных и хорошо сохранившихся памятников архитектуры эпохи государства Ланнатай; яркая достопримечательность Северного Таиланда. Крепость на холме у дороги, ведущей в Лампанг с юга, восходит ещё к VIII веку, её основание связывают с именем королевы Джамадеви. Остатки рвов и земляных валов, защищавших укрепление, можно видеть вокруг монастыря и сейчас. Ныне существующий архитектурный ансамбль построен, в основном, в конце XV века. Храмовый комплекс расположен на плоской возвышенности среди деревьев и обнесён широкой кирпичной стеной. К монументальному главному порталу пирамидальной формы ведёт лестница, подножие которой защищают резные скульптуры нагов XV века. В люнете портала паломников встречает буддийский символ дхармашакры (колеса закона), а на створках ворот золотом на красной эмали изображены божественные фигуры. Доминанта комплекса — грандиозная чеди высотой 45 метров, увенчанная позолоченным шпилем, в которой сохраняются несколько волосков Будды. В отличие от большинства традиционных тайских ступ, она не была позолочена, а сохранила историческое покрытие из меди и бронзы, что придаёт ей зеленовато-голубой оттенок. Возвышающаяся посреди двора, засыпанного песком (символизирующим мировой океан), чеди окружена пятью храмами. Вихан Луанг — самый большой из храмов, расположенный восточнее, между чеди и главным входом в ват. Он датируется XIII веком и построен из тикового дерева, став одним из древнейших сохранившихся деревянных сооружений Таиланда. Вихан Луанг сохранил особенности, присущие храмовой архитектуре Ланнатая, — открытая планировка без внешних стен, трёхъярусная резная крыша покоится на тиковых столбах, покрытых чёрным лаком и украшенных позолотой. В южной части комплекса расположен Вихан Пхрапхут, небольшой павильон, вход в который разрешён лишь мужчинам. В нём сохраняется одна из святынь вата — слепок ступни Будды. Здесь же сработана камера-обскура — свет, попадающий через прорезь в двери создаёт на стене перевёрнутое изображение большой ступы. Неподалёку отсюда растёт священный фикус, поддерживаемый сотнями резных и расписных подпорок, принесённых паломниками в качестве подношения. В музее комплекса можно увидеть ещё одну реликвию — статую Будды Пхра Каео Дон Тао, вырезанную, по преданию, из того же куска жадеита, что и Изумрудный Будда, святой покровитель Таиланда. Галерея Литература Michael Freeman. Lanna — Thailand’s Northern Kingdom. River Books, Bangkok 2001, ISBN 0-500-97602-3 Clarence Aasen. Architecture of Siam: A Cultural History and Interpretation. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1998. ISBN 983-56-0027-9.
Laem Son National Park

Laem Son National Park is located in Ranong and Phangnga provinces, Thailand. It is situated 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Ranong on the country's west coast, with 100 kilometres (62 mi) of Andaman Sea coastline, making it Thailand's longest protected shore. The marine national park is named after the pines along the cape's shore. It was established in 1983, and is 196,875 rai ~ 315 square kilometres (122 sq mi) in size. Geography The NP is a coastal area with beaches, coral reefs, mangrove swamps, and a rainforest jungle. From the beach at Hat Bang Ben, some of the 20 offshore islands are visible, such as Ko Kam Yai, Ko Kam Noi, Mu Ko Yipun, Ko Khangkhao, and Ko Phayam, while Ko Kam Tok (alternate Ko Ao Khao Khwai) and Ko Kam Yai are not visible from this beach. The islands of Piak Nam Yai and Thao are noted for stone-tool usage by long-tailed macaques. In 2002, the Laemson National Park-Kapoe Estuary-Kra Buri River Estuary area became a designated Ramsar site. Subsequent to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, the park headquarters were flattened, and Ao Khao Khwai (Bull Horn Bay) was split into two small islands. A consortium of institutional partners are facilitating a mangrove restoration project at Laem Son. Location Gallery See also List of national parks of Thailand DNP - Laem Son National Park List of Protected Areas Regional Offices of Thailand References
Parque nacional de Laem Son

El parque nacional de Laem Son es un área protegida que se encuentra en las provincias de Ranong y Phangnga, en el sur de Tailandia. Está situado a 60 kilómetros (37 millas) al sur de Ranong en la costa oeste del país,​ con 100 kilómetros (62 millas) de costa en el mar de Andaman, siendo la costa protegida más larga de toda Tailandia. El parque nacional marino lleva el nombre de los pinos a lo largo de la costa del cabo. Fue establecido en 1983, como el parque 46.º del país y posee unos 315 kilómetros cuadrados (122 millas cuadradas) de superficie. El parque es una zona costera con playas, arrecifes de coral, manglares, y una selva tropical. Las islas de Piak Nam Yai y Thao, se caracterizan por el uso de herramientas de piedra por parte de macacos de cola larga. En 2002, el parque nacional Laemson, el estuario de Kapoe y el estuario Kra Buri se convirtieron en un sitio Ramsar designado.​ Véase también Geografía de Tailandia Geografía de Asia Referencias Enlaces externos Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Parque nacional de Laem Son.
Saovabha-Institut

Das Saovabha-Institut (thailändisch สถานเสาวภา สภากาชาดไทย, RTGS: Sathan Saowapha Sapha Kachat Thai, „Saovabha-Institut der thailändischen Rotkreuz-Gesellschaft“, englisch Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, früher Pasteur-Institut Bangkok) ist ein Institut für Antisera und Impfstoffe am Sitz des Thailändischen Roten Kreuzes im Bangkoker Bezirk Pathum Wan. Es ist nach Königin Saovabha Phongsri (1864–1919), einer der Hauptfrauen von König Rama V. (Chulalongkorn), benannt. Angeschlossen ist eine Schlangenfarm zur Zucht von Giftschlangen und Entwicklung der entsprechenden Gegengifte. Geschichte Das Institut wurde 1912 während der Herrschaft von König Rama VI. (Vajiravudh) ins Leben gerufen, um Tollwut-Impfungen durchzuführen. Anlass war der Tod eines Mitglieds des Königshauses, Prinzessin Banlusirisarn Diskul, an unbehandelter Tollwut 1911. Die Einrichtung trug zunächst den Namen Pasteur-Institut zu Ehren Louis Pasteurs, des Entdeckers des ersten Impfstoffs gegen Tollwut. Es unterstand zunächst dem thailändischen Innenministerium. Der König unterstellte es 1917 der Thailändischen Rotekreuz-Gesellschaft, die am 8. April 1920 vom Internationalen Komitee vom Roten Kreuz als nationale Rotkreuz-Gesellschaft anerkannt wurde. Im Mai desselben Jahres stiftete Rama VI. das heutige Gebäude des Instituts und verlieh ihm den Namen seiner zuvor verstorbenen Mutter, Königin Saovabha. Es befindet sich in der Henri-Dunant-Straße, die nach dem Gründer der Internationalen Rotkreuz-Bewegung benannt ist. Schlangenfarm Die dem Saovabha-Institut angeschlossene Schlangenfarm wurde am 22. November 1923 von der Präsidentin des thailändischen Roten Kreuzes, Königin Savang Vadhana (1862–1955), der Schwester Saovabhas und weiteren Hauptfrau Ramas V., eröffnet und war seinerzeit die zweite derartige Einrichtung weltweit. Die Schlangenfarm umfasst eine Fläche von etwa 600 m², hat zwei Freigehege und mehrere Drahtgehege. Für Besucher gibt es zudem Ausstellungen und Vorträge mit anschließender Demonstration von ausgewählten Giftschlangen. Gezeigt werden die rund 50 Giftschlangenarten Thailands, die zur Entwicklung von Antiseren gehalten werden. Die Entwicklung der Antiseren der verschiedenen Schlangengifte erfolgt mit Hilfe von Pferden, die das Schlangengift über Tage hinweg in geringer Dosis injiziert bekommen und mit der Zeit immun werden. Das aus dem Blut der Pferde produzierte Gegengift wird im ganzen Land an Krankenhäuser verteilt, um im Notfall nach Schlangenbissen eingesetzt werden zu können. Weblinks Website Saovabha-Institut Einzelnachweise
Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute

The Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute (QSMI) (Thai: สถานเสาวภา; RTGS: Sathan Saowapha) in Bangkok, Thailand, is an institute that specialises in the husbandry of venomous snakes, the extraction and research of snake venom, and vaccines, especially rabies vaccine. It houses the snake farm, a popular tourist attraction. The origins of the institute can be traced back to 1912 when King Rama VI granted permission for a government institute to manufacture and distribute rabies vaccine at the suggestion of Prince Damrong, whose daughter, Princess Banlusirisarn, died from rabies infection. It was officially opened on 26 October 1913 in the Luang Building on Bamrung Muang Road as the Pastura Institute after Louis Pasteur, who discovered the first vaccine against rabies. In 1917 it was renamed the Pasteur Institute and placed under the supervision of the Thai Red Cross Society. The institute also produced vaccine against smallpox. The Travel and Immunization Clinic is now located here. If offers vaccines and pre-travel consultation. In the early-1920s the king offered his private property for the construction of a new home for the institute on Rama IV Road. The new buildings were officially opened on 7 December 1922, now named for the king's mother, Queen Saovabha Phongsri. At the same time, the institute's first director, Dr. Leopold Robert, requested contributions from foreigners living in Thailand for the establishment of a snake farm, which would enable the institute to manufacture antivenom for snake bites. Reportedly the second snake farm in the world after Instituto Butantan in São Paulo, Brazil, it was opened on 22 November 1923 by Queen Savang Vadhana, then President of the Thai Red Cross, on the institute's premises. Research into snake venom is highly important, since many people fall victim to venomous snake bites. Normally only an antidote that is based from the same snake's venom can save the individual's life. The snake farm houses thousands of some of the most venomous snakes in the world, such as the king cobra and all sorts of vipers. Visitors can see handlers interact with pythons, and venom extractions can be seen. There is also a museum, and lectures are given. The QSMI and the snake farm are near Chulalongkorn Hospital, on the corner of Henri Dunant Road and Rama IV Road. References External links FactZoo.com | Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute's Visitors Brochure Archived 2009-10-25 at the Wayback Machine Thai Red Cross | Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute Out About Bangkok | Queen Saovapha Memorial Institute (includes details of institute's work) Blurrytravel.com | Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute (includes photos) Thailandguidebook.com | Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute (includes photos) Virtualtourist.com | Bangkok Travel Guide (includes reviews and photos)
Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute

Het memoriaal koningin Saovabha of Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute is een wetenschappelijk instituut in Bangkok en is genoemd naar koningin Saovabha. Geschiedenis Het instituut heeft een koninklijke geschiedenis, en is een van de oudste reptielinstituten ter wereld. Het instituut kreeg in 1912 de toestemming na de dood van prinses Banlusirisarn om de naam van koningin Saovabha Phongsri te gebruiken. Zij was de moeder van koning Rama VI. Het instituut is verbonden aan het Rode Kruis. Wetenschappelijk domein Sinds zijn oprichting wordt het bezocht door scholen en universiteiten voor studie. Er is een ziekenhuisafdeling opgericht voor patiënten te behandelen, die lijden van giftige dieren zoals zeegels, wespen, schorpioenen en spinnen. Hemolysis alsook myonecrosis, paralysis worden er behandeld door gespecialiseerde artsen. Slangen Het bekendste is het populaire serpentarium, toegankelijk voor bezoekers. Hier wordt een uitzonderlijke verzameling van in- en uitheemse exemplaren gekweekt voor onderzoek. Deze verzameling kan worden bezocht en bevat zowel gifslangen als wurgslangen. De dieren worden bewaard voor wetenschappelijke en medische doeleinden, en studie van hun toxicologie, anatomie, fysiologie en biotoop. Hiervoor wordt samengewerkt met de Chulalongkorn universiteit. Bezoekers kunnen er zien hoe men met slangen moet omgaan en krijgen demonstraties hoe ze gemolken kunnen worden. Ook het onderzoek naar serum wordt er bestudeerd. Specimen Anaconda Boa constrictor Brilslang Koningscobra Maleise mocassinslang Netpython Ptyas korros Witlipbamboeadder Xenopeltis unicolor
Flughafen Ranong

Der Flughafen Ranong (thailändisch ท่าอากาศยานแพร่; ICAO-Code: VTSR) ist ein Regionalflughafen. Er liegt in Ratchakrut, Amphoe Mueang Ranong in der Provinz Ranong, Südregion von Thailand. Siehe auch Liste der Flughäfen in Thailand Weblinks UNN Flughafen auf Flightstats.com Airport Data thaiflyingclub.com Flughafen Ranong bei aviation.go.th (auf Thai)
Ranong Airport

Ranong Airport (IATA: UNN, ICAO: VTSR) is in Ratchakrut subdistrict, Mueang Ranong district, Ranong province in southern Thailand. Location Ranong airport serves the province of Ranong in the southern part of the country, it is located 500 km from Bangkok. The airport is located in a flat area at an altitude of 17 m above sea level, from the east there is a mountain range, between it and the airport territory there is highway number 4. The highest point of this area is Mount Khao Nom Sao (1089 m), 6 km from the airport. History Construction started on 30 March 1993, completed on 18 May 1995. The first aircraft to be received by Ranong airport was a Boeing 737 with 150 passengers on board. The main terminal area is about 4 thousand square meters and is designed for 300 passengers. In 2019, the airport served 2,237 flights and 170 thousand passengers. Airlines and destinations As of January 2025, there are no international flights to Ranong. References External links Ranong travel guide from Wikivoyage Accident history for UNN at Aviation Safety Network
Aeroportul Ranong

Aeroportul Ranong (în thailandeză ท่าอากาศยานระนอง) (IATA: UNN, ICAO: VTSR) este un aeroport din Ratchakrut⁠(d), Districtul Mueang Ranong, Provincia Ranong, Thailanda ce deservește zona Districtul Mueang Ranong. Aeroportul a fost tranzitat în 2020 de 107.034 de pasageri. Situat la o altitudine de 17 m, aeroportul dispune de o singură pistă. Infrastructură Piste Terminale Note Vezi și
Ранонг (аэропорт)

Аэропорт Ранонг (тайск. ท่าอากาศยานระนอง) — аэропорт, обслуживающий город Ранонг в провинции Ранонг, Таиланд. Обслуживает только внутренние рейсы. Расположение Аэропорт обслуживает провинцию Ранонг в южной части страны и располагается в 500 км от Бангкока. Аэропорт расположен в равнинной местности на высоте 17 м над уровнем моря, но с востока проходит горный массив, между ним и территорией аэропорта проходит шоссе номер 4. Самая высокая точка — гора Кхаономсао (1089 м) в 6 км от аэропорта. История Начало строительства — 30 марта 1993 года, окончание — 18 мая 1995. Первым самолётом, который принял аэропорт Ранонг, был Boeing 737 с 150 пассажирами на борту. В 2019 году аэропорт обслужил 2237 рейсов и 170 тысяч пассажиров. Описание Площадь основного терминала составляет около 4 000 квадратных метров и рассчитана на 300 пассажиров. Авиалинии и направления Примечания
Horwang School

Horwang School (Thai: โรงเรียนหอวัง) is a state school located in Bangkok, Thailand. History After King Rama V appointed the Crown Prince to replace the role of the Na Palace, he appointed His Royal Highness Crown Prince Prince Maha Vajirunhis. His Majesty was pleased to build a palace in Pathumwan field called "Windsor Palace", commonly known as "Phra Tamnak Hor Wang" because it is a building with a high tower. After Vajirunhis died unexpectedly due to typhoid fever at the age of 16, the palace was converted from a residence to a school for the Civil Service of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn Has, who enshrined the school as Chulalongkorn University on March 26, 1916. In 1935, the Department of Physical Education entered into a land lease agreement in Wang Mai Subdistrict, and demolishing the university building to build a national stadium called Horwang Secondary School of Chulalongkorn University. Until 1938, Chulalongkorn University was temporarily moved to a new school building on Phayathai Road. After dissolving Horwang Secondary School, Triam Udom Suksa School was established to be consistent with the national education plan. In 1966, alumni from Horwang Secondary School of Chulalongkorn University came together to establish a High School Alumni Association for Chulalongkorn University and decided at a meeting of the board of directors that the school should be restored to be a gathering place for former students. This school was referred to as Bangkhen Wittaya School until the Ministry of Education was established on January 9, 1996. On January 31, 1968, the Ministry of Education announced that Bangkhen Witthaya School would be renamed to Horwang School effective from November 27, 1967. Horwang School has passed the third round of educational assessment from the Office of the Basic Education Commission. Upon accreditation in 2011, the assessment of educational quality was found to be 1 in 8 for special quality schools in Bangkok and 1 in 16 for special quality schools in Thailand. List of administrators References