NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Hoërskool C.R. Swart

Hoërskool Staatpresident C.R. Swart (lycée du Président de l’État C.R. Swart) également appelé Hoërskool C.R. Swart est un établissement scolaire public d'enseignement secondaire de langue afrikaans, situé dans le quartier résidentiel de Waverley à Pretoria en Afrique du Sud. Historique Origines La création d'un lycée de langue afrikaans à Koedoespoort fut annoncé en 1957 par le comité exécutif de la province du Transvaal, chargé de l'éducation mais c'est en 1966 seulement que l'école fut achevée. Ouvert en 1961, le lycée prend en 1962 le nom de Charles Swart, le premier président de l'Afrique du Sud, alors encore en fonction. Les armoiries personnelles du président sud-africain sont notamment incorporées au blason de l'école. De nos jours Réservé aux blancs sous l'apartheid, le lycée C.R. Swart s'est ouvert aux autres populations sud-africaines depuis la fin de la ségrégation dans les établissements scolaires en 1991. Liens externes Site officiel Portail de l’Afrique du Sud
Jameson Park and Rose Garden

Jameson Park and Rose Garden is a rose garden located in Durban, South Africa. Once being a pineapple plantation, it currently possesses about 200 species of roses which are prominent in the South African Spring months of September to November. Jameson Park is open publicly every day of the year and is completely free of cost. The park is now famous for its display of blooms unsurpassed in beauty and variety and is ample proof that roses flourish in a humid subtropical climate.[1] External links City of Durban official website https://www.sa-venues.com/things-to-do/kwazulunatal/mitchell-park-and-jameson-park/
KaXu Solar One

KaXu Solar One (KXSO) is a concentrated solar thermal plant located in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, NE from the town of Pofadder, Khâi-Ma Local Municipality. KaXu Solar One is a 100 megawatt (MW) parabolic trough plant and covers an area of 1,100 hectares (2,718 acres). The KXSO collector surface is more than 800,000 m2 (8,600,000 ft2) with a full-load molten salt storage capacity of 2.5 hours. The project is developed by the Spanish company Abengoa, and financed with help from Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) and Community Trust group. The name comes from Khoekhoe: !Ka xu //nu, lit. 'The whole sky'. See also List of solar thermal power stations Solar thermal energy List of power stations in South Africa References
Khi Solar One

Khi Solar One (KSO) is a solar power tower solar thermal power plant, located in the Northern Cape Region of South Africa. Khi Solar One is 50 megawatts (MW), and is the first solar tower plant in Africa. It covers an area of 140 hectares (346 acres). Abengoa claims that Khi Solar One is the first thermal solar tower plant in Africa and the first to achieve 24 hours of operation using only solar energy. This is made possible by reduced electricity demand at night, as the plant's storage system can provide full output for only two hours. The KSO is an evolution of the PS10 and PS20 projects, operating since 2007 and 2009 respectively in Spain. KSO solar field is made of more than 4,000 heliostats, totaling up to 576,800 m2 (6,209,000 ft2) of mirror surface, focusing solar energy on a boiler located on top a centralized 205-metre-high (673 ft) tower. KSO uses a superheated steam cycle that should be able to reach a maximum operating temperature of 530 °C. Accumulated saturated steam is also used to provide up to two hours of thermal storage at the plant. KSO condenser is cooled with a dry cooling system, a natural draft condenser that uses towers to distribute air across fin blades in order to dissipate heat. The project has been developed by the Spanish company Abengoa, and the project was financed with help from Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) and community group, Khi Community Trust. Accident In November 2014, a crane collapse on site during construction killed two and injured seven. The accident was largely responsible for the project commencing commercial operation fourteen months later than scheduled. Gallery Abengoa Bankruptcy In November 2015, Abengoa started insolvency proceedings. Khi Solar One is one of the assets which Abengoa could be looking to sell. On 27 December 2016, Abengoa received a “Provisional Acceptance Certificate”, officially handing the plant to its owner Khi Solar One Pty Ltd. Abengoa has a 51% stake, Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) has a 29% stake and Khi Community Trust has a 20% stake in that society. Abengoa will take on the operation and maintenance of the plant. The plant output is sold to grid operator Eskom under a 20-year PPA (Power Purchase Agreement). Khi Solar One demonstrated in early 2016, up to 24 consecutive hours of operation. See also List of power stations in South Africa List of solar thermal power stations Solar thermal energy References
Khi Solar One

Khi Solar One (KSO) est une centrale électrique à tour solaire thermique située dans la province du Cap-Nord, à Upington, en Afrique du Sud, d'une puissance de 50 MW. C'est la première centrale à tour solaire d'Afrique du Sud. Descriptif Khi Solar One est la première centrale à tour solaire d'Afrique du Sud. Selon Abengoa, il s'agit de la première centrale thermique solaire en Afrique et de la première centrale à fonctionner pendant 24 heures avec la seule énergie solaire, mais cela n'est possible que grâce à la baisse de la demande d'énergie pendant la nuit ; à pleine puissance, le stockage ne dure que deux heures. C'est une évolution des centrales PS10 et PS20, qui fonctionnent respectivement depuis 2007 et 2009 en Espagne. Le champ des miroirs solaires comprend 4 000 unités qui couvrent 57,68 ha ; ils concentrent l'énergie solaire vers le sommet d'une tour de 205 m de hauteur. KSO utilise un dispositif à vapeur surchauffée qui lui permet d'atteindre une température de 530 °C. La vapeur surchauffée accumulée fournit deux heures de stockage thermique. Elle est refroidie par un système de condensation à sec, à tirage naturel, qui utilise des tours pour dissiper la chaleur. Le projet a été développé par la compagnie espagnole Abengoa, et il a été financé avec l'aide de l'Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) et du groupe communautaire Khi Community Trust. Accident En novembre 2014, une grue s'effondre durant la construction, tuant deux personnes et en blessant sévèrement sept autres. Cet accident est largement responsable du retard de quatorze mois de la mise en service opérationnel. Cessation de paiement d'Abengoa En novembre 2015, Abengoa est déclarée en cessation de paiement. Khi Solar One fait partie des actifs que l'entreprise envisage de vendre. Le 27 décembre 2016, Abengoa obtient un Provisional Acceptance Certificate (certificat provisoire d'agrément), remettant officiellement l'installation à son propriétaire Khi Solar One Pty Ltd. Abengoa détient 51 % des actions, Industrial Development Corporation, 29 % et Khi Community Trust, 20 %. Abengoa est chargée des opérations et de la maintenance de la centrale. La production est vendue à l'opérateur Eskom dans le cadre d'un accord (Power Purchase Agreement) d'une durée de vingt ans. Au début de l'année 2016, Khi Solar One a démontré sa capacité à produire durant vingt-quatre heures consécutives. Galerie Notes et références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Khi Solar One » (voir la liste des auteurs). Portail des énergies renouvelables Portail de l’Afrique du Sud
Kraftwerk Kusile

Das Kraftwerk Kusile (englisch: Kusile Power Station) ist ein im Bau befindliches Kohlekraftwerk des staatlichen südafrikanischen Energieversorgers Eskom mit einer installierten Leistung von 4,8 GW, dessen erster Block im August 2017 in Betrieb gehen sollte. Bei Betriebsaufnahme wird Kusile eines der größten Kohlekraftwerk der Welt sein und etwa 12 % der gesamten installierten Erzeugungskapazitäten Südafrikas darstellen. Es wird das erste Kraftwerk Südafrikas mit einer Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlage sein. Anlage Die aus sechs 800-MW-Blöcken bestehende Anlage liegt in der Provinz Mpumalanga bei eMalahleni in der Nähe des bestehenden Kraftwerks Kendal und nimmt eine Grundfläche von 1335 ha ein. Die überkritisch betriebenen Kessel sind 102,65 m hoch. Sie werden von Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Africa zusammen mit Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe gebaut. Die Turbinen und Generatoren werden von Alstom geliefert. Das Kraftwerk wird mit direkter Trockenkühlung betrieben, um Wasser einzusparen. Die Kondensatoren werden von 60 m hohen Betonsäulen getragen. Für den Bau des Kraftwerks sind 115.400 t Stahl und 5300 km Kabel nötig. Die Baukosten wurden auf 118,5 Milliarden Rand geschätzt. Im Jahr 2020 wurde mitgeteilt, dass die Baukosten erheblich gestiegen seien und eine vollständige Fertigstellung frühestens 2023 zu erwarten sei. Im September 2025 teilte Eskom mit, dass der sechste Block des Kraftwerks in den kommerziellen Betrieb gegangen sei, nachdem bereits seit März aus den andren Blöcken Strom ins nationale Netz geflossen war. Siehe auch Liste von Kraftwerken in Südafrika Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Centrale thermique de Kusile

La centrale thermique de Kusile est une centrale électrique au charbon de l'entreprise Eskom, située près de Witbank dans la province du Mpumalanga. Elle est constituée de 6 unités de 800 MW. Étymologie « Kusile » signifie « l'aube est arrivée » en ndébélé du Transvaal. Histoire La première unité est branchée au réseau en décembre 2016. La dernière unité est connectée au réseau le 23 mars 2025 Caractéristiques La centrale comporte six unités de 800 MW, soit une puissance totale de 4,8 GW. Écologie Il s'agit d'une très grande centrale à charbon, qui augmente fortement les émissions de dioxyde de carbone, en plus de la pollution liée au charbon. Cependant, une nouvelle technologie de désulfuration par voie humide permet le filtrage du dioxyde de soufre. Kusile se veut ainsi « la centrale à charbon la plus propre ». Voir aussi Centrale thermique de Medupi Notes et références Liens externes (en) Kusile Power Station sur le site web d'Eskom. Portail de l’Afrique du Sud Portail des énergies fossiles Portail de l’environnement
ТЕС Кусіле

ТЕС Кісуле — теплова електростанція на північному сході Південно-Африканської Республіки. Знаходиться в провінції Мпумаланга за 60 км на схід від Преторії, поруч з ТЕС Кендал. Станція стала однією з двох (поряд з ТЕС Медупі) нових вугільних ТЕС, котрі вирішили спорудити в ПАР наприкінці 2000-х років. Будівельні роботи почались у 2008-му та протікали з певними затримками, а синхронізація першого з шести енергоблоків з мережею відбулась у 2017 році. ТЕС належить до конденсаційних станцій та складається з обладнаних паровими турбінами шести блоків потужністю по 800 МВт. З метою економії водних ресурсів ТЕС Кісуле обладнана системою сухого охолодження, при цьому вона є найпотужнішим об'єктом такого типу у світі, незначно випереджаючи згадану вище станцію Медупі. Постачання необхідного для роботи станції палива здійснюватиметься з розташованої поряд копальні компанії Anglo Inyosi Coal в об'ємах 17 млн тонн на рік. Примітки
Loskop Dam Nature Reserve

Loskop Dam Nature Reserve is situated in northern Mpumalanga province, South Africa. The reserve covers approximately 22,850 ha, if the approximately 2,350 ha surface area of the reservoir is included. The Reserve is situated in the Olifants River valley, about 55 km north of Middelburg, and comprises a hilly bushveld region, centered on the Loskop reservoir. The climate is tropical on the surface. The average temperature is 20 °C. The hottest month is October, at 24 °C, and the coldest is July, at 14 °C. The average rainfall is 805 millimeters per year. The wettest month is December, with 145 millimeters of rain, and the driest is July, with 1 millimeter. References
Cape Town Science Centre

The Cape Town Science Centre is a not-for-profit science centre in Cape Town, South Africa. It forms part of a wide range of non-classroom initiatives to improve the quality of science understanding and science literacy in South Africa. Until early 2010, the MTN Sciencentre was located in the Canal Walk shopping mall. It reopened in Observatory in 2011. The MTN Sciencentre's Ericsson cell phone is in the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's largest working cell phone. References External links Official website
Marievale Bird Sanctuary

Marievale Bird Sanctuary is a protected area in Gauteng, South Africa. It is a Ramsar site about 15 km2 in size, and situated on the East Rand on the southern half of the Blesbokspruit wetland. The Blesbokspruit is a major perennial river in Gauteng which is flanked by extensive floodplains on either side. Nearby is the Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve. History In 1978, a reserve 524 ha in extent was established. This was further extended to 1,526.01 ha. Biodiversity The Blesbokspruit wetland, in which the sanctuary is situated, is designated as an Important Bird Area. Almost 300 bird species frequent the wetland, according to the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA), with the best time to visit being between spring and the start of summer. Birds Birds found at the wetland include: Mammals In addition to birds, mammals have also been observed in the sanctuary: Blesbok Cape clawless otter Three species of mongoose Southern reedbuck Cape hare Vegetation Within the wetland phragmites, typha and juncus reeds can be found between the water pans. A grassland biome occurs near the eastern border. Activities There is a conference centre and 2 chalets in the sanctuary. There are four bird hides at the water pans (named Flamingo, Hadeda, Duiker and Shelduck) and a public picnic site in the reserve. Threats The flow of the Blesbokspruit has been hampered by the surrounding industries, i.e. gold mine tailings, sewage treatment plants, farmland expansion and urban development in some parts of the wetland, creating disjointed pans of water in the wetland. Previously the river had few reed beds and few open stretches of shallow water. With the profusion of vegetation like sedges, bulrushes, duckweed and reeds, and the dumping of several large sand embankments through urban expansion, the landscape has since changed, resulting in the reduction of suitable habitat on the river. Gallery References External links Media related to Marievale Bird Sanctuary at Wikimedia Commons
Middle Letaba Dam

Middle Letaba Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Middle Letaba River, 40 km east of Elim and 40 km west of Giyani, Limpopo, South Africa. The source of the Middle Letaba river rises high in the tropical mountains of Magoebaskloof near Tzaneen, where rainfall is abundant during the summer months. The river passes numerous villages and its flow becomes quite strong when it reaches the village of Magoro. Once at full capacity, the Middle Letaba becomes Limpopo's third largest dam, but the Middle Letaba Dam only reaches its full capacity when the river is in flood. The dam rarely reaches its full capacity because the engineers overestimated the yield of the river feeding the dam. The error in the assessment also resulted in water shortages for competing water users. Construction of the dam started in 1980 under Gazankulu government and serves mainly for water supply to Giyani and Hlanganani. The dam is situated alongside the R578 road to Giyani and Elim. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3). The dam is popularly known as 'Sterkrivier Dam' by the local people, the name Sterkrivier (Strong river) was given by the Afrikaner people. Before the construction of the dam in 1980, the water which used to flow in this river was so powerful to an extent that a new name was given to the river, hence 'Sterkrivier'. See also List of reservoirs and dams in South Africa List of rivers of South Africa References List of South African Dams from the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa)
National Treasury (South Africa)

The National Treasury is one of the departments of the South African government. The Treasury manages national economic policy, prepares the South African government's annual budget and manages the government's finances. Along with the South African Revenue Service and Statistics South Africa, the Treasury falls within the portfolio of the Minister of Finance. Throughout the course of President Jacob Zuma's second administration, the ministry has undergone several changes. Most notably, Nhlanhla Nene was suddenly dismissed on 9 December 2015, without explanation, and replaced with a relatively unknown parliamentary back-bencher from the ruling ANC's caucus, David 'Des' van Rooyen for a record-total of 3 days. He was, in turn, replaced by Pravin Gordhan after the President faced significant pressure from political and business groups over the move. On 30 March 2017 Jacob Zuma axed Pravin Gordhan and appointed Malusi Gigaba as a Finance Minister. Following Zuma's resignation, President Cyril Ramaphosa returned Nhlanhla Nene as Minister in his cabinet reshuffle on 26 February 2018. In the 2010 national budget, the Treasury received an appropriation of 1,504.4 million rand and had 730 employees. The Treasury has been responsible for South African Airways since December 2014 Corruption Oracle Corporation contract and corruption probe In 2017, a whistleblower notified the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and US Department of Justice, alleging possible violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in awarding of a R1 billion (2015) (equivalent to R1.17 billion or US$88.54 million in 2018) contract to the Oracle Corporation by National Treasury in 2015. In March 2024, the Special Investigating Unit found that there were conflicts of interest, irregular processes, and non-compliance with policies and legislation, and said it would petition to blacklist Oracle in South Africa, cancel the contract and recover the money paid. Ministers See also National Budget of South Africa References External links National Treasury South African Revenue Service
Министерство финансов ЮАР

Министерство финансов ЮАР (англ. National Treasury (South Africa)) — одно из министерств правительства ЮАР. Министерство финансов ЮАР управляет национальной экономической политикой, готовит ежегодный бюджет правительства ЮАР и управляет государственными финансами. Наряду с налоговой службой ЮАР и статистическим управлением Южной Африки, министерство финансов входит в компетенцию министра финансов. В течение второго срока президентства Джейкоба Зумы министерство претерпело ряд изменений. Наиболее примечательно то, что Нхланхла Нене была внезапно уволена 9 декабря 2015 года без объяснения причин и заменена относительно неизвестным рядовым членом парламента от правящей фракции африканского национального конгресса (АНК) Дэвидом «Дес» ван Ройеном, который пробыл на этом посту рекордные 3 дня. В свою очередь, его заменил Правдин Гордхан. После того, как президент столкнулся со значительным давлением со стороны политических и деловых групп из-за этого шага. 30 марта 2017 года Джейкоб Зума уволил Правина Гордхана и назначил Малуси Гигабу министром финансов. В национальном бюджете 2010 года министерство финансов ЮАР получило ассигнования в размере 1 504,4 млн рэндов и имело 730 сотрудников. Министерство финансов отвечает за South African Airways с декабря 2014 года. Коррупция Расследование контракта и коррупции в корпорации Oracle В 2017 году информатор уведомил комиссию по ценным бумагам и биржам США, а также министерство юстиции США о возможных нарушениях закона по борьбе с коррупцией за рубежом при заключении контракта с корпорацией на сумму 1 миллиард рэндов (2015 год) (эквивалентно 88,54 миллиона долларов США в 2018 году) Oracle с министерством финансов США в 2015 году. В марте 2024 года специальное следственное подразделение обнаружило конфликт интересов и неправомерные действия, и нарушения процессов, а также несоблюдение политики и законодательства, и заявил, что подаст петицию о внесении Oracle в чёрный список в Южной Африке, расторжении контракта и возврате уплаченных денег. Список министров Примечания Ссылки Официальный сайт (англ.) Официальный сайт налоговой службы ЮАР (англ.)
Orlando Power Station

Orlando Power Station is a decommissioned coal-fired power station in Soweto, South Africa. The power station was commissioned at the end of the Second World War and served Johannesburg for over 50 years. History Planning for the construction of Orlando started in 1935, as the electricity demand of Johannesburg was rising faster than what could be met with the existing City Generating Station located in downtown Johannesburg. The location for the station was selected due to its proximity to water supply for coolant and railway lines for the delivery of coal. Construction started in 1939 with Merz & McLellan as consulting engineers, but completion was delayed due to the outbreak of the Second World War. The last phase of construction was completed in 1955. Until 1990 two Robert Stephenson & Hawthorns saddle-tank steam engines (Nos. 7805 Elizabeth an 0-6-0ST and 7398 George an 0-4-0ST were used to move incoming coal trains through a wagon tipper at the power plant. The station was decommissioned in 1998 after 56 years of service. In 2006 work was started to transform the site of the power station into an entertainment and business centre. On 25 June 2014, the decommissioned power plant collapsed, killing 1 and trapping 5 others in the rubble. Cooling towers The two cooling towers are a prominent landmark in Soweto. They were built in 1951 to supplement the spray pond cooling system as this source of cooling was running at its capacity. Being supplied by sewage effluent from the Klipspruit Sewage Works, the spray ponds at Orlando were the first in South Africa to make use of this ready supply of coolant liquid. Both towers are painted, one functioning as an advertising billboard and the other containing the largest mural painting in South Africa. The towers are also used for bungee and BASE jumping from a platform between the top of the two towers as well as a bungee swing into one of the towers. In film and TV The tower was used for a Fast Forward on the seventh season of The Amazing Race. The task was for one team (Ray & Deana in particular) to walk across a suspension bridge spanning one of the cooling towers 30 storeys above the ground. In the movie Chappie the power station is the headquarter of the protagonists, the two iconic cooling towers and the main building are decorated with typical Die Antwoord artwork. The towers also appeared on the Dutch television series Wie is de Mol? where contestants in the premiere of the show's thirteenth season bungee jumped off of the towers. The towers were mentioned in the Season 3, Episode 5 episode of Wild Things with Dominic Monaghan. In the second season of Sky One’s An Idiot Abroad the towers feature as Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant attempt to get host Karl Pilkington to bungee jump from a platform suspended between the two to no avail. One of the cameramen, however, does jump. See also List of power stations in South Africa References External links OrlandoTowers