NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Endstead

Endstead is a historic house in Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa built in 1903 by Ernest Willmot Sloper for his own use. The original property has been sub-divided; the only major changes to the house have been the addition of a double garage by Tony Bentel, an enlarged kitchen 1920 by Solomon and Marshall, a garage by Marshall and Fleming that replaced the stables in 1923 and a swimming pool plus pool change rooms. Description Enstead was built with local materials: koppie stone and timber shingles. The house has panoramic views across the ridge, and the property was integrated into the ridge landscape with a terraced garden showcasing indigenous shrubs and plants. The rooms are spacious and well lit by natural daylight. Timber panelling, doors and fitted furniture inside the house have pegged joints. Many original features of the interior are intact and the terraced garden has been retained as an indigenous garden. Heritage status Enstead was nominated as a Heritage site by the Johannesburg Heritage Foundation and was awarded heritage status by Provincial Heritage Resources Authority Gauteng in February 2016. Endstead is described as having: high aesthetic value high historical value high associative value, being associated with architect Ernest Sloper, and the architectural practice of Baker, Masey & Sloper high degree of intactness both to the exterior and interior, which is rare in houses over 100 years old fine example of an Arts & Crafts style house from the early 1900s References
Ruyterwacht

Ruyterwacht is a northern suburb of Cape Town, South Africa, bordering the industrial area of Epping and the formerly Cape Coloured neighborhood of Elsie's River as well as the GrandWest Casino. Eppingtuin ("Epping Garden Village"), as Ruyterwacht was once known, began as a subsidized housing project for underprivileged/poor white South Africans which has now been seized by a property company Communicare which has unlawfully sold the subsidized social housing and evicted poor families. In its early years as an independent township, it was administered by the Urban Housing Bureau under the Cape Town Divisional Council. Ons gemeentelike feesalbum (1951) includes an article on the Eppingtuin Reformed Church on the neighborhood's founding: "On September 7, 1938, the Centenary Year [of the Great Trek] seventy families descended from Voortrekkers moved in among the luxuriant pines and crawling wildlife. Descended from sturdy Afrikaner stock, they swelled to several hundred in a matter of months." The church hall of the mother congregation in Ruyterwacht is named after Zerilda Steyn, chairwoman of the Urban Housing Association (Afrikaans: Stedelike Behuisingsbond) from 1945 to her death in 1963. Sources Olivier, Rev. P.L. (compiler) (1952). Ons gemeentelike feesalbum. Cape Town/Pretoria: N.G. Kerk-uitgewers. Potgieter, D.J. (ed.) (1972). Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Nasionale Opvoedkundige Uitgewery (Nasou). References
IThemba LABS

iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (or iThemba LABS; Xhosa: iThemba, lit. 'Hope') is a scientific research centre with plants at Faure near Cape Town and on the Wits Campus in Johannesburg. The organisation has in the past been known as the National Accelerator Centre, and specialises in the use of particle accelerators. The main research fields involve the production of medical radioisotopes for the treatment of cancer, material sciences, nuclear fission experiments, development of new accelerator technology and the real-time treatment of cancer patients through proton and neutron therapy. The mass spectrometry unit was opened by South Africa's Science and Technology Minister Naledi Pandor in 2014. In 2018 a conference was held to mark ten years of a collaboration programme with CERN. The main plant near Cape Town houses a number of accelerators that are used for various research purposes. Materials and biological studies are mainly served by a Van der Graaff accelerator, while nuclear physics research and radioisotope production make use of a number of cyclotrons. The main cyclotron, is a K = 200 open sector cyclotron (OSS) and is fed by two pre-accelerators. The OSS is designed to produce protons at 200MeV. The preamplifiers are solid pole cyclotrons (SPS) and produce 8MeV proton beams. References External links http://tlabs.ac.za/
Lotus Gardens

Lotus Gardens is a small suburb situated next to Atteridgeville in the west of Pretoria. Lotus Gardens, initially referred to as "Dairy Farm", was planned as an Indian township by the apartheid government, under the Group Areas Act, in order to relieve housing pressure in Laudium, and the first cohort of Indian residents moved in during the early 1990s, with children initially bused to schools in Laudium. However, by this time, segregated housing had been abolished, and Lotus Gardens became a mixed community, and by 2011, it had a population that was 80% black African. The township is separated from Atteridgeville by the M4 Magalies Freeway. After the RDP section was built since 2011, there is Lotus Gardens clinic, and now they also have a Shell garage and an Engen garage. They are serviced by the Pretoria west police staion. Schools Lotus secondary School Fusion High School Omar HS Ebrahim Primary School S.k Moseneke primary School Bagale Primary School Brindhaven Primary School References
Egyptian Building (Cape Town)

The Egyptian Building is the home of University of Cape Town's Michaelis School of Fine Art on that school's campus on Orange Street in Cape Town, South Africa. After its foundation on October 1, 1829, the South African Athenaeum (also known as the South African College and the forerunner of the UCT as well as the South African College Schools secondary and primary institutions) was for a while housed in an orphanage 'Weeshuis' at the end of Long Street. This unsatisfactory situation continued until the late 1830s, when Governor Sir Benjamin D'Urban granted a plot of land to the school that had once housed a zoo at the end of Government Avenue in Company's Garden for use while a new building was constructed. The land could be accessed from Government Avenue through Leeuepoort, built by Louis Michel Thibault and Anton Anreith. The college English professor, James Constantine Adamson, made a rough sketch of the building in the then-popular Egyptian Revival architecture style. Col. G.G. Lewis of the Royal Engineers adopted the proposal and expanded on it once finished with the old military hospital. When construction began on the new building, the site was still surrounded by the abandoned cages that once held animals for Capetonians' entertainment. It had apparently broken down by the time Prof. Adamson opened the college on April 13, 1841. The construction cost £3,000, but the new building was a major improvement on the cramped conditions on Long Street. The history of the building is well described in the Cape Town History Site. Bibliography (nl) Dreyer, Rev. Andries. 1910. Historisch Album van de Nederduitsche Gereformeerde Kerk in Suid-Afrika. Cape Town: Cape Times Beperkt. (af) Hopkins, Dr. H.C. 1965. Die Moeder van ons Almal. Geskiedenis van die Gemeente Kaapstad, 1665–1965. Cape Town/Pretoria: N.G. Kerk-Uitgewers en -Boekhandel. Picton-Seymour, Désirée. 1989. Historical buildings in South Africa. Cape Town: Struikhof Publishers. Whiteford, R. in Peacock, M.A. 1972. Some famous South African Schools, vol. I: English-medium boys' high schools. Cape Town: Longman Southern Africa. References External links Site by Egyptian Building, at SAHRA
Западен Коуст

Западен Коуст (на английски: West Coast, в превод Западен бряг) е окръг в Република Южна Африка. Намира се в южната част на провинция Западен Кейп Площта му е 31 101 кв. км. Административен център е град Моореесбьорг. Административно деление Окръга се поделя на 5 общини и 1 окръжен административен район. Население 267 590 (2001) Расов състав (2001) 204 726 (72,43%)- цветнокожи 49 383 (17,47%)- бели 27 777 (9,83%)- черни 781 (0,28%)- азиатци Езици Говорими езици са: африкаанс (89,1%), кхоса (7,4%), английски (2,3%) Външни препратки
West Coast (Südafrika)

West Coast (englisch West Coast District Municipality, afrikaans Weskus-distriksmunisipaliteit, deutsch: „Westküste“) ist ein Distrikt innerhalb der südafrikanischen Provinz Westkap. Der Sitz der Distriktverwaltung befindet sich in Moorreesburg. Bürgermeister ist John Harold Cleophas. Der Name des Distrikts beschreibt dessen geografische Lage, er umfasst die Westküste der Provinz Western Cape. Gliederung Die Distriktgemeinde wird von folgenden Lokalgemeinden gebildet: Bergrivier Matzikama Saldanha Bay Swartland Cederberg Nachbargebiete Nachbardistrikte bzw. angrenzende Metropolgemeinde sind: Namakwa, Provinz Nordkap Cape Winelands Metropolgemeinde Kapstadt Demografie Im Jahr 2011 hatte der Distrikt 391.766 Einwohner in 106.781 Haushalten auf einer Gesamtfläche von 31.118,67 km². Davon waren 66,58 % Coloureds, 16,36 % schwarz, 15,71 % weiß, 0,56 % Asiaten bzw. Inder und 0,79 % andere. Weblinks Website des Distrikts. (englisch) Einzelnachweise
District de West Coast

Le district de West Coast (Weskus-distriksmunisipaliteit en afrikaans, West Coast District Municipality en anglais) est un district municipal d'Afrique du Sud, situé sur la côte atlantique à l'ouest de la province du Cap-Occidental. Il est divisé en 5 municipalités locales. La capitale du district est Moorreesburg. Les langues les plus communément parlées par les 391 766 habitants sont l’afrikaans (83,7 %), le Xhosa (8,6 %) et l’anglais sud-africain (4 %). Municipalités locales Le district regroupe les municipalités locales suivantes : Principales villes Les principales villes de West Coast sont Vredenburg, Saldanha, Malmesbury et Vredendal. Démographie (2011) Politique Le conseil de district comprend 24 conseillers dont dix élus au scrutin proportionnel sur liste et quatorze nommés par les conseils municipaux des municipalités locales (deux par le conseil municipal de Matzikama, deux par celui de Bergrivier, deux par celui de Cederberg, quatre par celui de Swartland et quatre par celui de Saldanha Bay). Le district est un bastion de l'Alliance démocratique qui a renforcé sa majorité lors des élections municipales sud-africaines de 2016. Liste des maires Références Liens externes Site officiel Portail de l’Afrique du Sud
Municipalità distrettuale di West Coast

La municipalità distrettuale di West Coast (in inglese West Coast District Municipality) è un distretto della provincia del Capo Occidentale e il suo codice di distretto è DC01. La sede amministrativa e legislativa è la città di Moorreesburg e il suo territorio si estende su una superficie di 31 101 km² ed in base al censimento del 2001 la sua popolazione è di 282.673 abitanti. Geografia fisica Confini La municipalità distrettuale di West Coast confina a nord e a est con quella di Namakwa (Provincia del Capo Settentrionale), a est e a sud con quella di Cape Winelands, a sud con il municipio metropolitano di Città del Capo e a ovest con l'Oceano atlantico. Suddivisione amministrativa Il distretto è suddiviso in 5 municipalità locali: Matzikama Cederberg Swartland Saldanha Bay Bergrivier Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Municipalità distrettuale di West Coast Wikivoyage contiene informazioni turistiche su Municipalità distrettuale di West Coast Collegamenti esterni Sito ufficiale, su westcoastdm.co.za. (EN) Sito ufficiale, su westcoastdm.co.za. Municipal Demarcation Board, su demarcation.org.za. URL consultato il 1º maggio 2009 (archiviato dall'url originale il 26 aprile 2009).
Weskus

District Weskus (Afrikaans: Weskus Distriksmunisipaliteit, Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili soNxweme oluseNtshona, Engels: West Coast District Municipality) is een district in Zuid-Afrika. Het omvat de westelijke kuststreek van de provincie West-Kaap en telt 282.673 inwoners. Met een oppervlakte van circa 31.000 km² is het district even groot als België. Gemeenten in het district Bergrivier Cederberg Matzikama Saldanhabaai Swartland Weblinks Gedetailleerde kaart van District Weskus (PDF, ca. 1 MB)
Observatori Unió

L'Observatori Unió (anglès: Union Observatory) és un antic observatori astronòmic situat a Johannesburg, Sud-àfrica, que va mantenir la seva activitat des de la seva fundació en 1903 fins a 1971. Figura a la Llista de Codis d'Observatoris del Minor Planet Center amb el codi 078. Història L'observatori va tenir diversos noms seguint l'evolució política del país. Va ser fundat en 1903 amb el nom de Departament Meteorològic de Transvaal (Transvaal Meteorological Department). En 1909 va ser canviat a Observatori de Transvaal (Transvaal Observatory) i amb prou feines tres anys després a Observatori Unió que és el que ha dut durant més temps i pel qual és més conegut. Finalment en 1961 va ser canviat a Observatori Republic (Republic Observatory) fins a 1971. Fins al 1910 la principal tasca de l'observatori va ser meteorològica amb una petita part del seu temps dedicat a l'astronomia. En 1907 es va instal·lar el primer telescopi, un refractor de 23 cm d'obertura, posteriorment anomenat Telescopi Reunert. En 1923 es va arribar a un acord amb l'Observatori de Leiden, Països Baixos per a l'intercanvi de materials i investigadors. Nombrosos astrònoms neerlandesos es van instal·lar a Sud-àfrica i eventualment, en 1954, es va erigir l'Observatori Sud de Leiden, en la localitat de Hartebeespoort, fugint de la pol·lució lumínica de Johannesburg, i tot i que encara que era virtualment autònom, depenia funcionalment de l'Observatori Unió. A l'Observatori Unió es van desenvolupar programes d'observació d'estels binaris, catalogant-se 20.000 i descobrint-se 6.000 d'aquest tipus d'estels. Així mateix es van descobrir fins a 1938 gairebé 600 asteroides. El fet més recordat és el descobriment de Proxima Centauri, l'estel més proper al Sol, descobert pel director de l'observatori Robert Innes en 1915. En els anys 1960 el problema de la pol·lució lumínica afectava els tres principals observatoris astronòmics de Sud-àfrica, l'Observatori Radcliffe, a Pretòria, el Reial Observatori del Cap, a Ciutat del Cap, i l'Observatori Unió, per la qual cosa les autoritats sud-africanes van determinar en 1971 fusionar les instal·lacions dels tres observatoris i traslladar-los a un nou emplaçament, en Sutherland, a la Província Septentrional del Cap, i a una seu central situada a Ciutat del Cap per formar el nou Observatori Astronòmic de Sud-àfrica, (SAAO). Referències Enllaços externs «Societat Astronòmica de Sud-àfrica». Arxivat de l'original el 2012-02-01. [Consulta: 15 juny 2018].
Union-Observatorium

Das Union-Observatorium (englisch Union Observatory, Republic Observatory, Johannesburg Observatory) war eine Sternwarte im Vorort Observatory von Johannesburg in Südafrika. Es trägt den Sternwarten-Code 078. Der Name wurde im Laufe der Zeit mehrmals geändert. 1903 als Transvaal Meteorological Department auf dem Observatory Ridge gegründet, war es von 1909 bis 1912 unter dem Namen Transvaal Observatory bekannt, darauf trug es von 1912 bis 1961 die Bezeichnung Union Observatory, um dann in Republic Observatory umbenannt zu werden. Aufgrund der steigenden Lichtverschmutzung im Umfeld von Johannesburg erfolgte 1971 die Schließung. Zur gleichen Zeit beschloss die südafrikanische Regierung, die gesamte astronomische Forschung unter dem Dach des South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) zusammenzufassen. Die wichtigsten Teleskope wurden in die Beobachtungsstation der SAAO in Sutherland verbracht. Das Radcliffe Observatory in Pretoria fiel dieser Entscheidung gleichfalls zum Opfer. Eine der wichtigsten je am Union-Observatorium gemachten Beobachtungen war die Entdeckung von Proxima Centauri im Jahre 1915 durch den damaligen Direktor Robert Innes. Weblink Republic Observatory. auf www.assa.saao.ac.za (englisch)
Observatorio Union

El Observatorio Union (en inglés: Union Observatory) es un antiguo observatorio astronómico situado en Johannesburgo, Sudáfrica, que mantuvo su actividad desde su fundación en 1903 hasta 1971. Figura en la Lista de Códigos de Observatorios del Minor Planet Center con el código 078.​ Historia El observatorio tuvo varios nombres siguiendo la evolución política del país. Fue fundado en 1903 con el nombre de Departamento Meteorológico de Transvaal (Transvaal Meteorological Department). En 1909 fue cambiado a Observatorio de Transvaal (Transvaal Observatory) y apenas tres años después a Observatorio Union que es el que ha llevado durante más tiempo y por el que es más conocido. Por último en 1961 fue cambiado a Observatorio Republic (Republic Observatory) hasta 1971. Hasta 1910 la principal tarea del observatorio fue meteorológica con una pequeña parte de su tiempo dedicada a la astronomía. En 1907 se instaló el primer telescopio, un refractor de 23 cm de apertura, posteriormente llamado Telescopio Reunert. En 1923 se llegó a un acuerdo con el Observatorio de Leiden, Países Bajos para el intercambio de materiales e investigadores. Numerosos astrónomos neerlandeses se instalaron en Sudáfrica y finalmente, en 1954, se erigió el Observatorio Sur de Leiden, en la localidad de Hartebeespoort, huyendo de la polución luminosa de Johannesburgo, y aunque era virtualmente autónomo, dependía funcionalmente del Observatorio Union. En el Observatorio Union se desarrollaron programas de observación de estrellas binarias, catalogándose 20.000 y descubriéndose 6000 de este tipo de estrellas. Asimismo se descubrieron hasta 1938 casi 600 asteroides. El hecho más recordado es el descubrimiento de Próxima Centauri, la estrella más cercana al Sol, descubierta por el director del observatorio Robert Innes en 1915. En los años 1960 el problema de la polución luminosa afectaba a los tres principales observatorios astronómicos de Sudáfrica, el Observatorio Radcliffe, en Pretoria, el Real Observatorio del Cabo, en Ciudad del Cabo, y el Observatorio Union, por lo que las autoridades sudafricanas determinaron en 1971 fusionar las instalaciones de los tres observatorios y trasladarlas a un nuevo emplazamiento, en Sutherland, en la Provincia Septentrional del Cabo, y a una sede central situada en Ciudad del Cabo para formar el nuevo Observatorio Astronómico de Sudáfrica, (SAAO). Referencias Enlaces externos Sociedad Astronómica de Sudáfrica.
Observatoire de l'Union

L'observatoire de l'Union (en anglais Union Observatory) est un ancien observatoire astronomique situé dans le faubourg Observatory (en) à Johannesbourg, en Afrique du Sud. Il porte le code UAI 078. Histoire Ce qui allait devenir l'Observatoire de l'Union est créé en 1903 sous le nom de Département de météorologie du Transvaal (en anglais Transvaal Meteorological Department). En 1909, le département devient l'Observatoire du Transvaal (Transvaal Observatory). Renommé Observatoire de l'Union (Union Observatory) en 1912, il devient l'Observatoire de la République (Republic Observatory) en 1961. Renommé pour la qualité de ses directeurs, de ses recherches sur les astéroïdes et la découverte de Proxima Centauri, des problèmes de pollution lumineuse croissante à Johannesbourg conduisirent à sa fermeture en 1971-1972. À cette époque, le gouvernement sud-africain décida de regrouper toute la recherche astronomique dans un seul organisme, qui devint connu sous le nom d'Observatoire astronomique sud-africain (South African Astronomical Observatory, SAAO) ; son siège se trouve au Cap et sa station d'observation à Sutherland dans la province de Cap-du-Nord. Les principaux télescopes du Cap furent déplacés à Sutherland, et l'observatoire Radcliffe à Pretoria fut aussi démantelé. Directeurs Ses directeurs successifs furent : Robert Innes 1903-1927 Harry Edwin Wood 1927-1941 Willem Hendrik van den Bos 1941-1956 William Stephen Finsen 1957-1965 Jan Hers 1965-1971 Liens externes (en) Republic Observatory (en) Johannesburg Centre (en) The Union Observatory, Johannesburg Portail des sciences Portail de l’astronomie Portail de Johannesbourg
Union Observatory

L'Union Observatory (Osservatorio Union) era un osservatorio astronomico situato a Johannesburg, in Sudafrica. Conosciuto inizialmente come Transval Observatory, diventò nel 1961 Republic Observatory; l'osservatorio è noto soprattutto per gli studi compiuti sugli asteroidi e per la scoperta di Proxima Centauri. A causa dell'aumento dell'inquinamento luminoso, l'osservatorio fu chiuso nel 1972. Il governo sudafricano decise successivamente di fondere tutte le ricerche astronomiche in un'unica struttura operativa, chiamata South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO); il centro operativo si trova a Città del Capo, con diversi dislocamenti a Sutherland, dove furono poi concentrati molti strumenti. Note Collegamenti esterni www.saao.ac.za/assa/html/his-pl-obs_-_republic.html, su saao.ac.za. URL consultato il 21 ottobre 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 20 settembre 2004). http://www.saao.ac.za/assa/html/assa_johannesburg_centre.html, su saao.ac.za. URL consultato il 21 ottobre 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 agosto 2008). https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v147/n3738/abs/147772c0.html, su nature.com.
Observatório União

O Observatório União (em inglês: Union Observatory) foi um antigo observatório astronômico situado em Joanesburgo, África do Sul. É portador do código IAU 078. História Anteriormente conhecido como Observatório Transvaal até 1912, tornou-se o Observatório República em 1961. Bem lembrado pela qualidade de seus diretores, estudou os corpos menores e fez a descoberta da Proxima Centauri, os problemas da crescente poluição luminosa em Joanesburgo levou ao seu encerramento, em 1971-1972. Naquela época, o governo sul-africano decidiu agrupar todas as pesquisas astronômicas em um só corpo, que mais tarde ficou conhecido como o Observatório Astronômico Sul-Africano (SAAO); Tem a sua sede na Cidade do Cabo e também tem atividades em Sutherland. Os principais telescópios do Cabo foram movidos para Sutherland, e o Observatório Radcliffe em Pretória também foi desmantelado. O Observatório União passou por uma série de mudanças de nome: Departamento Meteorológico de Transvaal 1903-1909 Observatório Transvaal 1909-1912 Observatório União 1912-1961 Observatório República 1961-1971 Seus diretores foram: Robert Innes 1903–1927 Harry Edwin Wood 1927–1941 Willem Hendrik van den Bos 1941–1956 William Stephen Finsen 1957–1965 Jan Hers 1965–1971 Referências Ligações externas Johannesburg Centre http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v147/n3738/abs/147772c0.html
Республиканская обсерватория Йоханнесбурга

Республиканская обсерватория Йоханнесбурга (англ. Union Observatory или Transvaal Observatory) — ныне закрытая астрономическая обсерватория, расположенная в пригороде Йоханнесбурга, ЮАР. История Изначально обсерватория носила название: Трансваальская Обсерватория, но впоследствии, в 1961 году, была переименована в республиканскую. В обсерватории велись исследования астероидов. Из наиболее значимых открытий можно выделить открытие Проксима Центавры. Ухудшение условий наблюдения в Йоханнесбурге, привели к закрытию обсерватории в 1971—1972. Тогда южноафриканское правительство решило объединить все астрономические исследования в одной организации, которая позже стала известна, как Южноафриканская астрономическая обсерватория (SAAO); штаб расположен в Кейптауне. Главные телескопы были перемещены в Сазерленд. С 1938 по 1954 года на территории Республиканской обсерватории Йоханнесбурга размещалась Лейденская южная станция. Республиканская обсерватория была несколько раз переименована: Трансваальский метеорологический отдел (англ. Transvaal Meteorological Department) 1903—1909 Обсерватория Трансвааля (англ. Transvaal Observatory) 1909—1912 Обсерватория Союза (англ. Union Observatory) 1912—1961 Республиканская обсерватория (англ. Republic Observatory) 1961—1971 Руководители обсерватории Роберт Иннес 1903—1927 Гарри Эдвин Вуд 1927—1941 В. Х. ван ден Бос 1941—1956 William Stephen Finsen 1957—1965 Jan Hers 1965—1971 Сотрудники обсерватории Кирилл Джексон Ссылки Обсерватория Йоханнесбурга