NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
West Coast–Jurong West Group Representation Constituency

The West Coast–Jurong West Group Representation Constituency is a five-member group representation constituency (GRC) in the western region of Singapore. It has six divisions: Ayer Rajah, Boon Lay, Nanyang, Jurong Spring–Gek Poh, Taman Jurong, and West Coast, managed by West Coast–Jurong West Town Council. The current Members of Parliament (MPs) for the constituency are Ang Wei Neng, Cassandra Lee, Desmond Lee, Hamid Razak and Shawn Huang from the governing People's Action Party (PAP). History Prior to the 2025 general election, West Coast–Jurong West GRC was created after West Coast GRC, which had absorbed the Jurong Spring and Taman Jurong divisions of Jurong GRC, was renamed. In the process of redrawing, the defunct GRC had its estates in Telok Blangah and Dover shifted to Tanjong Pagar GRC, while its easternmost polling district, comprising estates in HarbourFront and on the offshore island of Sentosa, was shifted to Radin Mas Single Member Constituency (SMC). The PAP stood for reelection with a team led by Desmond Lee against the reconfigured A-team of the Progress Singapore Party (PSP), which, having narrowly lost in West Coast GRC, had received both of the non-constituency MP (NCMP) seats offered after the 2020 general election. The PAP won an improved 59.99% of the vote in the new GRC; the PSP, in contrast, lost its NCMP seats. Members of Parliament Electoral results Note: The Elections Department does not include rejected votes when calculating the vote shares of candidates. Hence, all candidates' vote shares will total to 100% at any given election (may not appear so in multi-way contests due to rounding). Elections in 2020s Notes References
Pasir Ris–Changi Group Representation Constituency

The Pasir Ris–Changi Group Representation Constituency is a four-member group representation constituency (GRC) in the eastern region of Singapore. It has four divisions: Changi, Pasir Ris Central, Pasir Ris East, and Pasir Ris West, managed by Pasir Ris–Changi Town Council. The current Members of Parliament (MPs) for the constituency are Desmond Tan, Indranee Rajah, Sharael Taha and Valerie Lee from the governing People's Action Party (PAP). History Before the 2025 general election, Pasir Ris–Changi GRC was formed with four MPs by merging the Pasir Ris section of the abolished Pasir Ris–Punggol GRC with the estates of Loyang and Flora in East Coast GRC. At the same time, the Punggol section of Pasir Ris–Punggol GRC was merged with Punggol West Single Member Constituency (SMC) to form a new Punggol GRC. The Electoral Boundaries Review Committee (EBRC) claimed that the move was meant to emphasise the identity of Punggol. On 21 April, the PAP announced that Indranee Rajah would leave Tanjong Pagar GRC to lead a PAP team in Pasir Ris–Changi GRC. On 23 April, Desmond Lim, chairperson of the Singapore Democratic Alliance (SDA), announced an opposing team led by him. The PAP won 67.68% of the vote. Members of Parliament Electoral results Note: The Elections Department does not include rejected votes when calculating the vote shares of candidates. Hence, all candidates' vote shares will total to 100% at any given election (may not appear so in multi-way contests due to rounding). Elections in 2020s See also East Coast Group Representation Constituency References
Horsburgh Lighthouse

Horsburgh Lighthouse (Chinese: 霍士堡灯塔; Malay: Rumah Api Horsburgh; Tamil: ஹோர்ஸ்பர் கலங்கரை விளக்கம்) is an active lighthouse which marks the eastern entrance to the Straits of Singapore. It is situated on the island of Pedra Branca. Singapore's earliest lighthouse by date of completion, it is located approximately 54 kilometres (34 mi) to the east of Singapore and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from the Malaysian state of Johor. History Horsburgh Lighthouse was named after Captain James Horsburgh (28 September 1762 – 14 May 1836), a Scottish hydrographer from the East India Company, who mapped many seaways around Singapore in the late 18th and early 19th century. He was called "the Nautical Oracle of the World". His charts and books allowed ships to navigate through treacherous areas of the ocean, saving many lives and property on the seas between China and India. On the wall of the Visitor's Room on the sixth floor of the lighthouse under the light room there is a panel with the following inscription: Translated literally into English, the Latin inscription reads: I, the lighthouse, to whom was given the name of Horsburgh the Hydrographer who is famous beyond all others in the Indo-Chinese sea, was constructed, if not primarily by the natural talents of the English merchants, then certainly by the power of the Anglo-Indian empire, for the salvation of sailors and in memory of the famous man, during the consulate of W. J. Butterworth, C. B., governor of the province of Malacca, in 1851. Location The lighthouse was built over an outcrop of rocks that for centuries was identified on maps as Pedra Branca ("white rock" in Portuguese). It was built by John Turnbull Thomson (1821–1884), a government surveyor. In the presence of Governor William John Butterworth and other dignitaries, the lighthouse foundation stone was laid on 24 May 1850 and the lighthouse was completed in 1851. The lighthouse is also known as Pedra Branca Lighthouse. The sovereignty of Pedra Branca was disputed between Malaysia and Singapore until 2008. On 23 May 2008, the International Court of Justice awarded the island to Singapore. See also List of lighthouses in Singapore Notes References Savage, Victor R.; Yeoh, Brenda S. A. (2003), Toponymics – A Study of Singapore Street Names, Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, ISBN 978-981-210-205-8. Further reading Hall-Jones, John (1995). The Horsburgh Lighthouse. Invercargill, N.Z.: John Hall-Jones. ISBN 978-0-473-03205-0.. Pavitt, J. A. L. (1966). First Pharos of the Eastern Seas: Horsburgh Lighthouse. Singapore: Donald Moore Press. OCLC 1855904.. Thomson, John Turnbull (1852). Account of the Horsburgh Light-house, Erected on Pedra Branca, near Singapore. Singapore: [s.n.] OCLC 500001469.. External links Picture of Horsburgh Lighthouse Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society World List of Lights (WLOL): Singapore Horsburgh Lighthouse on Lighthouse Depot Horsburgh Lighthouse on Singapore Infopedia Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Singapore". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Faro de Horsburgh

El Faro de Horsburgh (en chino: 霍士堡灯塔; en inglés: Horsburgh Lighthouse; en malayo: Rumah Api Horsburgh) es un faro que marca la entrada oriental del estrecho de Singapur. Está situado en la isla de Pedra Branca.​ Es el faro de Singapur más antiguo, se encuentra aproximadamente 54 kilómetros (34 millas) al este de Singapur y a 14 kilómetros (8,7 millas) del estado de Johor en Malasia. El Faro Horsburgh fue nombrado así en honor del capitán James Horsburgh (28 de septiembre de 1762 al 14 de mayo de 1836), un hidrógrafo escocés de la East India Company, que asignó muchas rutas marítimas alrededor de Singapur a finales del 18 y principios del siglo XIX. Referencias Enlaces externos Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Faro de Horsburgh.
Phare de Horsburgh

Le phare de Horsburgh est un phare actif qui marque l'entrée orientale du détroit de Singapour. Il est situé sur l'île de Pedra Branca. Géographie Le phare est construit sur un affleurement rocheux qui, pendant des siècles, a été identifié sur les cartes comme Pedra Branca (« rocher blanc » en portugais ). Il est établi par John Turnbull Thomson (1821-1884), un géomètre du gouvernement. En présence du gouverneur William John Butterworth et d'autres dignitaires, la première pierre du phare est posée le 24 mai 1850 et le phare est achevé en 1851. Le phare est également connu sous le nom de phare de Pedra Branca. La souveraineté de Pedra Branca a été contestée entre la Malaisie et Singapour jusqu'en 2008. Le 23 mai 2008, la Cour internationale de justice a attribué l'île à Singapour. Histoire Le phare de Horsburgh doit son nom au capitaine James Horsburgh, un hydrographe écossais de la Compagnie des Indes orientales, qui a cartographié de nombreuses voies maritimes autour de Singapour à la fin du XVIIIe et au début du XIXe siècle. Sur le mur d'une salle du sixième étage du phare est un panneau portant l'inscription suivante : Notes et références Bibliographie Victor R. Savage et Brenda S. A. Yeoh, Toponymics – A Study of Singapore Street Names, Singapour, Eastern Universities Press, 2003 (ISBN 978-981-210-205-8) John Hall-Jones, The Horsburgh Lighthouse, Invercargill, N.Z., John Hall-Jones, 1995 (ISBN 978-0-473-03205-0). J. A. L. Pavitt, First Pharos of the Eastern Seas: Horsburgh Lighthouse, Singapour, Donald Moore Press, 1966 (OCLC 1855904). John Turnbull Thomson, Account of the Horsburgh Light-house, Erected on Pedra Branca, near Singapore, Singapour, [s.n.], 1852 (OCLC 500001469). Liens externes Annexes Articles connexes Liste des phares de Singapour Portail des phares Portail de Singapour
Маяк Хорсбурга

Маяк Хорсбург (китай.: 霍士堡灯塔; малай. Rumah Api Horsburgh) — працюючий маяк, який позначає східний вхід до Сінгапурської протоки. Він розташований на острові Педра Бранка. Перший сінгапурський маяк розташований приблизно в 54 кілометрах на схід від Сінгапуру і 14 кілометрах від малазійського штату Джохор. Історія Маяк Хорсбург був названий на честь капітана Джеймса Хорсбурга (28 вересня 1762 р. — 14 травня 1836 р.), шотландського гідрографа з Британської Ост-Індійської компанії, яка в кінці 18-го і початку 19-го століття позначила багато морських шляхів навколо Сінгапуру. Його називали «морським оракулом світу». Його графіки і книги дозволили кораблям орієнтуватися у океані, рятуючи багато життів і майна в морях між Китаєм та Індією. Розташування Маяк був побудований на виході гірських порід, які віками були виявлені на картах як Педра Бранка («біла скеля» з португальської). Він був побудований Джордж Тернбулл Томсон (1821—1884), державний майстер. У присутності губернатора Вільяма Джона Баттерворта та інших високопоставлених осіб камінь фундаменту маяка було закладено 24 травня 1850 року, а маяк був завершений в 1851 році. Маяк також відомий як маяк Педра Бранка. Належність Педра Бранки був предметом розбіжностей між Малайзією та Сінгапуром до 2008 року. 23 травня 2008 року Міжнародний Суд присудив острів Сінгапуру. Примітки Джерела Savage, Victor R.; Yeoh, Brenda S. A. (2003), Toponymics – A Study of Singapore Street Names, Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, ISBN 978-981-210-205-8 Посилання Picture of Horsburgh Lighthouse [Архівовано 24 червня 2020 у Wayback Machine.] Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society World List of Lights (WLOL): Singapore [Архівовано 13 червня 2018 у Wayback Machine.] Horsburgh Lighthouse on Lighthouse Depot Horsburgh Lighthouse on Singapore Infopedia
Marina Bay Financial Centre

Marina Bay Financial Centre (MBFC, chinois 滨海湾金融中心) est un ensemble de gratte-ciel situé à Singapour, dans le quartier de Marina Bay (entre Marina Boulevard et Central Boulevard. D'une surface de 3,55 hectares, il comporte trois tours de bureaux, deux tours de logements et un centre commercial, Marina Bay Link Mall. Il est l'œuvre du cabinet d'architecture américain Kohn Pedersen Fox. Sa construction a eu lieu en deux phases, la première terminée au troisième trimestre 2010 et la dernière en 2012, à l'exception de Marina Bay Suites, qui ne sera terminé qu'en 2013. Lors de la première phase ont été construits les tours de bureaux no 1 (33 étages) et 2 (50 étages), la tour Marina Bay Residences (428 logements) et 8 790 m2 du centre commercial. La seconde phase a vu l'achèvement de la tour de bureau no 3 (46 étages) et de 7 850 m2 du centre commercial. Marina Bay Suites (221 logements) est terminé en 2013. Transports Marina Bay Financial Centre est desservi par 3 stations du métro de Singapour (MRT) : Raffles Place, sur la ligne Nord-Sud et la ligne Est-Ouest Marina Bay, sur la ligne Nord-Sud et la ligne circulaire Downtown, sur la future ligne centrale (ouverture en 2013) Liens internes Liste des plus hauts gratte-ciel de Singapour Notes et références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Marina Bay Financial Centre » (voir la liste des auteurs). Liens externes Ressource relative à l'architecture : The Skyscraper Center Portail des gratte-ciel Portail de Singapour
SPICE Arena

SPICE Arena is a multipurpose indoor arena in George Town within the Malaysian state of Penang. Situated within the suburb of Bayan Lepas, it contains 80,000 sq ft (7,400 m2) of event space and is touted as the largest arena in northern Malaysia. Originally named the Penang International Sports Arena (abbrev. PISA), the arena was completed in 1997 ahead of the 2000 Sukma Games and the 2001 SEA Games. The venue was plaqued with issues related to poor design and maintenance. In 2011, Malaysian property developer S P Setia was awarded a project to redevelop the arena, with modifications completed by 2016. Now a component of Setia SPICE, the arena is used for sports events, concerts and conventions. History Proposals for the construction of an indoor sports arena at Bayan Lepas had been suggested in the early 1990s. The 25.4-acre (10.3 ha) PISA was subsequently built by the Penang Island Municipal Council (now Penang Island City Council) at a cost of RM102.5 million, supported by a subsidy of RM20 million from the Malaysian federal government. The complex, which included an indoor sports arena and an aquatics centre, was completed in November 1997. Local company Maxifield was awarded the tender to operate the complex. As early as 1998, design deficiencies at PISA were already identified, resulting in an expenditure of RM4 million by Maxifield to upgrade the facility in preparation for the 2000 Sukma Games, which were hosted by Penang. Following financial difficulties faced by Maxifield in 1999, the municipal government appointed Penevents, a subsidiary of the Penang Development Corporation, as the new operator of the complex. Design issues persisted, however, leading to complaints of inadequate seating amenities during the Sukma Games. PISA was one of the venues for the 2001 SEA Games, hosting events such as judo and wushu. Following the Games, the complex reportedly fell into disrepair. The municipal government estimated that RM25 million was required for extensive repairs to the facilities. Renovation After the 2008 state election, the new Pakatan Rakyat-led state government requested proposals to redevelop PISA. In 2011, Malaysian property developer S P Setia secured a 30-year concession from the municipal government to build and operate the complex, which was subsequently renamed Setia SPICE. The redevelopment project was valued at RM300 million, but the municipal government was only obligated to invest a nett amount of RM11.5 million due to cost savings from the open tender process. In addition, S P Setia received planning approval to build Setia V Residences at Gurney Drive, as part of an additional 1,500 residential units exceeding the density limit of its existing and future projects in the state. By 2016, upgrades to the SPICE Arena, part of the Setia SPICE complex, were complete. Modifications were made to the roof, façade, and air conditioning, chiller and surveillance systems. A covered walkway now links the arena with the adjacent SPICE Convention Centre. SPICE Arena also served as the first mass vaccination centre in Penang during the COVID-19 pandemic. See also Dewan Sri Pinang Axiata Arena References
Пагох

Пахох (на малайски: Pagoh) е предградие в окръг Муар, Джохор, Малайзия. Пагох е достъпен чрез един от основните възли на скоростната Магистрала Север-Юг, главната скоростната магистрала на западното крайбрежие на полуостров Малайзия. Забележителности Гробница на султан Алаудин Риаят Шах I Джамия Кампунг Раджа Насуха Сто – градина с подправки Овощна градина Дамай Историческа джамия на Кампунг Пая Редан
Pagoh

Pagoh ist eine Stadt im Distrikt Muar, Johor, Malaysia. Sie liegt 25 Kilometer von Muar entfernt und ist über die Johor State Route J32 (Muar–Labis Fernstraße) erreichbar. Pagoh ist über einen der wichtigsten Autobahnknotenpunkte des North-South Expressway, der wichtigsten Schnellstraße an der Westküste der malaiischen Halbinsel, angebunden. In der Stadt befinden sich mehrere Einrichtungen der malaysischen Bundesregierung, darunter das Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara (IKBN) und das malaysische Nationaldienstlager Nasuha. Geschichte Während des Malaiischen Notstands stellten britische und Commonwealth-Truppen die Leichen kommunistischer Guerillas in Pagoh öffentlich zur Schau. Bildung Der Pagoh Educational Hub (EduHub Pagoh), das größte öffentliche Hochschulzentrum Malaysias, entsteht in Bandar Universiti Pagoh, einer neuen, gut geplanten Bildungsstadt in Muar. Er hat Pagohs Ruf als Universitätsstadt gefestigt und beherbergt die Zweigstellen der Internationale Islamische Universität Malaysia und der University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia sowie das Forschungszentrum der University of Technology Malaysia. Die erste Phase wurde Mitte September 2011 gestartet. Einzelnachweise
Pagoh

Pagoh is a town in Muar District, Johor, Malaysia. Pagoh is situated 25 kilometres (16 mi) from Muar via Johor State Route J32 (Muar–Labis trunk road) and is accessible via one of the main interchanges on the North–South Expressway, the major expressway on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. There are several federal government institutions in that town, including Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara (IKBN) and Malaysian National Service Nasuha Camp. History During the Malayan Emergency, British and Commonwealth forces publicly displayed the corpses of communist guerrillas in Pagoh. Education Primary education is provided by several primary schools in Pagoh. One example is SJKC (national type Chinese school) Soon Mong which is approximately 50 years old. One of the secondary schools in Pagoh is SMK Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah I (SARS1), named after the sultan of Malacca who died in Pagoh. Pagoh Educational Hub (EduHub Pagoh), the largest public higher education hub area in Malaysia, is being constructed at Bandar Universiti Pagoh, a new well-planned education township in Muar, has cemented Pagoh's name as a college town, housing the branch campuses of the International Islamic University of Malaysia and Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia and the research centre of University of Technology Malaysia. The first phase has been launched in the middle of September 2011. Tourist attractions Damai Orchard (Dusun Damai) Kampung Raja Mosque and Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah I's tomb Nasuha Spice Garden (Taman Rempah Ratus Nasuha) Sports and recreation Pagoh National Sports Council Complex Federal constituency Health Pagoh Health Clinic (Klinik Kesihatan Pagoh) Transportation Exit 238 of Pagoh Interchange (Persimpangan Pagoh) at North–South Expressway Southern Route serves Pagoh. The area is accessible by Bas Muafakat Johor bus route MU-004 (Terminal Maharani, Muar–Pagoh). See also Bandar Universiti Pagoh Muar (town) References
Salak Selatan Komuter station

The Salak Selatan Komuter station is a KTM Komuter at-grade train station located near the township of Salak South, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Facing the Salak Expressway off Exit 3704 of the highway, the station is situated about 400 metres south of the old town of Salak South. The station is primarily served by the Batu Caves–Pulau Sebang Line (formerly known as the Seremban Line). The station was built along four rail tracks. The station, like many stations along the KTM Komuter lines, has only two platforms for northbound or southbound passengers. The platforms are served by the two outermost tracks, while the middle inner tracks are used as bypass tracks for trains that do not stop at the station. The station in charge of managing railway switches and supports a small railway staff team. The station is also linked to storage facilities and machinery for track maintenance. The Salak Selatan LRT station, located next to the old portion of Salak South, is also situated 400 metres away from the Komuter station, requiring passengers to leave any of the two stations to walk along a stretch of road to reach the other station. Due to the distance between both stations and despite sharing the same name, they are not effectively integrated or regarded as connecting stations. The Komuter station is located in Kampung Baru Salak Selatan, a newer portion of Salak South development. On official railway maps, the location of the station is added to the Komuter station to differentiate it with the LRT station. References
Lam Research

Lam Research Corporation és un proveïdor nord-americà d'equips de fabricació d'oblies electròniques i serveis relacionats per a la indústria dels semiconductors. Els seus productes s'utilitzen principalment en el processament d'hòsties frontals, que inclou els passos que creen els components actius dels dispositius semiconductors (transistors, condensadors) i el seu cablejat (interconnexions). L'empresa també construeix equips per a l'encapsulat (WLP) del circuits integrtats i per a mercats de fabricació relacionats, com ara sistemes microelectromecànics (MEMS). Lam Research va ser fundada l'any 1980 pel Dr. David K. Lam i té la seu a Fremont, Califòrnia, a Silicon Valley. A partir del 2018, va ser el segon fabricant més gran de la zona de la badia, després de Tesla. Lam Research dissenya i construeix productes per a la fabricació de semiconductors, inclosos equips per a la deposició de pel·lícules primes, gravat amb plasma, tires fotoresistents i processos de neteja d'oblies. Al llarg de la fabricació de semiconductors, aquestes tecnologies ajuden a crear transistors, interconnexions, memòria avançada i estructures d'embalatge. També s'utilitzen per a aplicacions en mercats relacionats com els sistemes microelectromecànics (MEMS) i els díodes emissors de llum (LED). L'empresa comercialitza els seus productes i serveis principalment a empreses implicades en la producció de semiconductors als Estats Units, Europa i Àsia. Els clients importants de Lam inclouen Intel; Kioxia; Micron Technology; Samsung Electronics; SK Hynix; TSMC i Yangtze Memory Technologies. Referències Vegeu també Applied Materials ASML Holding KLA Corporation
Lam Research

Lam Research est une entreprise américaine qui fait partie de l'indice NASDAQ-100. Cette entreprise est spécialisée dans la fabrications d'équipements pour l'industrie des semi-conducteurs. Histoire En octobre 2015, Lam Research annonce l'acquisition pour 10,6 milliards de dollars KLA-Tencor. Cette opération est annulée en octobre 2016, à la suite de l'opposition du ministère de la justice américain. Références Liens externes Site officiel Portail des entreprises Portail de la région de la baie de San Francisco
Lam Research

Lam Research Corporation – amerykański dostawca sprzętu do produkcji półprzewodników i powiązanych usług dla przemysłu półprzewodnikowego. Produkty firmy są głównie wykorzystywane w procesie obróbki wafli w procesach front-end, który obejmuje etapy tworzenia aktywnych komponentów układów półprzewodnikowych (tranzystory, kondensatory) oraz ich połączeń. Firma produkuje również urządzenia do pakowania wafli krzemowych oraz na potrzeby powiązanych rynków produkcyjnych, np. dla mikroukładów elektromechanicznych. Lam Research został założony w 1980 przez Davida K. Lama. W 2023 r. był to trzecim co do wielkości producentem w rejonie Bay Area, po Tesli i Intuitive Surgical. Przypisy
Swissôtel The Stamford

Swissôtel The Stamford (kinesisk: 史丹福瑞士酒店), er et luksushotel i Singapore som hører under hotelkæden Swissôtel Hotels & Resorts. Hotellet er designet af arkitekt I.M. Pei. Bygningen er 226 meter høj, og er en af Sydøstasiens højeste hoteller. Det ligger centralt i byen og er en del af komplekset Raffles.Hotellet har 16 restauranter. Kilder Eksterne henvisninger Swissôtel Hotels and Resorts (engelsk) Swissôtel The Stamford (engelsk) http://www.equinoxcomplex.com/ Arkiveret 24. august 2010 hos Wayback Machine