Chuvanskoye

Chuvanskoye (Russian: Чуванское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Anadyrsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Russia, located west of Markovo on the banks of the Yeropol river (a tributary of the Anadyr River meaning "place of the Yukaghir games"), about 780 km from the mouth of the Anadyr. Population: 209 (2010 census); with an estimated population as of 1 January 2015 of 188. Municipally, the village is incorporated as Chuvanskoye Rural Settlement. History There are two theories regarding the origin of the name. The first states that Chuvanskoye is simply named after the Chuvans themselves, whereas the second theory suggests that the name is derived from an older tribe, the Cha'achen, who used to live in the area and were a Yukaghir tribe from which the Chukchi themselves eventually developed. Chuvanskoye was founded in 1930 as a collective farm, which was reorganised in the 1940s as the Chuvanskoye Kolkhoz "Znamya Sovetov" (although other sources suggest the village was not formally established until 1951). In the 1960s the Kolkhoz was merged with the collective farm in Markovo and Lamutskoye to form the "Markovsky State Farm". As a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union, small villages like Chuvanskoye were extremely hard hit. In 2000, the monthly living wage across Chukotka was estimated at R.3,800 however, the average wage in Chuvanskoye was a meagre R.50–100. Demographics Population 209 (2010 census); a significant reduction on a 2006 estimate of 290, though this represented an increase from 217 reported in 2005 for an environmental impact report for the Kupol gold project. Of the people living in the village in 2005, all of them were of indigenous origin. Chuvanskoye and the lands surrounding it are the main area of settlement in the autonomous okrug for the Chuvans ethnic group, a branch of the Yukaghir people, who lived near the Anadyr River. Almost all the men in the village spend most of their time in the Taiga with their reindeer herds. The village has a school, library and house of culture. Climate Chuvanskoye has a continental subarctic climate (Dfc). The village experiences extremely cold winters. Temperatures generally do not rise above freezing between the beginning of October and the following May and are generally below −20 °C between the beginning of November and the following February. The summer is short and mild with temperatures averaging above 10 °C in July only, although record temperatures over 30 °C have been recorded. See also List of inhabited localities in Anadyrsky District References Notes Sources Bema Gold Corporation, Environmental Impact Assessment, Kupol Gold Project, Far East Russia June 2005. Chereshev, E and Shestakov, A. (2003) Anadyr River Watershed, Rapid Assessment Report, Institute of biological Problems of the North, Wild Salmon Centre. W. K. Dallmann. Indigenous Peoples of the north of the Russian Federation, Map 3.6, Chukotskiy Avtonomyy Okrug. 1997. Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №33-ОЗ от 30 июня 1998 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №55-ОЗ от 9 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня его официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №7 (28), 14 мая 1999 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #33-OZ of June 30, 1998 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #55-OZ of June 9, 2012 On Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.). (in Russian) Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №148-ОЗ от 24 ноября 2008 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №24-ОЗ от 1 апреля 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение 2 к Закону Чукотского автономного округа "О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №46/1 (373/1), 28 ноября 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #148-OZ of November 24, 2008 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #24-OZ of April 1, 2011 On Amending Appendix 2 of the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication date.). (in Russian) McKnight, Tom L; Hess, Darrel (2000). "Climate Zones and Types". Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-020263-0. M Strogoff, P-C Brochet, and D. Auzias Petit Futé: Chukotka (2006). "Avant-Garde" Publishing House.