NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Tornant Moat

Tornant Moat is an Irish National Monument composed of a ringfort and nearby barrows. Location Tornant Moat is located 1.3 km (0.81 mi) south of Dunlavin. History Tornant Moat consists of a ringfort and barrows. The name derives from the Irish tor neannta, "nettle mound." Description Tornant Moat is a large circular ringfort (diameter m) with bank and moat and raised centre. References
Crossoona Rath

Crossoona Rath (irisch Ráth Chrois Uaithne) ist ein Ráth am Südosthang des Kilranelagh Hill in der Nähe zweier Nebenflüsse des Slaney, etwa 6,5 km östlich von Baltinglass im irischen County Wicklow. Zusammen mit dem integrierten Oghamstein gilt es als irisches National Monument. Beschreibung Crossoona Rath ist etwa kreisrund und von einem Erd- und Steinwall mit einem äußeren Graben umgeben; im Süden gibt es einen weiteren äußeren Wall. Fundamente von zwei Steingebäuden befinden sich im nordwestlichen Teil. Es ist eine große Einfriedung am Südosthang eines Hügels und somit vom aus Norden und Westen heranziehende Wetter durch den Hügel geschützt, im Norden durch den höheren Spinans Hill und im Osten durch den viel höheren Kaedeen. Oghamstein Der Oghamstein (CIIC 50) liegt im Inneren des Ráth, wird auf das 5. Jahrhundert n. Chr. geschätzt und auf ihm steht „᚛ᚃᚑᚈᚔ᚜“ (VOTI oder FOTI), möglicherweise der Genetiv des Eigennamens „Votas“ oder „Votus“, möglicherweise aber auch in Verbindung mit dem irischen Worten „Foth“ (dt.: Gesetz, Anspruch, Recht) oder „Fotha“ (dt.: Basis, Fundament). Einzelnachweise
Crossoona Rath

Crossoona Rath (Irish: Ráth Chrois Uaithne [ˈɾˠaːh xɾˠɔʃ ˈuənʲə]) is a ringfort located in County Wicklow, Ireland. Together with a nearby ogham stone, it forms a National Monument. Location Crossoona Rath is located on the SE face of Kilranelagh Hill, near two tributaries of the Slaney and 6.5 km (4.0 mi) east of Baltinglass. History Crossoona Rath is believed to have been the dwelling of several (semi)historical figures of the first millennium AD: Eochaid Doimlén of Ráth Imáil, first-century King of Leinster lived near the Glen of Imaal Buchet, hero of the 10th-century tale Esnada Tige Buchet ("The Melodies of Buchet's House"), is believed to have lived "at or near the present Kilranelagh House" on Kilranelagh Hill Rónán mac Aed, in the literary-historical fiction Fingal Rónáin ("The Kinslaying of Ronan"), lived at or near Kilranelagh Hill Crossoona Rath is a likely home for at least some of these people: it is a spacious enclosure situated on the southeast slope of the hill and is protected from the weather on the north and west by the bulk of the hill, on the north by the higher Spinans Hill, and on the east by the higher Keadeen Mountain. Description Crossoona Rath is roughly circular and is defined by an earth and stone bank and external moat, with outer bank to the south. Foundations of two stone structures are in the northwest part. Ogham stone The ogham stone (CIIC 50) is located inside the rath and has been dated to AD 400–500 and reads ᚛ᚃᚑᚈᚔ᚜ (VOTI or FOTI), possibly the genitive of a personal name Votas or Votus, or maybe related to the Irish words foth ("law, claim, right") or fotha ("base, foundation"). References
Wedge Tomb von Moylisha

Das Wedge-Tomb von Moylisha (irisch Leaba na Saidhe), oder „Bed of the Fairies“ (deutsch „Feenbett“) genannt, liegt im Townland Moylisha (irisch Maoilise) bei Shillelagh, im äußersten Südwesten des County Wicklow in Irland. Wedge Tombs (deutsch „Keilgräber“), früher auch „wedge-shaped gallery grave“ genannt, sind Megalithanlagen der späten Jungsteinzeit und der frühen Bronzezeit (2500–2000 v. Chr.) und typisch für die Westhälfte Irlands. Beschreibung Das dachlose Wedge Tomb liegt in einem Steinhügel, der ursprünglich etwa 1,5 m hoch und 42 Meter lang war. Es besteht aus einer kurzen Vorkammer und, durch eine Platte separiert, einer längeren trapezoiden Hauptkammer, die sich, völlig unüblich, entgegen der sonstigen Bauform, zum Ende hin erweitert. Um die etwa 7,5 m lange Kammer ist die doppelwandige U-förmige Steinsetzung erhalten. Ein einzelner Deckstein liegt in der Kammer. Das Grab besaß einen annähernd rechteckigen Nordwest-Südost-orientierten Steinhügel (Cairn) mit den Maßen 13 m × 10 m. Das Wedge Tomb wurde zweimal ausgegraben. Einmal im späten 19. Jahrhundert und ein weiteres Mal in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Die erste Ausgrabung Im Jahr 1887 unternahm Reverend J. F. M. Ffrench. Bei der Ausgrabung von F.T. Riley im Jahr 1937 wurden Knochen, zwei Hälften einer Gussform aus Sandstein für eine bronze Speerspitze an der Basis des Steinhaufen an der Ostseite und Scherben grober Keramik gefunden. Es ist ein irisches National Monument. Siehe auch Megalithanlagen in Irland Liste von Wedge Tombs in Irland Literatur Peter Harbison: Pre-christian Ireland – From the first Settlers to the early Celts. London 1988, S. 259, ISBN 0-500-27809-1, S. 258 Weblinks Beschreibung (engl.) und Bild Beschreibung (engl.) und Bilder – allerdings fälschlich als Portal tomb bezeichnet Beschreibung (engl.) und Bilder
Moylisha Wedge Tomb

The Moylisha Wedge Tomb, also called Labbanasighe, is a wedge-shaped gallery grave and National Monument located in County Wicklow, Ireland. Location Moylisha Wedge Tomb is located on the north face of Moylisha Hill, 6.1 km (3.8 mi) west of Shillelagh. History The Moylisha Wedge Tomb was constructed c. 2300–1000 BC, i.e. the Copper Age or Bronze Age. The old name "Labbanasighe" is from Irish leaba na saidhe, meaning "Bed of the Bitch" (i.e. female dog). The name might also mean "Labbanasaighde" which translates as "Bed of the Arrow / Shaft" which may be evidenced through finds from archaeological digs. Local folklore in Parkbridge explains the origins of the name differently - in the local area the phonetics are pronounced like "Lob-na-Sy (Síthe)" which is said to mean "Bed of the Fairies". The site was excavated in 1937 by Gearóid Ó h-Iceadha and potsherds, some cremated bone and two stone disks were found. Also found were two valves of a sandstone mould for lozenge-bladed socket-looped spearheads. Description Moylisha Wedge Tomb consists of a rectangular cairn 13 × 10 meters incorporating a gallery 7.5 meters in length aligned NW–SE. The gallery consists of a small antechamber separated by a low sill from the main chamber 6 m in length which widens toward the southeast. A single displaced roofstone lies in the gallery. References
Raheen-a-Cluig

Raheen-a-Cluig is a medieval church and National Monument in Bray, County Wicklow, Ireland. Location Raheen-a-Cluig lies on the north face of Bray Head in Raheen Park, about 300 m (330 yd) south of the beach, with a commanding view over the coastline. History Raheen-a-Cluig is believed to have been built in the 12th–13th century AD. The name derives from the Irish Ráithín an Chloig. This would mean "little fort of the bell", but there is no sign of a fort. Ráithín can also refer to a wall of built-up sods of turf, or it could be a version of raithean, "ferny area". It was given to the Augustines by the then prominent Archbold family. It may have been dedicated to St Michael or St Brendan. It was partially restored in the 18th century. Over the years it has also been used as a hideout by smugglers, and it associated with various ghost stories. Church The ruins have a doorway in the northeast wall which would have originally held a strong timber door, and round-headed windows in the east and west gables. There were two smaller buildings close by and so is an enclosure: probably a cillín: a burial ground for suicides, shipwrecked sailors, strangers, unrepentant murderers and unbaptised babies. About a 400 m (¼ mile) southeast of the church there was a holy well, known as Patrick’s Well. This was still used in the 1830s, mostly by invalids. References Media related to Raheenachluig Church, Bray at Wikimedia Commons
Iglesia de Raheen-a-Cluig

La iglesia de Raheen-a-Cluig es un edificio medieval catalogado como monumento nacional situada en Bray, condado de Wicklow, Irlanda.​ Localización Raheen-a-Cluig se encuentra en la cara norte de la montaña de Bray Head, junto a Raheen Park, alrededor de 300 metros al sur de la playa, con vistas a la costa de Bray. Historia Se cree que la iglesia de Raheen-a-Cluig fue construida entre el siglo XII o XIII.​ El nombre proviene del irlandés Ráithín an Chloig, cuyo significado es "pequeña fortaleza de la campana", pero no hay señales de ninguna fortaleza. Ráithín también puede referirse a una muralla de tepes acumulados de turba, o puede ser una versión de raithean, "zona de helechos". Fue entregada a los agustinos por la entonces prominente familia Archbold. Posiblemente estuviese dedicada al culto de San Miguel o San Brandán.​​ Fue parcialmente restaurada en el siglo XVIII. A lo largo de los años fue utilizada también como escondite por los contrabandistas y ha sido asociada a varias historias de fantasmas. Iglesia Las ruinas tienen una puerta en la pared noreste que originalmente habría tenido una fuerte puerta de madera, y ventanas de cabeza redonda en el este y oeste del gablete. Había dos edificios más pequeños cerca y también un recinto: probablemente un cillín, palabra que designa a los cementerios históricos de Irlanda en los que se enterraba a aquellas personas que no podían ser enterradas en las iglesias consagradas, principalmente destinado a bebés no natos o no bautizados, pero también para suicidas, marineros naufragados, extraños o asesinos no arrepentidos. A unos 400 metros al sureste de la iglesia había un pozo sagrado, conocido como el pozo de Patrick. El pozo todavía se usaba en la década de 1830, principalmente por inválidos.​ Véase también Bray Head Referencias Enlaces externos Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Iglesia de Raheen-a-Cluig.
Aghowle Church

Aghowle Church is a medieval church and national monument in County Wicklow, Ireland. It was one of the largest rural parish churches of its era. Aghowle is also a civil parish in the ancient barony of Shillelagh. Location Aghowle Church is located 1.7 km (1.1 mi) southwest of Coolkenno, near some tributaries of the River Derreen. History It is claimed that a monastery was founded on the site by Finnian of Clonard in the 6th century. They lived in Clocháin (beehive huts) around a wooden church The placename derives from the Irish for "field of apple trees." The present church dates to c. 1100 and was in use by the Church of Ireland until 1716–17. It is the principal ecclesiastical site of the northern Ui Felmeda. The large size of the structure indicates importance but the historical record is unclear why this parish was so important. Local legend tells of a "fugitive bell": apparently St Finnian (470–549) erected a belfry at Aghowle, but later moved the bell to his other monastery at Clonard. One day it vanished and reappeared at Aghowle, and, despite several attempts at removing it, the bell kept on returning to Aghowle. Church The church is a long rectangular building with high gables of which the original north, east and west walls survive. The granite west doorway is lintelled on the outside and arched inside. It has Romanesque moulding on the outside and a draw-bar socket as well as pre-Romanesque influences. Two round-headed windows in the east wall have hood mouldings on the outside supported by pillars. St Finden's Cross To the northeast of the church is a 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) high imperforate ringed granite high cross, possibly unfinished, standing on a pyramidal base known as St Finden's Cross. There are sunken panels in the shaft and underneath the arms. It dates to approximately the 10th century. Font Located on the eastern side of the cross is a large granite baptismal font (130 × 73 cm; 4′3″ × 2′5″) which is believed to be pre-Norman. Local tradition claimed that water from the font could cure headaches. It is generally accepted that the use of fonts within churches became firmly established during the 12th century in Ireland, reflecting the move to a parochial and diocesan organisation of the church and the changes in liturgical conventions that this brought. It was required that the sacraments take place in a fixed baptistery inside a church. In the field to the southeast is a large bullaun stone. References
St. Mary's Church, Downsmill

St. Mary's Church, Downshill, also called Woodlands Church, is a medieval church and National Monument in the Glen of the Downs, County Wicklow, Ireland. Location St. Mary's Church is located 1.2 km (¾ mile) west of Delgany, in the southern part of the Glen of the Downs. History St. Mary's Church is dated to the 11th century AD, but there is little to no evidence for this. Other sources place its construction in the 15th century. The church was restored in 1906 and the baptismal font inside the door set into place. Church St. Mary's is a nave and chancel church, with a bell-cote in the west. The doorway has two bevelled granite jambs. The east wall has an arched window, with the south and north having opposing flat arch windows. References
Kilcroney Church

Kilcroney Church is a medieval church and National Monument in County Wicklow, Ireland. Location Kilcroney Church is located in woodland on the western edge of Bray, to the south of the River Dargle. History There may have been an earlier wooden church on the site, dedicated to Saint Cróine, an obscure female saint of the 5th century. The stone church was built in the 11th century, and the pre-Norman patrons were either the Uí Briuin Cualann or the Ó Ceallaigh of Uí Teigh. In the Norman period, Kilcroney is mentioned in records of 1280, 1285 and 1305. It later returned to Gaelic Irish possession when the Ó Tuathail (O'Tooles) took over the area. In 1533, it was mentioned that Kilcroney was a chapel of the larger local church at Stagonyll (Powerscourt). Other records claim it was a possession of St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin. The church was extended in the late medieval period, and in the modern period there has been some restoration, with the walls being propped up. Church The church is rectangular in shapewith walls of sandstone, granite and shale blocks. The southern wall holds a granite lintel and round-headed window. References
Kilcoole Church

Kilcoole Church, also called Old Kilcoole Church, is a medieval church and National Monument in Kilcoole, County Wicklow, Ireland. Location Kilcoole Church is located on Lott Lane in the centre of Kilcoole village, 1.5 km (0.93 mi) west of the seashore. At 6°03′46″W, it is the easternmost of the Republic of Ireland's National Monuments. History The church derives its name from a Saint Comgall (not the famous Comgall of Bangor). The church was built in the 12th century and was dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus. Thady Byrne of Ballygannon, a senior member of the O'Byrne family, was buried at Kilcoole Church in 1707. Church The church is a nave and chancel structure. The chancel probably once had a step-pitched stone roof, with a small attic roof over the chancel. The nave has a square baptismal font, a cross slab and a small round-headed window in the south wall. The west part of the church was added later as a two-storey living quarters. A holy well is located 100 m (110 yd) to the northeast. References
Cannistown Church

Cannistown Church is a medieval church and National Monument in County Meath, Ireland. Location Cannistown Church is located on the west bank of the Boyne, 4 km (2.5 mi) south of Navan. The Hill of Tara lies 5.8 km (3.6 mi) to the southeast. History Ardsallagh (Irish árd saileach, "height of willows") is believed to be on the site of an early Christian monastery founded by Finnian of Clonard in the sixth century, known by various names: Escair-Branain (Brenan's ridge) Ard-bren-n Domnuich (Height of Brenan's church) or Airdleac (High stone). One hagiography claims that Saint Senach was educated by Finnian at Ardsallagh. Cannistown Church, dedicated to Brigit of Kildare, was probably built in the 12th century by the de Angulo / Nangle family, the Anglo-Normans to whom Cannistown was granted by Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath. It was the parish church from the 13th century onward, and was rebuilt in the 15th/16th century, but some original features remain, most notably the chancel. A church at "Ardsalach" is listed in the ecclesiastical taxation (1302–06) of Pope Nicholas IV. The church was closed around the time of the Reformation: in 1612, George Montgomery, Church of Ireland Bishop of Meath, described it as "in ruins." Church The church consists of a nave and chancel with high gables, and the remains of a bell-gable in the west. The arch leading into the chancel is of particular interest: Carved stones on each side of the arch show three dogs attacking an otter or fox, and another carving of three men, possibly depicting the Arrest of Jesus. There is a single lancet window and an ambry (recess for storing sacred vessels and vestments) at ground level on the north wall and a surviving lancet and piscina at the east end of the south wall. There is a small bullaun stone in the nave. References
Gaulstown Barrow

Gaulstown Barrow is a round barrow (bowl barrow) and National Monument located in County Meath, Ireland. Location Gaulstown Barrow is 2.3 km (1.4 mi) southwest of Duleek, just north of the Nanny. Description Gaulstown Barrow is a circular bowl barrow built over a tomb, probably dating to the late Neolithic or early Bronze Age. References
Sheep Gate

The Sheep Gate is a town gate in Trim, Ireland. It is a National Monument. History The Sheep Gate is the only surviving gate of five that once provided access to Trim. The town wall and its gates were built in the 13th or 14th century. Sheep Gate may have been so named as a toll was charged here for sheep being brought in to be sold at market: in 1290, the murage and pavage tax was one penny per ten sheep, reduced to a farthing in 1308. The name could also derive from the archaic meaning of cheap, meaning "market" (cf. Cheapside). This name is not recorded before the 19th century; it may have been known as the Porch Gate, possibly from French porte ("door"), which may also give its name to the Porch Fields lying outside the city walls. The gate was locked between 9 p.m. and 4 a.m. The gate The gate was the southeastern entrance to the town, and is located just north of the River Boyne. Sheep Gate survives as a stone archway. References
Porch Fields

The Porch Fields is an area of medieval farmland outside Trim, Ireland with a medieval roadway that forms a National Monument. Location The Porch Fields are a green area in Trim, located on the north bank of the River Boyne, between the old town wall and Sheep Gate to the west and Newtown Abbey to the east. History The Porchfield lies between the Anglo‐Norman town of Trim founded c. 1180 and the rural borough of Newtown Trim founded c. 1220. The two towns were connected through the open field via a medieval sunken lane road about 1 km (0.6 mi) in length. The new burgesses were awarded 3 acres (1.2 ha) of land each. They used ridge and furrow agriculture to grow crops, and each narrow strip was one perch (5 m, 16 ft) wide — this may is how the Porch Fields acquired their name. However, it could also derive from the French porte meaning 'door', referring to the Sheep Gate. The name "Portual Field" appears on a nineteenth-century map. It is claimed that Oliver Cromwell's troops made camp on the Porch Fields before the 1649 Siege of Drogheda. References
Cruicetown Church

Cruicetown Church is a medieval church and National Monument in County Meath, Ireland. Location Cruicetown Church is located 3.6 km (2.2 mi) southwest of Nobber, near the top of a hill overlooking the River Dee. History Cruicetown is named after the Cruise family, ancestors of actor Tom Cruise. The church was built c. 1200, as evidenced by the round-headed windows with external rabbets for shutters. A church of the "vill de Cruicetoun" is listed in the ecclesiastical taxation (1302–06) of Pope Nicholas IV. It was described as ruined by 1641. Church Cruicetown Church is a nave and chancel and was built around the year 1200. Within the nave is a red sandstone baptismal font and several carved fragments. In the chancel is the double effigy tomb of Walter Cruice of Naul (d. 1663) and Elizabeth Cruice of Brittas which was erected in 1688 by their son Patrick Cruise. The grave is decorated with trumpet-blowing putti. A carved cross also stands in the graveyard. References
St. Patrick's Church, Duleek

St. Patrick's Church, Duleek is a medieval church and National Monument in County Meath, Ireland. It is believed to have been the first stone church built in Ireland. Location St. Patrick's Church is located just north of Church Lane in Duleek, 400 m (1,300 ft) northwest of the Nanny River. History According to tradition, St Patrick established a bishopric here c. AD 450 and placed it in the care of Saint Cianán in 489. It acquires its name from the Irish damhliag, "stone house," as it is believed to have been the first stone church in Ireland. It is mentioned in the Annals of Ulster for AD 724. Other churches were known as dairthech, "oak house," as they were made of oak wood. Duleek was sacked by Vikings in 830. In 1014 the bodies of Brian Boru and his son Murchad mac Briain lay in state at Duleek. The Vikings plundered it again in 1149 and the Normans in 1171. Church St. Patrick's Church, Duleek is a simple rectangular structure. The northeast wall is partially missing and the southwest wall is completely absent. There is a pointed doorway of undressed stone in the southeast wall. A limestone slab in the wall reads ÓR DO SCANLA_N ("pray for Scanlain"). References
St. John's Priory, Trim

St. John's Priory is a medieval priory and hospital and National Monument located near Trim, County Meath, Ireland. Location St. John's Priory is located about 1.6 km (1 mile) east of Trim town centre, on the south bank of the Boyne. Newtown Abbey lies immediately to the northwest, across the river. History St. John's Priory was established by Simon Rochfort, Bishop of Meath, c. 1202 for the Crutched Friars. The first record of the priory is in 1281 when there was a grant of alms from the manor of "Magathtreth." In 1513 Edmund Dillon was prior of this monastery; his brother Thomas Dillon was prior of Saints Peter and Paul's at the time. Their brother Robert was granted the priory at the 1540 Dissolution of the Monasteries. At the time the priory consisted of a church, two towers, a hall, storehouse, kitchen, brewhouse, two granaries, a dovecote and a haggard (stackyard). There were 90 acres (36 ha) of arable land near the Boyne, land and a mill on the Leinster Blackwater, a castle and land at Longwood, County Meath and various other lands in the county. He later sold it to the Ashe family. After they abandoned it, it was supposedly granted to the Catholic Bishop of Meath. After the Battle of the Boyne (1690) the building was granted to one of King William's men. According to one story, on his first night in the holy spot he saw a "most horrid vision" and at dawn he rode away never to return. The site was excavated by David Sweetman in 1984, who found the remains of a 15th-century rood screen and a doorway in the gable end of the nave. Buildings The hospitals of the Crutched Friars were built similar to all Canons Regular monasteries, but with special facilities for caring for the sick. One of the buildings shows the remains of a chute disposing of waste material into the river. Among the remains is a church with nave and chancel and a large three-light window in the east wall, see above. Part of a long two-storey building remains, as does a 15th–16th century enclosing wall with a corner turret. There is also a 15th-century three-storey tower which is vaulted above ground level and forms part of the defensive wall. References