NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Túnel do Rossio

Der Túnel do Rossio, zu deutsch „Rossiotunnel“, ist der Verbindungstunnel zwischen dem innerstädtischen Bahnhof Lissabon Rossio und dem Bahnhof Campolide an der Linha de Cintura. Der Tunnel bildet gleichzeitig die ersten Kilometer der bekannten Linha de Sintra. Der zweigleisige Tunnel ist 2613 Meter lang und hat eine Höhe von 6 Metern unterhalb der Gewölbedecke. Der Tunnel besitzt eine maximale Neigung von einem Prozent, vom Tunnelanfang beim Bahnhof Campolide geht es etwa 24–26 Meter bergab. Die Bauarbeiten für den Tunnel begannen im Jahr 1887. Die ersten Probezüge durch den neuen Tunnel konnten erst ab dem 8. April 1889 fahren, die offizielle Eröffnung des zukünftigen Hauptbahnhofes und damit des Tunnels fand am 11. Juni 1890 statt. Die Kosten für den Bau des Bahnhofes und des Tunnels beliefen sich auf 730.000 Réis. Der Tunnel gilt als eines der wichtigsten Bauwerke der portugiesischen Ingenieurskunst des 19. Jahrhunderts. Die 200.000 Kubikmeter Erde, die beim Aushub des Tunnels entstanden, wurden später am Tejo-Ufer zwischen Cais do Sodré und Santos verbaut. 2004 stellte das Nationale Labor für Zivilingenieurswissenschaften (Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil) fest, dass die Tunneldecke des Rossio-Tunnels starke Risse hat, sodass die REFER und das portugiesische Verkehrsministerium eine grundlegende Sanierung des Tunnels und auch des Bahnhofsgebäudes beschlossen. Seit dem 22. Oktober 2004 waren der Bahnhof und der Tunnel gesperrt, die Züge der Linha de Sintra fuhren seitdem über die Linha de Cintura bis zum Bahnhof Lissabon-Oriente und darüber hinaus. Während der Sanierungsarbeiten erhielt der Bahnhof eine neue betonierte Tunneldecke sowie ein festes Gleisbett. Zudem schuf die ausführende REFER einen Verbindungstunnel für Notfälle zwischen dem Eisenbahntunnel und dem Autobahntunnel Túnel do Marquês. Die Wiederöffnung hatte die REFER zunächst für 2006 angekündigt. Sie erfolgte letztendlich am 16. Februar 2008. Einzelnachweise Weblinks Umfassender Bericht zur Sanierung des Tunnels, herausgegeben von der REFER (Memento vom 7. November 2013 im Internet Archive) (portugiesisch, PDF-Datei, 10,93 MB)
Túnel do Rossio

Túnel do Rossio (Tunel Rossio) – tunel kolejowy w Lizbonie, łączący centrum miasta i dworzec Rossio z dworcem Campolide na Linha de Cintura. Tunel jest również elementem Linha de Sintra. Dwutorowy tunel ma 2613 metrów długości i wysokość 6 metrów. Tunel ma maksymalny gradient wynoszący jeden procent, począwszy od wlotu tunelu w Campolide, co daje około 24–26 metrów różnicy wysokości. Historia Prace budowlane nad tunelem rozpoczęły się w 1887. Pierwsze pociągi testowe przejechały przez nowy tunel 8 kwietnia 1889. Uroczyste otwarcie przyszłego głównego dworca kolejowego, a tym samym tunelu miało miejsce 11 czerwca 1890. Koszt budowy stacji i tuneli wyniósł 730 000 Réis. Tunel jest jednym z najważniejszych zabytków inżynierii portugalskiej XIX wieku. W 2004 Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil oceniło, że sufit tunelu Rossio ma silne spękania, dlatego REFER i portugalskie Ministerstwo Transportu przyjęło plan gruntownej modernizacji tunelu i budynku stacji. Od 22 października 2004 stacja i tunel zostały wyłączone z ruchu na Linha de Sintra, a wszystkiego pociągi były kierowane na Linha de Cintura, w kierunku stacji Lisboa Oriente. Podczas prac remontowych dworca, tunel otrzymał nowy strop i solidne podłoże torowe. Ponadto zbudowano łącznik pomiędzy tunelem Rossio i autostradowym Túnel do Marquês, służący jako droga ewakuacyjna w nagłych przypadkach. Ponowne uruchomienie tunelu i dworca miało miejsce 16 lutego 2008. Przypisy
Boaventura (farnost)

Boaventura je farnost na severu portugalského ostrova Madeira. Administrativně patří Boaventura pod okres São Vicente. V roce 2021 zde žilo 1 034 obyvatel, což je nejméně od roku 1864, kdy máme první údaje o počtu obyvatel. Historie Nejstarším osadníkem byl Pedro Gomes Galdo, který v této lokalitě získal pozemky a založil kapli São Cristóvão (místo, které si dodnes zachovalo toto jméno). Z Elucidária Madeirense (encyklopedie o souostroví Madeira) není jasný původ místní toponymie (která dokonce chybí i ve farním archivu), navíc existuje variace: Boaventura nebo Boa Ventura. Alberto Artur Sarmento se v knize Freguesias da Madeira (portugalsky farnosti Madeiry) domnívá, že název pochází od prvního osadníka, který se pravděpodobně jmenoval Boaventura. Bez ohledu na to je faktem, že se název objevuje těsně před polovinou 16. století, což předchází založení církevní farnosti. Portugalský král Jan V. povolil 4. února 1733 panovnickým dekretem vytvoření církevní farnosti. Teprve až 18. listopadu 1836 vydal António Alfredo de Santa Catarina Braga, guvernér biskupa, listinu, která duchovní správu formálně povýšila na církevní farnost a nyní už nepatřila pod správu farnosti Ponta Delgada. Sídlem této farnosti se stala kaple Santa Quitéria, postavená na místě Serrão v roce 1731 (a později dostavěná v roce 1835). Dlouhou dobu patřily pozemky k dědičným statkům rodin Serrão a Silveira a v poslední době Curado de Vasconcelos a Licio de Lagos. Geografie a ekonomika Na severu hranici farnosti vymezuje pobřeží Atlantského oceánu, na východě sousedí s okresem Santana, na jihu s okresem Funchal a na západě s farnostmi Ponta Delgada a São Vicente, které jsou také součástí okresu São Vicente. Většina obyvatel se živí zemědělstvím, ale nachází se zde i malá továrna na střešní tašky využívající jíl, který se v oblasti vyskytuje a je odolný vůči slané vodě. Odkazy Reference V tomto článku byly použity překlady textů z článků Boaventura, São Vicente na anglické Wikipedii a Boa Ventura (São Vicente) na portugalské Wikipedii. Externí odkazy Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu Boaventura, Madeira na Wikimedia Commons
Boaventura (São Vicente)

Boaventura oder auch Boa Ventura ist eine Gemeinde (Freguesia) an der Nordküste der portugiesischen Insel Madeira, im Kreis (Concelho) von São Vicente. Die Gemeinde hat eine Fläche von 25,3 km² und 1034 Einwohner (Stand 19. April 2021). Der Dichter Antero de Quental (1842–1891) lebte und arbeitete hier eine Zeit, anlässlich eines Besuches seiner hier lebenden Tante. Er wohnte im heute denkmalgeschützten Herrenhaus Solar da Silveira aus dem späten 18. Jahrhundert. Küstenwanderweg Vom Ortsteil São Cristovão verbindet ein alter Königsweg (port. caminho real) mit Arco de São Jorge. Für die landschaftlich reizvolle Strecke sind hin und zurück etwa zwei Gehstunden zu veranschlagen. Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Boaventura (São Vicente)

Boaventura es una freguesia portuguesa del concelho de São Vicente, con 26,20 km² de superficie y 1.537 habitantes (2001). Su densidad de población es de 58,7 hab/km². Enlaces externos Vicente Boaventura en freguesiasdeportugal.com (en portugués) Gobierno Regional de la Región Autónoma de Madeira (en portugués)
Boaventura (São Vicente)

Boaventura est une freguesia portugaise située dans la ville de São Vicente, dans la région autonome de Madère. Avec une superficie de 26,20 km2 et une population de 1 537 habitants (2001), la paroisse possède une densité de 58,7 hab/km2. Article connexe Îlot Preto Liens externes Site officiel de la freguesia Portail de Madère
Boaventura (São Vicente)

Boaventura é uma povoação portuguesa sede da Freguesia de Boaventura do Município de São Vicente, freguesia com 26,20 km² de área e 1034 habitantes (censo de 2021), tendo, por isso, uma densidade populacional de 39,5 hab./km². Boa Ventura localiza-se a uma latitude de 32° 58' e a uma longitude de -17° 5'. Tem costa no Oceano Atlântico, a norte, fazendo fronteira com as freguesias de Ponta Delgada (no município de São Vicente), a oeste, do Arco de São Jorge (no município de Santana), e com a sede do município, São Vicente, estando a ela ligada por uma velha estrada regional. É uma freguesia essencialmente rural, composta na sua maior parte por terrenos agrícolas. À medida que se avança para sul, a freguesia torna-se mais montanhosa, sendo particularmente íngreme na fronteira com a freguesia do Curral das Freiras (Município de Câmara de Lobos). Demografia A população registada nos censos foi: Património Património arquitectónico referenciado no SIPA: Casa da Silveira / Solar da Silveira Casa do Povo de São Vicente Sítios Referências
Боавентура (Сан-Висенте)

Боавентура (порт. Boaventura) — район (фрегезия) в Португалии, входит в округ Мадейра. Расположен на острове Мадейра. Является составной частью муниципалитета Сан-Висенте. Население составляет 1537 человек на 2001 год. Занимает площадь 26,20 км².
33 Rua do Carmo, Funchal

33 Rua do Carmo is an historical building located at 33 Rua do Carmo, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. It is likely that the building was built in 1836 in the Moorish Revival style as the Sha'ar Hashamayim Synagogue or Funchal Synagogue, a former Jewish congregation and synagogue. History Jews from Morocco arrived in 1819 and set themselves up in the cloth and wine trades. The Abudarham family (originally from Gibraltar) were involved in the Madeira wine industry from the early 1860s onwards. Rabbi David Zaguri became its spiritual leader in 1857. Another period of immigration followed in the 20th century, with the arrival of refugees from the First and Second World Wars. The Jewish community also grew due to the Evacuation of the Gibraltarian civilian population during World War II to Madeira, which included a number of Jews, some of which are buried in the Jewish Cemetery of Funchal. Tito Benady, a historian on Gibraltar Jewry, noted that when some 200 Jews from Gibraltar were evacuated as non combatants to Funchal, Madeira, at the start of World War II, they found a Jewish cemetery that belonged to the Abudarham family. The same family after whom the Abudarham Synagogue in Gibraltar was named. The Jewish Cemetery of Funchal located in nearby Rua do Lazareto, was built in 1851, the last burial took place in 1976. See also History of the Jews in Madeira History of the Jews in Portugal List of synagogues in Portugal References External links Media related to 33, Rua do Carmo, Funchal at Wikimedia Commons
Свети кръст (Коимбра)

Манастирът „Свети кръст“ (на португалски: Mosteiro de Santa Cruz) е католически августински манастир в град Коимбра, Португалия. Институцията е получила много папски привилегии и дарения от първите царе на Португалия, превръщайки се в най-важния манастир в кралството. Неговото училище е едно от най-добрите учебни заведения в средновековна Португалия, известно с огромната си библиотека. Основан през 1131 година, манастирът е основният религиозен център на Португалското кралство през неговите първи години, като в неговата църква са погребани първите двама португалски крале – Афонсу Енрикеш и Саншу I. Оригиналната сграда на манастира и църквата Санта Круз е построена между 1132 и 1223 година с проект на майстор Роберто, известен романски художник. Интериор През 16 век първоначалният романски архитектурен комплекс е изцяло преустроен в късноготическия стил мануелин. Амвонът от 1520 година е уникално творение на Жан Руански. Той е постановен на каменна химера и украсен с фигури на Аврелий Августин, Йероним Стридонски и Климент I. В Главната капела на храма са поставени гробниците на първите крале на Португалия Афонсу I и Саншу I. Тези великолепни гробници, съчетават елементи на Готиката и ренесанса, създадени през XVI век от Николя Шантерен вместо примитивните средновековни; над саркофазите лежат скулптурни фигури на кралете в рицарски доспехи. На Николя Шантерен принадлежи и декоративната каменна катедра, наситена с пищност, която се счита един от върховете в творчеството на твореца. През XVIII век интериорът на църквата е допълнен с нов орган в стил барок. Галерия Източници
Monestir de Santa Cruz

El monestir de Santa Cruz (en portuguès mosteiro de Santa Cruz) és un monestir situat a la en la freguesia de Santa Cruz, al districte de Coïmbra, Portugal. Va ser fundat pels canonges regulars de la Santa Creu el 28 de juny de 1131. La seva fundació fou recolzada pels monarques Alfons I i Sanç I de Portugal, que hi jeuen enterrats. L'art i l'arquitectura del monestir destaquen en tot el país, especialment per les incorporacions del període manuelí. Galeria d'imatges Referències
Monastère de la Sainte-Croix de Coïmbre

Le monastère de la Sainte-Croix (en portugais : Moistero de Santa Cruz) se trouve dans la freguesia (commune) de Santa Cruz à Coimbra au Portugal. Ce monastère de chanoines réguliers a été fondé par saint Théoton et ses compagnons en 1132. Historique Le roi Alphonse Ier fait don d'un terrain à saint Théoton, moine bénédictin, qui va dès lors, avec ses compagnons, y fonder l'ordre des chanoines de la Sainte-Croix, reconnu par le pape Innocent II en 1135. Le monastère accueille la sépulture d'Alphonse Ier et de Sanche Ier. Le premier édifice avec l'église de la Sainte-Croix est de style roman. Il est achevé en 1223. Son école devient une des écoles les plus prestigieuses du pays. Elle forme des clercs et envoie des missionnaires dans les terres espagnoles demeurées sous le joug musulman, ainsi qu'en Afrique du Nord. Son scriptorium (conservé en grande partie au musée municipal de Porto) est l'un des plus riches de l'époque médiévale. Saint Antoine de Padoue, qui était chanoine de la Sainte-Croix avant de devenir franciscain, y étudia. Le roi Manuel Ier ordonne la reconstruction de l'ensemble monastique en 1507 dans un style flamboyant dit aujourd'hui « style manuélin ». Les sarcophages royaux sont transportés à leur emplacement actuel. Les chanoines réguliers de la Sainte-Croix en sont chassés sous le gouvernement anti-congrégationniste de 1834. Illustrations Voir aussi Articles connexes Style manuélin Chanoines réguliers de la Sainte-Croix de Coïmbre Liens externes Ressources relatives à l'architecture : Directorate General of Cultural Heritage Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico Portail de l’architecture chrétienne Portail du catholicisme Portail des monuments nationaux du Portugal
Castle of Idanha-a-Nova

The Castle Idanha-a-Nova (Portuguese: Castelo de Indanha-a-Nova) is a medieval castle located in Idanha-a-Nova, in the District of Castelo Branco, Portugal. History Early history Under the reign of D. Afonso Henriques (1112–1185), the land surrounding the village and the castle were donated to Order of the Templar heritage land extended to Beira Baixa, with the donation of Idanha-a-Velha and Monsanto, D. Gualdim Pais, 6 Master of the Order in Portugal. It was issued a Foral Charter in a text by the sovereign on November 30, 1165. Later, his son and successor, D. Sancho I (1185–1211), in 1197, confirmed the donation of Idanha-a-Velha to 7 Master of the Order, D. Lopo Fernandes, who added, in 1199, with the donation Herdade da Açafa. There formed a vast domain that stretched from Idanha term to the Belver. Medieval era Its structure follows the same architectural lines characteristics of the Knights Templar, the castles of Almourol, Monsanto, Pombal, Tomar and Zezere, his contemporaries. King Sancho I (1185–1211) granted a foral charter in 1201 in order to encourage the settlement and defence of the land. His successor, King Alfonso II (1211–1223), confirmed this charter in 1219, renaming the village with the current place names (Idanha-a-Nova), to distinguish it from the old Idanha (hereinafter Idanha-a -Velha), eighteen kilometers away. The village of Idanha-a-Nova has developed a lot since then, at the same time Idanha-a-Velha went into steady decline. In the late fifteenth century, King Manuel I (1495–1521), was surprised with the difference in the development of the two Idanhas (1496) and in June 1510, recognizing the progress of Idanha-a-Nova, granted him New charter. At this time, the town and its castle, including the layout, was recorded down by Duarte de Armas in his Book of Fortresses in 1509. Post-middle ages Over the years, the castle has been neglected and fell into ruin. The ruins of the castle prove to be a popular local tourist attraction. It is classified as a National Monument. See also Idanha-a-Velha Knights Templar in Portugal References
Quinta do Relógio

Quinta do Relógio (literal translation: Clock Tower Estate) is a quinta located near the historic center of Sintra, on the Portuguese Riviera. It is classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO within the "Cultural Landscape of Sintra". Along with the nearby palaces such as Seteais Palace and the Quinta da Regaleira next to it, it is considered one of the tourist attractions of Sintra. The property consists of a romantic palace and chapel, and a park. Relógio was featured in numerous publications internationally including Variety magazine, and Architectural Digest, when pop star Madonna reportedly purchased the property. History The estate, or quinta in Portuguese, was acquired by José de Sousa Coutinho, 15th Count of Redondo during the second half of the 18th century. During the reign of Dom Pedro V of Portugal, the architect António Manuel da Fonseca Jr. was commissioned to design and construct the palace. His design was influenced by Romanticism and Mudéjar Moorish Revival architecture with Neo-Manueline elements. The style is similar to nearby Monserrate Palace and elements of Pena Palace. The Islamic architectural influence is in reference to when the region was a part of the wider Muslim Gharb Al-Andalus until the 13th century. Later, the estate was acquired by a millionaire who ordered the construction of a clock tower (in Portuguese: Relógio) that would give the estate its name. The clock tower was later demolished and it is unclear where exactly its location was. In May 1886 crown prince Dom Carlos and princess Amélie of Orléans spent part of their honeymoon here. The estate had fallen into disrepair, and had been put up for sale. It was classified in 1997 as a property of public interest and included as part of the World Heritage Site "Cultural Landscape of Sintra". Architecture The palace is considered one of the most important monuments of the Portuguese Moorish Revival style. It is on the perimeter of the Natural Park of Sintra-Cascais. Above the main entrance there is an Arabic inscription which reads: "Wa lā ghāliba illā-llāh (There is no victor but God)" which was the motto of the Emir of Granada. The house has four floors with about 1500m2 of floor area. The estate has an area of 22.144m2. Next to the actual palace is also the house of servants, which has been refurbished. Park The garden is designed in a romantic style with a lake, several springs and fountains and is surrounded by lush greenery with rare species such as pines, centuries-old oak trees, palm trees, cedars, magnolias, camellias and fuchsias, among many others. The park offers views towards the Castle of the Moors. See also Quinta da Regaleira Seteais Palace Castle of the Moors References External links Media related to Quinta do Relógio at Wikimedia Commons Official Facebook page
Quinta do Relógio

A Quinta do Relógio é uma quinta localizada perto do centro histórico de Sintra, na Costa do Estoril . É classificada como Património Mundial da UNESCO, integrando a "Paisagem Cultural de Sintra". Juntamente com palácios vizinhos, como o Palácio de Seteais e a Quinta da Regaleira, é considerada uma das atrações turísticas de Sintra. A propriedade é composta por um palácio romântico, uma capela e um parque. Está classificada desde 1997 como imóvel de interesse público e incluída como parte da área "Paisagem Cultural de Sintra" classificada como Património Mundial. História A quinta foi adquirida por José de Sousa Coutinho, 15º Conde de Redondo, durante a segunda metade do século XVIII. Durante o reinado de Dom Pedro V de Portugal, o arquiteto António Tomás da Fonseca foi incumbido de projetar e construir o palácio. O projeto tem influências românticas e neo-árabes, acrescido de elementos neomanuelinos. O estilo é semelhante ao do Palácio de Monserrate, e a elementos do Palácio da Pena. A influência da arquitetura islâmica refere-se ao período em que a região fazia parte do Gharb Al-Andalus muçulmano, até ao século XIII. Mais tarde, a propriedade foi adquirida por um milionário, que ordenou a construção de uma torre de relógio, a qual, mais tarde, daria nome à propriedade. Esta foi posteriormente demolida e não se sabe ao certo onde ficava. Em maio de 1886, os recém-casados príncipe Dom Carlos e a princesa Amélia de Orleães passaram parte da lua de mel nesta quinta. A propriedade havia caído em ruínas e fora colocada à venda. A Quinta do Relógio foi destaque em diversas publicações internacionais, incluindo a revista Variety e a Architectural Digest, quando a estrela pop Madonna alegadamente adquiriu a propriedade. Arquitetura O palácio é considerado um dos monumentos mais importantes do estilo neo-árabe português. Situa-se no perímetro do Parque Natural de Sintra-Cascais. Acima da entrada principal há uma inscrição em árabe que diz: "Wa lā ghāliba illā-llāh (Não há vencedor senão Deus)", que era o lema do Emir de Granada . A casa possui quatro andares e conta com cerca de 1500m2. A propriedade em si tem uma área de 22.144m2. Ao lado do palácio propriamente dito também fica a casa dos criados, que foi reformada. Jardim O jardim foi projetado em estilo romântico com um lago, várias nascentes e fontes e é rodeado por vegetação exuberante com espécies raras como pinheiros, carvalhos centenários, palmeiras, cedros, magnólias, camélias e fúchsias, entre muitas outras. O jardim também oferece vista para o Castelo dos Mouros. Veja também Quinta da Regaleira Palácio de Seteais Castelo dos Mouros Referências Links externos Media relacionados com Quinta do Relógio no Wikimedia Commons Página oficial do Facebook