NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
St. Mary's Abbey, Duleek

St. Mary's Abbey is a medieval monastery and National Monument located in Duleek, Ireland. Location St. Mary's Abbey is located in the central part of Duleek called the Commons, between Main Street and Church Lane. The Nanny River is to the southwest. History A monastery stood in Duleek from the 5th century. A round tower stood here; it was damaged by lightning in 1147 but survived a few more centuries. In 1180 Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath granted Duleek (including St. Patrick's Church) to the Canons Regular. However, the surviving buildings are later: the southern arcade is 13th century, the southern aisle and bell tower are 15th century and the main tower and the east gable with window are 16th century. The abbey was shut down in the 1537 Dissolution of the Monasteries. The Abbey was later used for burials. James Cusack, Catholic Bishop of Meath 1679–88, was buried in an effigial tomb. Also buried here is John Bellew, 1st Baron Bellew of Duleek who died of wounds received at the Battle of Aughrim, and his second son, Richard Bellew, 3rd Baron Bellew of Duleek. Saint Kienan's, a Church of Ireland church, was built next to the old abbey in 1816. Buildings All that remains is the south aisle and the tower. The tower survives with four stories with quoins, battered walls, battlements, aumbry and stairs turret. The east window (bearing the arms of Sir John Bellew and Dame Ismay Nugent beneath it) is a 1587 post-Gothic replacement. In the north wall of the medieval belfry is the scar or shadow of a round tower. References
Taghmon Church

Taghmon Church () is a fortified church and National Monument in County Westmeath, Ireland. Location Taghmon Church is located 1.8 km (1.1 mi) east of Crookedwood, southeast of Lough Derravaragh. History A monastery was established on the site in the 6th or 7th century by Fintán, also called Munna or Munnu. St. Munna's was built as a fortified church in the early 15th century. It was plundered by Farrell Mageoghegan in 1452. After the Reformation the church passed to the Nugent family. It was almost ruined by 1622. The church is recorded as being in use again by the Church of Ireland by 1755 and was restored extensively in 1843. Church The church is a single cell with a barrel-vaulted roof. It has battlements with Irish crenellations and a machicolation above the door. The church and tower also have a pronounced base-batter. The tall tower at the west end of the church provided security for the clergy. There is a sheela-na-gig above the first window of the north wall. The tower is four storeys high, with vaulted ceilings over the first and third storeys. The second floor was the living area, with fireplace, window seats and a slop stone (a channel through the thickness of a wall for the disposal of waste water). Above this was a bedroom and garderobe. References
Dunnamona

Dunnamona is a motte-and-bailey and National Monument in County Westmeath, Ireland. Location Dunnamona motte is located next to a tributary of the Owenacharra River, 4.7 km (2.9 mi) east of Tubberclare. History and archaeology Motte-and-bailey castles were a primitive type of castle built by the Norman invasion, a mound of earth topped by a wooden palisade. This region, known as Tethbae, was allotted to the Dillon family, descendants of Sir Henry de Leon (c. 1176 – 1244). They built the motte at Dunnamona ("hillfort of peat") as well as another at Drumraney, later abandoning the mottes for permanent stone castles. References
Raharney Ringfort

Raharney Ringfort is a ringfort located in County Westmeath, Ireland and a National Monument. Location Raharney Ringfort is located immediately west of Raharney village, just south of the R156. History Raths were ancient circular fortified settlements or homesteads in Gaelic Ireland (i.e. prior to 1170). The name is from the Irish Ráth Fhearna (ringfort of alder) or Ráth Athairne (ringfort of Athirne, a mythical poet). Description The rath is relatively small, covering 0.17 ha (0.42 acres). it is visible today as a slight hill in the middle of a field, covered in trees. References
Tullaroan Church

Tullaroan Church is a medieval church and National Monument in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Location Tullaroan Church is located immediately south of Tullaroan, on the east bank of a tributary of the Munster River. Church Tullaroan Parish Church consisted of nave and chancel. Other features are a sedilia, Gothic door, and choir-arch. Grace's Chapel was founded in 1543 by Sir John (Le) Grace (died 1568) and is attached to the south side of the parish church. References
Kloster Ullard

Das Kloster Ullard (irisch Iolard) geht auf eine frühchristliche Gründung durch St. Fiachra zurück, der 670 verstorben ist. Das Kloster liegt etwas oberhalb des westlichen Ufers des River Barrow gegenüber der Ortschaft Borris und nördlich von Graiguenamanagh im County Kilkenny. Erhalten geblieben ist ein Hochkreuz aus dem 9. oder 10. Jahrhundert. Geschichte und Architektur Der Gründer, St. Fiachra, war zuvor Abt in Clonard und in Conwall in Donegal gewesen. Nach der Gründung von Ullard zog er später weiter nach Frankreich, wo er bis zu seinem Tod in einer eremitischen Klause bei Meaux lebte. Sein Gedenktag in Irland ist der 8. Februar. Eine gewisse Blüte muss das Kloster im 9. oder 10. Jahrhundert erfahren haben, weil die heutigen Reste aus dieser Zeit stammen. Die Kirche zeichnet sich durch den im romanischen Stil errichteten Westeingang aus. Anders als sonst in Irland üblich, wurde hier Granit an Stelle von Sandstein verwandt, so dass die Details der Steinmetzarbeiten im Vergleich stärker und gleichzeitig einfacher erscheinen. Nur die beiden äußeren Bögen sind noch in der ursprünglichen Form, der innere, dritte Bogen geht auf einen späteren Restaurierungsversuch zurück. Auch aus dieser Zeit stammt das ebenfalls aus Granit bestehende Hochkreuz, das an der südöstlichen Ecke der Kirche steht. Ein Teil des Schafts ist jedoch nicht erhalten geblieben, so dass dieser im Rahmen einer Restaurierung ersetzt wurde. Auf der Ostseite des Hochkreuzes ist in der Mitte die Kreuzigung Christi zu erkennen. Links findet sich eine Darstellung des David beim Spielen einer Lyra. Das Instrument wird mit einem runden und einem geraden Arm dargestellt und gehört zu einer Reihe realistischer Abbildungen von Musikinstrumenten auf irischen Hochkreuzen. Die Lyren waren bis ca. 1000 in Europa weit verbreitet, bevor sie durch Harfen ersetzt wurden. Rechts von der Kreuzigung ist die Opferung Isaaks zu finden, die Darstellung oberhalb lässt sich nicht mehr deuten. Die Westseite ist ungleich schwerer zu erkennen. Harbison vermutet, dass dort Szenen aus dem Leben der Eremiten Paul und Antonius dargestellt sind. In der Nähe befinden sich die Bullaunsteine Ullard I und II. Literatur Primäre Quellen John O’Donovan, James H. Todd: The Martyrology of Donegal: A Calendar Of The Saints Of Ireland. Dublin 1864. Whitley Stokes: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee. London 1905. Sekundärliteratur Harold G. Leask: Irish Churches and Monastic Buildings. Vol. 1, Dundalgan Press, Dundalk 1955, OCLC 491006980. Lord Killanin, Michael V. Duignan: The Shell Guide to Ireland. Zweite Auflage. Ebury Press, London 1967, OCLC 455966. Aubrey Gwynn, R. Neville Hadcock: Medieval Religious Houses Ireland. Longman, London 1970, ISBN 0-582-11229-X. Peter Harbison: Irish High Crosses with the figure sculptures explained. Boyne Valley Honey Company, Drogheda 1994, ISBN 0-9517823-7-1. Ann Buckley: Music in Ireland to c. 1500. Aus: Dáibhí Ó Cróinín (Hrsg.): Prehistoric and Early Ireland. (A New History of Ireland, 1). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2005, ISBN 0-19-821737-4, S. 744–808. Weblinks Bullaun I engl. und Bild Bullaun II engl. und Bild Anmerkungen
Ullard Church

Ullard Church is a medieval church and National Monument in County Kilkenny, Ireland. The stone church was built in the 12th century and altered during the 16th century. Similarly to several other castles and churches in southeast Ireland, a Gaelic handball alley was built around 1900 using one of the church walls. Location Ullard Church is located 700 m (2,300 ft) west of the River Barrow and 2.4 km (1.5 mi) south of Borris, County Carlow. History A monastery was supposedly founded on the site in the 7th century by either Saint Mo Ling or Saint Fiacre. A high cross was erected in the 9th century. The stone church was built in the 12th century and the interior was greatly altered during the 16th century, with changes to the Romanesque doorway, the chancel widened and a stairway built into the wall. Around 1900 a Gaelic handball alley was built, using the church wall for one of the alley walls. This happened at other sites in southeast Ireland; a high stone wall is needed for the game, and several old castles or churches were used for handball. Church Ullard Church is a small nave-and-chancel church built of local granite with a Romanesque doorway. It originally had three orders but the inner order has been completely rebuilt. There is a crypt below the altar. High cross The cross stands about 4 m (13 ft) tall. It has a closed ring, typical of Barrow Valley crosses. Depicted upon it is the Crucifixion of Jesus, Adam and Eve, David with harp and the Binding of Isaac. Nearby In the field to the north of the Church are two bullaun stones nestled beneath a few trees. Further to the north is St Fiacre's holy well. Local people going abroad would bring a bottle of water from the well with them for good luck. References Further reading O'Leary, John (1948). "Ullard". Old Kilkenny Review. Kilkenny: 20–25. read online Hughes, Edward (1970). "Ullard". Old Kilkenny Review. Kilkenny: 58–63.
Callan Motte

Callan Motte is a motte-and-bailey and National Monument in Callan, Ireland. Location Callan Motte is in the centre of Callan, north of the Kings River, west of Upper Bridge Street and east of the N76. The eastward facing base of the Motte is situated approximately 100m from the King's River and its floodplain. This floodplain extends along the western riverbank, interrupted only by a small series of riverside residences adjoining both sides of the bridge. As of January 2021, the immediate area is currently being developed to provide pedestrian and disabled access via a graduated tarmac walkway. This includes significant access improvements to the adjoining Moat Lane. This walkway was submerged by seasonal flooding in early December 2000 and is not expected to subside until at least April 2001, when the damage can be assessed. Due to ongoing COVID19 restrictions, an expected completion date is currently indeterminate. History and archaeology Motte-and-bailey castles were a primitive type of castle built after the Norman invasion, a mound of earth topped by a wooden palisade and tower. Callan Motte was built c. 1217 by Geoffrey FitzRobert, seneschal to William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke. In 1307 it was described as ‘a castle, in which there is a hall constructed of wood covered with wooden shingles, a stone chamber, a kitchen and other wooden chambers’. It was abandoned as a lordly residence in the 14th century. Local legend claims that cannons were placed on the Motte by Oliver Cromwell's soldiers during the 1650 Siege of Callan. Moat Carnivals The Motte known locally as 'The Moat', came to prominence again for several years between the late 1950s and 1963 when week-long Moat Carnivals were held on the Moat field and on the hill where the castle once stood. Marquees holding several hundred were erected and lengthy dancing sessions brought the hilltop to life. The annual highlight was the crowning of the 'Carnival Queen. Future legendary RTE radio personality Larry Gogan crowned the final 1963 Carnival Queen. These dances were extremely popular and to safely accommodate the increasing number of attendees were subsequently relocated to a very large Marquee on the Fairgreen which was erected for several months each year until the mid 1980s. Another annual highlight was the Street Leagues, which pitted teams representing Callan’s streets against each other in hurling or football games. Information Panels As part of the redevelopment of the Moat Field, information panels have been installed around the Moat field. These panels highlight the historical, social, and flora and fauna of the Moat Field. References
Grangefertagh

Grangefertagh is a former abbey located in County Kilkenny, Ireland. It is today a National Monument. Location Grangefertagh is located about 3.3 km (2.1 mi) north of Johnstown, County Kilkenny, near a crossing-point on the River Goul. History Grangefertagh was founded in the sixth century AD by Saint Ciarán of Saigir, and known as Fearta-Cáerach ("Sheep's Tomb"). In 861 Cerball mac Dúnlainge killed a host of Vikings at Fertagh, taking forty heads. A round tower was later built. In 1156 the high king Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn burned the tower with the lector inside. The monastery was reopened by the de Blancheville family for the Canons Regular of St Augustine in the early 13th century. In 1421 it was so destroyed and desolated that its religious could not 'remain therein, but must wander about and beg their daily bread' but in 1455 it was rebuilt by Thady Megirid/Magriyd, a canon of Inchmacnerin. The monastery was dissolved in 1541 but the church was in use until 1780 and now forms part of a Gaelic handball alley. Buildings Round tower The tower is 31 m (102 ft) tall. It has nine windows: six angle-headed and three lintelled. Four of the angle-headed windows are on the top storey facing the four cardinal directions. The tower is complete to the cornice but only part of the cap remains. The doorway faces northeast and is 3.3 m (11 ft) above the ground. Sometime before 1800, a local farmer removed some stones from the original doorcase because he believed that they had magical fire-resistant properties. The doorway as it appears now is a later repair job. Church There is an Augustinian monastery church (13th century) west of the tower. A side chapel contains a 16th century tomb said by Carrigan to be that of Seán Mac Giolla Phádraig, King of Osraige. The tomb has effigies of a man in armour and a woman, said to be Seán’s wife Nóirín Ní Mórdha. Carrigan claimed other members of the Mac Giolla Phádraig dynasty also rest there. The chest is decorated with tracery and lierne vaulting in relief. A 2020 article reviews various unusual aspects of the tomb that scholars, including Carrigan, have found make it an exception compared with other similar tombs built by Ormond sculptors. References External links Megalithic Ireland page on Grangefertagh The Fitzpatrick Clan Society The Fitzpatrick – Mac Giolla Phádraig Clan Society
Ballylarkin Church

Ballylarkin Church, also called Ballylarkin Abbey, is a medieval church and National Monument in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Location Ballylarkin Church is located beside the road, 2.3 km (1.4 mi) southwest of Freshford. History The region was controlled by the Ó Lorcáin until they were ousted by the Anglo-Norman Shorthalls (Schortal) in 1326. James Schortal and his wife Catherine White built the church, a small single-room structure, at Ballylarkin in 1350. A triple sedilia was later inserted into the south wall in the 14th century. A sheela-na-gig was originally at Ballylarkin but has been moved to the National Museum of Ireland – Archaeology. Church It is an undivided parish church (i.e. no division between nave and chancel) with some unusual features. The entrance is through a gate (added in 2025 by the OPW) and squeezer stile built into the original doorway at the West end of the North wall. The original doorway was chamfered, and run-out stops are still visible on the exterior. The East window tracery is missing and was either destroyed in a limekiln (according to Carrigan) or re-used in St Lachtain's Church (of Ireland) in Freshford (according to locals). At least three window fragments lie on the floor within the church, one having punch dressing. This was a Gothic window, and some of the voussoirs are still surviving in situ. A memorial stone (KK013-018005-) is built into the internal East window sill. It is not described by Carrigan in 1905, so must have been added after his publication. It commemorates the work done on the land and the buildings in 1551. There are two corbels in different designs on the internal East gable, maybe once holding statues. One of them has similarities to the odd corbel in the North wall and to the two external corbels in the Southeast and Northeast corner of the church. Externally, the East gable is quite steep, but walls have been built up on either side for the chemin de ronde or wall walk. There is a triple sedilia in the internal south wall. Beside the sedilia is a piscina with quatrefoil basin. There is an ambry beside the east window. Along the top of the north and south walls is a series of corbel-stones with tracery, one in the North wall not following that pattern. An ogee-headed window is built into the South wall; there is no window in the North wall. There are hanging eyes built into the South and North wall towards the East end of the church internally with chamfered edges and spear stops. Corbels at the West end of the internal South wall might have once carried a partial loft, but there are no corbels on the North side, so maybe it was held by timber uprights. In the internal North wall could have been a tomb niche. Part of a possible effigy is reused as a coping stone for the roof in the internal West gable, another one was/ is built into a gatepost nearby (KK013-018006-). It is believed that there was a tower house attached to the church on the West gable; one corbel once supporting the second floor survives externally in the West gable. Gallery References
Clonamery Church

Clonamery Church is a medieval church and National Monument in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Location Clonamery Church is located 3 km (1.9 mi) southeast of Inistioge, on the north bank of the River Nore. History St Broonahawn (pattern day 16 May) founded a monastery at Clonamery. The present church was built in the 9th or 10th century. The Romanesque chancel was added in the 12th century, while the out-building (sacristy) be 15th/16th century, and a bell-cote was added at the same time. Tradition states that the church continued in use until 1691, when Edward Fitzgerald of Cloone Castle died at the Battle of Aughrim. Church Clonamery is a nave-and-chancel church with a sacristy built of roughly dressed stones not laid in regular courses with a slight batter. There is a flat-headed west doorway with a cross pattée above the lintel and antae in the west gable. The bell-cote had room for two bells: a sanctus bell and a bell for calling the people to prayer. At the doorway a Maltese cross with lines in relief extends down both sides of the doorway. A pillar-stone of early date was found at Clonamery. It is made of greenish slate and bears three crosses and two cup marks. There are some cross slabs and a grave slab also. References
Coolhill Castle

Coolhill Castle (irisch Caisleán na Cúlchoille) ist ein Donjon 2,1 km nordöstlich des Dorfes The Rower (An Robhar) im irischen County Kilkenny. Er liegt auf einer Klippe über dem River Barrow. Er gilt als National Monument. Geschichte Coolhill Castle wurde ungefähr im 13. Jahrhundert erbaut. Henry de Rupe (auch de Roache oder de Roche) besaß 1318 Ländereien in Coolhill. Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach hielt die Burg kurze Zeit während einer seiner Raubzüge. In den 1600er-Jahren wurden etwa 30 De-Rupe-Gefolgsleute im Dorf Rosbercon von englischen Soldaten unter De la Poer massakriert. 1621 fiel die Burg an die Familie Mountgarret und wurde 1652 von den Roundheads konfisziert. Beschreibung Die Burg besteht aus zwei Türmen: Einer ist ein runder, ca. 10 Meter Durchmesser breiter, Donjon ohne Dach und der andere ein etwa 5 auf 5 Meter kleiner, quadratischer Turm auf dem Anwesen westsüdwestlich des erstgenannten. Der Donjon hat einen kleinen Vorsprung nach Süden. Der Eingang auf der Nordwestseite ist durch ein Maschikuli geschützt und es gibt einen weiteren Eingang östlich davon. Ein „Mörderloch“ schützt beide Eingänge. Eine Wendeltreppe in der Mauer führt zu den oberen Stockwerken. Der Raum im Erdgeschoss hat große Alkoven und eine Gewölbedecke mit einigen Weidenmarken. Über dem Gewölbe befinden sich weitere drei Stockwerke. Im 1. Obergeschoss gibt es einen offenen Kamin. Im 2. Obergeschoss findet man neben einem offenen Kamin auch einen Aborterker und eine gesonderte Treppe zum Dach. Es gibt mehrere einzelne runde oder kreuzförmige Schießscharten. Einzelnachweise
Coolhill Castle

Coolhill Castle is a keep (donjon) and National Monument located in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Location Coolhill Castle is located 2.1 km (1.3 mi) northeast of The Rower, on a cliff overlooking the Barrow. History Coolhill Castle was built c. the 13th century. Henry de Rupe (de Roache, Roche) held lands at Coolhill in 1318. Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach held the castle briefly during one of his campaigns. In the 1600s, about 30 de Rupe retainers were massacred at Rosbercon by English soldiers under De La Poer. The castle passed to the Mountgarret family in 1621 and was confiscated by the Roundheads in 1652. Building The castle consists of two towers: one, a circular keep, and the other, a square demesne tower located to the east. The keep has a small southerly projection. The north doorway is protected by a machicolation and there is another to the east. A murder-hole guards the double entrance. A mural helical stairway leads to the upper floors. The ground floor room has large alcoves. It has a vaulted ceiling with some wicker-marks. There are three storeys above the vault. There is a fireplace on the second floor. The third floor contains a fireplace, garderobe and separate stairs to the roof. There are single-light, round and cross-shaped loopholes. Further reading McCarthy, John (2008). "Two castles at Coolhill and Clogaralt, The Rower, in Co Kilkenny". Old Kilkenny Review: 16–33. Hughes, Edward W. "Coolhill Castle" (PDF). Old Kilkenny Review: 42–47. References