NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Botataung-Pagode

Die Botataung-Pagode (birmanisch ဗိုလ်တထောင်ဘုရား, sprich: bòtətʰàʊɴ pʰəjá, verdeutscht: 1000 Offiziere, auch Kyaik-de-att-Pagode) ist eine buddhistische Tempelanlage in Yangon in Myanmar. Geschichte Laut Legende bildeten 1000 Offiziere ein Spalier, als vor mehr als 2000 Jahren ein Schiff aus Indien mit Buddha-Reliquien am Standort der Pagode landete. Die erste Pagode an dieser Stelle hatten die Mon vor etwa 2500 Jahren, etwa zeitgleich mit der Shwedagon-Pagode, errichtet. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg traf eine Bombe der Royal Air Force die Pagode voll und zerstörte sie total. Unmittelbar nach der Unabhängigkeit Myanmars im Jahr 1948 begann der Wiederaufbau der Pagode. Beschreibung Der Hauptstupa ist im Gegensatz zu den meisten anderen Stupas in Myanmar innen hohl und mit Glasmosaiken ausgekleidet. Im innersten Heiligtum wird in einem goldenen Kästchen ein Haar Buddhas aufbewahrt. Im Tempelbezirk gibt es einen kleinen Teich mit zahlreichen Schildkröten und einen Schrein für die Nats. Gleich nebenan hat der Gläubige die Möglichkeit, Futter für die Schildkröten und Opfergaben für die Nats zu kaufen, um damit je nach Glauben eine gute Tat vollbringen zu können. Galerie Literatur Johanna Dittmar: Thailand und Burma. Tempelanlagen und Königsstädte zwischen Mekong und Indischem Ozean (= DuMont-Dokumente. Kunst-Reiseführer.). 3. Auflage. DuMont, Köln 1984, ISBN 3-7701-1206-7, S. 329. Wilhelm Klein: Burma (= Apa Guides.). Nelles, München 1982, ISBN 3-88618-991-0, S. 142. Andrea Markand, Markus Markand, Martin H. Petrich, Volker Klinkmüller: Myanmar. (Birma) (= Stefan Loose Travelhandbücher.). 2. vollständig überarbeitete Auflage. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7701-6147-5, S. 139. Weblinks
Pagoda Botataung

La pagoda Botataung è uno stupa sito nella città birmana di Yangon, lungo la sponda del fiume Yangon. Secondo la leggenda, sorgerebbe sul luogo dove il re Okkalapa avrebbe accolto i fratelli Trapusa e Bahalika provenienti dall'India che ivi si erano recati per portare una reliquia di capelli alla pagoda Shwedagon. La pagoda iniziò a essere associata a questa leggenda durante la sua ricostruzione negli anni cinquanta del Novecento, tuttavia la sua storia risale almeno al I millennio. Storia La pagoda è uno dei tanti stupa risalenti al I millennio disseminati nella città di Yangon. La sua importanza crebbe dopo che Yangon soppiantò Pegu come principale centro costiero della nazione durante il regno di Alaungpaya (regno 1752-1760). La parola Botataung significa "1000 ufficiali" e deriva dal fatto che il re Okkalapa avrebbe incaricato a 1000 soldati di sorvegliare le reliquie della pagoda. Durante la costruzione della pagoda Shwedagon, le reliquie destinate a essa vennero conservate per 6 mesi in quella Botataung. La leggenda vuole che il re avrebbe consegnato uno dei capelli a Trapusa, il quale lo avrebbe poi conservato nella pagoda Botataung. Quando la pagoda Sule venne posta al centro del piano urbanistico dei britannici nel 1853, il prestigio della pagoda Botataung decrebbe. In una piccola area tra la pagoda e il fiume Yangon vi erano delle tombe di soldati britannci caduti durante la presa di Yangon nel 1852. L'8 novembre 1943 la pagoda fu distrutta da un bombardamento della Royal Air Force. La sua ricostruzione avvenne sull'onda del nazionalismo buddista a seguito dell'indipendenza della Birmania nel 1948. In particolare, il governo di U Nu diede risalto alla sua ricostruzione, rendendola simbolo del rinnovamento fisico e spirituale della nazione. Descrizione La reliquia principale conservata in questo stupa è un capello di Gautama Buddha posto su un altare in una stanza al centro del complesso circolare. Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale è stata rinvenuta una fossa a un metro sotto la superficie, larga 6 mq e profonda 2 m e contenente circa 700 oggetti tra pietre preziose, gioielli, ornamenti, targhe di terracotta e immagini fatte con metalli preziosi. Alcuni di questi oggetti sono esposti all'interno della pagoda e risalgono al XIX e al XX secolo. La loro provenienza non è chiara. Nella camera sotterranea è stata ritrovata una reliquia di arenaria all'interno di un oggetto in laterite a forma di cono alto poco meno di un metro. Il reliquiario è a forma di stupa e contiene la figura di un monaco seduto, la cui identità si presume che coincida con quella di Sangkachai, un discepolo del Buddha e importante divinità del popolo mon. Questa figura sembra risalire al XIV secolo. L'altra figura presente nel reliquiario è uno stupa con un Buddha seduto. Note Bibliografia (EN) Donald Stadtner, Sacred Sites Of Burma, Bangkok, River Books, 2015. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su pagoda Botataung
Christie Island

Christie Island is an island in the Mergui Archipelago and the southernmost point of Burma (Myanmar). It lies at the southern end of the archipelago 18 km (11 mi) to the NNE of Ko Surin Nuea, and the Thai-Burmese oceanic border is located between these two islands. Christie Island is 4.6 km (2.9 mi) long and has several peaks it covered with thick forest. The tallest is 325 meters high. Murray Island and Sanders Island are small rocky islets off its southern shores. Christie Island is part of the Alladin Islands subgroup. It features a clearing at the top with a helicopter pad and small dusty military base. 1998 massacres In May 1998, Colonel Zaw Min, landed on Christie Island and found 59 Burmese nationals living there to gather wood and bamboo, in violation of Burmese law. General Than Shwe ordered they were to be "eliminated" and all were subsequently murdered. A few days later, Burmese troops from the same base captured a Thai fishing boat that had strayed close to Christie Island. The 22 Burmese and Thai fishermen on board were shot and buried on the island. See also List of islands of Burma List of countries by southernmost point References External links Myanmar Ecotourism - Ministry of Hotels and Tourism Mergui Archipelago Photos
Isla Christie

Isla Christie es una isla en el archipiélago de Mergui y el punto más meridional de Birmania (Myanmar). Se encuentra en el extremo sur del archipiélago a 18 km al norte de Ko Surin Nuea. La frontera oceánica entre Tailandia y Birmania se encuentra entre las dos islas. Christie es de 4,6 km de largo y tiene varios picos cubiertos con un denso bosque. El más alto es de 325 m de altura. Murray y la isla Sanders son dos pequeños islotes rocosos frente a sus costas en el sur. Christie forma parte del subgrupo de las Islas Aladín.​ Véase también Geografía de Birmania Geografía de Asia Referencias
Christie Island, Myanmar

Christie Island är en ö i Myanmar. Den ligger i regionen Taninthayiregionen, i den södra delen av landet, 1 100 km söder om huvudstaden Naypyidaw. Arean är 5,4 kvadratkilometer. Terrängen på Christie Island är lite kuperad. Öns högsta punkt är 300 meter över havet. Den sträcker sig 4,2 kilometer i nord-sydlig riktning, och 3,2 kilometer i öst-västlig riktning. Christie Island är Myanmars sydligaste punkt och ligger 18 kilometer norr om Surin-öarnas nordligaste ö, Ko Surin Nuea. Kommentarer Källor
Dagon University

Dagon University (Burmese: ဒဂုံ တက္ကသိုလ် [dəɡòʊɰ̃ tɛʔkəθò]), located in North Dagon, Yangon, is one of the largest universities in Myanmar. The university, established in 1993, offers bachelor's and master's degrees in liberal arts and sciences to full-time, part-time and online students. Dagon University also offers a full-time four-year law degree program. The university's 1,582-acre (6.40 km2) campus in the outskirts of Yangon is one of the largest campuses in the country. History Dagon University was opened in 1993 in North Dagon in the northeastern corner of Yangon to serve students from eastern Yangon districts. The move was widely believed to be part of the Burmese military government's plan to disperse university students across many universities and colleges around the country. Students who would have attended Yangon University now have to attend Dagon University or East Yangon University in Thanlyin, southeast of Yangon. The university and all other arts and science universities in the country were closed down from December 1996 to July 2000, following student demonstrations in Yangon. Programs Classified as an Arts and Science university in the Burmese university education system, Dagon University offers bachelor's and master's degree programs in common liberal arts and sciences disciplines. Its regular Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Bachelor of Science (BSc) take four years to complete and honors degree programs BA (Hons) and BSc (Hons) take five years. The law program also takes five years. The university also offers an online program. Transport A new 4.96-mile (7.98 km) rail extension was completed in 2006. Trains travel along the 12.21-mile (19.65 km) route from Yangon Central Railway Station to the university, via Togyaunggalay Station, 10 times a day from 5:25am to 5:35pm. About 4000 students use the rail service daily. Administration Current Rectors have included: Dr. Thar Htun Maung Dr. Nunu Yi (Pro -Rector) Dr. Hteik Tin Han (Pro -Rector) Dr. Myo Min (Pro -Rector) List of rectors (1993-present) U Kaung Nyut (1993- 1998) Dr. Maung Thin (1998- 2004) U Kyaw Myint Oo (2005- 2007) U Sun (2007- 2011) Dr. Hla Htay (2012- 2016) Dr. Aye Aye Tun (2011- 2017) Dr. Win Maung (2017- 2019) Dr. Thar Htun Maung (2021- Present) International relations MoU with Dagon University Gallery References External links Official website
Embassy of the United States, Yangon

The Embassy of the United States of America in Rangoon represents the official diplomatic mission of the American government in Burma (Myanmar), provides assistance to American citizens and issues visas to foreign nationals, for the purposes of visiting and immigration. Location The American Embassy was formerly located in Downtown Rangoon, on Merchant Street between 33rd Street and 34th Street, facing the Independence Monument park and Rangoon City Hall on the other side of the park. Sule Pagoda was one block north on the west side of the park. The building was formerly a Bank in a 45,437 square feet (4,221.2 m2) colonial-era structure. In August 2007, the embassy moved to new premises further from Downtown, because of security concerns at the old site. From 2001 to 2005, as a consequence of the September 11 attacks, roadblocks and security barriers were placed in front the building, to seal off traffic. The new embassy site, located on the University Avenue Road in Rangoon's Kamayut Township, facing Inya Lake, was reportedly constructed at the cost of $60 million USD. Controversy According to WikiLeaks cables, the embassy funded some of the civil society groups in Burma that forced the government to suspend a controversial Chinese Myitsone Dam on the Irrawaddy River. According to media reports citing documents published by Germany's Der Spiegel in 2010, the embassy is the site of an electronic surveillance facility used to monitor telephones and communications networks, run jointly by the Central Intelligence Agency and National Security Agency group known as Special Collection Service. References External links Official website
Maha Bandula Park

The Maha Bandula Park or Maha Bandula Garden (Burmese: မဟာဗန္ဓုလ ပန်းခြံ, pronounced [məhà bàɰ̃dṵla̰ páɰ̃dʑàɰ̃], also spelt Mahabandula or Mahabandoola) is a public park located in downtown Yangon, Burma. The park is bounded by Maha Bandula Garden Street in the east, Sule Pagoda Road in the west, Konthe Road in the south and Maha Bandula Road in the north. It is surrounded by some significant buildings in the area such as the Sule Pagoda, the Yangon City Hall and the High Court. The park is named after General Maha Bandula who fought against the British in the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826). History The park dates to 1867 to 1868, founded as Fytche Square in honour of the then Chief Commissioner of British Burma, Albert Fytche. The land was previously a vacant, swampy site originally known as Tank Square, which was cleared and laid out as a public recreation ground. A white marble statue of Queen Victoria was placed in the center of the park in 1896, gifted by a wealthy Armenian firm in Rangoon. After 1935, the park was renamed Bandula Square, reflecting rising nationalist sentiment. After 1948, the Independence Monument, an obelisk in commemoration of Burmese independence from the British in 1948, was installed at the center of the park, replacing the statue of Queen Victoria.The statue of Queen Victoria was brought back to England after Myanmar Independence. The architect of this Independence Monument was Sithu U Tin, who was the same architect for City Hall. The park was remodeled in 2012. References
Hanthawaddy International Airport

Hanthawaddy International Airport (Burmese: ဟံသာဝတီအပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာလေဆိပ်) is an international airport currently under construction in Bago Region, Myanmar that is located about 48 miles (77 km) away from Yangon. The project was started in 2001 but it was subsequently halted. The proposed site of the airport has a gross area of 36.42 square kilometres (14.06 sq mi). Myanmar's government has announced its plan to restart the project in 2012 to meet its future development. A consortium led by Incheon International Airport Corporation (IIAC), including South Korean firms (Halla Engineering & Construction Corporation, Lotte Engineering & Construction Corporation, POSCO ICT and Kumho Industrial Company) was awarded the US$1.1 billion contract, to build the new airport and operate the airport for 50 years. The airport will have the capacity to handle 12 million passengers per year and is expected to start operation by 2018. Due to financial related issue and disagreement over passenger capacity, however, the deal with the Incheon consortium was terminated, and a new tender was reopened in February 2014. The new tender was awarded to a Singapore-Japan consortium on 29 October 2014. The consortium comprises Singapore's Yongnam Holdings, Changi Airport Planners and Engineers, a subsidiary of Changi Airport Group, and Japan's JGC Corporation. The contract is worth $1.45 billion, and the consortium will get official development assistance from the Japanese government for up to 49 percent of the total contract. The rest of the funding will come from private lending ($517 million) and investments from the consortium ($222 million). With the latest tenders and by a new operator, the completion date of Phase 1 is now pushed back to 2027. Phase 1 consists of a 3600m concrete runway, as well as the high-speed taxiway. After the Phase 3 completion around 2032-2035, Hanthawaddy will have "2" 3600m runways and a huge satellite terminal which has a capacity of 60million passengers per year ( can be updated ). See also Yangon International Airport Naypyidaw Airport Mandalay International Airport References
Aeropuerto Internacional Hanthawaddy

El Aeropuerto Internacional Hanthawaddy​ (en birmano: ဟံသာဝတီအပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာလေဆိပ်) es un nuevo aeropuerto internacional que se construirá en la región de Bago,​ Myanmar (Birmania),​ que se encuentra a unos 50 millas (80 km) de distancia de Yangón. El proyecto se inició en 2001, pero fue detenido posteriormente. El sitio propuesto para el aeropuerto tiene una superficie bruta de 41 832,42 kilómetros cuadrados (16 151,59 millas). El gobierno de Myanmar ha anunciado su plan para reiniciar el proyecto en 2012 para satisfacer sus desarrollos futuros. Un consorcio liderado por la Corporación del Aeropuerto Internacional de Incheon (IIAC), incluyendo varias empresas de Corea del Sur ganaron el contrato para su terminación. Véase también Aeropuerto Internacional de Mandalay Aeropuerto Nyaung U Aeropuerto Internacional de Rangún Referencias
Parque nacional de Hlawga

El parque nacional de Hlawga​ es un parque nacional situado en Mingaladon, en la división de Yangón, en el país asiático de Birmania (Mianmar),​ a 22 millas (35 km) al norte de Rangún. El espacio de 1540 acres (623 hectáreas) incluye un parque natural de 818 acres (313 hectáreas), un zoológico pequeño de 62 acres (25 hectáreas) y una zona de amortiguación de 660 acres (267 hectáreas).​ Fue establecido por primera vez como un centro de educación ambiental en el año 1982. Ahora este parque es un popular destino de viajes diarios de los locales y los ecoturistas. Véase también Parque nacional de Endau Rompin Parque nacional de Fazao Malfakassa Parque nacional Defileul Jiului Referencias
National Theatre of Yangon

The National Theatre of Yangon (Burmese: အမျိုးသားဇာတ်ရုံ), located in Yangon, is a national theatre of Myanmar. The theatre is used for cultural exchange programs with foreign countries, for departmental workshops, religious ceremonies, prize giving ceremonies, performing arts competitions, and for musical stage shows. History The theater was constructed with aid from People's Republic of China. Construction began on 3 June 1987 and completed on 30 January 1991. Of the total cost of 215.47 million kyats, the Chinese government contributed 150 million kyats and the Burmese side contributed the remainder. Beauty pageants Miss Universe Myanmar 2013 - October 3, 2013 Miss Universe Myanmar 2014 - July 26, 2014 Mister International 2017 - April 30, 2018 Images See also National Theatre of Mandalay References
Teatro nacional de Rangún

El Teatro nacional de Rangún se localizado en la ciudad de Rangún, y constituye el teatro nacional de Birmania (Myanmar). El teatro se utiliza para programas de intercambio cultural con otros países, para talleres departamentales, ceremonias religiosas, ceremonias de entrega de premios, la realización de concursos de arte, y para espectáculos musicales.​ El teatro fue construido con la ayuda de la República Popular de China. La construcción comenzó el 3 de junio de 1987 y terminó el 30 de enero de 1991. Del costo total de 215,47 millones de kyats, el gobierno chino contribuyó con 150 millones de kyats y el lado birmano aportó el resto.​ Véase también Cultura de Birmania Teatro Referencias
Uppatasanti Pagoda

Uppātasanti Pagoda (ဥပ္ပါတသန္တိစေတီတော်, pronounced [ʔoʊʔpàta̰ θàɰ̃dḭ zèdìdɔ̀]; officially called ဥပ္ပါတသန္တိစေတီတော်မြတ်ကြီး, also called the "Peace Pagoda") is a prominent landmark in Naypyidaw, the capital of Myanmar. The pagoda houses a Buddha tooth relic. It is nearly a same-sized replica of Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon and stands 99 metres (325 ft) tall. History Construction of Uppatasanti Pagoda began on 12 November 2006, with the stake-driving ceremony, and completed in March 2009, built under the guidance of Than Shwe, head of Burma's ruling State Peace and Development Council. The invitation card for the stake-driving ceremony opened with a phrase "Rājaṭhānī Naypyidaw" (the royal capital). The pagoda is 30 centimetres (12 in) shorter than the Shwedagon Pagoda. The name "Uppātasanti" roughly translates to "protection against calamity". It is the name of a sutta prepared by a monk in the early 16th century. It is to be recited in time of crisis, especially in the face of foreign invasion. On 4 March 2009, 20 people died during a ferris wheel accident at a festival marking the pagoda's consecration. The consecration of the pagoda, which involves the hoisting of the htidaw (sacred umbrella, ထီးတော် [tʰí dɔ̀]) and the seinbudaw (diamond lotus bud, စိန်ဖူးတော် [sèɪɰ̃ bú dɔ̀]), took place on 10 March 2009. Structure The massive base of the pagoda which may be mistaken for a large hill is completely man-made. The pagoda precinct also comprises: Maha Hsutaungpyae Buddha Image in Maha Pasadabhumi Gandhakuṭi Chamber Four jade Buddha images in the pagoda's hollow cave 108 feet high tagundaing (flagstaff) Bo tree Garden with Maha Bo Tree and the images of the 28 Buddhas Garden of 108 Bo Trees Mālinī Maṅgala Lake with the chamber of Shin Upagutta Withongama Ordination Hall (thein) Cetiyapala Chamber Sangha Yama hostels Sasana Maha Beikmandaw Building Pagoda museum Pitakat Building and Religious Archive Captive white elephants Seven captive white elephants are kept at the pagoda grounds, under the custody of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation's Forest Department. They are kept in inhumane conditions, shackled for 22 hours a day and housed in small open-air pavilions. Gallery References
Pagoda Uppatasanti

La Pagoda Uppatasanti​ (también llamada la "Pagoda de la Paz")​ es un hito importante en Naipyidó, la nueva capital del país asiático de Birmania. La pagoda alberga una reliquia del "diente de Buda de China". Es casi una réplica del mismo tamaño de la pagoda de Shwedagon en Rangún​ y se encuentra a 99 metros (325 pies) de altura. La construcción de la pagoda de Uppatasanti comenzó el 12 de noviembre de 2006, con la ceremonia de inicio, y se terminó en marzo de 2009, construida bajo la dirección de Than Shwe, jefe del gobernante de consejo Estado para la Paz y el Desarrollo de Birmania. La tarjeta de invitación para la participación en la ceremonia inicial tenía la frase "Rajahtani Naypyidaw" ( la capital real en la que reside el rey ). La pagoda es 30 cm más pequeña que la pagoda de Shwedagon. Véase también Budismo Pagoda Referencias
Pagode Uppatasanti

La Pagode Uppatasanti (birman : ဥပ္ပါတသန္တိစေတီတော်, littéralement Pagode de la Paix, et officiellement (my) ဥပ္ပါတသန္တိစေတီတော်မြတ်ကြီး) est un édifice religieux bouddhiste moderne situé à Naypyidaw, capitale de la Birmanie. Il est construit sur une colline artificielle, autour d'un énorme stūpa abritant une réplique de la relique chinoise de la dent de Bouddha, de taille identique à celle qu'abrite la pagode Shwedagon à Rangoun. Construction L'ensemble a été construit à partir du 12 novembre 2006 et terminé le 10 mars 2009. Structure L'énorme stûpa central est une copie de celui de la Pagode Shwedagon, moins 30 cm, soit 98,5 m de haut. Il a la particularité d'être creux. Note et référence Note (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Uppatasanti Pagoda » (voir la liste des auteurs). Référence Lien externe Portail du bouddhisme Portail de la Birmanie Portail du XXIe siècle
Pagoda Uppatasanti

La Pagoda Uppatasanti, chiamata anche la "Pagoda della Pace", è un punto di riferimento del paesaggio urbano di Naypyidaw, la nuova capitale della Birmania. La pagoda, che ospita una reliquia del dente del Buddha dalla Cina, replica, con grandezze quasi identiche, la Pagoda Shwedagon di Yangon e si innalza fino a 99 metri di altezza. Nome Il nome "Uppatasanti" significa approssimativamente: "protezione contro le calamità". Questo è un sūtra scritto da un monaco nei primi anni del XVI secolo; lo si usa recitare in tempo di crisi, in particolare di fronte a un'invasione straniera. Storia La costruzione della Pagoda Uppatasanti ha avuto inizio il 12 novembre 2006, con una cerimonia, e completata nel marzo 2009, sotto la guida e il controllo di Than Shwe, capo del Consiglio di Stato per la Pace e lo Sviluppo della Birmania. Il biglietto d'invito per la partecipazione alla cerimonia d'aperta recava la frase frase "Rajahtani Naypyidaw" cioè: la capitale reale dove il re risiede. La pagoda è 30 cm più corta della Pagoda Shwedagon. Secondo The Irrawaddy, 20 persone sono morte nel corso di un incidente sulla ruota panoramica durante la festa di consacrazione della pagoda nel marzo 2009. La consacrazione della pagoda, che comporta il sollevamento del piano htidaw (ombrello sacro) e theseinbudaw (diamante di bocciolo di loto), ha avuto luogo il 10 marzo 2009. Struttura L'area comprende oltre la pagoda vera e propria: Immagine di Buddha Maha Hsutaungpyae nella camera di Maha Pasadabhumi Gandhakuti Quattro immagini del Buddha di Giada nella grotta della pagoda Portabandiera di 108 metri d'altezza Giardino con albero Maha Bo e 28 immagini del Buddha Giardino di 108 alberi Bo Lago Marlini Mangala con la camera di Shin Uppagutta Hall Withongama Camera di Cetiyapala Sangha Yama Edificio di Sasana Maha Beikmandaw Museo della Pagoda Edificio Pitakat e Archivio religioso Note Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Pagoda Uppatasanti