NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Scraesdon Fort

Scraesdon Fort ist eine ehemalige Festung in der Grafschaft Cornwall in Großbritannien. Das als Kulturdenkmal der Kategorie Grade II und als Scheduled Monument geschützte ehemalige Fort liegt etwa 400 m westlich des Dorfes Antony auf der Halbinsel Rame auf einer bis zu 77 m hohen Anhöhe über dem Lynher River. Geschichte Das Fort wurde 1859 auf Grund der Empfehlungen der Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom als Teil des neuen Fortgürtels um Plymouth entworfen und von 1860 bis 1865 errichtet. Als Teil der Western Defences sollte es zusammen mit Polhawn Fort und Tregantle Fort feindliche Landungen auf der Halbinsel Rame verhindern, von wo die Marinebasis Devonport über den Hamoaze hinweg hätte beschossen werden können. Das Fort wurde nie in Kampfhandlungen verwickelt und galt wegen der Fortentwicklung der Artillerie schon bald als veraltet. Als ursprüngliche Bewaffnung waren 27 Geschütze vorgesehen, die jedoch nie vollständig installiert wurden. 1893 bestand die Bewaffnung neben einigen anderen Geschützen aus 8 7-Inch-RBL-Geschützen, die zu diesem Zeitpunkt bereits veraltet waren. Als Ersatz für das veraltete Fort der Western Defences wurden in den 1880er Jahren die Whitesand Bay Battery und die Tregantle Down High Angle Battery errichtet. Mit dem Bau der neuen Küstenartilleriestellungen wurde auch eine Militäreisenbahn vom Walker Quay am Lynher River über Scraesdon Fort zur etwa 2 km südlich gelegenen Tregantle Down High Angle Battery gebaut, auf der die schweren Geschütze transportiert wurden. Die Bahnlinie wurde 1893 fertiggestellt, doch bereits zehn Jahre später wurden die schweren Geschütze wieder deinstalliert und die Bahnlinie wurde stillgelegt und schließlich demontiert. Scraesdon Fort wurde lange Zeit als Kaserne genutzt, anschließend stand es leer und verfiel. Der nördliche, untere Teil der Festung sowie die Wälle und Graben sind teilweise stark von Sträuchern überwuchert. Ab 1940 diente das Fort als Übungsgelände für die Ausbildungsstätten HMS Raleigh und HMS Fisgard in Torpoint, derzeit dient es gelegentlich als Übungsgelände für Einheiten der Royal Marines und kann nicht besichtigt werden. Anlage Die Festung bildet ein unregelmäßiges Fünfeck, das von einem bis zu 24 m breiten, teils mit Wasser gefüllten Graben umgeben ist. Der Graben konnte mit vier halben und einem vollen Kaponniere verteidigt werden. Wegen der Lage am Hang besteht die Festung aus einem oberen Teil und einem tiefer gelegenen, nur noch 53 m über dem Fluss liegenden nördlichen Teil. Die beiden Abschnitte sind durch eine von Ost nach West verlaufende, mit Kasematten versehene Quermauer getrennt, die unterschiedlichen Ebenen der Anlage sind durch zahlreiche Treppen und Galerien miteinander verbunden. Die Außenmauern bestehen aus grobem Kalkstein, die einen bis zu 200 m breiten Innenhof umschließen. Auf der Hofseite befinden sich die zweigeschossigen, aus Ziegeln erbauten Magazine und Kasernen. Das Haupttor liegt an der südöstlichen Außenmauer. Weblinks Scraesdon Fort. Historic England, abgerufen am 3. Mai 2026 (englisch). Victorian Forts: Fort Scraesdon (PDF, 223,7 kB) Plymouth Western Defences Einzelnachweise
Scraesdon Fort

Scraesdon Fort, near the village of Antony, is one of several forts in South East Cornwall which formed part of the ring of forts surrounding Plymouth to protect Plymouth Sound and, in particular, the naval dockyard of Devonport from enemy naval attack. They were built as a result of a decision in Lord Palmerston's premiership to deter the French from attacking naval bases in the south of England. Scraesdon Fort was designed in 1859 by Captain (later Maj General) William Crossman, and was built by F Roach and Company, Plymouth. It was completed at a cost of £137,000. It is constructed in the Land Front, polygonal, near octagonal format. It has a dry ditch, and was designed to have twenty-seven 7-inch breech-loading guns on the ramparts. By 1893 it mounted one 64 Pounder Rifled Muzzle Loading Guns, eight 7-inch Rifled Breech Loading (RBL) gun, two 32 Pounder Smooth Bore Breech Loading (SBBL) guns and two 5-inch Breech Loading guns. The upper level is 254 ft above mean sea level (AMSL) and the lower level is 173 feet AMSL. The fort was used by the MOD as a training barracks, but it is currently empty, derelict and overgrown. It was used to train Royal Navy Artificer Apprentices from HMS Fisgard and HMS Raleigh; it is occasionally used now by Royal Marine Commandos recruits as part of their final exercise, as well as being used by local Army Reserve units. The most renowned history of the fort, is that of the Scraesdonians. These are two brothers who know the fort better than any map, or man. Legend has it, they have never been seen, nor caught whilst in the fort grounds. Their names will be etched in the history of the walls of Scraesdon for eternity. The fort is also used for airsoft events on an ad hoc basis. It was Grade II listed in 1968. A military railway, used from 1893 to 1903, connected the fort with the River Lynher at Wacker Quay, near St. Germans. It also provided a link to the main fort on the Rame peninsula at Fort Tregantle. The railway ran underneath the metal bridge and down a gradient, then went underneath the current A374 road, and alongside Wacker Quay. The locomotive shed was extant on the quayside until the late 2000s, when it was removed by Cornwall CC, who had been using it as a highways depot. and other remnants of the railway can also be seen. There was also an extensive marshalling area next to the east wall of the fort. References Bibliography Hogg, Ian V (1974). Coast Defences of England and Wales 1856-1956. David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153 6353-0. Woodward, Freddy (1996). The Historic Defences of Plymouth. Cornwall County Council. ISBN 978-1898166467. External links Palmerston Forts Society Map sources for Scraesdon Fort Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1140707)". National Heritage List for England.
Net Loft

The Net Loft is a historic Grade II listed building located atop Peak Rock at the mouth of Polperro Harbour in Cornwall, England. Originally serving as a storage facility for fishing nets and sails, it occupies what is believed to have been the site of Polperro’s 19th‑century chapel, built for local fishermen. History Local tradition holds that in the early 19th century, a chapel dedicated to St Peter, originally situated above the harbour, was relocated to Peak Rock. The lower floor was used for boat‑building activities, and the upper floor to store sails and nets, hence becoming known as the "Net Loft". The building’s design reflected its purpose: storage for seine nets, with a roller on the outer wall for loading nets onto boats. Its upper fireplace suggests temporary overnight stays by fishermen. Following the decline of pilchard fishing in the late 19th century, the Net Loft fell into disuse. In 2015–16, the National Trust restored the building to preserve its heritage. Architecture The building is modest and functional, constructed of local stone and typical of harbour‑side vernacular architecture. It features a simple rectangular shape with upper‑floor access, large wooden doors facing the harbour, and minimal ornamentation. Its prominent position on a rocky outcrop makes it a distinctive element of the Polperro coastline. The Net Loft was listed Grade II* for its "special architectural or historic interest" on 26 March 1986. Location and access The Net Loft is located at the entrance to Polperro Harbour, part of the South West Coast Path, approximately 4 miles west of Looe and 11 km east of Fowey. It is commonly accessed on foot by walkers exploring the harbour headlands. See also Polperro South West Coast Path References
Coastguard's Lookout Tower

Coastguard’s Lookout Tower, now known as Telegraph Tower, is a Grade II listed structure built around 1814-16 on St Mary's, Isles of Scilly as a Signal station for the Admiralty. History In May 1812 the military governor of the Isles of Scilly, Lieutenant General Vigoureux, requested a new signal tower station on Newford Down, St Mary’s to allow signals to be passed from the mainland in Cornwall to the batteries below Star Castle. The Admiralty agreed and adverts for its construction were placed in October 1813. After a series of delays, the tower was erected by Messrs. Hambledon. The date of construction is quoted as 1814, but it was reported in the Hampshire Chronicle on 8 January 1816 that had been erected on Newford Down, Scilly, and Lieutenant John Trinder RN was appointed to superintend it. However, the tower appears to have been unsuccessful and in December 1816, it was closed down by the Admiralty and the building reverted to the custody of the land owner, George Osborne, 6th Duke of Leeds. In 1831 the site was taken over by HM Coastguard as a subsidiary to the main station situated on the Garrison. In 1903 a wireless mast and receiving office were built nearby, The Newford Down semaphore station became known as Telegraph Tower, and the area around it is now known as Telegraph. The Lloyd’s Mercantile Marine Signal Station in the garrison was closed and the work of signalling passing ships was carried out by the coastguards at Telegraph Tower. In 1908 a telegraph house was erected on the tower's roof by the contractor, Arthur Carkeep. Today, most of the tower is a residential property owned by the Duchy of Cornwall. References
Wesleyan Methodist Church, Hugh Town

Wesleyan Methodist Church, Hugh Town, Isles of Scilly was a Wesleyan Methodist church in Hugh Town, Isles of Scilly from 1790. It is currently Grade II listed and functions as an office of the Council of the Isles of Scilly. History The first building on the site was erected in 1790, but this was replaced in 1828 by the current building. The church was renovated in 1884. The body of the chapel was reseated and a rostrum and communion-rail added. The front of the gallery was painted white, relieved with gold. With the addition of a school room the works cost £500. The church was renovated again in 1905. In the 1930s, the church merged with the Bible Christians, and the decision was taken to use the new building on Church Street. Worship ended and the building was left empty. The rostrum and communion rail were moved and installed in the Church Street chapel. Organ Music was originally provided by a flute, bass viol and clarionet. Later a harmonium was used until in 1905 the church installed a pipe organ by Messrs Heard of Truro. References
Compass Point Storm Tower

The Storm Tower at Compass Point, Bude–Stratton, Cornwall, England, is an octagonal lookout tower, modelled on the Tower of the Winds in Athens, Greece. It is known locally as the Pepperpot. The tower was built in 1835 on the instructions of Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, 10th Baronet, to a design by George Wightwick, as a place from which coastguards could observe ships on the adjacent Atlantic Ocean. Historic England describe it thus: Roughly-dressed stone brought to course with freestone quoins... on plinth with 3 granite steps up to entrance on east side. Entrance has entablature and pediment on freestone pilasters. Each side has slit window with stone sill, those to north-east and north-west blocked. The points of the compass are carved as a frieze in sans-serif below the moulded cornice. Low pyramidal roof with moulded base to cross formerly surmounting tower. Interior has slate floor and brick dressings to slit windows. The current roof is not original. As built, the tower was aligned to magnetic north, but polar drift means this is now seven degrees out. The tower sits on a sandstone and shale cliff that is described as friable and which is subject to erosion, averaging 1 metre (1.1 yd) a year, but with the potential for a 25-metre (27 yd) loss at any time. As a result, the tower had to be moved a short distance from the cliff edge in 1881. Because of the ongoing threat of erosion, the tower was again dismantled and reconstructed 100 metres (110 yd) further inland, at a cost of around £450,000, over a six-month period starting in late April 2023 and finishing in March 2024. Funding was provided by the National Lottery Heritage Fund (£249,362), public crowdfunding (£58,000), Cornwall Council (£50,000) and Bude-Stratton town council (£40,000). The work was undertaken by specialist contractors Sally Strachey Historic Conservation. The tower has been Grade II listed since September 1985, giving it legal protection against unauthorised alteration or demolition. References
Weymouth Old Town Hall

Weymouth Old Town Hall is a former town hall at Weymouth, Dorset, England. The building, which was built with Portland stone in the 1770s, has been Grade II listed since 1953. The bell turret is believed to date from the 17th century. Since 2009, the hall has been operated for community use by the Guardians of the Old Town Hall. History The Old Town Hall has Tudor origins, with the same site being the location of an earlier town hall since the 16th century. Traditionally Weymouth and Melcombe Regis were rivals for trade and industry, until the two towns were united in an Act of Parliament in 1571. However, both continued to use their separate town halls, with Weymouth's being rebuilt around 1774. By the 1890s, the town hall was in need of repair, and a major restoration and alteration project was carried out in 1896 for a cost of £877. The clock above the main door of the building was presented by Sir Henry Edwards upon completion of the work; the clockmaker was Thwaites & Reed. By this time, the Weymouth Guildhall, which had opened in 1838 on the site of the former Melcombe Regis Town Hall, was now the council's main place for meetings. The hall, still under the council's ownership, was later used as the headquarters of the local Girl Guides from the mid-20th century onwards. The hall became vacant in 2005 and fell into a state of disrepair. Although the council had initially planned to lease the building, the extensive repair work discouraged potential tenants, including the Citizens Advice Bureau who had considered moving into the building. The council attempted to sell the hall in 2007, but after a deal fell through, the council gave the Chapelhay Community Partnership a 30 year rent-free lease in 2009 to transform the building into an arts and heritage centre. The Guardians of the Old Town Hall formed that year as a community interest company to manage and operate the building. The hall quickly became a regular host of various events and exhibitions, while planned restoration work received planning approval in 2011. The old town hall bell, which had been removed for repairs in the 1970s, was returned in February 2011. Further restoration was undertaken in 2015, funded by McCarthy & Stone, who then temporarily used the building as a sales office for their nearby Harbour Lights Court development. The work received the Weymouth Civic Society Award for 2015. References
St. Breock

St. Breock (auch: St. Briocus oder St. Breoke) ist eine anglikanische Pfarrkirche der Church of England in der gleichnamigen kleinen Ortschaft westlich von Wadebridge in Cornwall. Die Kirche ist seit 1969 als Kulturdenkmal der Kategorie Grade II eingestuft. Geschichte Die Weihe der Kirche fand im Jahr 1259 statt. Sie ist dem heiligen Brieuc, dem ersten Bischof von Saint-Brieuc in der Bretagne, geweiht. Die Kirche entstand zunächst als einschiffiges Bauwerk mit nördlichem Querhaus, Langhaus und Chor gehen ineinander über. Das sechsjochige südliche Seitenschiff wurde vermutlich im 15. Jahrhundert hinzugefügt. Eine grundlegende Wiederherstellung der Kirche fand 1677 statt. Aus dieser Zeit stammt möglicherweise auch das südliche Querhaus. Im Norden und im Süden besitzt das Gotteshaus Vorhallen, der Hauptzugang erfolgt über die nördliche. Renovierungen der Kirche erfolgten in den Jahren 1881 und 1966 nach einer schweren Überflutung 1965. Einzelnachweise Weblinks
Augill Castle

Augill Castle is a Gothic Revival country house in Brough, Cumbria. Originally a private residence, it was later converted into a hotel. History Augill Castle was built in 1841, set on a fifty-four acre estate, by John Bagot Pearson of Kirkby Lonsdale. In 1875, the Rev. Robert Clayton Heslop had a mortgage interest on the premise of founding a preparatory school, but he fell into bankruptcy. In 1878, the castle was sold to Mr. Collins of London. In 1888, the castle was owned by lawyer and writer John Indermaur. In 1892 it was sold at auction to J.H. Jackson of Culgaith. It is grade II listed on the National Heritage List for England. References
All Saints Church, Wragby

All Saints Church is the parish church of the town of Wragby in Lincolnshire, England. It is dedicated to All Saints and is a Grade II listed building. It is located on Church Street and to the east of the town centre. The tower is a prominent landmark in the town. History The present church was built in 1838 as a replacement of an older medieval church. It is constructed of yellow pale brick and limestone, with ashlar dressings. Nicholas Antram, in his Lincolnshire volume in the Pevsner Buildings of England series, revised and reissued in 2002, records the architect as W. A. Nicholson, and describes the style as of the Commissioners' church type. The older church was deemed redundant and was demolished in the 1980s to allow for an expansion of the nearby cemetery. The site is designated as a scheduled monument. All Saints is a Grade II listed building and contains some important stained glass. Present day The church serves as a local landmark and a place of worship and community gatherings. In 2015 the Rector applied for permission to reduce the height of nine yew trees in the churchyard which date back nearly 200 years. Supported by the Diocese of Lincoln and some local residents and parishioners, he argued that the size of the trees obscured views of the church, and particularly of the clock in the church tower. East Lindsey District Council denied permission for the pruning of the trees, saying that "the proposed works would be excessive and unjustified", and instead imposed a tree preservation order on them. Gallery References Sources Bonnette, Denise (2023). Redundancy, Community and Heritage in the Modern Church of England, 1945–2000: Closing the Church Door. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-031-17597-8. Pevsner, Nikolaus; Harris, John; Antram, Nicholas (2002). Lincolnshire. The Buildings of England. New Haven, US and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09620-8.
Bakewell Market Hall

Bakewell Market Hall is a historic building in the town of Bakewell, in Derbyshire, in England. The building was constructed in about 1600 as the town's market hall. Originally, the ground floor was partly open to the street, and the upper floor may have been timber framed. It was altered in the 18th century, with the ground floor arcade filled in. In 1827, the town's administration and courts moved from the Old Town Hall into the upper floor, while the lower floor served as a wash house. The building was extended to the east in 1858, at which time small gables were also added. The council and courts moved into the new Bakewell Town Hall in 1890, and the building became a restaurant. Around this time, two shops were inserted on the west side of the ground floor, and in 1896, the west gable was rebuilt. Later, the building became a rating office, then a dance hall and a library, before becoming the town's tourist information centre. It was grade II listed in 1951. The two-storey building is constructed of sandstone, and has a roof of stone slates. Its front is five bays wide, and most of its windows are mullioned and have leaded lights. The gables have painted shields. The entrance doorway has a Tudor arch. The left side has an oriel window. See also Listed buildings in Bakewell References
Londesborough Arms, Seamer

The Londesborough Arms is a historic pub in Seamer, a village near Scarborough, North Yorkshire, in England. The building was constructed as a manor house, in the early or mid 18th century, and was later converted into a pub. It was extended and remodelled in the early 19th century and was further altered in the 20th century. The building was grade II listed in 1967. It was renovated in 2016 at a cost of £200,000, at which time it was owned by Punch Taverns. By 2023, it was owned by Heineken's Star Pubs, which invested £125,000 in work which included creating four additional bedrooms, to add to the existing nine. The pub is constructed of painted sandstone on a plinth, partly rendered, with a hipped slate roof. It has two storeys, and a front of three bays, the outer days projecting and linked by a slated porch. On the right return is a doorway with attached columns, paterae, and an open pediment. The windows are sashes, some horizontally sliding. See also Listed buildings in Seamer, Scarborough References
Larpool Mill

Larpool Mill is a historic building on Glen Esk Road in Whitby, a town in North Yorkshire, England. The watermill was constructed in the 18th century to grind corn. It is located on the Cock Mill Beck in Larpool Wood. It was later converted into holiday accommodation; despite its apparently small size, it has five bedrooms. The building was Grade II listed in 1972. Historic England states that it was listed for its "visual importance in [a] picturesque setting". The cottage is built of stone with a pantile roof, and has two storeys. Projecting from the front is a single-storey pentice with a modern door and window. The main part has a small double-hung sash window, and a modern window below. At the rear are three small windows. See also Listed buildings in Whitby (outer areas) References
Golden Lion, Whitby

The Golden Lion is a historic pub on Golden Lion Bank in Whitby, a town in North Yorkshire, England. An inn was first recorded on the site in 1714, and the rear elevation of the pub survives from the 18th century. The front was rebuilt in the late 19th century, and its ground floor was altered in the 20th century. The pub was Grade II listed in 1972. In 2019, it was owned by Star Pubs, which proposed changing its name to the "Salty Dog", but this was not carried forward. In 2025, the exterior of the pub was redecorated and its signs were replaced. The pub is rendered and has three storeys and two bays. The ground floor has a pub front with Doric pilasters, and a fascia with the name, and above are paired sash windows under segmental arches. The rear is in brick with a small modillion cornice and two storeys. It contains a five-light sash window and a round-arched stair window. See also Listed buildings in Whitby (central area - west) References External links Official website
St Patrick's Church, Whitby

St Patrick's Church is a former Catholic church in Whitby, a town in North Yorkshire, in England. A large house was built on Church Street in Whitby in the 18th century. In 1886, the right half of the building was converted into an infant school, run by the Sisters of Mercy. In 1930, the left half of the building was converted into a church. Initially in the parish of St Hilda's Church, Whitby, in 1976 it was given its own parish, but by 2003 the building needed major repairs and the church was closed and let out to tenants. The building has been grade II listed since 1965. The building is constructed of brick on a stone plinth, and has a parapet with corniced capping, and a pantile roof. There are two storeys and seven bays. In the centre is the entrance to a recessed doorway, with a rectangular fanlight. The windows are double-hung sashes in flush frames, and all the openings have flat arches and painted brick voussoirs. See also Listed buildings in Whitby (central area - east) References