NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Јужно острво

Јужно острво (енгл. South Island, маор. Te Waipounamu) је једно од два главна острва Новог Зеланда (друго је Северно острво). Има површину од 151.215 km², што га чини дванаестим острвом по величини на свету. Дуж западне обале Јужног острва пружа се ланац планина Јужни Алпи, чији највиши врх је Кук са 3,754 метара изнад нивоа мора. На острву постоји 9 националних паркова, а познато је и по скијалиштима. Први европљани који су стигли до овог острва били су у експедицији Холанђанина Абела Тасмана. Његова два брода су стигла у Златни залив на северу острва децембра 1642. У 19. веку неке мапе су називале острво „Средња земља“ или „Нови Алстер“. На острву живи 1.096.200 људи, што је око четвртина народа Новог Зеланда. У прошлости (19. век) овде је живела већина становништва. Острво је подељено у седам региона: Нелсон, Марлборо, Тасман, Отаго, Кентербури, Западна обала, Јужна земља. Највећи градови на острву су Крајстчерч, Данедин, Инверкаргил, Нелсон, Вестпорт, Хокитика, Бленхајм, Тимару, Оамару. Пошто је 32% веће од Северног острва, Јужно острво се понекад назива и „копно“ Новог Зеланда. Ono је дом за 23 одсто од 5,1 милиона становника Новог Зеланда. Након златних грозница током 1860-их у раним фазама насељавања земље Пакехама (Европљанима), Јужно острво је имало већину европског становништва и богатства. Популација Северног острва претекла је јужно острво почетком 20. века, са 56% становништва Новог Зеланда које је живело на Северном острву 1911. Насељавање људи и предузећа на северу се наставило и током двадесетог века. Географија Референце Литература Спољашње везе „New Zealand in History”. Архивирано из оригинала 03. 12. 2022. г. Приступљено 22. 08. 2021. – an overview of pre-historic, colonial and modern periods. Catholic Encyclopedia – entry on New Zealand from the 1911 edition „New Zealand Official Yearbook”. Архивирано из оригинала 25. 03. 2012. г.. CS1 одржавање: Неподобан URL (веза) annual 1893–2008 „Waitangi Treaty Grounds website”. Архивирано из оригинала 27. 08. 2011. г.. CS1 одржавање: Неподобан URL (веза) NZHistory.net.nz – New Zealand history website from the Ministry for Culture and Heritage, including an ever-growing number of multimedia features on a wide range of topics. Early New Zealand Books Collection – 260 searchable books 1805–1870 „New Zealand Journal of History”. Архивирано из оригинала 15. 10. 2023. г. Приступљено 22. 08. 2021. – 1967– except latest issues Coololdphotos (23. 4. 2015). „Map of Early 19th Century Missions in New Zealand”. Cool Old Photos. Архивирано из оригинала 22. 04. 2021. г. Приступљено 22. 08. 2021. CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
Sydön

Sydön (engelska: South Island) är den största av Nya Zeelands öar med en yta på 151 215 km². Öns namn på maori är Te Wai Pounamu, som betyder "Grönstensvattnet", där "grönsten" syftar på jade, eller Te Waka a Maui, som betyder "Mauis kanot". Sydön hyser ungefär 25 % av landets befolkning. Ön är världens 12:e största ö, och längs öns västra kust löper bergskedjan Sydalperna. Mount Cook är dess högsta punkt, på 3 754 meter över havet. Historik Ön upptäcktes av människorna i västvärlden 1642 av Abel Janszoon Tasman, som först trodde han kommit till Sydamerika. Städer Alexandra Ashburton Blenheim Christchurch Dunedin Invercargill Greymouth Hokitika Kaikoura Lyttelton Mosgiel Methven Murchison Nelson Oamaru Okarito Omarama Picton Queenstown Te Anau Timaru Waikouaiti Waimate Wanaka Westport Se även Nordön Källor Fotnoter
Elim Christian College

Elim Christian College is a state-integrated coeducational secondary school located in Botany, Auckland, New Zealand. Established in 1988, the school currently caters for approximately 1000 students from new entrants to Year 13, including over 50 international students. The school is associated with Elim Christian Centre. On 15 April 2008, six students and a teacher from the school died in a flash flood while canyoning the Mangatepopo Stream in Tongariro National Park. In 2011 Principal Murray Burton was made a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, and the teacher and one of the six students who died given medals for bravery. Elim integrated with Hebron Christian College in 2018. In 2024, Elim Christian College opened a new Henderson campus at the former site of Laidlaw College. See also Mangatepopo Canyon Disaster References External links Elim Christian College website
Kohirā Solar Farm

The Kohirā solar farm is a photovoltaic power station near Kaitaia in the Far North District of New Zealand. The farm is owned by Lodestone Energy. The farm generates 55 GWh of electricity a year, with a nameplate capacity of 32 MWp DC and 23 MW AC. The farm uses elevated racks, allowing the area underneath the panels to be used for sheep pasture. Construction of the farm began in December 2022. It generated its first electricity in November 2023. It began transmitting electricity to the grid in February 2024. As the first solar farm in New Zealand to exceed 10 MW, Kohirā was also the first solar farm required to participate in the wholesale electricity market. The farm was gifted the name "Kohirā" ("suncatcher") by local iwi Te Rarawa. See also Solar power in New Zealand References
Butterfly Creek (zoo)

Butterfly Creek is a wildlife facility located adjacent to Auckland Airport, Auckland, New Zealand. Opening in 2003, the facility primarily exhibits exotic species, including a butterfly garden and two saltwater crocodiles, the only members of their species kept in New Zealand. History Situated on approximately 8 acres (3.2 ha) of land, it was initially established as a walk-through butterfly garden (the butterfly house remaining the flagship attraction of the place) and has now expanded to having a number of both native and exotic animal species including two saltwater crocodiles (the only two of their species to be kept in New Zealand) named Goldie and Scar. These were brought from Australia in 2009 after initially being removed from the wild by wildlife authorities, after concerns for locals and livestock in the area. The park has become regarded as a secondary zoo for people living in the Auckland city region as-well as a tourist attraction for visiting domestic and international visitors due to its location near the airport. Another feature of the park stated to be a significant drawcard of visitation is lifelike replicas of extinct and mythical creatures such as the extinct moa bird of New Zealand, animatronic models of dinosaurs and models of some mythical creatures. These like the wildlife residence are exhibited throughout the gardens of the park. Wildlife exhibits Butterfly House Crocodilians American alligator Saltwater crocodile Reptiles Exotic Mammals Cotton-top tamarin Emperor tamarin Meerkat Small-clawed otter South African crested porcupine Kiwi House North Island brown kiwi (some smaller exhibits for species of wētā at different times) New Zealand Eels Shortfin eel Buttermilk Farm Tropical Marine Aquarium Blue tang Red coris wrasse Silver mono Yellow-tail blue damselfish Tropical Freshwater Aquarium Animatronic and replica statue exhibits Extinct Megafuna is represented at the park with a life-sized replica model of the now extinct North Island giant moa, one of the largest flightless-birds to ever exist and was a native to the islands of New Zealand until according to some sources was hunted into non-existence. Dinosaur Kingdom is an exhibit at the park which includes a number of animatronic models of dinosaurs built to what the species life-sized body size dimensions would have been. The animatronic dinosaurs include replicas of the species: ankylosaurus, dilophosaurus, diplodocus, parasaurolophus, spinosaurus, stegosaurus, triceratops, tyrannosaurus rex and velociraptor. Mythical Creatures is a similar pair of exhibits in the park which include models of fantasy creatures of myths and legends such as dragons, unicorns, mermaids, sea serpents, a kraken and also aliens. Gallery References External links Official website
Tahuna Torea Nature Reserve

Tahuna Torea is a nature reserve in Auckland, New Zealand, in the suburb of Glendowie. The reserve is a coastal wetland and sandspit containing freshwater ponds, mangroves, and walking tracks through bush and overland. Naming Tahuna Torea is a Māori-language phrase meaning "sandbank of the oystercatcher". History Precolonial history Tahuna Torea was a foodbasket for the growing of kūmara and the gathering of seafood, as well as growing flax and raupō for weaving. Hoturoa of Tainui waka landed at Tohuna Torea on his travels around Tāmaki. The west bank of the Tāmaki river, including Tohuna Torea, was the most highly populated part of Auckland due to its rich soil. Development into a reserve Wildlife The reserve has a large range of native birds including stilts, herons, kingfishers and ducks. There are fifty species of birds that inhabit Tahuna Torea and the adjacent estuary. These include the Welcome Swallow, the Shining Cuckoo (a summer visitor), and the Little Shag. Features The Glendowie to Tahuna Torea path is a main feature. Gallery References
Dog Island Lighthouse

Dog Island Lighthouse ist ein Leuchtturm in Region Southland an der Südküste der Südinsel Neuseelands. Sie liegt in der Foveauxstraße, etwa 3 km südöstlich von Bluff. Er wird von Maritime New Zealand betrieben. Der Turm war der zweite von James Melville Balfour, damals Seeingenieur der Provinz Otago, entworfene Leuchtturm. Die technische Ausstattung des Turmes wurde gemeinsam mit dem Leuchtfeuer für das Taiaroa Head Lighthouse auf der City of Dunedin vom schottischen Glasgow nach Port Chalmers verschifft. Diese Fahrt dauerte vom 5. Juni bis 3. September 1963. Der Bau des Turmes wurde im Februar 1864 ausgeschrieben und am 8. April in Auftrag gegeben. Der damals 33,5 m hohe schwarz-weiße Turm wurde aus vor Ort gebrochenem Stein gemauert. Damit stellt er eine Ausnahme zu den in Neuseeland üblichen hölzernen, später gusseisernen Türmen dar. Der Bau des bis heute höchsten Leuchtturmes Neuseelands kostete mehr als 10.000 £. Die Inbetriebnahme erfolgte am 1. August 1865. Die anfangs drei Leuchtturmwärter wurden alle drei Monate von einem Versorgungsschiff der Regierung mit Brennstoff und Versorgungsgütern versorgt. Erst mit dem Bau einer Landebahn auf der Insel in den 1960er Jahren reduzierte sich der Abstand auf 2 Wochen. Da der Turm auf weichem Erdgrund errichtet worden war, begann er sich 1871 zu neigen. Nach mehreren Reparaturversuchen wurde er 1918 mit einer Hülle aus Stahlbeton umgeben und dabei auf die heutige Höhe von 37 m erhöht. Der Turm erhielt das erste rotierende Leuchtfeuer des Landes, das aus 16 Öllampen mit je einer eigenen Linse bestand. 1925 wurde der Turm jedoch auf die sonst übliche Bauart mit einer um eine einzige Lampe rotierenden Linse umgebaut. 1954 wurde der Turm elektrifiziert und von einem Dieselgenerator versorgt. 1989 wurde er automatisiert und wird seitdem wie alle Leuchttürme Neuseelands von einem zentralen Kontrollraum am Sitz von Maritime New Zealand in Wellington ferngesteuert. Im September 1999 erhielt der Turm ein modernes rotierendes Leuchtfeuer mit 35 Watt-Halogenlampe, das durch akkugepufferte Solarzellen versorgt wird. Das Leuchtfeuer von 1925 befindet sich als Leihgabe von Maritime New Zealand im Museum Wellington. Am 22. November 1984 wurde der Turm vom New Zealand Historic Places Trust unter der Nummer 395 als Historic Place Category 1 registriert. Weblinks Dog Island. Maritime New Zealand, abgerufen am 18. Oktober 2018 (englisch). Einzelnachweise
Phare de Dog Island (Nouvelle-Zélande)

Le phare de Dog Island est un phare situé sur Dog Island, une petite île dans le détroit de Foveaux (région de Southland - île du Sud), en Nouvelle-Zélande. Le phare est enregistré par le Heritage New Zealand depuis novembre 1984 en tant que structure de catégorie I, et le chalet des gardiens de phare adjacent est immatriculé en catégorie II. Histoire Le phare de Dog Island a été mis en service le 5 août 1865. Il marque l'entrée du port de Bluff, la ville la plus australe du pays. Il est le plus haut phare de Nouvelle-Zélande et l'un de ses plus anciens. À l'origine il était géré par trois gardiens de phare. La station de signalisation est depuis 1989 contrôlée à distance depuis le bureau de Wellington, et l'île est inhabitée depuis. Il n'y a pas d'accès sur l'île. L'objectif tournant, posé en 1925, est maintenant exposé au Wellington Museum (en) Description Le phare est une tour circulaire en pierre, avec lanterne et galerie, de 36 m de haut. Le phare est peint en blanc, avec deux bandes noires. Il émet, à une hauteur focale de 46 m, un flash blanc toutes les 10 secondes. Sa portée nominale est de 19 milles nautiques (environ 35 km). Identifiant : ARLHS : NZL-019 - Amirauté : K4394 - NGA : 5428 . Caractéristique du feu maritime Fréquence : 10 secondes (W) Lumière : 0.1 seconde Obscurité : 9.9 secondes Voir aussi Notes et références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Dog Island Lighthouse » (voir la liste des auteurs). Lien connexe Liste des phares de Nouvelle-Zélande Liens externes (en) Site du Maritime New Zealand University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's The Lighthouse Directory: Lighthouses of New Zealand: North Island Lighthouses of New Zealand: South Island (en) Online List of Lights - New Zeland (en) Liste ARLHS - New Zeland (en) Dog Island Lighthouse - Site Lightphotos.net (en) Dog Island Lighthouse - Lighthouse Explorer List of lights (New Zeland) Portail des phares Portail de l’océan Pacifique Portail de la Nouvelle-Zélande
St Peter's Church, Onehunga

St Peter's is an Anglican church in Onehunga, Auckland, New Zealand. Originally constructed in 1848, a new structure was built around the old church in 1930. Description The original St Peter's was a Selwyn church and followed a cruciform plan, equal span to the nave and transepts. It had a high pitched gable roof and a central belltower. The windows were vertical with diamond panes and the interior boards were vertical. Horizontal bracing was visible on the external walls. History In 1847 the site of the church was granted to the Anglican Church. Reverend Arthur Purchas was appointed to the Parish of Onehunga, which went as far south as Waiuku. St Peter's church was designed and constructed by St John's College's building department, in a similar fashion to how All Saints' Church, Howick was constructed. Frederick Thatcher was the architect and may have been helped by Arthur Purchas. The first service was held on 29 June 1848. Further north to the church the vicarage and a school were constructed later the same decade. The church underwent two extensions for the growing population in the 1860s and 1870s. In c.1858 the central tower was rebuilt to the side. This also led to the roof becoming much steeper. In 1903 a new site was purchased to build a new church, instead just the hall and vicarage were constructed. In 1930 a new stone chancel and tower were constructed with the wooden nave attached to it; the nave was the only part of the original remaining. Cyril Roy critiqued this, stating that the two buildings have nothing in common and the old church in the interior is out of place amongst the new building. In 1980 the construction of the modern building began. The wooden nave was dismantled. The new building was consecrated on St Peter's Day, 28 June 1981. Cemetery The cemetery contains graves from victims of the HMS Orpheus and Niger, as well as that of Elizabeth Yates. In July 2017, Keith Johnson, a homeless man, was found dead on a bench he frequented in the cemetery. A surfboard has been permanently attached to the back of the bench in his memory. References External links St Peter's, Onehunga, Anglican Diocese of Auckland
Takapuna Fossil Forest

The Takapuna Fossil Forest is a geographical feature located along the coastline between Takapuna Beach and Thorne Beach in Auckland, New Zealand. It consists of a series of basalt rock formations, which are the result of lava flows through an ancient forest. It is believed to be New Zealand's most well-preserved fossil forest. Geography The Takapuna Fossil Forest was once a coastal kauri, podocarp and broadleaved forest near the Pupuke Volcano (now a crater lake). At this time, the sea level was much lower than in the present day. Approximately 190,000 years ago, the Pupuke Volcano erupted. This eruption sent two distinct lava flows through the forest, burning vegetation and encasing the lower 1–2 metres of the tree trunks in lava. The lava solidified into basalt rock, preserving the rounded shape of the trunks. These formations were buried by ash deposits from subsequent eruptions, but have been exposed over the past 7,000 years due to coastal erosion. Some of the trunk formations within the Takapuna Fossil Forest are also connected via arches, where the upper crust of the lava solidified while the lava flow beneath it drained out. Additionally, there are basalt formations in the shape of horizontal logs, where fallen trees were encased in the lava. The majority of these log formations are aligned towards East-Southeast, indicating that this was the direction of the lava flow. The Takapuna Fossil Forest also contains remnants of Lava Blisters. These rock formations occur when gasses rise within the lava, leaving rounded bumps at the edge of the rock formation. Allen and Smith suggest that the prevalence of these formations within the Takapuna Lava Forest may be the result of excess methane released by the burning vegetation. The Takapuna Fossil Forest is now situated upon a reef. History The formation, burial and re-erosion of the Takapuna Fossil Forest pre-date human arrival in New Zealand (based on Hayward's assessment that they have been exposed in the last 7,000 years). In the 1970s, prior to the Resource Management Act, a large portion of the Takapuna Fossil Forest was destroyed to facilitate the construction of a carpark and boat ramp. In 2006, works were carried out to fill in cavities within the fossil forest and its surrounding coastline. This was done to protect the coast from further erosion, as a sewerage pipe runs along the coastline and was at risk of collapsing causing pollution and damage to the fossil forest. A specific concrete was used to ensure that the infill matched its natural surroundings. In 2014, remnants of another fossil forest were uncovered on Takapuna Beach. These formations were believed to be older than the pre-existing Takapuna Fossil Forest. The Takapuna Fossil Forest was included within the 'Outstanding Natural Features' overlay in the Auckland Unitary Plan. Gallery References External links
Bharatiya Mandir Hindu Temple

Bharatiya Mandir is a Hindu temple in the Auckland suburb of Sandringham. It is the oldest and first purpose-built temple in New Zealand and officially opened in June 1993. Bharatiya Mandir is a significant cultural landscape for Auckland's Hindu community and Hindu Indian diaspora. It is a site which hosts religious festivities such as Diwali. History In 1986, now philanthropist and member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, Roshanlal Nauhria and a group of Hindu New Zealanders made plans to build a Hindu temple to accommodate for Auckland's growing Hindu population. On 29 October 1988, the temple site was blessed by Sant Shri Morari Bapu, during a visit to New Zealand from India. On 1 September 1991 a land purification ceremony (Bhoomi Puja) was carried out by Acharya Shri Vasantbhau Kantilal Shukla and was witnessed by around 600 devotees. With donations from around 51 families, the foundational bricks of the temple were laid. This followed with a foundation ceremony (Shila Ropan). A time capsule was also established and put in place on 20 September 1991. The first group of trustees of the Bharatiya Mandir were, Shri Shivlal Master, Dr. Chunibhai Madhav, Roshanlal Nauhria, Thakor Parbhu, Kantilal Bhikha, Dr. Rajinder Agnihotri, Dr. Kantilal N. Patel, Mohanbhai Daya, Narendra Masters and Navin Chandra Patel. Committee members were chosen to travel to India, along with architect Peter Tibbitts (from Stiffe Hooker and Associates), to study other mandir temples and select Murti and other authentic Hindu religious objects for use at Bharatiya Mandir. Current In November 2016 Bharatiya Mandir purchased the neighbouring Balmoral Community Centre which hosts local community groups and events. The temple is located in the suburb of Sandringham, known for its South Asian influence and dubbed 'Little India' due to its extensive range of South Asian shops and eateries. The Bharatiya Mandir now organises events for the community of devotees such as youth groups, education classes library services, music classes, yoga classes, various language classes, traditional dance classes and a women's group. Festivals are celebrated such as Lohri Celebrations, Makarsankranti, Vasant Panchami/ Saraswati Puja, Maha Shivratri, Holika Dahan, Holi, Chaitra Navaratri/Ugadi Celebrations, Ram Navmi, Hanuman Jayanti, Guru Purnima, Raksha Bandhan, Krishna Janmashtami, Ganesha Chaturthi, Ganesha Visarjan, Sharadiya Navaratri, Maha Navmi, Sharad Purnima, Dussehra, Karwa Chauth, Dhan Teras, Narak Chaturdashi, Lakshmi Puja/Diwali, Govardhan Puja, Bhai Dooj and Geeta Jayanti. In 2023 the temple celebrated its 30 year jubilee. References Further reading Bharatiya Mandir Aerial View
Hardcastle Lagoon

Die Hardcastle Lagoon ist ein ehemaliger Arm des Waikato River im Rotorua District der Region Waikato auf der Nordinsel von Neuseeland. Geographie Die Hardcastle Lagoon befindet sich an einer Schleife des Waikato River, rund 2,8 km nordöstlich der Ohaaki Geothermal Power Station und rund 26 km nordöstlich von Taupō. Direkt östlich angrenzend ist die kleine Siedlung Broadlands zu finden. Der fast gänzlich vom Fluss abgetrennter Arm umfasst eine Fläche von rund 46 Hektar, erstreckt sich über eine Länge von gut einem Kilometer in Nordwest-Südost-Richtung und misst an ihrer breitesten Stelle rund 620 m. Der Umfang des Gewässers bemisst sich auf rund 4,1 km. In der Mitte des Arms liegt eine längliche, nach Nordnordwesten ausgerichtete Insel. Sie hat eine Länge von rund 390 m und eine Breite von rund 130 m. Die an den Höhen mit Bäumen bewachsene Insel umfasst eine Fläche von rund 4,1 Hektar. Geschichte Im Jahr 1912 wurde nach eine Änderung des Flusslaufs des Waikato River und dadurch ausgelösten Grenzstreitigkeiten das Gebiet der Hardcastle Lagoon, früher Tahunatara genannt, dem Areal der Broadlands Estate hinzugefügt. Der frühere Flussverlauf zeigte die Grenze zwischen dem Grundstück der Broadlands Estate und dem Land der Ngati Tahu von Te Ohaaki an. Siehe auch Liste der Seen in Neuseeland Weblinks Hardcastle Lagoon. In: New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand, abgerufen am 5. Februar 2024 (englisch). Einzelnachweise