NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Boter Kothani Vav

Boter Kothani Vav, also known as Mehsana Vav or Interi Vav, is a stepwell located in Mehsana, Gujarat, India. It was completed in 1674 and was renovated in 2025. History The stepwell was constructed during the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. An inscription dated Samvat 1731 (1674 CE) in Persian and Devnagari scripts states that it was commissioned by Shah Gokaldas from Laghu Shakha of Shrimali caste, and his mother Manabai for public welfare. Gokaldas is a son of Virji who is a son of Vaka and grandson of Tejpal, as mentioned in the inscription. Repaired and renovated during the Gaekwad rule, it became neglected and polluted. It was cleaned by the Mehsana Municipality in 2013. It was cleaned again and its water was approved for use in gardens in 2020. In November 2025, the Mehsana Municipal Corporation started the renovation, upgradation and restoration of the stepwell and its surroundings at a cost of ₹2.66 crore (US$280,000). The site is spread over an area of 1,600 square metres (17,000 sq ft). A paved walkway, sitting arrangements of 40 people, a garden, lighting poles, a security cabin and an open air interpretation centre will be constructed in 700 square metres (7,500 sq ft) of it. Architecture It is located near Bhimnath Mahadev temple in Para area. It is constructed of bricks and sandstone. It is 14 to 15 metres (45 to 50 ft) long and eleven floors deep, and has unique twin wells. It is known as Boter Kothani Vav, literally the stepwell with 72 cells. Gallery See also Biladi Baug Rajmahal, Mehsana Para Lake Nagalpur Lake References
Rajmahal, Mehsana

Rajmahal is a palace in Mehsana, Gujarat, India. Built in 1904 by Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda State, it was used as the government office and later as the court until 2017. It has three floors and 130 rooms. History Gaekwads conquered Baroda and established Baroda State in 1721. They expanded their rule in north Gujarat and established Patan as its administrative headquarters. Later the headquarters was moved to Kadi and subsequently to Mehsana in 1902 when the city was connected by the Gaekwar's Baroda State Railway which was opened in 1887. As a public relief during the famine of 1899–1900, Sayajirao Gaekwad III built the palace, Rajmahal, on Ramosana Tekri in 1904 (Vikram Samvat 1956) at a cost of ₹443,532 (equivalent to ₹200 million or US$2.1 million in 2023). It was designed by the English architect Frederick William Stevens. Intended for his son, Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad, who died shortly afterwards in 1908, the palace was then handed over to the municipal authorities. In 1960, when Mehsana was made the district headquarters of Mehsana district, the palace was rented by the Government as the Collector's Office. Later it was used as the district court until 2017. The palace is unused since and the Gaekwad family is under process in the court to take over its possession. There is a proposal to convert it in a heritage hotel as well as a museum. Architecture The palace is spread over an area of 30,322.64 square feet (2,817.065 m2). It has three floors and 130 rooms in total; the ground floor with 70 rooms, the first floor with 55 rooms and the second floor with five rooms. The palace is crowned by one large onion-shaped dome, eight small onion-shaped domes and eight small pyramidal domes. There is a statue of Sayajirao Gaekwad III in the open square in front of the palace. See also Biladi Baug Boter Kothani Vav Dudhsagar Dairy plant Nagalpur Lake Para Lake References
Mormugão fort

The Mormugão fort was located on the southern tip of the mouth of the Zuari river in Mormugao in the state of Goa on the west coast of India. History This fortification was built on the order of the Viceroy of the Portuguese State of India, Dom Francisco da Gama, Fourth Count of Vidigueira, during his second government, for the defense of South Goa bar, which was then capital of the state of India (Estado da Índia). His works began in 1624, according to ancient epigraphic inscriptions. In that century, due to the continuous plagues and attacks that racked the old city of Goa, the Viceroys considered the transfer the capital of Portuguese India (Índia Portuguesa) to Mormugao, for what purpose some buildings were erected. The high project costs led to its abandonment though. The area was lost in 1737, during the invasion of the Marathas. In the nineteenth century, Nova Goa (or Panjim, as it is currently known) became the new capital. Presently, the old fort is severely ruined. Characteristics The fort had a rectangular plan, with dimensions of 330 by 88 meters, with the vertices balurtes (pentagonal at the land side and quadrangular on the sea-side). Inside stood the service buildings. A "V" curtain with a circular tower at the angle, defended the fort's access to the harbor. Bibliography AZEVEDO, Carlos de. A Arte de Goa, Damão e Diu. Lisboa: Comissão Executiva do V Centenário do Nascimento de Vasco da Gama (1469-1969), 1970. plantas, fotos p/b. See also Império português References
Fortaleza de Mormugão

A Fortaleza de Mormugão localizava-se na ponta sul da foz do rio Zuari, em Mormugão, no estado de Goa, na costa oeste da Índia. História Esta fortificação foi erguida por determinação do Vice-rei do Estado Português da Índia, D. Francisco da Gama, 4.° conde da Vidigueira, em seu segundo governo, para defesa da barra sul de Goa, então capital do Estado da Índia. As suas obras iniciaram-se em 1624, conforme a antiga inscrição epigráfica. Nesse século, devido às contínuas pestes e ataques que flagelavam Goa, os Vice-reis cogitaram transferir a capital da Índia Portuguesa para Mormugão, para o que foram erguidos alguns edifícios. Os elevados custos do projeto levaram ao seu abandono. A praça foi perdida em 1737, quando da invasão dos Maratas. No século XIX, Nova Goa (atual Panjim) transformou-se na nova capital. Em nossos dias, o antigo forte encontra-se severamente arruinado. Características Apresentava planta retangular, com as dimensões de 330 por 88 metros, com balurtes nos vértices (pentagonais pelo lado de terra e quadrangulares pelo lado do mar). Em seu interior erguiam-se as edificações de serviço. Uma cortina em "V", com uma torre circular no ângulo, defendia o seu acesso ao ancoradouro. Bibliografia AZEVEDO, Carlos de. A Arte de Goa, Damão e Diu. Lisboa: Comissão Executiva do V Centenário do Nascimento de Vasco da Gama (1469-1969), 1970. plantas, fotos p/b. Ver também Império português
Fortaleza dos Reis Magos de Goa

A Fortaleza dos Reis Magos de Goa, também referida como Fortaleza de Bardez, localiza-se na localidade homónima, na taluka (concelho) de Bardez, distrito de Goa Norte, estado de Goa, na costa oeste da Índia. Goa foi conquistada pelo segundo vice-rei do Estado Português da Índia, D. Afonso de Albuquerque, durante a sua segunda ofensiva, em 25 de Novembro de 1510. Foi por ele escolhida para sediar a capital do Vice-reino da Índia, devido à excelência da sua posição, facilmente defensável quer pelo lado de terra e quer lado do mar. Para esse fim, iniciou uma primeira fortificação - o chamado "Forte Velho de Goa", cujas obras são atribuídas ao Mestre de Pedraria Tomás Fernandes. A ela sucederam-se a Fortaleza dos Reis Magos e diversas linhas de defesa abaluartadas. Nas décadas seguintes a cidade passou a ser defendida por uma muralha e por um conjunto de fortificações, articuladas entre si, onde se destacavam a Fortaleza da Aguada, o Forte de Nossa Senhora do Cabo e o Forte de Pangim. História A fortaleza foi originalmente um posto militar mandado construir em 1493 por Adil Xá (Hidalcão nas crónicas portuguesas), sultão de Bijapur. Depois de Bardez ter sido conquistado pelos portugueses em 1541, estes construíram a fortaleza , juntamente com a igreja, durante o governo do vice-rei D. Afonso de Noronha (r. 1551–1554). Sofreu um ataque em 1570. A couraça pelo lado do rio, é posterior, erguida por determinação do vice-rei Manuel de Souza Coutinho (r. 1588–1591). Deteriorado pelo tempo e pelos elementos, foi inteiramente reconstruída a partir de 1703, conseguindo resistir com sucesso ao ataque dos Maratas, em 1739. Na sua defesa tomaram parte ativa os franciscanos, tendo diversos deles perecido em combate. A partir de 1900, quando já tinha perdido o seu papel defensivo, foi usado como prisão, até ser abandonado em 1993. A partir daí começou a ficar arruinado, apesar de ter estar legalmente sob proteção do governo de Goa desde 1983. Em 2008 foram iniciadas obras de restauro, financiadas pelo governo de Goa, pelo fundo sediado no Reino Unido Helen Hamlyn Trus e pelo Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH), uma organização não governamental que se dedica ao restauro de monumentos. A fortaleza é atualmente um centro cultural e uma atração turística. Características A fortaleza é adjacente ao Colégio dos Reis Magos, fundado em 1555 pelos franciscanos, que a partir dessa instituição irradiaram o seu trabalho missionário na provícia de Bardez. Possui uma escadaria íngreme, murada de ambos os lados, que a comunica com o cais. Tem também a sua fonte de água. Notas Bibliografia AZEVEDO, Carlos de. A Arte de Goa, Damão e Diu. Lisboa: Comissão Executiva do V Centenário do Nascimento de Vasco da Gama (1469-1969), 1970. plantas, fotos p/b.
Alorna Fort

Fort Santa Cruz de Alorna also known as Halarn Fort or Alorna Fort, is one of the oldest forts in Goa. It is situated 30 kilometers from the town of Mapusa. It was constructed by the Bhonsles of Sawantwadi in the 17th century, to defend against the Maratha attacks. As of 2010, the fort was in poor condition, and plans to restore it were under consideration. References
Forte de Alorna

O Forte de Alorna localiza-se em Alorna, no concelho de Perném, distrito de Goa Norte, no extremo noroeste do estado de Goa, na costa oeste da Índia. História Este forte foi originalmente erguido pelos indianos na margem direita do rio Chaporá, em um trecho navegável do rio, rodeado por montanhas. Foi conquistado para as armas portuguesas pelo 44.º vice-rei do Estado Português da Índia, D. Pedro Miguel de Almeida Portugal e Vasconcelos, marquês de Castelo Novo, em 5 de maio de 1746, que em memória do feito foi recompensado com o título de marquês de Alorna. Foi restituído aos Bhounsolés em 1761 por ordens do governo. Estes, pouco tempo, entretanto, com o apoio dos Ranes de Sattary, revoltaram-se, ameaçando as possessões portuguesas do norte de Goa. Em função dessa ameaça, a posição foi reconquistada em 25 de agosto de 1781, por forças sob o comando do Vice-rei D. Frederico Guilherme de Sousa. Embora esteja protegido pelo governo de Goa, Damão e Diu como património histórico desde 1983, encontra-se actualmente em precárias condições, recoberto pela vegetação. Os habitantes mais antigos de Alorna recordam que, diante do avanço das tropas indianas em 1961, a guarnição portuguesa afundou as peças de artilharia e todos os objetos de valor nas águas do rio. Características O forte apresenta planta pentagonal irregular com quatro baluartes. Externamente, um largo fosso podia ser facilmente inundado pelas águas do rio. Encontrava-se artilhado com quatro peças de ferro, uma em cada baluarte. Em seu interior erguem-se uma pequena edificação de serviço e uma capela. O portão de acesso rasga-se na muralha a sul, atualmente fechado por um portão metálico. Ver também Império português
Rachol Fort

The Rachol Fort is a historical Portuguese era fort located in the village of Rachol, Salcette concelho, in the state of Goa on the west coast of India. History It was originally erected by the Sultanate of Bijapur, then ruled by Ismail Adil Shah, to defend the left bank of the Zuari river. Conquered in AD 1520 by Krishnadevaraya, the emperor of the Vijayanagara Kingdom; he handed over this fort in the same year to the Portuguese Empire in exchange for protection of southern India against the northern India Mughal Empire. Occupied by Portuguese forces, it was renovated and rebuilt, and two bastions were added in AD 1604. Between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries it had a hundred pieces of artillery, a significant number for those times. After the siege that was imposed by the Maratha Empire leader Sambhaji in AD 1684, it was remodeled as decided by the Viceroy of Portuguese India, Dom Francisco de Tavora, 1st Count of Alvor, as epigraphic inscription, which reads: THE COUNT OF ALVOR, VICEROY OF INDIA, ORDERED THIS FORTRESS'S RENOVATION AFTER DEFENDING THE SIEGE OF SAMBHAJI ON 22 APRIL 1684. It underwent a new reform campaign in AD 1745, on the order of Pedro Miguel de Almeida Portugal e Vasconcelos, the first Marquis of Alorna. The fort's cannons were later sent to other forts and abandoned as a military post. This fort is currently severely ruined, but one can still see the old gate of arms surmounted by the coat of arms of the Portuguese monarchy, and some sections of the walls and the moat. Its gate has been a monument protected by the government of Goa, Daman and Diu since 1983. References
Forte de Rachol

O forte de Rachol foi conquistada em 1520 pelo Krishnarav, imperador do reino de 'Vijayanagara', ao sultanato de Bijapur então sob comando de Ismail Adil Shah. Cedeu-o no mesmo ano aos portugueses em troca de protecção contra os muçulmanos do norte. História Foi originalmente erguido pelo sultanato de Bijapur, então governado por Ismail Adil Shah, para defesa da margem esquerda do rio Zuari. Conquistado em 1520 pelo Krishnarav, imperador do reino de Vijayanagara, este cedeu-o no mesmo ano aos portugueses em troca de protecção contra os muçulmanos do norte. Ocupado por forças portuguesas, foi por estes reformado, sendo-lhe acrescentados dois baluartes em 1604. Entre os séculos XVI e XVII encontrava-se artilhado por uma centena de peças, quantidade expressiva à época. Após o cerco que lhe foi imposto pelo líder Marata Sambaji em 1684, foi reformado por determinação do Vice-rei do Estado Português da Índia, D. Francisco de Távora, 1° conde de Alvor, conforme inscrição epigráfica, que reza: "SENDO O CONDE DE ALVOR VICE-REI DA INDIA MANDOU REFORMAR ESTA FORTALEZA DEPOIS DE SE DEFENDER DO CERCO DE SAMBAGY, EM 22 DE ABRIL DE 1684." Sofreu nova campanha de reforma em 1745, por determinação de Pedro Miguel de Almeida Portugal e Vasconcelos, 1° marquês de Alorna. Atualmente encontra-se severamente arruinado, mas ainda podem ser observados o antigo portão de armas encimado pelo brasão de armas da monarquia portuguesa, e alguns trechos das muralhas e do fosso. O seu portão encontra-se atualmente protegido pelo governo de Goa, Damão e Diu desde 1983. Ver também Império português
GMC Athletic Stadium

The GMC Athletic Stadium in Bambolim is the first integrated athletic complex in Goa. It has been constructed according to the IAAF specifications and norms and has hosted the athletic events of 2014 Lusofonia Games. The field has been used as the training ground for the FC Goa developmental squad. It was chosen as one of the three venues to host the 2020–21 of the Indian Super League. History GMC Stadium was opened in 2014 on the occasion of the 2014 Lusofonia Games, a multi-sport event held between athletes from Portuguese-speaking countries and territories. The stadium has been used as an athletic complex by the Sports Authority of Goa, as well as an association football venue for the Goa Professional League matches. The stadium has also hosted the U-18 Y-League, U-15 Y-League, U-13 Y-League, Santosh Trophy and I-League games previously. Indian Super League The stadium was the official home ground of Kerala Blasters FC, Mumbai City FC, Chennaiyin FC and Odisha FC for the 2020–21 Indian Super League season due to the COVID-19 outbreak in the country. The entire season was played in selected venues in close proximity to minimise any chance of outbreak in the bio-bubble. See also Fatorda Stadium Tilak Maidan Stadium Duler Stadium References
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot

All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot (AIIMS Rajkot) is a public medical school and hospital based in Rajkot, Gujarat, India, and one of the All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMSs). The first academic session of AIIMS Rajkot began on 21 December 2020. On 31 December 2020 Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of the institute. Academics Union Health and Family Welfare Minister Harsh Vardhan virtually inaugurated the first academic batch of MBBS students 21 December 2020 for the 2020-21 batch. The institute became operational with the first batch of 50 MBBS students, one of the four AIIMSs to become operational in academic year 2020–21. In 2021 the institute functioned from a temporary campus at Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Medical College with AIIMS Jodhpur mentoring it. References
Shivrajpur beach

Shivrajpur beach, near Shivrajpur village, is located in the Devbhumi Dwarka district of Gujarat, India. It is a white-sand beach with azure, clear water. The water is shallow. It was awarded the Blue Flag beach certification in October 2020 by the Foundation for Environment Education, a Denmark-based voluntary organization. Shivrajpur village was formed by the Baroda State during the early 19th century. It is believed that the ruler of Kachchh or Katuch, Maharao Deshalji, constructed a small fort with an 11-meter-high black masonry unlit beacon. The purpose of the fort was to provide safety and shelter to the Kachchhi vessels. Facilities like emergency repairs for boats, rations and drinking water were also provided. There is a lighthouse near the beach named Kacchighadh Lighthouse. A battery-operated flashing light was placed at the top of the cabin in 1977, which was the first light in the region. The earthquake on 26 January 2001 left the lighthouse damaged, but it was restored immediately. Tourism After the beach was given the Blue Flag award, the Government of Gujarat has decided to spend ₹1 billion (US$10 million) to develop Shivrajpur beach in two phases. In January 2021, Gujarat Chief Minister Late. Vijay Rupani laid the foundation stone and the ceremony for tourist-centric projects. In the first phase, a bicycle track, pathway, parking area, drinking water facility, toilet blocks, arrival plaza and tourist facility center were to be developed at the cost of ₹200 million. Under the second phase, further facilities will be added to make it an "international level" beach. Vijay Rupani said, "Shivrajpur beach will have better facilities than Goa". In July 2022, CM Bhupendrabhai Patel visited the beach to review the facilities, and Milind Soman visited the beach. The Gujarat government also wants to develop a caravan park near the beach. Activities The beach is accessible by airplane, train and road. Places of interest near Shivrajpur beach include Dwarkadhish Temple, Bet Dwarka, Nageshvara Jyotirlinga, and the Rukmini Devi Temple. See also Sudarshan Setu Hanuman Dandi temple Dwarkadhish Temple Rukmini Devi Temple References
Гуджарат

Гуджарат (на гуджарати: ગુજરાત; на хинди: गुजरात; на английски: Gujarat) е щат в западната част на Индия с площ от 196 024 km² и население 50 671 017 души (2001). Столица на щата е град Гандинагар, а най-големия град е Ахмедабад. История География По данни от 2009 г. само 7,46% от територията на щата е покрита с гори. Най-големите горски масиви са съсредоточени в окръг Данг. Въпреки това, в щата има четири национални парка, един от които, Националният парк Гир, е последното място на обитаване на азиатския лъв. Другите национални паркове са Вансда, Велавадар и Rann of Kutch – голямо сезонно солено блато в северозападната част на Гуджарат. Има също няколко резервата. Административно деление Щатът се поделя на 26 окръга. Области Население Населението на щата през 2001 година е 50 671 017 души, а средната гъстота на населението 258 души/km². Официален език на щата е гуджарати. Около 89,1 % от населението изповядва индуизъм, а 9,1 % – ислям. Икономика Вижте също Култура на Гуджарат Галерия Външни препратки Официален сайт Официален сайт на правителството Архив на оригинала от 2018-10-01 в Wayback Machine. Карта на щата
Gujarat

Der er for få eller ingen kildehenvisninger i denne artikel, hvilket er et problem. Du kan hjælpe ved at angive troværdige kilder til de påstande, som fremføres i artiklen. Gujarat er en delstat i Indien. Det er den mest industrialiserede delstat efter Maharashtra. Gujarat ligger i det vestlige Indien ved grænsen til Pakistan. Den største by er Ahmedabad, og hovedstaden er Gandhinagar. Før Indiens uafhængihed var området fuld af små fyrstedømmer; deriblandt Junagadh, Kutch, og Porbandar hvor Gandhi blev født. Delstatens næststørste by Surat, var en vigtig handelsplads ca. år 1600-1800. Både Ahmedabad og Surat er blandt Verdens 80 største byer Eksterne henvisninger
Gudžerat

Gudžerat ili Gudžarat (gudžeratski: गुजरातराज्यम्, engleski: Gujarat), indijska je savezna država na zapadu zemlje. Gujarat graniči s Pakistanom na sjeverozapadu, sa saveznom državom Radžastanom na sjeveru i sjeveroistoku, Madhya Pradesh na istoku, Maharashtra i saveznim teritorijem Daman i Diu i Dadra i Nagar Haveli na jugu. Na zapadu savezne države Gudžarat nalazi se Arapsko more. Država ima 56,793.000 stanovnika (2008.) i prostire se na 196.077 km2. Glavni je grad države Gandhinagar a službeni jezik države je gudžaratski. Zanimljivosti Hrvatska književnica Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić napisala je knjigu naslova Jaša Dalmatin, potkralj Gudžerata. Izvori
Gudźarat

Gudźarat (hindi गुजरात, trb.: Gudżarat, trl.: Gujarāt; gudżarati ગુજરાત; ang. Gujarat) – drugi po stanie Maharasztra najbardziej uprzemysłowiony stan w Indiach. Leży w północno-zachodniej części kraju. Jego stolicą jest Gandhinagar, zaś największym miastem – Ahmadabad. W 2011 był to 10. stan Indii pod względem liczby ludności; utrzymał pozycję względem 2001. Językiem urzędowym stanu jest język gudźarati. Większość mieszkańców to hinduiści, inne ważne religie to: buddyzm, islam, dżinizm, zaratusztrianizm i chrześcijaństwo. Na początku XXI w. doszło konfliktów o podłożu religijnym, w których zginęło około 2000 osób (głównie muzułmanów). Z Gudźaratu pochodziło dwóch spośród przywódców ruchu niepodległościowego Indii: Mahatma Gandhi i Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel. Podział administracyjny Stan Gudżarat dzieli się na następujące dystrykty: Turystyka Miejsca o znaczeniu turystycznym: Palitana; Dwarka; Kaććh; Dżamnagar; Dźunagadh; Rajkot. W rezerwacie w Gudżaracie żyją ostatnie okazy lwa azjatyckiego, a w rezerwacie na solnisku Mały Rann rosnąca populacja kułana indyjskiego. Przypisy Linki zewnętrzne Oficjalna strona internetowa władz stanu Gudźarat