NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Pagoda Eindawya

La pagoda Eindawya (in birmano အိမ်တော်ရာဘုရား, Eindawya Paya; lett. "pagoda della casa reale") è uno stupa buddista a Mandalay, in Birmania. Fu costruita dal re Pagan Min nel 1847, sul sito della sua residenza estiva, prima della sua ascesa al trono, quand'era principe. È ricoperta di foglie dorate da cima a fondo ed è considerata un tempio ben proporzionato ma trascurato. La pagoda raggiunge un'altezza di 34 metri (114 piedi). Nel 1919, nel periodo delle lotte per l'indipendenza del Paese, fu teatro di uno scontro da un gruppo di europei che vi entrò con le scarpe, in spregio alle regole buddiste, e un gruppo di monaci che li cacciò; questi ultimi furono infine arrestati e condannati al carcere dal tribunale coloniale. Note Bibliografia List of Ancient Monuments in Burma (I. Mandalay Division), vol. 1, Rangoon, Office of the Superintendent, Government Printing, Burma, 1910. Walter Del Mar, The romantic East: Burma, Assam, & Kashmir, Londra, Adam and Charles Black, 1906. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file sulla pagoda Eindawya
Erebegraafplaats Thanbyuzayat

Erebegraafplaats Thanbyuzayat is een van de drie rustplaatsen voor de slachtoffers van de Dodenspoorlijn, waaronder ook Nederlanders. De begraafplaats is door de Nederlandse overheid erkend als officieel Nederlands ereveld. Ereveld Thanbyuzayat ligt ongeveer 65 kilometer ten zuiden van de stad Mawlamyine, bij de oostelijke terminus van de Dodenspoorlijn. Het is niet bekend hoeveel Nederlandse slachtoffers hier precies liggen; veel graven zijn anoniem. Zie ook Lijst van erevelden
Abeyadana Temple

Abeyadana temple is a 12th century CE Buddhist temple in Bagan, Myanmar. The temple complex has a large central temple, which has a rectangular plan. History The temple was built around 1090 CE, during the reign of king Kyanzittha. A later ink inscription on the temple walls attributes its construction to Kyanzittha's queen Abeyadana. A local legend states that the temple was built at the place where Kyanzittha's queen Abeyadana waited for him. According to G.H. Luce and Ba Shin, Abeyadana came from the Pattikera kingdom located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent (around present-day Comilla District in Bangladesh). The murals in the temple are of east Indian (Pala) style, and were probably created by artists from eastern India. Paintings The main idol of the temple is a brick image of Gautama Buddha. On the west side of the Buddha image, a portrait-figure shows Abeydana praying to him. The north side of entrance hall features eight rows of Jataka frescos, with titles in Pali language and descriptions in Mon language (and often, the number of the Jataka tale). A subsidiary panel shows the Buddha delivering his first sermon (the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta). He is sitting cross-legged on a lotus throne, and his hands are in Dharmachakra mudra pose. He is surrounded by people paying obeisance to him: two celestial beings showering lotus flowers at the top, and two kings at the bottom. There is also an image of the goddess Tara, who is shown with a curvy body, dressed in royal attire. On her left side, there is a padma lotus, and on her right side, there is a blue lotus. These flowers are said to signify her purity. Besides the orthodox Buddhist frescos, the temple walls also feature Tantric and Brahmanic elements. The inner walls of the temple feature frescos of Hindu gods such as Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva and Indra. In addition, there are paintings of deities specific to Burmese Buddhism, such as that of a cross-legged goddess. References Bibliography
Chaukhtatgyi-Tempel

Der Chaukhtatgyi-Tempel (birmanisch ခြောက်ထပ်ကြီးဘုရားကြီး) ist eine buddhistische Tempelanlage in Yangon in Myanmar. Beschreibung Die Anlage beherbergt einen der größten liegenden Buddhas Myanmars. Die Längenangaben schwanken zwischen 66 m (216 ft) und 72 m. Eine am Monument angebrachte Tafel gibt 216 ft an, umgerechnet 65,83 m. Die heutige Statue wurde in den 1960er Jahren geschaffen, nachdem die misslungene Vorgängerfigur vom Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts zerstört worden war. Galerie Literatur Wilhelm Klein: Burma (= Apa Guides.). Nelles, München 1982, ISBN 3-88618-991-0, S. 146. Andrea Markand, Markus Markand, Martin H. Petrich, Volker Klinkmüller: Myanmar. (Birma) (= Stefan Loose Travelhandbücher). 2. vollständig überarbeitete Auflage. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7701-6147-5, S. 137. Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Chaukhtatgyi Buddha Temple

Chaukhtatgyi Buddha Temple (Burmese: ခြောက်ထပ်ကြီးဘုရားကြီး) is the most well-known Buddhist temple in Bahan Township, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar. It houses one of the most revered reclining Buddha images in the country. The Buddha image is 66 metres (217 ft) long, and one of the largest in Myanmar. The construction was sponsored by a wealthy Burmese Buddhist, Sir Po Tha, in 1899. The image was completed in 1907 by another construction company, but was not proportioned correctly, and the Buddha's face had an aggressive expression. In the 1950s, the old Buddha image was demolished and temple trustees began work to replace the image, under the supervision of U Thaung, a master craftsman from Tavoy (now Dawei). Large glass eyes with dimensions of 1.77 by .58 metres (5 ft 10 in × 1 ft 11 in) were custom-created at Naga Glass Factory. The Buddha image was consecrated in 1973. Gallery References External links Geographic data related to Chaukhtatgyi Buddha Temple at OpenStreetMap
Pagoda Chaukhtatgyi

La Chaukhtatgyi Paya es una paya o pagoda de seis pisos de altura situada en la localidad de Rangún, antigua capital de Birmania. Es especialmente conocida porque en su interior se encuentra una imagen gigante de un Buda reclinado. Es una de las imágenes de mayor tamaño de todo el país.​ La construcción fue financiada por un rico budista birmano, Sir Po Tha, en 1899.​ La estatua original fue completada en 1907 por otra compañía constructora, pero las proporciones no fueron las correctas.​ Las condiciones climatológicas fueron deteriorando poco a poco la imagen y en 1957 se decidió demolerla y construir una nueva. La obra finalizó en 1966. La construcción fue sufragada en su totalidad mediante donaciones particulares. El tamaño original de la imagen era de 59,30 metros de largo por 30,4 metros de altura. Pero en una reconstrucción realizada en 1973 se amplió el tamaño hasta los 65,85 metros de largo actuales. Alrededor de la pagoda se encuentra diversos monasterios que albergan unos 600 monjes. Los monjes se dedican a estudiar las escrituras budistas y se mantienen gracias a las aportaciones económicas de los fieles. Referencias Enlaces externos Información e imágenes de la paya Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Pagoda Chaukhtatgyi.
Pagoda Čauk Htat Dži

Pagoda Čauk Htat Dži je na cesti Šve Gon Taing v mestni četrti Tamve, severno od jezera Kandodži v Jangonu v Mjanmarju. Je 6-stopenjska in podobna pagodama Ngar Htat Dži Buda (5-stopenjska) in Koe Htat Dži Buda (9-stopenjska). Pagoda je znana po svojem velikem kipu slonečega, na pol ležečega Bude. Izdelan je bil leta 1966 in nadomešča staro podobo, zgrajeno leta 1907, ter je delo Hpa Tareja. Prvoten kip je bil poškodovan zaradi vremenskih vplivov. Leta 1957 so ga porušili in leta 1966 obnovili. Med prenovo je pridobil 5 metrov. Dolg je 65 metrov in visok 16 metrov. Je v železni konstrukciji z valovito pločevinasto streho iz šestih plasti. Buda nosi zlato ogrinjalo, desna roka podpira zadnji del glave. Kip je okrašen z zelo izrazitimi barvami: bel obraz, rdeče ustnice, modre sence nad očmi in rdeči nohti. Na podplatih ima 108 polj v rdeči in zlati barvi, ki vsebujejo slike, ki prikazujejo 108 lakšan ali ugodnih lastnosti Bude. Precejšnje stroške za gradnjo so v celoti poravnali domačini budisti in turisti. Imena donatorjev so napisana na tramovih stavbe. Budisti prihajajo izkazovat spoštovanje z denarjem, kadilom in cvetjem. Podoben zelo velik ležeč kip Bude, vendar v nekoliko drugačni legi, je v pagodi Švethaljaung v Bagu. Okoli kipa Bude so številna svetišča, eno za vsakega od osmih dni v tednu; v azijski astrologiji je sreda razdeljena na dva dni. Domačini molijo v svetišču, ki pripada dnevu njihovega rojstva. Samostani v bližini te pagode sprejmejo več kot šeststo menihov, ki študirajo budistična besedila s pomočjo starejših in usposobljenih menihov. Celotni stroški vzdrževanja krijejo donacije ljudi. Viri [ https://www.renown-travel.com/burma/yangon/chaukhtatgyipagoda.html Chauk Htat Gyi Pagoda] Zunanje povezave [ http://myanmartravelinformation.com/yangon-where-to-visit/chauk-htat-gyi-pagoda.html Mjanmar Travel Information - Chauk Htat Gyi Pagoda]
Temple de Thatbyinnyu

El temple de Thatbyinnyu és un famós temple situat a Bagan (antigament Pagan), construït a mitjans del 1100 durant el regnat del rei Alaungsithu. Té forma de creu, però no és simètric. El temple té dos pisos principals, amb la imatge de Buda assegut situat al segon pis. És adjacent al temple d'Ananda.
Thatbinnyu-Tempel

Der Thatbinnyu-Tempel in Alt-Bagan wurde wahrscheinlich unter König Alaungsithu 1144 eingeweiht und markiert den Beginn der mittleren Bauperiode in Bagan. Der Tempel ist 61 m hoch und damit das höchste Gebäude in Bagan. Der Baukörper besteht aus zwei übereinander gesetzten Quadern mit je zwei Stockwerken. Auf beiden Quadern sitzen jeweils drei zurücktretende Terrassen, deren Eckpunkte mit kleinen Stupas verziert sind. Den oberen Abschluss bildet ein Shikhara. Im Osten ist beiden Quadern eine Eingangshalle vorgesetzt. Die Umgänge in den beiden unteren Stockwerken, deren Zentrum massiv ist, dienten als Unterkünfte für Mönche. In der Mitte des dritten Stockwerks findet sich das Sanktuarium mit einem großen sitzenden Buddha, im vierten Stock wurden Bücher und sakrale Gegenstände verwahrt. Weblinks Übersichtskarte zu allen Tempelanlagen der Region Bagan Literatur Johanna Dittmar: Thailand und Burma. Tempelanlagen und Königsstädte zwischen Mekong und Indischem Ozean (= DuMont-Dokumente. Kunst-Reiseführer.). 3. Auflage. DuMont, Köln 1984, ISBN 3-7701-1206-7, S. 313. Wilhelm Klein: Burma (= Apa Guides.). Nelles, München 1982, ISBN 3-88618-991-0, S. 220f. Andrea Markand, Markus Markand, Martin H. Petrich, Volker Klinkmüller: Myanmar. (Birma) (= Stefan Loose Travelhandbücher.). 2., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7701-6147-5, S. 225.
Thatbyinnyu

El Thatbyinnyu es un templo budista en Bagan, Birmania de unos 66 metros de alto. Está próximo al Templo de Ananda y lo mandó construir el rey Alaungsithu en 1944 .​ Sufrió graves daños en los terremotos de 1975 y 2016, y se espera que las obras de retauración comiencen en 2028. Véase también Budismo Pagoda Referencias
Thatbyinnyu

Le Thatbyinnyu est un temple bouddhique de Bagan, en Birmanie. C'est le plus haut monument du site, avec près de 66 m. Construit à proximité du Temple de l'Ananda par le roi Alaungsithu en 1144, il servit de modèle pour la plupart des "grands temples" suivants (notamment le temple de Gawdawpalin). Dédié à la "Thathâgata" (une des épithètes du Bouddha), il possède des caractères originaux : bâti sur une plate-forme de 20 m, il n'a pas de pilier central, mais une chambre voûtée au premier étage, où se trouve une grande statue du bouddha assis. Trois faux étages conduisent au court sikhara (tour-sanctuaire), qui est presque cubique. L'ensemble est couvert de stucs et blanchi à la chaux. La plate-forme servait de monastère : les moines vivaient dans des couloirs et des pièces ménagées sur deux niveaux à sa périphérie. Bibliographie Pictorial Guide to Pagan, Rangoon, Ministry of Culture, 1975 (1re éd. 1955) Louis Frédéric, L'Art de l'Inde et de l'Asie du Sud-Est, Flammarion, 1994. Portail de la Birmanie Portail de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme Portail du bouddhisme
Tempio di Thatbyinnyu

Il tempio di Thatbyinnyu (in birmano သဗ္ဗညု ဘုရား che tradotto significa "tempio dell'onniscienza") è un tempio buddhista che si trova a Bagan, in Birmania. L'edificio si trova nella parte sudorientale della cinta muraria della città. Fa parte del complesso religioso di Bagan dichiarato Patrimonio dell'umanità dall'UNESCO dal 2019. Storia Le informazioni sulla storia del tempio sono scarse, la sua costruzione pare sia iniziata durante il regno del re Alaungsithu, circa a metà del XII secolo, la costruzione fu edificata poco distante dal tempio di Ananda (la cui costruzione iniziò meno di un secolo prima). Struttura Il tempio di Thatbyinnyu ha una forma a croce irregolare e asimmetrica. Spicca per essere il tempio più alto di Bagan, raggiunge infatti un'altezza di 61 metri e per la caratteristica di non avere una statua di Buddha in corrispondenza dell'ingresso principale, la statua è infatti collocata in una sala rivolta ad est situata al secondo piano. Esternamente si nota un livello di finestrelle al piano terreno che danno su un mezzanino, utilizzato nei templi di grandi dimensioni come anche in quello di Dhammayangyi per alleggerire la struttura. Il primo e secondo piano erano destinati a ospitare i monaci, al terzo piano si trovano delle cellette destinate alle immagini mentre al quarto piano era custodita la biblioteca. Dal secondo piano si diparte una serie di terrazze rientranti che culminano nella Sikhara che lo accomuna ai templi di Sulamani e di Dhammayangyi. A sudovest del tempio si trovano due colonne in muratura che un tempo sorreggevano la campana. Galleria d'immagini Note Bibliografia (EN) Donald Martin Stadtner, Sacred sites of Burma : myth and folklore in an evolving spiritual realm, Bangkok, River Books, 2015. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su tempio di Thatbyinnyu
Thatbyinnyu

O Templo de Thatbyinnyu é um templo famoso localizado em Pagã, construído em meados do século XII, durante o reinado do Rei Alaungsithu, é um dos mais altos em Pagã com 61 metros de altura. Ele é adjacente ao templo de Ananda. O templo tem a forma de uma cruz, mas não é simétrico. A estrutura se assemelha a dois imensos cubos sobrepostos. Ele possui dois pisos, e se diferencia dos outros grandes templos por não possuir nenhuma estátua de Buda na sua entrada principal. Uma estátua restaurada do Buda sentado, com a mão direita tocando o solo, na clássica posição de Bumisparsa, encontra-se no segundo andar com a sua face virada para o leste. Não existem porém dados de quando a restauração foi realizada. Documentos birmaneses do ano de 1790 citam que o rei Bodaupaia ordenou a pintura interna do templo na cor branca e a restauração das imagens. A fim de preservar os desenhos arquitetônicos externos, não é mais permitido o acesso aos terraços superiors. O seu tamanho e a localização central do templo garantiram que ele fosse sempre utilizado para fins religiosos, o que não ocorreu com templos menores ou mais afastados. Referências
Panglong University

Panglong University (Burmese: ပင်လုံ တက္ကသိုလ်) is a university in Panglong, Southern Shan State, Myanmar. It is a government institution, aimed at improving education in Southern Shan State. It was opened in 2002. Panglong Town is a well known member of the Panglong Agreement. The university now offers mainly undergraduate and postgraduate (bachelor's, master's and doctorate) degree programmes in education, sciences and law. The university is composed of the major faculties such as Bachelor of Arts: English, history, geology, law, geography and Bachelor of Science: mathematics, zoology, botany, physics, chemistry. There are more than 1,000 students who have graduated from the university. In 2017 this university distance education offers mainly undergraduate and postgraduate (bachelor's) degree programmes in Education, B.A, B.Sc., L.L.B. The university of distance Education of the major faculties such as a Bachelor of Art: Myanmar, English studies, geography, history, Oriental studies and Bachelor of Science: mathematics, botany, zoology, physics, chemistry. Programs Panglong University's main offerings are Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees although it reportedly also offers some master's and doctorate level degrees. Panglong University offers undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes. The undergraduate programmes are subdivided into three categories: Arts (B.A.), Sciences (B.Sc.), and Law (LL.B). The choice of different fields of learning takes place in school where students choose particular subjects directed towards their tertiary education. Main departments Department of Botany Department of Chemistry Department of English Department of Geography Department of Geology Department of History Department of Law Department of Mathematics Department of Myanmar Department of Oriental Studies Department of Philosophy Department of Physics Department of Psychology Department of Zoology Each department offers an undergraduate degree programme. The Department of International Relations offers two: the Bachelor of Arts (International Relations) and the Bachelor of Arts (Political Science). Leadership The University of Panglong, now has been headed by an academic dean known as a rector. Dr Htay Aung Dr Nwe Nwe Yin Dr May Yi Thein Dr Khin Lay Nwe Dr Ni Ni Aung References External links Official website Archive (2021) at the Wayback Machine (archived 2021-09-24)
Sakura Tower

Sakura Tower is a 20-story modern office building in Kyauktada Township, Yangon, Myanmar. The 100 m (328 ft) tower was completed by Japanese contractors in 1999 and had been the tallest building in Myanmar from 1999 to 2016. It stands opposite to Sule Shangri-La Hotel across the Sule Pagoda Road. Yangon Japanese Association resides on the 12th floor. Notes References
Pathein Airport

Pathein Airport är en flygplats i Myanmar. Den ligger i regionen Ayeyarwady, i den södra delen av landet, 400 km söder om huvudstaden Naypyidaw. Pathein Airport ligger 8 meter över havet. Terrängen runt Pathein Airport är mycket platt. Runt Pathein Airport är det ganska tätbefolkat, med 80 invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Pathein, 6,5 km sydväst om Pathein Airport. Omgivningarna runt Pathein Airport är en mosaik av jordbruksmark och naturlig växtlighet. Kommentarer Källor
Owen Island

Owen Island kan syfta på: Geografi Antarktis Owen Island, Antarktis, 61.93325°S 58.38859°V﻿ / -61.93325; -58.38859﻿ (Owen (ö)) Australien Owen Island (ö i Australien), 34.85846°S 136.0087°Ö﻿ / -34.85846; 136.0087﻿ (Owen Island (ö i Australien, South Australia)) Caymanöarna Owen Island (ö i Caymanöarna), 19.66643°N 80.0625°V﻿ / 19.66643; -80.0625﻿ (Owen Island (ö i Caymanöarna))
Stato Wa

Lo Stato Wa (in wa Meung Vax, in birmano ဝပြည်နယ်, in cinese 佤邦S) è uno Stato de facto della Birmania rappresentante l'etnia Wa: esso riconosce formalmente la sovranità birmana sul suo territorio, ma non riconosce alcun governo specifico, governandosi indipendentemente come Stato socialista monopartitico guidato dal Partito Unito dello Stato Wa, con un supporto della Repubblica Popolare Cinese alla quale si ispira. Il governo birmano riconosce il nord dello stato come divisione auto-amministrata Wa, ed è diviso in tre contee, due distretti speciali e una zona di sviluppo economico: la lingua di lavoro è il cinese mandarino. Lo stato agisce come un narcostato, finanziando la maggior parte delle attività tramite il traffico di stupefacenti, oppure tramite lo sfruttamento delle risorse naturali, spesso in modo indiscriminato che causa inquinamento significativo nelle aree di confine con la Thailandia. Vari esponenti dell'Esercito Unito dello Stato Wa sono ricercati per crimini legati alla droga negli Stati Uniti d'America. Note Altri progetti
Ва (држава)

Ва је непризната држава у источном Мјанмару (Бурми). Главни град је Пангкам. Држава Ва је проглашена 1989. године, али влада Мјанмара је не признаје и званично њену територију третира као део државе Шан. Има 558.000 становника и настањена је народом Ва, који је аустроазијског порекла. Држава Ва се састоји из два међусобно одвојена дела, од којих се један налази уз границу са Кином, а други уз границу са Тајландом. Иако влада Мјанмара ову државу не признаје, односи Мјанмара и државе Ва базирани су на фактичкој мирној коегзистенцији, с обзиром да држава Ва признаје номинални суверенитет Мјанмара над својим подручјем. Званични језик државе Ва је кинески. Уједињена армија државе Ва има око 30.000 војника и често је била савезник мјанмарске армије у сукобу са шанским националистима.
Rakhine (stat)

Rakhine (burmesisk: ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်, tidligere Arakan) er en delstat i Burma. Delstaten ligger på vestkysten ved Den Bengalske Bugt. Hovedstad er Akyab. I nord adskilles den sydlige del af Bangladesh fra delstaten Rakhine i Myanmar af Naf-elven. Mere end 700.000 af rohingya-folket har forladt delstaten, og lever som flygtninge i Bangladesh. Distrikterne i Rakhine er, sorteret efter folketælling i 2014: Sittway – 535.583 Myauk U – 669.131 Kyaukpyu – 439.923 Thandwe – 357.840 Maungtaw – 96.330 Noter
Stato Rakhine

Lo Stato Rakhine (precedentemente Arakan) è uno Stato della Birmania. Geografia Si trova ad ovest del paese, confina con lo Stato Chin a nord, la regione di Magway, la regione di Bago verso est e la regione di Ayeyarwady a sud, il Golfo del Bengala ad ovest e con il Bangladesh a nord-ovest. I Monti Arakan separano lo Stato Rakhine dal Burma centrale da nord a sud. La sua capitale è Sittwe. Fra i suoi monumenti principali si ricorda il sito archeologico di Mrauk U. Fin dal 2014 lo stato è aperto al turismo internazionale, tranne le due province al confine col Bangladesh, Bawtyidaung e Maungdaw. Voci correlate Operazione Dragon King Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Stato Rakhine Wikivoyage contiene informazioni turistiche su Stato Rakhine