Wells-next-the-Sea Lifeboat Station

Wells-next-the-Sea Lifeboat Station is located at the end of Beach Road, about 1 mi (1.6 km) north of the town of Wells-next-the-Sea, on the north coast of the English county of Norfolk. A lifeboat station was first established at Wells-next-the-Sea by the Norfolk Shipwreck Association (NSA) in 1830, but closed in 1851. The station was re-established by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1869. The station currently operates the All-weather Shannon-class lifeboat, 13-46 Duke of Edinburgh (Civil Service No.53) (ON 1161), on station since 2023, and the smaller D-class (IB1) Inshore lifeboat, Peter Wilcox (D-797), on station since 2016. The newly constructed boathouse (2022) is located at the beach on the western side of Wells Harbour mouth. History 1800s: earliest rescue services Early sea rescues in Wells were performed by private citizens who often attempted to use their rescue efforts to claim salvage rights to the rescued vessel for their own profit. The first organised rescue service at Wells was run by the Norfolk Shipwreck Association (NSA) and began in 1830, when an existing unnamed lifeboat was sent to Wells from Cromer Lifeboat Station. Wells (NSA) lifeboat station was in operation until 1851. With dwindling finances, and lifeboats in a declining state of repair, a meeting of the NSA on 21 November 1857 decided that the existing operations be transferred to the management of the RNLI, which was formally agreed at a meeting of the RNLI committee of management on Thursday 3 December 1857. By the 1860s, maritime incidents off the shores of North Norfolk were rising. In 1868 the residents of Wells partnered with the RNLI to re-establish a lifeboat service in the town. A boathouse was constructed on the Wells quay to accommodate a self-righting RNLI lifeboat, the RNLB Eliza Adams. The station officially opened in 1869 and was used until 1895, when the station was relocated to be closer to the open sea. The old boathouse at the harbour is still standing; a Grade II listed building, it is used jointly as the Harbour Masters Office and a maritime museum. 1880s: Wells lifeboat disaster and Emma rescue On 29 October 1880, the 171-ton brig Ocean Queen was caught in a gale and sought shelter at Wells-next-the-Sea. At 1:00 pm, the Eliza Adams launched to the aid of another brig, the Sharon Rose, which had run ashore on the beach at nearby Holkham. Seven sailors were rescued and the lifeboat returned to Wells, where it discovered the Ocean Queen close to the harbour entrance, flying a distress flag. After a partial crew change, the Eliza Adams returned to sea to assist the Ocean Queen, which had been driven ashore nearby. The lifeboat was unable to assist and returned to port, but was swamped by a large wave and capsized; 11 of the lifeboat's 13 crewmen drowned. The crew of the Ocean Queen remained aboard their vessel, and were able to walk ashore once the storm had abated and the tide receded. On 4 October 1883, a gale blew the schooner Emma of Jersey onto the East Bar near Wells, stranding her. Wells lifeboat RNLB Charlotte Nicholls was launched to assist. The Emma was heavily damaged, so the Charlotte Nicholls took her five crewmen back to Wells. 1890s: new location By the 1890s, it had become evident that the location of the 1869 boathouse was problematic. At low water the lifeboat could not get out into the open sea and was overly reliant on the tide. In 1893, the lifeboat RNLB Baltic (ON 198) was launched for three rescues, but arrived too late to provide actual assistance at any of them. Construction began on a new station 1.2 miles (1.9 km) north of the existing station in 1894 and was completed in October 1895. The Baltic (ON 198) was replaced by a vessel bearing the same name, the RNLB Baltic (ON 375). 1930s–1970s: motor and inshore lifeboats Although motor lifeboats had been available since at least 1911, Wells was not provided with one until 1936 because of the need for an appropriate boat launch. The station received a Surf-class lifeboat, the RNLB Royal Silver Jubilee (ON 780), which had been designed by James Barnett and was light enough for the beach launch required at Wells. She was also the first Surf-class to be propelled by a basic water jet system, which was ideal for the shallow water at Wells. On 5 January 1946, seven men stole a lorry, and drove to the lifeboat house. There, they forced a window, and attempted to start the boat's engines. Their efforts failed, but they had already been spotted, and were arrested on returning to the lorry. They turned out to be German prisoners of war, who had been working clearing coastal defences, and had seen the lifeboat launch earlier on exercise. By the mid-1960s, the North Norfolk coast had seen an increased use of marine incidents resulting from pleasure boating and beachgoing. A D-class (RFD PB16) Inshore lifeboat (D-11) was placed at Wells in 1963. Over 18 and 19 May 1963, the cabin cruiser Seamu had run aground at low tide at the entrance to Blakeney harbour. The Cecil Paine was launched to assist, arriving on scene at 10:50 pm. Seas were rough and winds were high. The coxswain made several attempts to approach, but sandbanks and high winds made it difficult. After four attempts, the two crewmen of the Seamu were finally taken aboard the Cecil Paine to safety. The coxswain was awarded an RNLI Bronze Medal. Until 1976, the inshore service was provided by a series of unnamed D-class (RFD PB16) lifeboats. The first inshore boat at Wells to have a name was RNLB Spirit of Rotary (D-246), which was on the station from 1976 until 1987. In January 1978 a severe storm destroyed the IRB house and damaged the doors to the main boathall. A new IRB house was built onto the side of the main station. On the morning of 15 February 1979, gale force nine to ten winds were blowing blizzard conditions across the North Sea. The Merchant Vessel Savinesti of Romania had broken down; dragging her anchor, she was in imminent danger of running aground 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Spurn Point. Wells lifeboat Ernest Tom Neathercoat was launched to service that morning, but struggled to make headway through temperatures well below freezing and rough seas which eventually knocked out her radar, MF radio and echo-sounding systems. She eventually arrived and stood by the Savinesti for two hours until the arrival of the Arun-class lifeboat RNLB City of Bradford IV (ON 1052) out of Humber Lifeboat Station, which was to take over the service. By this point, the winds had increased to hurricane force 12, waves were up to 40 feet high, and it was still snowing heavily. At this time the Wells lifeboat was released from the service and sent back to Wells, arriving between 6:00 and 7:00 pm after approximately 11 hours at sea. The coxswain was awarded an RNLI Silver Medal. 1980s–1990s: Station improvements and Mersey-class The 1895 beach road station was improved and renovated on several occasions, but the bulk of the structure had remained original. The crew facilities were expanded with an additional level in 1983, and a boathouse extension was added in 1986 to house the inshore lifeboat. In 1990 the station was allocated a new Mersey-class lifeboat, the 12-003 Doris M. Mann of Ampthill (ON 1161), prompting significant alterations to the boathouse in order to accommodate it. The house had to be almost completely re-built whilst retaining the historic integrity of the 1895 structure. In the mid 1990s work was also carried out to combat coastal erosion on the sandy headland where the boat house is located. This was achieved by re-using greenheart timbers re-claimed after the demolition of the Eastbourne slipway. Extra new groynes were also installed to retain the beach in front of the station, vital for the continued beach launching of the lifeboats. 2020s: New Boathouse and Shannon-class A new bigger boathouse was required to house the soon to arrive new Shannon-class lifeboat for Wells-next-the Sea, to be built to the west of the existing boathouse, parts of which are more than 125 years old. Work on the construction of the new boathouse started in September 2020, and was completed in October 2022. Demolition of the 1895 boathouse soon followed in November 2022. Part funded by a successful local campaign in 2014–2015 and part by the Civil Service charity The Lifeboat Fund, Shannon-class 13-46 Duke of Edinburgh (Civil Service No.53) (ON 1353) arrived at Wells-next-the-Sea in October 2022, replacing Doris M. Mann of Ampthill (ON 1161) in early 2023. Station honours The following are awards made at Wells-next-the-Sea: RNLI Silver Medal David James Cox, Coxswain – 1979 RNLI Bronze Medal Francis Robert Taylor, , Second Coxswain – 1963 David James Cox, Coxswain – 1982 The Thanks of the Institution inscribed on Vellum T. Neilsen, Coxswain – 1942 William Cox, Coxswain – 1955 David J. Cox, Coxswain – 1964 Albert Court, Motor Mechanic – 1971 David J. Cox, Coxswain – 1973 Allen Frary, Coxswain – 2001 Robert Smith, Second Coxswain – 2001 A Framed Letter of Thanks signed by the Chairman of the Institution The Coxswain and Crew – 1966 David J. Cox , Coxswain – 1983 Graham Walker, Coxswain/Mechanic – 1992 James Case, crew member – 1992 Graham Walker, Coxswain/Mechanic – 1993 Allen Frary, Second Coxswain – 1993 All the all-weather lifeboat crew and shore helpers – 1996 Allen Frary, Coxswain/Mechanic – 2003 British Empire Medal David James Cox – 1981QBH Member, Order of the British Empire (MBE) Philip Eaglen – 2021NYH Sheila Joyce Warner, Vice Chair, Wells Lifeboat Guild – 2025NYH Roll of honour In memory of those lost whilst serving Wells-next-the-Sea lifeboat: Lost when the lifeboat Eliza Adams capsized on service to the brig Ocean Queen, 29 October 1880. Wells-next-the-Sea lifeboats Norfolk Shipwreck Association lifeboat RNLI lifeboats Pulling and Sailing (P&S) lifeboats Pre ON numbers are unofficial numbers used by the Lifeboat Enthusiasts' Society to reference early lifeboats not included on the official RNLI list. Motor lifeboats Inshore lifeboats Launch and recovery tractors Gallery See also List of RNLI stations List of former RNLI stations Royal National Lifeboat Institution lifeboats Notes References