NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Phra Pin-klao Bridge

The Somdet Phra Pinklao Bridge (Thai: สะพานสมเด็จพระปิ่นเกล้า, RTGS: Saphan Somdet Phra Pinklao, pronounced [sā.pʰāːn sǒm.dèt pʰráʔ pìn.klâːw], usually known simply as Pinklao Bridge) is a bridge near the Grand Palace over the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok, Thailand. It links Rattanakosin Island with Thonburi. Background The bridge is named after Pinklao, vice-king of Siam, 1851–1866. During its construction, the bridge was referred to as the Tha Chang Wang Na Bridge (Thai: สะพานท่าช้างวังหน้า). In June 1973, it was renamed the Somdej Phra Pinklao Bridge in honour of Prince Pinklao. The Chalerm Sawan 58 Bridge (Thai: สะพานเฉลิมสวรรค์ ๕๘) along two pedestrian bridges crossing the northern part of Khlong Khu Mueang Doem (Thai: คลองคูเมืองเดิม) had to be dismantled to make way for the new bridge and its access road. Construction of the bridge started on 4 August 1971. It was opened to traffic on 24 September 1973 by Prime Minister Thanom Kittikachorn. The bridge was built jointly by Obayashi Gumi Ltd. and Sumitomo Construction Co. Ltd under the supervision of Swiss Engineering Project (SEP) which acted as trustee for the Department of Public and Municipal Works (DPMW). The main drivers behind the construction of the bridge were: To alleviate the traffic congestion over and around the Memorial Bridge and to shorten travel time and cut costs To foster inter-city relations between Bangkok and Thonburi To facilitate the development in the vicinity of the bridge The Sa-nga Phanit Co., Ltd. (Thai: บริษัท สง่าพานิช จำกัด) was the main contractor for the Phan Phiphop Lila Bridge (Thai: สะพานผ่านพิภพลีลา) extension over Khlong Khu Mueang Doem (Thai: คลองคูเมืองเดิม)[a] to match the new bridge system at a cost of 6,880,000 baht. It is feared that the heavy traffic crossing Pinklao Bridge could cause structural damage to the old buildings on Ratchadamnoen Avenue. Some residents expressed their desire in 2010 to have the bridge dismantled mainly due to the air and noise pollution it brings to the old district of Bangkok. The Cheonggyecheon project in Seoul is given as an example of the positive effects the dismantlement could have. Water transport At the Thonburi side of the bridge, the pier serving the Phra Pin Klao Bridge (designated N12) for the Chao Phraya Express Boat was temporarily closed for renovation in 2024. During this period, boats had to stop at a nearby alternative pier located near a mu kratha restaurant. The pier reopened for service on July 3, 2024, at exactly 1:00 PM after the renovation was completed. Notes References External links Phra Pin Klao Bridge at Structurae YouTube video of Thanom Kittikachorn inspecting the construction of the Phra Pinklao Bridge in 1972 YouTube video of the construction of the Phra Pinklao Bridge in 1973
Ponte Phra Pinklao

Il ponte Phra Pinklao (in Thai: สะพานสมเด็จพระปิ่นเกล้า) è un ponte che si trova a Bangkok e attraversa il Chao Phraya vicino al Grande Palazzo Reale, unendo l'isola di Rattanakosin con Thonburi. Storia Il progetto Nella fase progettuale, il ponte era chiamato Tha Chang Wang Na (in lingua thai: สะพานท่าช้างวังหน้า) ma, nel giugno 1973, è stato intitolato al principe Pinklao, viceré del Siam tra il 1851 e il 1866. Chalerm Sawan 58 Per la creazione del ponte, si dovette smantellare il ponte Chalerm Sawan 58 (in thai สะพานเฉลิมสวรรค์ ๕๘). Quindi la costruzione del ponte iniziò il 4 agosto 1971 e il ponte fu aperto al traffico il 24 settembre 1973 dal primo ministro Thanom Kittikachorn. La costruzione Il ponte è stato costruito dalla società mista Obayashi Gumi e Sumitomo. Note Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Ponte Phra Pinklao Collegamenti esterni (EN) Ponte Phra Pinklao, su Structurae.
Phra Pinklao-brug

De Phra Pinklao-brug is een brug over de rivier de Menam in Bangkok (Thailand) vlak bij het Koninklijk Paleis van Bangkok. De naam van deze brug komt van Pinklao, vicekoning van Siam van 1851 tot 1866. De brug werd geopend op 24 september 1973. Externe link (en) Phra Pin Klao Bridge
Nakhon Ratchasima Sports Complex

His Majesty the King's 80th Birthday Anniversary, 5 December 2007, Sports Complex (Thai: ศูนย์กีฬาเฉลิมพระเกียรติ 80 พรรษา 5 ธันวา 2550), also known as the Nakhon Ratchasima Sports Complex, is a multi-use sports facility in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, that was built for the 2007 Southeast Asian Games which coincided with the 80th birthday of King Bhumibol Adulyadej, hence the name of the venue. History Completed on 2 July 2007 at a cost of US$65 million, the complex includes tennis courts, swimming pools, two indoor arenas (the Korat Chatchai Hall, used for volleyball and the smaller Liptapanlop Hall, used for gymnastics), a velodrome, a gym, a football training pitch complete with floodlights and a small stand, an office block, ticket sales booths, large parking areas, a large lake (not designed for sporting purposes) and the 80th Birthday Stadium, used for athletics and football. The athletes' village is not actually on the site, but is a kilometre further along Highway 304 by which the complex is situated. The complex was purpose-built for the 24th Southeast Asian Games and was also used for the ASEAN Para Games which was held shortly after the SEA Games finished. Unlike many such developments, the complex has not become a "White Elephant" in the time since the SEA Games. Many schools tournaments have been held there as has an international tennis tournament, a "masters" (older athletes) athletics tournament, and a friendly-cum-warm-up match played between the Thai national team and Nakhon Ratchasima XI. The 80th Birthday Stadium is also the home ground of Nakhon Ratchasima. who moved there from the Nakhon Ratchasima Municipal Stadium in June 2008. International football matches List of international football matches held at the Kuala Lumpur Stadium. References
His Majesty the King's 80th Birthday Anniversary, 5th December 2007 Sports Complex

His Majesty the King's 80th Birthday Anniversary, 5December 2007 Sports Complex (ook wel bekend als 333rd Anniversary Stadium) is een stadion in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, dat is gebouwd voor de 24ste Zuidoost-Aziatische Spelen en te ere van de 80ste verjaardag van koning Bhumibol Adulyadej. Het stadion was af op 2 juli 2007. Het wordt vooral gebruikt voor voetbalwedstrijden en werd gebruikt voor de openingsceremonie en de sluitingsceremonie van de Zuidoost-Aziatische Spelen 2007. In het stadion kunnen 20.000 mensen.
Ko Yao Yai

Ko Yao Yai (Thai: เกาะยาวใหญ่) is the larger of the two big islands in the Ko Yao Archipelago. The island group is in Phang Nga Bay in the Phang Nga Province of southern Thailand. Ko Yao Yai means 'big long island'. The other main island of the group is Ko Yao Noi ('little long island'), off Ko Yao Yai's north side and separated from it by a narrow sound. The two islands form Phang Nga's Ko Yao District. The population of Ko Yao is about 18,000 (2018). Ninety percent are Muslims. The area of the archipelago is 147 km2. It lies around 600 km south of Bangkok and about 50 km from Phuket or Phang Nga. Ko Yao Noi is more popular with visitors as it has more facilities. Legends say that the island of Ko Yao was split into two islands by battling sea serpents. References External links Phang Nga Bay map Koh Yao Yai Elephant Sanctuary (Koh Yao Elephant Care)
Ko Yao Yai

Ko Yao Yai es la mayor isla del archipiélago de Ko Yao.​ El grupo de islas se encuentra en la Bahía de Phang Nga, en la provincia de Phang Nga de Tailandia. Ko Yao Yai significa Isla Yao grande. La otra isla principal del grupo es Ko Yao Noi (Pequeña Isla Yao), ubicada a la salida lado norte de Ko Yao Yai y separada de ella por un estrecho. La población de Ko Yao Yai es de unos 8000 personas, mientras que la población de Ko Yao Noi es de 4500. El área del archipiélago es 137,6 km². Referencias Enlaces externos Mapa de la Isla
Siam Discovery Center

Siam Discovery is een winkelcentrum in het centrum van Bangkok, Thailand. Het is gelegen aan Thanon Rama I. Het is geopend in 1997 en telt 6 verdiepingen. Boven op het winkelcentrum is kantoorgebouw met 36 verdiepingen. Samen met het naastgelegen Siam Center heeft het meer dan 400+ winkels. Locatie Siam Discovery is gevestigd aan Thanon Rama 1, in het Pathum Wan district. Naar het winkelcentrum liggen Siam Center en Siam Paragon beide ook winkelcentra. Aan de overkant bevinden zich Siam Square en het MBK Center (in het Thais Mah-Boon-Krong). Transport Men kan het winkelcentrum bereiken via de Skytrain station National Stadion. Verder is er een parkeergarage van 11 verdiepingen voor zo'n 2000 auto's (Siam Carpark) Externe link Siam Center & Siam Discovery Center
Thonburi University

Thonburi University, previously named Thonburi College of Technology is located at 248 Phetkasem 110 Nongkhaengphlu, Nong Khaem District, Bangkok, Thailand. It was founded in 1998 in memory of Supachai Yamchuti, the founder of Mubankru Technological College. Mubankru Technological College was established in 1969 for offering a Diploma in Vocational Education (Por-Wor-Sor) program and is located on the same street as Thonburi University. The organisation structure body and the administration system of Thonburi University and Mubankru School were coordinated within a short period of time. Mubankru School of Technology became a prominent school then Ajarn Supachai Yamchuti wished to extend the educational branches of Mubankru. Gradually a branch of Mubankru was established in Lamphun Province in the northern part of Thailand. Ajarn Supachai aimed to further establish the foundation for higher education. With this aim in mind, Thonburi University was set up, with the main objective of imparting higher educational degree programs. Now the University has bachelor's degree Programs as well as master's degree Programs. The bachelor's degree Programs consists of the courses such as electrical, mechanical, industrial, business administration, business computer, information technology, management and accounting. The dream of the founder and organizer of Thonburi College of Technology was realized when the college was accepted as a fulfilled University on January 16, 2007. It offers master's degree program in Business Administration (MBA) in Chief Executive Officer (C.E.O), Industrial Management (I.M) and Marketing Management (M.M.). References External links Official website
Wat Maheyong

Wat Maheyong is a Buddhist temple in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya district, Thailand. It was originally built in 1438, during the reign of King Borommarachathirat II, and restored in 1711 by King Thai Sa. The major buildings in this temple are its chedi (stupa) and ubosot (ordination hall). The chedi's platform is supported by 80 sculpted elephants, and its ubosot is currently under worship. References
Bang Nam Phueng

Bang Nam Phueng (Thai: บางน้ำผึ้ง, pronounced [bāːŋ ná(ː)m pʰɯ̂ŋ]) is a tambon (sub-district) in Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province, central Thailand, known for local floating market. History & toponymy Its name "Bang Nam Phueng" literally translates to "place of honey". According to the stories of the elders who said that in the past, Bang Nam Phueng was full of perennials and a swarm of bees came to make the honeycomb. Locals therefore popularly offer food to monks with honey, regarded as the highest merit. Originally, Bang Nam Phueng had a much more spacious area but has divided the area into a new sub-district, Bang Kachao, making it smaller in size. According to historical evidence make believe that Bang Nam Phueng have at least 200 years of living inhabitants. Geography Bang Nam Phueng lies on the banks of the Chao Phraya River, on the oxbow or pork stomach-shaped meander known as Bang Kachao. It is about 5 km (3.1 mi) from downtown Phra Pradaeng along Phetchahung Road. The terrain is a lowland along the Chao Phraya River. It is a sedimentary area caused by the deposition of sediments in river and its tributaries. The soil is highly fertile, suitable for making various orchards. It has six natural canals, most of them short canals. They connected to the Chao Phraya River, the main waterway is Khlong Bang Nam Phueng, with a distance of approximately 1.5 km (0.9 mi). It is bounded by other subdistricts (from the north clockwise): Bang Ko Bua in its district, (across the Chao Phraya River) Phra Khanong Tai in Phra Khanong District and Bang Na Nuea with Bang Na Tai in Bang Na District of Bangkok, Samrong and Bang Krasop with Bang Yo in its district, respectively. Administration The entire area of Bang Nam Phueng is governed by Subdistrict Administrative Organization Bang Nam Phueng (SAO Bang Nam Phueng). The area also consists of 11 administrative muban (village). Population Most of the people are central Thais and Mons with some Chinese. People engaged in agriculture employed in industrial factories, private companies, government services and others. Places Bang Nam Phueng Floating Market Wat Bang Nam Phueng Nok Wat Bang Nam Phueng Nai Bang Nam Phueng Floating Market Bang Nam Phueng Floating Market (Thai: ตลาดน้ำบางน้ำผึ้ง, pronounced [tā.làːt ná(ː)m bāːŋ ná(ː)m pʰɯ̂ŋ]) is in Bang Nam Phueng Subdistrict, Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province adjacent to Wat Bang Nam Phueng Nai temple and considered as part of Bang Kachao, a good atmosphere area on bend of the Chao Phraya River. The market was inaugurated in 2004 by the local subdistrict authority to help locals move an oversupply of agricultural products. Its vendors limited to people from the community. The market is on a canal surrounded by a residential neighborhood. Products include commercial crops such as fruits and sweets, noodles, processed food, sea shells, dried shrimp, pickled shrimp, desserts, grain cakes, and fruit. Local products Mosquito repellent incense Water hyacinth handbag Homemade toilet cleaner Butterfly pea washing liquid Nam Dok Mai mango Cavendish banana Notes External links Official website
Siam Square

Siam Square (สยามสแควร์) è una zona di shopping e svago nell'area di Siam, nel distretto di Pathumwan, a Bangkok, in Thailandia, posseduta dall'Università Chulalongkorn. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Siam Square Collegamenti esterni (TH) Guida di Siam Square, su siam-square.com.
Siam Square

Siam Square (Thai: สยามสแควร์) is een plein en een winkelgebied in Bangkok. Het bevindt zich naast de Chulalongkorn-universiteit en de grond waarop het plein ligt is ook eigendom van deze universiteit. Siam Square is geen plein in de zin van het woord zoals in het Westen gebruikelijk is. Het is een rechthoekig gebied, maar dat is dan ook de enige vergelijking met een plein. Het is een gebied dat is volgebouwd met winkels en een paar kleine winkelcentra. Er bevinden zich honderden kleine winkeltjes met afmetingen van vaak slechts vier bij vier meter. Het gebied is vooral populair onder studenten en jongeren; de mode voor jongeren wordt dan ook bepaald door wat er op Siam Square door de jeugd gedragen wordt. Op Siam Square ligt ook het Center Point, een gebied met barretjes waar op een podium populaire artiesten optreden. MTV Thailand zendt regelmatig rechtstreeks uit vanuit Center Point. Verder bevinden zich op Siam Square een hardrockcafé en vele restaurants. Siam Square is te bereiken via het skytrainstation Siam. Siam Square ligt in het district Pathumwan en grenst aan de straten Henri Dunant, Rama I en Phaya Thai.
Siam Square

Siam Square สยามสแควร์, är shoppingområde som ligger i centrala Bangkok, Thailand. Det är ett modernt shoppingområde med flera stora varuhus som Siam Center, Siam Discovery Center, MBK Center och Siam Paragon. Vid Siam Square finns en rad affärer bokhandlar, internetcaféer, snabbmatsrestauranger och en del ambassader. Externa länkar Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Siam Square. Om Siam Square
Wat Lam Chang

Wat Lam Chang is a Buddhist temple in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. Situated in the old city, the temple was established at the beginning of the 14th century by King Mangrai, the first king of Lan Na (1296–1311) and founder of Chiang Mai. History A temple was known to have been constructed on the site during the 1300s by King Mangrai which later became known as Wat Lam Chang, meaning 'temple of the shackled elephants', referring to the location where elephants belonging to the royal household were kept. The current buildings are of recent construction although the remains of a chedi situated within the grounds is much older. Description Wat Lam Chang consists of a viharn built in the Lan Na style, with separate entrances for monks and worshippers in accordance with Lan Na tradition; an ubosot; a scripture depository; and two chedis–a Burmese style round chedi with elephants placed around its base and decorated with Thepphanom figures, and an old chedi with a square-shaped base made of brick and much dilapidated. Within the grounds are numerous statues of elephants. The temple is known for its large collection of historical Buddha images which is kept in the viharn behind a large iron grill. Amounting to around 200 images, they have come from former temples in Chiang Mai's old city which have since disappeared. References
Ko Phithak

Ko Phithak or Phithak Island (also spelled Koh Pitak, Thai: เกาะพิทักษ์, Thai pronunciation: [kɔ̀ʔ pʰí.tʰák], lit. "Protect Island") is a small island in Thailand, in Chumphon Province on the eastern shore of the Gulf of Thailand. The island has an area of about 1.1392 km2 (712 rai) and there are about 42 households. Most of the local people are Buddhists who earn money by exporting seafood. Other sources of income include growing coconut trees, which explains why the island has many coconut trees. The residents make coconut juice to sell to tourists and to export. Phitak Island is close to the coast and the all flat areas are coconut plantations, so there is no room to build a school or a temples. Tourists can walk everywhere because footpaths are laid out along around the island. The Ko Phitak community is known as an excellent environmental conservation community, which is particularly known for its giant clam conservation center. History In the past, neighboring people called this island "Phi Tak" (Thai: ผีทัก), which means "ghost greeting". There is a story about a fisherman who sailed a boat to catch fish near the island. He said that he saw a human shadow waving a hand and yelling out something to him, so he sailed the boat to the island, but there was nothing. After that, the island had been named Phi Tak, as people thought that the shadow was a ghost. Then, some people from the coast, who were not afraid of the ghost story, emigrated to the island. Finally, the name of the island was changed to "Phi Thak" (Thai: พิทักษ์) which means "protect" because the people who lived there wanted to change the name to be more auspicious. Tourism Each year, Ko Phithak welcomes more than 100,000 visitors. The local people live in wooden houses built along the coast with high spaces underneath to allow the flow of the tides. The villagers take care of each other, and the tradition of "song keang" (Thai: ส่งแกง) (sharing homemade dish with others) still exists in the island. The west side to the south side of the island has most houses because the mountain in the east blocks the prevailing wind. The best beach is on the east side, called "peace of eastern" beach, 400 m long with clear water. The north of the island has a lot of viewpoints, 200 meters in height, and small rest pavilions. The annual marathon walking activity during ebb tide season is well known in Chumphon Province. This activity is carried out by people in Lang Suan and some non-local people by walking from Pak Nam (lit., estuary) to the island in order to promote unity of community and health. There are several good diving sites nearby. Among them are Ko Ngam Yai, Ko Ngam Noi and Ko Rang Ka Chiu, part of Mu Ko Chumphon National Park, which covers 317 square km and has a sea area of 165,969 rai. See also List of islands of Thailand References External links http://www.kohpitakthai.com/เกี่ยวกับเกาะพิทักษ์.php http://www.manager.co.th/Travel/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9560000074930 Article title
Ko Phithak

Ko Phithak, thailändska เกาะพิทักษ์, är en liten ö i provinsen Chumphon, i Thailand. Geografi Ko Phithak ligger i Södra Thailand, vid Thailandvikens östra sida, i provinsen (changwat) Chumphon. Ön ligger nära fastlandet och är en dryg kvadratkilometer stor (1,1392 km2) och har ungefär 100 invånare. Invånarna har sin utkomst framför allt av fiske, men det finns också stora odlingar av kokospalmer på ön. Förutom export av koksnötter tillverkas också kokosmjölk till försäljning och export. Ko Phitak har renommé för sitt miljöskydd och arbetar bland annat för jättemusslans bevarande. Turism Lokalbefolkningen bor i trähus längs kusten, med hus som står högt ovanför vattenlinjen, för att gå fria från tidvattnet. "Song keang" (ส่งแกง) är en tradition på ön som innebär att man delar maträtter mellan varandras hushåll. Bebyggelsen finns på södra och västra sidan av ön med berg i öster som skyddar mot den ihållande vinden. På norra delen av ön finns fina utsiktspunkter, 200 meter över havet. Ön är känd för sin årliga marathonvandring, som går av stapeln vid lågvatten, när stadsbor i Lang Suan vandrar ut till ön via Pak Nam. Det finns gott om bra dykställen I närheten av Ko Phithak, bland andra Ko Ngam Yai, Ko Ngam Noi och Ko Rang Ka Chiu som alla tillhör Mu Ko Chumphons nationalpark, en nationalpark som omfattar 317 kvadratkilometer. Ko Phithak besöks årligen av mer än 100 000 turister. Etymologi Förr i tiden kallade befolkningen i provinsen ön för "Phi Tak" (ผีทัก), som betyder "spökhälsningen". Namnet har sin upprinnelse i berättelsen om en fiskare som fiskade i öns närhet. Han berättade att han sett skuggan av en människa som vinkade och ropade någonting på avstånd, så han seglade närmare, men skuggan var försvunnen. Ön kom att kallas Phi Tak eftersom skuggan sades ha varit ett spöke. Så småningom blev ön befolkad från fastlandet och dess invånare började då kalla ön "Phi Thak" (พิทักษ์), vilket betyder "skyddad", möjligtvis med tanke på samma spöke. Ko Phithak betyder med andra ord "skyddad ö". Klimat Det tropiska klimatet i Thailand är ett sommarmonsunklimat, med kraftiga monsunregn från maj till oktober och torrtid från oktober till maj. Det är svalast i slutet av regntiden och början på torrtiden. I slutet av torrtiden kan det vara 34–37 grader varmt. Referenser Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från engelskspråkiga Wikipedia, Ko Phithak, 30 januari 2018. Noter