NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Dun Ardtreck

Dun Ardtreck is a D-shaped dun, or "semi-broch", located on the west coast of the island of Skye, in Scotland (grid reference NG33503581). Location Dun Ardtreck is located on the Minginish peninsula of Skye. It is near to the small village of Ardtreck, close to the villages of Portnalong & Fiskavaig. It is situated on a rocky knoll on the edge of a cliff overlooking the sea. The landward side of the knoll is bounded by precipitous rock faces except on the southeast where a small cleft was used for an outer gateway. Description Dun Ardtreck is a D-shaped fortification (dun) of a type commonly regarded as a prototype broch or "semi-broch". It was built with the straight side of the fort facing the sheer cliffs. It encloses an area of about 13 by 10 metres. It was constructed with a rudimentary hollow-wall. The entrance is particularly well-preserved with door-checks characteristic of brochs. The entrance to a guard cell led off to the right behind the door-checks. Surrounding the dun is an outer wall which runs along much of the edge of the knoll on the landward side. Excavations Dun Ardtreck was excavated by Euan W. MacKie in 1964-5 as part of an exercise to establish the development of the broch. It had been built in two stages: a roughly level platform was constructed and on this was set the galleried wall. Charcoal from the platform was radiocarbon dated to 115 BC. The first phase of occupation seems to have been very short and it appears to have ended in violence and destruction. The second phase was dated from the pottery finds to the middle of the 2nd century AD. The finds from this period included iron tools, bronze ornaments and glass ring-heads as well as Roman Samian ware pottery sherds and a piece of a Roman bead. Dun Ardtreck is a D-shaped structure with the straight side formed by the edge of a high cliff, along which a narrow wall ran. The thick, drystone wall, the design of the entrance passage, with its door-checks, and the intramural gallery suggests that the building once had the high, hollow wall of the broch towers but had suffered serious demolition at one stage. There are two doorways into the wall gallery, one of which is at a place where the gallery widens, as if to accommodate a stone stair, but no traces of this remain. The height of the wall at the cliff edge is about 6 inches but it rises to several feet at the entrance passage, which faces inland; the structure was built on the rock surface sloping inland from the cliff edge, a rubble platform forming the foundation. The primary occupation of the dun was a relatively thin floor deposit inside, on which some burnt material lay, implying destruction by fire. References External links Media related to Dun Ardtreck at Wikimedia Commons
Dun Borrafiach

Dun Borrafiach is an Iron Age broch located on the north coast of the island of Skye, in Scotland (grid reference NG23556371). Location Dun Borrafiach is located on the Waternish peninsula of Skye, about 8 kilometres northwest of the village of Lusta. It occupies a rocky outcrop overlooking the Borrafiach Burn. Description Dun Borrafiach has an external diameter of 16.5 metres, and the walls still stand to a height of 2.7 metres on the south side. The entrance is on the northwest side of the broch. The northeast side of the entrance-way appears to have been narrowed in antiquity by the insertion of additional walling. Inside the broch, a long stretch of the outer face of the intramural gallery is still visible on the east side. References External links Media related to Dun Borrafiach at Wikimedia Commons
Dun Fiadhairt

Dun Fiadhairt ist ein eisenzeitlicher Broch etwa 3,5 Kilometer nordnordwestlich von Dunvegan an der Nordwestseite der Insel Skye, in den Highlands in Schottland. Dun Fiadhairt steht auf einem niedrigen Hügel inmitten von Mooren auf einer Halbinsel an der Ostseite der Meeresbucht Loch Dunvegan. Beschreibung Der Broch hat etwa 16,8 m Außen- und 9,6 m Innendurchmesser. Der etwa 3,7 Meter lange Zugang enthält zwei gegenüberliegende Wächterzellen (englisch guard-cells) und befindet sich auf der Westseite. Der Broch besitzt eine Doppelzelle in der Seitenwand und eine Wächterzelle (englisch guard-cell) am Fuß der Treppe. Der Rest der Wand wird von einer Galerie eingenommen. Der Zugang zur Galerie erfolgt durch einen kleinen zweiten Zugang. Es ist nicht sicher, ob dieser zweite Zugang Teil der ursprünglichen Struktur ist, da zweite Eingänge, die in anderen Brochs gefunden wurden, später zugefügt zu sein scheinen. Dun Fiadhairt wurde 1892 von der Gräfin Vincent Baillet de Latour ausgegraben. Informationen über diese frühe Ausgrabung existieren nicht. 20 Jahre später hat sie Dun Beag mit größerer Sorgfalt ausgraben. Die Funde enthalten eine Menge zerscherbte Töpferwaren und eine große Menge von „Eisenschlacke“. Zu den Steinfunden gehören eine Drehhandmühle, ein Schleifstein, ein Hammerstein, Spinnwirtel und das Bruchstück einer Armschutzplatte. Glasperlen wurden in verschiedenen Farben gefunden. 59 Bernsteinperlen in Form kurzer Zylinder bildeten vermutlich eine Halskette. Literatur Ian Armit: Towers in the North. The Brochs of Scotland. Tempus, Stroud 2003, ISBN 0-7524-1932-3. Euan Wallace MacKie: The Roundhouses, Brochs and Wheelhouses of Atlantic Scotland c. 700 BC – AD 500. Architecture and Material Culture. Band 2: The Northern and Southern Mainland and the Western Islands (= BAR. British series. 444, 2). Archaeopress, Oxford 2007, ISBN 978-1-4073-0134-1. Anna Ritchie, Graham Ritchie: Scotland. An Oxford Archaeological Guide. Oxford Press 1998, ISBN 978-0-19-288002-4, S. 161. James Neil Graham Ritchie: Brochs of Scotland. Princes Risborough, Shire Archaeology second edition 1998, ISBN 0-7478-0389-7. S. 47 Weblinks 360° Panorama über Dun Fiadhairt Eintrag zu Dun Fiadhairt auf trove.scot, der Datenbank von Historic Environment Scotland (englisch)
Dun Fiadhairt

Dun Fiadhairt is an Iron Age broch located on the north coast of the island of Skye, in Scotland (grid reference NG23115042). Location Dun Fiadhairt 3.5 kilometres northwest of Dunvegan on Skye. The broch stands on a low, rocky knoll, in the midst of moorland, on a peninsula which juts into the east side of Loch Dunvegan. Description The broch has an external diameter of 16.8 metres and an internal diameter of 9.6 metres. The main entrance is on the west side of the broch and the entrance passage is 3.7 metres long. The passage contains two opposing guard cells. The interior of the broch contains a double cell in the side wall, and a "guard cell" at the foot of the stairs. The rest of the inner wall is occupied by a ground level gallery. The door to this mural gallery goes right through the wall to form a small second entrance. It is not certain if this second entrance is part of the original structure, since other second entrances found in brochs elsewhere appear to be of later construction. Excavations Dun Fiadhairt was excavated around 1892 by the Countess Vincent Baillet de Latour. Little information survives about these early excavations, and 20 years later she would excavate Dun Beag with more care. Finds included a quantity of pottery, and a large amount of "iron refuse". Stone finds included a rotary quern, a whetstone, a hammerstone, spindle whorls and a fragment of an armlet. Several glass beads were found of various colours, and in addition there were 59 amber beads in the form of short cylinders which presumably formed a necklace. There was also found a baked clay object, thought to be a Roman votive model of a bale of wool. References External links Media related to Dun Fiadhairt at Wikimedia Commons
Ruthven Barracks

Ruthven Barracks (), near Ruthven in Badenoch, Scotland, are the best preserved of the four barracks built in 1719 after the 1715 Jacobite rising. Set on an old castle mound, the complex comprises two large three-storey blocks occupying two sides of the enclosure, each with two rooms per floor. The barracks and enclosing walls were built with loopholes for musket firing, and bastion towers were built at opposite corners. Destroyed by Jacobites following their retreat after the Battle of Culloden in 1746, the Barracks ruins are maintained as a scheduled monument by Historic Environment Scotland. They are accessible at all times without entrance charge. History First and second castles The first castle (fortified structure) was built on the hilltop site in 1229, possibly by the Comyns. During the 13th century the castle was held by the Lords of Badenoch, chiefs of Clan Comyn. It was used as a base by Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan who was known as the "Wolf of Badenoch", the younger son of King Robert II of Scotland. The first castle at Ruthven was demolished in 1451 by John of Islay, Earl of Ross. It was replaced with a second castle, completed in 1459. From the 15th to 16th century, the castle was held by the Earls of Huntly, chiefs of Clan Gordon, who were then the feudal superiors and lords of Badenoch. Mary, Queen of Scots visited in August 1564. New locks were bought for the castle and a cannon called a bombard was transported from Edinburgh. The castle was contested during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and later John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee, attacked the castle and severely damaged it during the Jacobite rising of 1689. Jacobite risings Due to continued unrest, the British government decided to build fortified barracks in strategic locations: the new barracks at Ruthven were completed in 1721 on the castle hilltop. The barracks accommodated 120 troops and 28 horses for dragoons. In August 1745, a unit of 12 soldiers, commanded by a Sergeant Terrence Molloy of the 6th Regiment of Foot, successfully defended the barracks against 200 Jacobites, losing one man killed, whilst killing at least two Jacobites and wounding many more. The following year Molloy, still in command of the barracks and having been promoted to the rank of lieutenant, surrendered to a larger force of Jacobites, with two cannons, commanded by John Gordon of Glenbucket. The day after the Battle of Culloden in 1746, some 1,500 Jacobites retreated to Fort Ruthven, regrouped and waited for word from Charles Edward Stuart. His message for them arrived on 20 April, in which he stated "let every man seek his own safety in the best way he can", as their situation was hopeless. The departing Jacobites destroyed the barracks on 17 April 1746. The ruins remain. References External links Ruthven Barracks, Virtual Scotland
Caserne de Ruthven

La caserne Ruthven ( /ˈrɪvən/ ), en anglais Ruthven barracks, près de Ruthven dans la région de Badenoch, en Écosse, est la mieux préservée des quatre casernes construites en 1719 après le soulèvement jacobite de 1715. Situé sur un ancien tertre de château, le complexe comprend deux grands blocs de trois étages occupant deux côtés opposés de l'enceinte, chacun avec deux pièces par étage. Des tours bastionnées sont construites à deux angles opposés. Casernements et murs d'enceinte sont percés de meurtrières pour permettre le tir au mousquet. Les ruines de la caserne — détruite par les Jacobites dans leur retraite après la bataille de Culloden en 1746 —, constituent un monument classé en Écosse. Histoire Premier et deuxième châteaux Une première structure fortifiée est érigée sur la colline en 1229, peut-être par les Comyn. Au cours du XIIIe siècle, le château est détenu par les seigneurs de Badenoch, chefs du clan Comyn. Au siècle suivant Alexander Stewart, comte de Buchan connu sous le nom de « Loup de Badenoch » et fils cadet du roi Robert II d'Écosse l'utilise comme base. L'édifice est démoli en 1451 par Jean d'Islay, comte de Ross. Un deuxième château prend sa place, achevé en 1459. Jusqu'au XVIe siècle, il relève des comtes de Huntly, chefs du clan Gordon et seigneurs de Badenoch. Le château est contesté pendant les guerres des Trois Royaumes. Plus tard John Graham, 1er vicomte de Dundee, l'attaque et le détruit gravement pendant le soulèvement jacobite de 1689. Soulèvements jacobites En raison des troubles persistants, le gouvernement britannique décide de construire des casernes fortifiées à des endroits stratégiques : la nouvelle caserne de Ruthven est achevée en 1721 sur la colline du château. Elle peut accueillir 120 hommes de troupe et 28 chevaux de dragons. En août 1745, une unité de 12 soldats commandés par le sergent Terrence Molloy du 6e régiment d'infanterie défend la caserne contre 200 jacobites : un seul défenseur est tué. Mais l'année suivante Molloy, toujours à la tête de la caserne et promu au grade de lieutenant, doit se rendre à une force plus importante de Jacobites commandée par John Gordon de Glenbucket et équipée de canons. Le lendemain de la bataille de Culloden en 1746, quelque 3 000 Jacobites se replient à Ruthven ; là, le prince Charles Edward Stuart dissout leur troupe car la situation est désespérée : « que chacun cherche sa propre sécurité du mieux qu'il peut ». En partant, ils détruisent la caserne le 17 avril 1746. Références Liens externes Caserne de Ruthven, Écosse virtuelle Portail de l’Écosse Portail de l’histoire militaire Portail de la protection du patrimoine
Auchterhouse Castle

Auchterhouse Castle ist eine Burg nordwestlich von Dundee in der schottischen Council Area Angus. Geschichte Ursprüngliche Burg Die ursprüngliche Burg stammte aus dem 13. Jahrhundert und bestand aus Mauern, Türmen und einem Donjon. Es befand sich vermutlich im Eigentum der Familie Ramsay, die den erblichen Titel des Sheriff of Angus innehatten. Sir William Wallace soll in der Burg geweilt haben und einer der Türme wurde nach ihm Wallace Tower benannt. König Eduard I. von England verbrachte am 20. Juli 1303 eine Nacht auf Auchterhouse Castle. 1489 kam das Anwesen in den Besitz von James Stewart, 1. Earl of Buchan, der den Titel eines Lord Auchterhouse trug und der Onkel von König Jakob III. war. Wohnturm Später erbte James Erskine, der 7. Earl of Buchan die Burg. Er ließ im 17. Jahrhundert in der ursprünglichen Burg einen Wohnturm errichten. Herrenhaus Um den Wohnturm entstand das heute noch existierende Herrenhaus, Auchterhouse Old Mansion House. Heute Das alte Herrenhaus ist heute ein Hotel. Historic Scotland hat es als historisches Bauwerk der Kategorie B gelistet. Der Wallace Tower der alten Burg gilt heute als Scheduled Monument. Weblinks Eintrag zu Auchterhouse Mansion auf trove.scot, der Datenbank von Historic Environment Scotland (englisch) Einzelnachweise
Auchterhouse Castle

Auchterhouse Castle is a c. 13th-century castle located northwest of Dundee, Angus, Scotland. The original castle was enclosed with walls, towers, and contained a keep. The castle may have been in ownership of the Ramsay family, who were hereditary sheriffs of Angus. Sir William Wallace is alleged to have stayed at the castle, and one its towers was named in his honour. King Edward I of England spent the night of 20 July 1303 at the castle. The castle came into the possession of James Erskine, 7th Earl of Buchan, who may have built the 17th-century tower house. References
Brunstane Castle

Brunstane Castle ist eine Burgruine auf dem Nordufer des North Esk, etwa 3,2 km südwestlich von Penicuik in der schottischen Council Area Midlothian. Der Wohnturm mit L-förmigem Grundriss stammt aus dem 16. Jahrhundert. Andere Namen für diese Ruine sind Brunston Castle, Brunstain Castle oder Brunstone Castle. Nicht zu verwechseln ist es mit Brunstane House in Edinburgh. Geschichte Das Anwesen gehörte ursprünglich den Crichtons. Der Reformator George Wishart wurde vom Turm herunter verhaftet und nach St Andrews gebracht, wo er als Märtyrer starb. Er hatte unter dem Schutz von Alexander Crichton aus Brunstane gestanden. Die Burg wurde 1547 niedergebrannt, vermutlich von Lord Gray. 1632 erwarb John, Lord Maitland das Anwesen und ließ es erweitern. Architektur Die Burg, die zwei Vollgeschosse und ein Dachgeschoss hatte, besitzt einen Treppenturm mit quadratischem Grundriss im Innenwinkel der Burg. Der Treppenturm erweitert sich nach oben zu einem quadratischen Aufsatz. Unter den Fenstern sind Schießscharten. In der Küche im Erdgeschoss befindet sich ein großer, offener Kamin. Der Rittersaal befand sich im ersten Obergeschoss. Über der Eingangstüre ist ein Wappenschild. Es gibt noch Reste eines Hofes mit einem Turm mit quadratischem Grundriss aus dem Jahre 1568. Der Hof hat eine Ausfalltor mit Rundbogen in der östlichen Mauer. Historic Scotland hat Brunstane Castle als Scheduled Monument gelistet. Einzelnachweise
Brunstane Castle

Brunstane Castle (alternatively Brunston, Brunstain or Brunstone Castle) is a ruined tower house, dating from the 16th century, around 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west of Penicuik, on the north bank of the North Esk, in Midlothian, Scotland. History The castle was originally a property of the Crichtons. A charter of the lands of Brunston granted by James IV in 1493 to Edward Crichton and his wife Agnes Cockburn specified a feudal rent of a red rose on the feast day of St John the Baptist. In 1546, the Protestant reformer George Wishart stayed at Brunstane with Alexander Crichton and was arrested soon after at the house of John Cockburn of Ormiston. Wishart was taken to St Andrews, where he was martyred. Crichton and Cockburn and other Lothian Lairds sided with England during the war now known as the Rough Wooing. Regent Arran brought four cannon from Edinburgh Castle at the end of February and captured their houses. The lairds of Brunstane and Ormiston were declared traitors and the Privy Council ordered the demolition of Brunstane, Gilberstoun, and Ormiston. In March 1548, slaters were employed to take the roof off the House of Brunstane, and the roof timbers were dismantled and taken to Edinburgh Castle. The woods at Brunstane were harvested and the workmen were protected by 10 gunners armed with culverins. Timber and stone from Brunstane Castle was used in the construction of the new Spur fortification at Edinburgh Castle designed by Migliorino Ubaldini. On 6 April 1548, the English commander Grey of Wilton reported that Alexander Crichton's house had not been burnt, but, "Marry! the topp is pulled downe, so much of the stone as was lyked, which laye in redyness to bylde, caryed to Edynborough, his yong trees cut up, and all worse handled than if it had been with fyer." The house and gardens were reconstructed in the later 16th-century. John Preston of Penicuik, Lord Fentonbarns, acquired the castle by 1613. There are remains of a designed landscape to the west of the castle, possibly laid out by James Preston or his son. The design includes four quadrangular islands now set in a marshy area. This would have been a decorative home for fish and waterfowl and visible from the tower house. In 1632 John Maitland, 1st Earl of Lauderdale, acquired the Crichton family property nearer Portobello, called Gilbertstoun and also called "Brunstane", which he extended. Structure The castle, which has two stories and a garret, has a square stair tower. The stair tower has a corbelled-out cap-house. Under the windows there are gun-loops. There is a large fireplace in the kitchen, which is in the basement. The Hall was on the first floor. Over the doorway is an armorial panel. There are still remains of the courtyard, with a square tower dated 1568. The courtyard has a round-arched postern in the east wall. The building is a Scheduled Ancient Monument. References
Erskine Bridge Hotel & Spa

The MGM Muthu Glasgow River Hotel, formerly the Erskine Bridge Hotel & Spa is situated on the banks of the River Clyde in Erskine, Renfrewshire. The hotel takes its name from the nearby Erskine Bridge and Clyde River. Originally named the Esso Motor Hotel Erskine, it opened in 1971. It was originally planned and owned by the oil company Esso. It was Scotland's second motor based hotel as Esso had already opened another unit in Edinburgh. Ownership The hotel started out as the Esso Motor Hotel of Erskine. Since then it has changed ownership four times. Esso sold the business to the Crest Hotel Group. Then it was sold to the Forte Group of hotels and then to the Cosmopolitan Hotel Group, who renamed the hotel to the Erskine Bridge Hotel & Spa. In 2020, it was sold to its current owners, MGM Muthu Hotels, who renamed the hotel to the MGM Muthu Glasgow River Hotel. Construction The hotel was built by Daniel Construction Company (now Fluor Corporation) at a cost of £1m. The on-site architects were Morris and Steedman. The hotel interior was designed by Cope Notter Design Associates. There is park and fly facilities for Glasgow Airport, gym, swimming pool and conference suites at the hotel. There was also a nine-hole pitch and putt golf course. References
Lorn and Islands Hospital

Lorn & Islands Hospital is a rural general hospital on the southern outskirts of Oban in Argyll, Scotland. It is managed by NHS Highland. History The hospital was designed by Reiach & Hall using a design solution that has been recognised as particularly well-suited to the local environment. It was officially opened in 1995. When the Scottish Executive looked at reorganising rural health care in 2004 there were local protests: following this there were calls to work more closely with the Belford Hospital in Fort William. A new audiology unit was opened by Rhona Brankin, deputy health minister, in 2005. Services Since this facility opened it has been possible for a number of services to be run from one location, where previously they had been provided from some smaller facilities located across the district. A range of services are provided and the hospital has 66 inpatient beds and a multi-purpose day hospital. There is also a midwife-led service to provide maternity care. In September 2009 it achieved stage 1 of the baby-friendly accreditation programme. A multi-disciplinary team treats patients who are admitted to the hospital following a stroke. The stroke team offers continuity to patients from admission to the point of discharge and even into the community, where appropriate. Although plans to offer a dentistry treatment service from the hospital have been approved, by March 2014 there was still no confirmation about when this would be operational. Palliative care services are also organised through the hospital after the McKelvie Hospital, a small Victorian era cottage hospital in Oban, had closed 2000. References External links Lorn & Islands Hospital webpage on NHS Highland website