NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Castelo de Aberuchill

O Castelo de Aberuchill (em inglês: Aberuchill Castle) localiza-se a 3 quilómetros a oeste de Comrie, em Perthshire, na Escócia. É constituído por uma torre residencial do início do século XVII, que foi ampliada e remodelada no século XIX. A casa, excluindo a ala ocidental posterior, está classificada como edifício de Categoria A, e os terrenos encontram-se incluídos no Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland. História Em 1596, as terras de Aberuchill foram concedidas à família Campbell de Lawers. A parte mais antiga da torre residencial data de 1602. Em 1642, Aberuchill foi adquirida por Sir James Drummond, permanecendo na posse dos seus descendentes até 1858. A ala gótica oriental foi acrescentada à torre pelos Drummond, e os interiores foram remodelados no início do século XIX. A casa foi comprada por Sir David Dundas de Dunira em 1858, que a vendeu ao comerciante de algodão inglês George Dewhurst, de Lymm, Cheshire, em 1864. Entre 1869 e 1874, a ala ocidental e outras ampliações foram realizadas pelo arquiteto de Aberdeen Robert Ewan. Aberuchill foi “incendiada” num ataque sufragista em 4 de fevereiro de 1914, tendo os criados do castelo conseguido escapar por sorte. O Castelo de Aberuchill foi herdado por William Mostyn-Owen após a morte do pai, em 1947. Em 1968 encontrava-se a viver ali, “em cerca de 23 quartos” de uma das alas, com a sua esposa, a escritora italiana Gaia Servadio, mas acabou por vender a propriedade. A propriedade foi vendida pela família Dewhurst na década de 1980 e permanece em posse privada. Em 2005, foi noticiado que o magnata russo do aço Vladimir Lisin teria adquirido o castelo e a sua propriedade de 1200 hectares por 6,8 milhões de libras. Referências
Abington services

Abington services is a motorway service station near the village of Abington, Scotland. The service station is located next to the M74 motorway and is accessed using motorway junction 13 in both the northbound and southbound directions. It is owned by Welcome Break. In a 2001 survey by Which, Abington was the only service area to be given an excellent rating for its food. However, a survey in 2004 rated the service area as poor. They were awarded the five star Loo of the year award in 2008, after receiving only three stars in 2007 and 2006. The service station is one of fourteen for which large murals were commissioned from artist David Fisher in the 1990s, designed to reflect the local area and history. References External links Official website
Achallader Castle

Achallader Castle (Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Achaladair) is a ruined 16th-century tower house under the shadow of Beinn Achaladair, about 3.5 miles north of Bridge of Orchy, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. History Achallader Castle was built near the northern end of Loch Tulla, close to the Bridge of Orchy, sometime in the 16th century and added to over the decades by various Clans; mainly the McHoughtons, of which Jimmy McHoughton is the youngest generation. It is accepted that the Fletcher's, known then as Macinleister "were the first to 'raise smoke and boil water' on the Braes of Glenorchy" although the MacGregors were also a ruling Clan of the area in the 15th century. Sir Duncan Campbell of Glen Orchy acquired the castle and surrounding lands through his treachery and betrayal of the Chief of the Mcinleisters in 1587. It is said that when the Fletchers owned Achallader, Sir Duncan Campbell - known as Black Duncan - ordered an English servant (or soldier) to pasture his horse in the Fletchers' corn. When warned off by the Fletchers - in Gaelic - he did not understand; when he did not remove his horse they shot him. Black Duncan, affecting concern that the Fletcher laird would be hanged for the killing, advised him to flee to France. Before he fled, he passed the property onto Black Duncan, supposedly until his return, to prevent it being forfeited to the Crown. The Fletchers never recovered the property. The MacGregors burnt the castle in 1603. In the summer of 1683, a Commission for the settlement of the Highlands, led by Sir William Drummond of Cromlix, stayed at the castle. They welcomed, among others, McIain, a future victim, along with his clan, of the massacre of Glencoe. In 1689, with William III and Mary II now reigning, the McIain's returning from their victory at Killiecrankie and repulse at Dunkeld, pulled down what they could of the castle. It was never restored. In June 1691, John, Earl of Breadalbane, empowered by King William to treat with the clans, conferred with the highland chiefs in the ruin of the castle. By a mixture of threats, promises of bribes, and duplicity, he persuaded most of the clans - but not the McIains - to enter a treaty. This included secret provisions, which he later denied, including the right of the chiefs to request relief from their oaths of allegiance from the exiled James VII and II. The promised bribes did not materialise. Description The castle formerly rose to three storeys and a garret, well defended by shot-holes. Now only two walls, one with a trace of corbelling, remain, sheltering the farm buildings of Achallader Farm. It is protected as a scheduled monument. References
Castello di Achallader

Il castello di Achallader è una casatorre in rovina del XVI secolo situata nei pressi del Beinn Achaladair, a circa cinque chilometri da Bridge of Orchy. Storia e descrizione Il castello fu costruito nel XVI secolo abitato e abitato da varie clan: la prima di cui si ha notizia è quelle di Fletcher, in particolare di Mac an Fhleister, anche se il clan più influente della zona era quella dei MacGregors. Nel 1587 sir Duncan Campbell acquistò il castello e le terre circostanti. Si racconta che quando i Fletcher abitavano il castello, sir Duncan Campbell ordinò a un suo servo di far pascolare il proprio cavallo nei campi dei Fletcher: il servo, pur avvertito dai proprietari in gaelico, ma non capendo la lingua, non spostò il cavallo, gli fu sparato e ferito a morte. Duncan Campbell quindi preoccupato che il capostipite dei Fletcher potesse essere condannato all'impiccagione, gli consigliò di fuggire in Francia: questo donò il castello a sir Ducan, in modo da custodirlo fino al suo ritorno per non farlo cadere nelle mani della corona. I Fletcher non fecero più ritorno. Nel 1603 i MacGregors bruciarono il castello. Nell'estate del 1863 sir William Drummond di Cromlix arrivò al castello, accogliendo anche membri del clan dei Mclain, vittime del massacro di Glencoe. Nel 1689, con a capo del regno Guglielmo III d'Inghilterra e Maria II, i Mclain tornarono dalla loro vittoria nella battaglia di Killiecrankie e abbatterono il castello che non è più stato ricostruito. Nel 1691 John Campbell, I conte di Breadalbane, trattò con i clan della zona sulla possibile ricostruzione del castello, ma non riuscì nell'intento con i Mclain, facendolo rimanere così un rudere. In origine il castello era composto da tre piani e una soffitta: ne rimangono solo due muri e i resti di una mensola. È protetto come scheduled monument. Note Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su castello di Achallader
Aden Country Park

Aden Country Park is located in Mintlaw, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and is first mentioned in the 10th-century Book of Deer. The park contains landscaped gardens, forest walks, camping and caravan facilities, recreational areas, and the maintained ruins of Aden House. It is also home to the Aberdeenshire Farming Museum. The park can be accessed from Mintlaw via Station Road or Nether Aden Road, and hosts an annual pipe band contest which attracts bands from across Scotland. Aberdeenshire Farming Museum The Aberdeenshire Farming Museum comprises two main features. The early 19th-century semicircular Home Farm steading presents interpretations of life on the 20th-century Aden Estate, including through the use of costumed guides. The "Weel Vrocht Grun" (well-worked ground) contains displays on regional farming history and agricultural innovation over the last two centuries. The Hareshowe Working Farm was moved to Aden Country Park in the early 1990s. The farmhouse has been restored to a 1950s appearance, with guided tours providing demonstrations of cooking and farm activities. Aden House The mansion house was originally granted to the Keith family in 1324, before passing to the Russells of Montcoffer. It was said to have been beautiful prior to its ruin. Alexander Russell of Montcoffer (1723–98) later purchased the Aden estate in 1758 from James Ferguson of Kinmundy. John Smith reconstructed the mansion in 1832 with "a magnificent balustraded west wing and Doric-columned, domed, projecting west bow". Alexander Russell's great-great-grandson, Sidney Russell (1895–1965), was the last Russell laird to live at Aden. He sold the estate in 1937 and moved to Dorset. The Barony of Aden is still held by the Russell family. During World War II, it was used as an army barracks, and it is said that the interior decoration was damaged and lost its lustre during this period. After the war, the house was left to fall into ruin. As of 1990, only its outer walls remained standing. The house is made of grey granite. References Bibliography External links Aden Country Park Website Aberdeenshire Council Website - Aden Country Park Aberdeenshire Farming Museum Website Aberdeenshire Council Website - Aberdeenshire Farming Museum Local Information on the Park
Airds Castle

Airds Castle ist eine Burgruine beim Dorf Carradale auf der Halbinsel Kintyre in der schottischen Council Area Argyll and Bute. Die Burg lag auf dem Gipfel eines Felssporns zwischen dem Hafen von Carradale und der Bucht von Port Righ. Die Anlage ist als Scheduled Monument denkmalgeschützt. Geschichte Die genaue Bauzeit der Burg ist nicht bekannt, aber alle heute noch sichtbaren Überreste stammen wohl aus dem Spätmittelalter. Vermutlich kam das Gelände Ende des 15. Jahrhunderts in den Besitz der schottischen Krone, nachdem John, Lord of the Isles, es verwirkt hatte. König Jakob IV. ließ die Burg von Ardcardle (Airds) 1498 befestigen und verlehnte sie mit anderen Ländereien an einen Landbesitzer in Argyll, Sir Adam Reid von Stairquhite und Barskimming. Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts gehörten diese Ländereien zu Baronie Bar der McDonalds von Dunnyveg, fielen aber 1605 an die Reids aus Barskimming zurück. Beschreibung Heute sind von der Burg nur noch Reste der Kurtine erhalten, die einst den gesamten Gipfel des Felssporns mit einer Fläche von 67 Metern × 24 Metern umschloss. Im Nordwesten schützte ein breiter Burggraben mit ebenem Boden die Anlage, während das Gelände an allen anderen Seiten steil abfällt. Der Haupteingang war vermutlich auf der Westseite der Burg und war über einen steilen Weg den Felssporn hinauf zu erreichen. Eine markante Lücke in der Kurtine auf der entgegengesetzten Seite könnte auf die Lage eines Ausfalltores hinweisen. Die Reste der Kurtine weisen eine Dicke von 1,5 Metern auf und stehen heute bis zu einer Höhe von 3,4 Metern. Von evtl. vorhandenen Gebäuden im Burghof gibt es heute keine Spuren mehr. Einzelnachweise Quellen Andrew McKerral: Kintyre in the 17th Century. 1948. Eintrag zu Carradale, Airds Castle auf trove.scot, der Datenbank von Historic Environment Scotland (englisch)
Airds Castle

Airds Castle is a ruined medieval castle near Carradale, Kintyre, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The castle held a position on the summit of a rocky headland between Carradale harbour and the bay of Port Righ, looking across Kilbrannan Sound to the Isle of Arran. History The castle was held by the Lord of the Isles until the late 1400s and helped to defend the border between the lands controlled by the Lord of the Isles and the lands of the King, into whose hands it then passed. King James IV of Scotland granted the castle in 1498 to the Ayrshire landholder Sir Adam Reid of Stairquhite and Barskimming, together with other property in the same area. By the middle of the 16th century, the lands were part of the barony of Bar, in North Kintyre, held by the MacDonalds of Dunnyveg. By 1605 they were back in the possession of the Reid family of Barskimming. In 1972 it was designated a scheduled monument. References McKerral, Andrew (1948). Kintyre in the 17th Century. Historic Environment Scotland. "Carradale, Airds Castle (Site no. NR83NW 2)". Retrieved 8 July 2025.
Castello di Airds

Il castello di Airds è un castello in rovina di epoca medievale, situato nel villaggio di Carradale, nei pressi di Kintyre. Storia e descrizione Il castello, di cui non è nota la data precisa di costruzione, ma probabilmente nel tardo medioevo, fino dalla fine del XV secolo era di proprietà del Signore delle Isole e la sua funzione era quella di dividere le terre che appartenevano a quest'ultimo da quelle reali. Successivamente passò nelle mani del re. Nel 1498 il castello fu affidato da Giacomo IV di Scozia a Sir Adam Reid, insieme ad altre proprietà della stessa area. Nella metà del XVI secolo apparteneva al barone di Bar, detenuto dai MacDonald di Dunnyveg. Nel 1605 tornònuovamente alla famiglia Reid di Barskimming. Il castello si trovava sulla sommità di un promontorio roccioso tra il porto di Carradale e la baia di Port Right e affacciava sull'isola di Arran, da cui è separato dal Kilbrannan Sound. Ne restano poche tracce, come quelle della cortina che racchiudeva l'intero complesso, mentre degli edifici interni non è rimasto nulla. Nel 1972 è stato inserito nella lista degli scheduled monument. Note Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su castello di Airds
Airds of Kells

Airds of Kells is a farm and a small estate in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire in the parish of Kells, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. The Category B listed farmhouse dates from the late 18th century but possibly incorporates parts of an older building. The estate was associated with the Gordons of Lochinvar from the 15th century. Airds of Kells Wood is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest, notified in 1983. It has the largest remaining block of oak woodland in the Water of Ken/River Dee valley. See also List of places in Dumfries and Galloway References External links Scottish Natural Heritage on Airds of Kells Wood
Crannóg im Black Loch

Der Crannóg im Black Loch (auch Stair Estate; Castle Kennedy Policies; Lochinch Castle Policies oder Heron Isle genannt) liegt im Süden des Black Loch (auch Loch Crindil genannt), nördlich des Flugplatzes von Castle Kennedy, östlich von Stranraer in Dumfries and Galloway in Schottland. Der 1882 von Robert Munro (1835–1920) gemeldete Crannóg liegt hoch und trocken auf der von Bergahorn und Stechpalmen bedeckten Heron Isle (deutsch „Reiherinsel“). Der Erd- und Steinhügel hat einen Durchmesser von etwa 18,0 m und wurde durch Ausgrabungen in den frühen 1870er Jahren gestört. Er erscheint nun als runder, um ein ausgehöhltes Zentrum liegender 1,5 m hoher Erdhügel, der sich auf einer zumindest teilweise künstlichen ovalen Insel aus Felsbrocken befindet, die etwa 45,0 × 30,0 m misst. Der Rand der Felsbrocken liegt etwa 10,0 m von der Insel entfernt und verschwindet in einer Tiefe von etwa 3 oder 4 m im Schlick. Gefundene Artefakte stammen aus dem 1.–2. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Im benachbarten White Loch wurde 1870 der Einbaum vom White Loch gefunden. Literatur Charles E. Dalrymple: Notes of the examination of a crannog in the Black Loch, anciently called "Loch Inch-Cryndil," Wigtownshire. Proceedings Society of Antiquaries Scotland, Bd. 9, 1870/73, S. 389 Robert J. C. Mowat: The logboats of Scotland, with notes on related artefact types, Oxbow Monograph series, No. 68. Oxford. 1996, S. 78–79 Weblinks Beschreibung engl. und Bild
Illes Shetland

Les Illes Shetland són un grup d'illes de l'Atlàntic Nord situades entre les illes Fèroe, el sud-oest de Noruega i Gran Bretanya. Lleugerament per sobre del 60°N de latitud, representen l'extrem septentrional del mar del Nord. Administrativament constitueixen un dels 32 comtats d'Escòcia. Les illes tenen 1.469 km², amb una població d'uns 23.212 habitants el 2012, dels quals uns set mil viuen a Lerwick, la capital. El clima n'és humit i fresc, si bé suavitzat per la influència del corrent del Golf. A Lerwick acumulen 1.140 mm en 181 dies de precipitació a l'any. Les temperatures, molt constants al llarg de l'any (per la latitud), són de 7 °C de mitjana, amb 12 °C al juliol i l'agost i 3 °C al gener i febrer. Geografia Del centenar d'illes que conformen l'arxipèlag, només quinze són habitades: Mainland, l'illa més important i on s'aplega el major nombre de població. Hi ha la ciutat de Lerwick, l'antiga capital Scalloway, la terminal petroliera de Sullom Voe i nombrosos jaciments arqueològics, alguns dels quals s'estan excavant (brochs, que són torres de pedra neolítiques o construccions més recents dels víkings i escocesos). Yell, immediatament al nord de Mainland, amb uns 900 habitants. Unst, al nord de Yell, l'illa habitada més al nord del Regne Unit, amb 600 habitants. Antiga base de radar de la Royal Air Force, important colònia d'aus marines (frarets, etc.) a la reserva natural Hermaness, a l'extrem nord de l'illa. Bressay. Fetlar. Whalsay. Muckle Roe. Papa Stour, famosa per haver allotjat una gran comunitat hippie als anys seixanta i setanta Out Skerries. Foula. Fair Isle. Les illes deshabitades més conegudes són Mousa, pel broch de Mousa (el millor exemple d'un edifici de l’edat del ferro a Escòcia), i Out Stack, l'illa més septentrional de les Illes Britàniques. La ubicació de les Shetlands permet una sèrie de registres similars, incloent-hi el castell de Muness, el castell més al nord del Regne Unit. Història i cultura Després de ser colonitzades per escandinaus i formar part de Noruega durant l'edat mitjana, les illes passaren a la Corona Escocesa el 20 de febrer de 1472. Durant la Segona Guerra Mundial barques de les Shetland conegudes com a "Shetland bus" proporcionaren ajuda a la Noruega Ocupada, i n'evacuaren fugitius. Com a llengua de la població, l'antic norn fou suplantat per l'escocès, que al seu torn està substituït per l'anglès. Política Referèndum sobre la independència d'Escòcia de 2014 A les Illes Shetland el No a la independència d'Escòcia va guanyar amb 9.951 vots enfront dels 5.669 a favor del Sí a la independència durant el Referèndum sobre la independència d'Escòcia de 2014. Hi va haver 15 vots nuls. Economia La pesca i la ramaderia han vist perdre pes davant l'explotació del petroli i gas natural dels jaciments propers. Referències Bibliografia Fojut, Noel «Is Mousa a broch?» (en anglès). Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot, 111, 1981.
Shetlandsko otočje

Shetlandsko otočje (engl. Shetland, gaelski Sealtainn, ferojski Hetland) je otočje koje se nalazi sjeveroistočno od obale Škotske. Otoci se nalaze sjeveroistočno od Orkneyskih otoka i oko 280 kilometara jugoistočno od Farskih otoka, s kojima čine granicu između Sjevernog mora na istoku i Atlantskog oceana na zapadu. Ukupna površina otoka je 1466 km² a na otočju živi oko 23 tisuća stanovnika. Najveći otok naziva Mainland površine je 967 km² te je po veličini treći škotski otok i peti britanski otok. Glavno naselje i upravno sjedište otočja je gradić Lerwik. Izvori Vanjske poveznice Službena stranica Visit.Shetland.org Internet prezentacija turističke zajednice Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 8. ožujka 2010. (Wayback Machine) Shetland.org
Szetlandy

Szetlandy (ang. Shetland, wym. [ˈʃɛtlənd], od średnioszkockiego Ȝetland; gael. Sealtainn) – archipelag na Oceanie Atlantyckim, około 200 km na północ od wybrzeży Wielkiej Brytanii. Stanowią odrębną jednostkę administracyjną w ramach Szkocji i stanowią część Wielkiej Brytanii z ośrodkiem administracyjnym w Lerwick. Archipelag składa się ze 117 wysp i wysepek, z czego tylko 16 jest zamieszkanych przez około 23 200 osób. Łączna powierzchnia wysp wynosi 1467 km². Obszar charakteryzuje się pagórkowatym ukształtowaniem – wzniesienia dochodzą do 450 m n.p.m. Do celów statystycznych wyróżnia się 22 obszary (parish, ward). Największe wyspy: Unst Fetlar Yell Papa Stour Whalsay Mainland Bressay Foula Fair Isle Największa wyspa Mainland stanowi 3/4 powierzchni wysp i skupia taki sam odsetek ogółu mieszkańców. W gospodarce Szetlandów dużą rolę odgrywa rybołówstwo, przetwórstwo ropy naftowej, rolnictwo (hodowla owiec i kuców), a także turystyka. Budżet uzupełniają dotacje rządowe. Historia W I tysiącleciu p.n.e. Szetlandy zasiedlone były przez Piktów. Od VII w. były chrystianizowane przez mnichów irlandzkich. Na przełomie VIII i IX w. nastąpiła kolonizacja normańska. Do końca XII w. wyspy pozostawały w rękach królów Norwegii, a do II poł. XV w. – jarlów Orkadów. Normanowie pozostawili po sobie wiele śladów w nazewnictwie i zwyczajach. W roku 1468 Szetlandy wraz z Orkadami dostały się pod panowanie Szkocji jako posag duńskiej księżniczki Margaret zaręczonej z Jakubem III Szkockim. Ucisk miejscowych chłopów przez szkocką szlachtę, która otrzymała na wyspach nadziały ziemi, spowodowały niechęć mieszkańców do wszystkiego, co szkockie. Szkocka kultura i zwyczaje nigdy nie przyjęły się tu w pełni. Dialektem języka norweskiego (norn) mówiono do XVIII w., zaś elementy folkloru skandynawskiego przetrwały do XX wieku. Ani rybołówstwo, ani hodowla, a tym bardziej rolnictwo nie wystarczały do utrzymania się mieszkańcom archipelagu. Znaczącą pozycję w XIX i XX w. utrzymywało rzemiosło, obejmujące przetwórstwo wełny z miejscowych owiec i produkcję doskonałej jakości swetrów, skarpet, czapek, rękawic itp. Tym nie mniej liczba mieszkańców Szetlandów stale malała. W 1861 r. wynosiła ona 31 670, w 1901 – 29 166, w 1920 – 25 520, w 1931 – 21 421, w 1951 – 19 352, a w 1961 – ok. 17 000. Dopiero odkrycie w latach 70. XX w. pokładów ropy naftowej w pobliżu archipelagu odwróciło tę tendencję. Przypisy Linki zewnętrzne Strona oficjalna Szetlandów (ang.) Szetlandy - Podróże Małe i Duże (ang.) Shetland News (ang.) Shetlopedia. shetlopedia.com. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2011-02-02)]. (ang.).
Shetland

Shetland ou, muito raramente, Xetlândia (antigamente escrito Zetland, derivado de Ȝetland), originalmente chamado de Hjaltland, é uma das 32 Áreas de Concelho da Escócia. É um arquipélago a nordeste das Órcades, com uma área total de aproximadamente 1466 km². Ele forma parte da divisão entre o Oceano Atlântico a oeste e o Mar do Norte a leste. Seu centro administrativo, e único burgh, é Lerwick. A sua maior ilha, Mainland, é a terceira maior ilha escocesa e também a terceira maior ilha circundando a Grã-Bretanha. Sua área é de cerca de 969 km². Outras ilhas importantes são Yell e Unst, nas North Isles. Subdivisões As Ilhas Shetland estão subdivididas em 22 paróquias (parish) e wards, que não tem muita significância administrativa, mas que são usadas para propósitos estatísticos. Sound Clickimin North Central Breiwick South Central Harbour e Bressay North Upper Sound, Gulberwick e Quarff Unst e a Ilha de Fetlar Yell Northmavine, Muckle Roe e Busta Delting West Delting East and Lunnasting Nesting, Whiteness, Girlsta e Gott Scalloway Whalsay/Skerries Sandsting, Aithsting e Weisdale Walls, Sandness e Clousta Burra/Trondra Cunningsburgh e Sandwick Sandwick, Levenwick e Bigton Dunrossness Lugares de interesse Fort Charlotte Jarlshof sítio arqueológico Old Scatness sítio arqueológico Muness Castle Scalloway Castle Sumburgh Head Referências Ver também Bandeira de Shetland