NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Scaleby Castle

Scaleby Castle ist ein Landhaus und eine ehemalige Burg im Dorf Scaleby in der englischen Grafschaft Cumbria. Die Burg wurde ursprünglich Anfang des 14. Jahrhunderts errichtet und dann im 15. Jahrhundert zu einer starken Festung erweitert. Während des englischen Bürgerkrieges griffen parlamentaristische Truppen die Burg zweimal an und brannten sie nieder. Später wurde sie als Landhaus wieder aufgebaut. Geschichte Bau und Ausbau der Burg Robert de Tilliol ließ Scaleby Castle nach 1307 in der Nähe des Dorfes Scaleby, etwa 10 km entfernt von Carlisle, errichten. Die Tilliols waren seit der Regentschaft Heinrichs I. eine gutsituierte Familie in der Region und Robert de Tilliol erhielt das Land für den Bau der Burg von König Eduard I. Die Erlaubnis zum Bau einer befestigten Burg (engl.: Licence to Crenellate) erlangte er von König Eduard II. Die ursprüngliche Burg bestand aus zwei Gebäudegruppen, die durch einen kleinen Hof miteinander verbunden waren. Auf beiden Seiten war sie durch eine Kurtine geschützt und war allseitig von einem etwa 7,4 Meter breiten Wassergraben sowie von einem inneren Graben umgeben. Letzterer wurde seither größtenteils zerstört. Die männliche Linie der Tilliols starb 1435 aus; die Burg fiel dann durch Heirat an die Familie Colville. Sie ließen die ganze Burg umbauen und z. B. den Peel Tower, den Rittersaal und den Eingang zur Burg, einschließlich einer mehreckigen Barbakane. Der Peel Tower bildete mit seinem Grundriss von etwa 12 Meter × 9 Meter eine starke Festung; der hatte drei Stockwerke und dicke Mauern. Die Familie Musgrave erwarb die Burg und Sir Edward Musgrave ließ die südliche Gebäudeflucht 1596 neu bauen. Zerstörung im Bürgerkrieg 1641 brach der englische Bürgerkrieg zwischen den royalistischen Unterstützern Karls I. und denen des Parlamentes aus. Sir Edward Musgraves Enkel, der ebenfalls Edward hieß, war ein entschiedener Royalist. Im Februar 1645 belagerten parlamentaristische Truppen das nahegelegene Carlisle, nahmen schließlich Scaleby Castle ein und verursachten beträchtlichen Schaden an der Burg. Edward Musgrave ließ es zwar restaurieren, griff aber 1648 erneut zu den Waffen für die Sache des Königs. Diesmal fiel die Burg sofort in die Hände der parlamentaristischen Truppen, die sie in Brand setzten. Wiederaufbau und Umwandlung in ein Landhaus Sir Edward Musgrave hatte hohe Schulden und verkaufte die Burg nach dem Bürgerkrieg an Richard Gilpin, der das Anwesen um 1800 wieder herrichten ließ. Das Anwesen blieb in Händen der Gilpins, bis es verfiel. Es wurde dann von Rowland Fawcett erneut restauriert, diesmal als Landhaus, und von der Familie Standish erworben. Heute hat English Heritage Scaleby Castle als historisches Bauwerk I. Grades gelistet und es gilt als Scheduled Monument. Es ist der Sitz von Oliver Eden, 8. Baron Henley, einem Verwandten des ehemaligen britischen Premierministers Sir Anthony Eden. Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Scaleby Castle

Scaleby Castle is in the village of Scaleby, Cumbria, England. The castle was originally built in the early 14th century, and extended in the 15th century to form a substantial fortification. Parliamentary troops attacked the castle twice during the English Civil War, burning it. It was later restored to form a country house. Details Robert de Tilliol built Scaleby Castle after 1307, next to the village of Scaleby, 6 miles (9.7 km) from Carlisle. The Tilliols were a well-established family in the region from the reign of Henry I onwards, and Robert was given the land for the castle by Edward I and granted the authority to build a castle by Edward II. The initial castle comprised two sets of buildings, linked by a small courtyard and protected by a curtain wall on both sides, surrounded by a large, circular, water-filled moat approximately 7.4 metres (24 ft) wide, and an inner moat, since largely destroyed. The male Tilliol line died out in 1435; the castle then passed by marriage to the Colville family. They rebuilt much of the castle in the late 15th century, including remodelling the pele tower, the great hall and the gateway, complete with a polygonal barbican. The pele tower formed a substantial fortification, about 40 feet (12 m) by 30 feet (9.1 m) across, with three floors and thick walls. The Musgrave family acquired the castle and Sir Edward Musgrave rebuilt the south range of the castle in 1596. In 1641, the English Civil War broke out between the Royalist supporters of Charles I and Parliament. Sir Edward's grandson, another Sir Edward Musgrave, was a strong Royalist supporter and declared for the king. In February 1645, Parliamentary forces besieging nearby Carlisle also besieged and eventually seized Scaleby Castle, causing considerable damage; Edward recovered the castle, but in at the start of the Second English Civil War in 1648 he again took up arms on behalf of the king. This time the castle immediately fell to Parliamentary forces, who set fire to it. Sir Edward was heavily in debt so he sold the castle after the war to Richard Gilpin, who restored the property c. 1800. The property remained in the hand of the Gilpins until it fell into disrepair; it was restored once again by Rowland Fawcett. In 1847 James Fawcett was resident there. Today the castle is a Grade I listed building and a scheduled monument. It is the seat of Oliver Eden, 8th Baron Henley. See also Grade I listed buildings in Cumbria Listed buildings in Scaleby Castles in Great Britain and Ireland List of castles in England References Bibliography Mackenzie, James D. (1896). The Castles of England: Their Story and Structure, Vol II. New York: Macmillan. OCLC 504892038. mackenzie story and structure. Pettifer, Adrian (2002). English Castles: A Guide by Counties. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 9780851157825. Taylor, Michael Waistell (1892). Old Manorial Halls of Westmorland and Cumberland. Kendal, UK: T. Wilson.
Château de Scaleby

Le château de Scaleby est situé dans le village de Scaleby, Cumbria, en Angleterre. Il est construit au début du XIVe siècle et agrandi au XVe siècle pour former une fortification importante. Les troupes parlementaires attaquent le château à deux reprises pendant la guerre civile anglaise et l'incendient. Il est ensuite restauré pour former une maison de campagne. Histoire Robert de Tilliol construit le château de Scaleby après 1307, à côté du village de Scaleby, 6 milles (9,656064 km) de Carlisle. Les Tilliol sont une famille bien établie dans la région depuis le règne d'Henri Ier, et Robert reçoit le terrain pour le château d'Édouard Ier et le pouvoir de construire un château d'Édouard II. Le château initial comprend deux ensembles de bâtiments, reliés par une petite cour et protégés par une courtine des deux côtés, entourés d'un grand fossé circulaire rempli d'eau d'environ 7,4 mètres (24,27821526 pi) de large, et un fossé intérieur, depuis en grande partie détruit. La lignée masculine Tilliol s'éteint en 1435 ; le château passe ensuite par mariage à la famille Colville. Ils reconstruisent une grande partie du château à la fin du XVe siècle, notamment en remodelant la tour Pele, la grande salle et le portail, complétés par une barbacane polygonale. La tour Pele forme une fortification importante, d'environ 40 pieds (12,192 m) de 30 pieds (9,144 m) de travers, avec trois étages et des murs épais. La famille Musgrave acquiert le château et Edward Musgrave reconstruit la partie sud du château en 1596. En 1641, la guerre civile anglaise éclate entre les partisans royalistes de Charles Ier et le Parlement. Le petit-fils d'Edward, un autre Edward Musgrave, est un fervent partisan royaliste et se déclare en faveur du roi. En février 1645, les forces parlementaires assiègent Carlisle à proximité et assiègent également et finissent par s'emparer du château de Scaleby, causant des dégâts considérables. Edward récupère le château, mais au début de la Seconde Guerre civile anglaise en 1648, il reprend les armes au nom du roi. Cette fois, le château tombe immédiatement aux mains des forces parlementaires, qui y mettent le feu. Edward est lourdement endetté et il vend donc le château après la guerre à Richard Gilpin, qui restaure la propriété vers 1800. Elle reste entre les mains des Gilpin jusqu'à ce qu'elle tombe en ruine ; il est à nouveau restauré par Rowland Fawcett. En 1847, James Fawcett y réside. Aujourd'hui, le château est un bâtiment classé Grade I. C'est le siège d'Oliver Eden, 8e baron Henley. Références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Scaleby Castle » (voir la liste des auteurs). Liens externes Ressource relative à l'architecture : National Heritage List for England Portail de l’Angleterre Portail des châteaux Portail des monuments classés au Royaume-Uni
Scaleby Castle

Scaleby Castle är ett slott i Storbritannien. Det ligger i grevskapet Cumbria och riksdelen England, i den centrala delen av landet, 400 km norr om huvudstaden London. Scaleby Castle ligger 25 meter över havet. Terrängen runt Scaleby Castle är platt. Närmaste större samhälle är Carlisle, 8,1 km sydväst om Scaleby Castle. Trakten runt Scaleby Castle består i huvudsak av gräsmarker. Kommentarer Källor Externa länkar Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Scaleby Castle.
Scarborough Hospital

Scarborough Hospital, formerly Scarborough General Hospital is an NHS district general hospital in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. It is run by the York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. History In the early 1930s it was decided to build a new general hospital for Scarborough; the cost of construction of £135,000 was financed in part by the sale of the site of a former hospital at Spring Hill and in part by public subscription. The new hospital was opened by the Duke of Kent on 23 October 1936. After the hospital joined the National Health Service in 1948, a major new extension followed in 1988. The hospital came under the management of the Scarborough and North East Yorkshire Healthcare NHS Trust in 1994 but on 1 July 2012 the Scarborough and North East Yorkshire Healthcare NHS Trust was absorbed by the York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. A new surgical ward, known as Maple Ward, was built by Elliott Off-Site Building Solutions at a cost of £2.4 million and opened in spring 2011. Another new surgical ward, called Lilac ward, was built by Kier Group at a cost of £5 million and opened in March 2015. A new two-storey urgent and emergency care centre opened in May 2025. The project cost £47 million and was started in 2022 with an initial completion date in autumn 2024; however this was delayed due to a faulty boiler. The centre includes a new CT scanner and a dedicated isolation room for highly infectious diseases. Services Annually, the hospital sees an average of 127,000 patient attendances to its emergency department, in addition to 119,000 inpatients and 390,000 outpatient appointments. See also List of hospitals in England References External links Official website
Scarborough Open Air Theatre

Scarborough Open Air Theatre (commonly abbreviated the SOAT or OAT) is an outdoor theatre in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. It was built in Northstead Manor Gardens in 1932, and originally closed in 1986 but was reopened in May 2010. History The Scarborough Open Air Theatre was opened on the grounds of Northstead Manor Gardens in 1932 by Lord Mayor of London Sir Percy Greenaway, 1st Baronet, with the first performance at the theatre being a production of comic opera Merrie England. Uniquely for an outdoor venue, the stage area was situated on an island formed in a lake, with a five-block seating area on the opposite end of the lake having a capacity of 5,876 seats. Two performances a week were usually held at the theatre during the summer period, with game show It's a Knockout, held every Wednesday, commonly drawing large crowds to the theatre and setting an unofficial attendance record of 11,000. Musicals at the theatre ceased by 1968 following a performance of West Side Story, and the venue further declined in 1977 with the demolition of dressing rooms and the island stage, as well as the removal of seating. The theatre closed in 1986 following a final performance by James Last and His Orchestra. Reopening In 2008, planning permission was received for a major renovation. The £3.5 million scheme to transform the Open Air Theatre was completed in May 2010. The theatre was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, on 20 May 2010. Initially after reopening, the capacity of the theatre was 6,500; this was increased to 8,000 in 2017 when part of the lake area was covered over. Events The venue stages a mixed entertainment programme including music concerts, opera productions and community events. Many British and international acts perform at the venue. During the World Cup 2010, all England football matches were shown live on a large TV screen for free. In September 2017 music promoters Cuffe & Taylor signed a ten-year deal with Scarborough Borough Council to bring concerts to the venue for the next ten years. 90,000 people attended concerts at the venue in 2018, setting a new audience record for the venue and bringing an estimated £7 million to the local economy. In December 2018 the venue was used to host the Scarborough Sparkle Christmas event with an ice rink and Christmas market. The venue's attendance record was broken during the 2024 season, with a combined total of 116,606 people attending 18 concerts, the last of which was held in September by the band Busted. References External links Media related to Scarborough Open Air Theatre at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Scarborough Sixth Form College

Scarborough Sixth Form College is located on the outskirts of Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. Background The Sixth form college offers a variety of study courses to around 1,000 mostly 16- to 19-year-olds. Courses range from level 2 (GCSE) to level 3 (Advanced Level and BTEC). A 2001 Ofsted inspection described the college as "a particularly successful college", being rated 23rd in a list of the United Kingdom's most successful colleges in that year. An Ofsted inspection from 2016 said the college was a "good college" and it "displays elements that are outstanding". Students take AS or A2 (A-Level) qualifications, as well as BTECs and GCSEs. In 2012 the college opened a new study space called "The Hub"; it was opened by former students, Howard Wilson and Toby Jepson. The £3 million refit of the college, including the library facility, was fully completed in November 2012. Notable former students Eliza Carthy, folk musician John Fendley, television presenter & former producer of Soccer AM Toby Jepson, singer and songwriter Melanie Leng, isotope geoscientist Mikey North, actor in Coronation Street Timothy Sheader, artistic director at Regent's Park Open Air Theatre Little Angels, hard rock band of the late 1980s to mid-1990s Howard Wilson, professor of plasma physics Gavin Williamson, Conservative MP former Secretary of State for Defence, and former Secretary of State for Education References External links Scarborough Sixth Form College website
Scholes Coppice

Scholes Coppice (also called Scholes Wood) in an area of ancient woodland located to the north-west of Kimberworth in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham in South Yorkshire, England. It was once part of the Kimberworth Deer Park, and contains a number of archaeological sites, the most significant of which is thought to be an Iron Age hill fort. Known as Caesar's Camp or Castle Holmes, this Scheduled Ancient Monument was partially excavated in the 1990s. It consists of an outer bank 2–5 metres high and 15 metres wide that may have been topped by a wooden palisade, which is paralleled by a 15-metre-wide ditch. There is no obvious entrance to the site. Scholes Coppice and the neighbouring Keppel's Field (which was once a part of the woodland) were designated a Local Nature Reserve by Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council in 1996. References and notes External links Friends of Keppel's Field
Škola ekonomické vědy

Škola ekonomické vědy (anglicky School of Economic Science – odtud zkratka SES) je britská duchovní společnost, která se snaží o vytvoření syntézy ezoterického křesťanství a východní filozofie. Vznik Školu založil v Londýně v roce 1937 Andrew MacLaren. Po několika letech převzal vedení společnosti jeho syn, Leon MacLaren. Roku 1950, rok před smrtí Andrew MacLarena, se hnutí spojilo se Studijní společností. V roce 1994 se do čela hnutí postavil Donald Lambie. Odkazy Reference Literatura BARRETT, David V. Sekty, kulty, alternativní náboženství. Praha: Ivo Železný, 1998. HRABAL, F. R. Lexikon náboženských hnutí, sekt a duchovních společností. Bratislava: CAD PRESS, 1998. Související články Studijní společnost Externí odkazy Domovské stránky Školy ekonomické vědy (anglicky)
Schuster Laboratory

The Schuster Laboratory (also known as the Schuster Building) houses the Department of Physics and Astronomy, part of the Faculty of Science and Engineering, at the University of Manchester. It is named after Arthur Schuster and is located in Brunswick Park (formerly Brunswick Street) on the main campus of the university. The building was designed by Fairhurst, Harry S. & Sons, of the Fairhurst Design Group, and was completed in 1967. The roof of the largest lecture theatre in the building has an abstract sculpture by Michael Piper on it. In 2007, the existing labs and offices were refurbished. The Schuster Annexe, opened by Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell, was added in 2018. Architecture The Schuster Laboratory was built during a time of expansion for the university, with the construction of a new Science Quadrangle. The Schuster Building was one of the later buildings constructed on this Quadrangle. The Electrical Engineering Laboratory, on the south side, was completed by 1954. This was followed by the Simon Engineering Laboratories on the south-west of the quadrangle, finished in mid-1962, and the Chemistry building on the south-east which was completed by October 1964. The Schuster Laboratories had been approved, and planning was nearly completed, by the end of August 1962. The Schuster Annexe was designed by Hawkins Brown and was completed in 2017. It contains additional laboratories and offices, as well as dedicated areas for group work and collaboration. The mosaic The Alchemist’s Elements (1967, Hans Tisdall) was mounted on the building in 2022. Facilities The building houses four lecture theatres around the foyer on the ground floor named after people who taught or researched in the department: Rutherford, Bragg, Blackett, and Moseley (seating 258, 148, 145, and 155, respectively). These rooms are centrally allocated by the university, rather than being used solely by the department. There is also a fifth theatre, bearing the name of Jocelyn Bell Burnell, located in the Annexe. There is a meeting room located on the top floor of the South wing of the building called the Niels Bohr Common Room, which also provides access to the rooftop telescope. The building also houses computer and experimental laboratories for both research and teaching purposes. The building was purpose-built for the Department of Physics and Astronomy and houses six of its groups specialising in: Biological Physics; Condensed Matter Physics; Non-Linear Dynamics and Liquid Crystal Physics; Nuclear Physics; Particle Physics; and Theoretical Physics. The Schuster Building was also home to the Photon Physics group and part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics until they were relocated to the Alan Turing Building in September 2007. References
Science Area, Oxford

The Oxford University Science Area in Oxford, England, is where most of the science departments at the University of Oxford are located. Overview The main part of the Science Area is located to the south of the University Parks and to the north of South Parks Road, bounded by Parks Road to the west. Some departments are also located south of South Parks Road. Close by to the northwest, further departments are located in a triangle of land bounded by the Banbury Road to the west, Keble Road to the south, and Parks Road to the northeast, opposite the University Parks, known locally as the Keble Road Triangle. History The Oxford University Museum of Natural History opened on Parks Road in 1860. Several science departments moved within the building—astronomy, geometry, experimental physics, mineralogy, chemistry, geology, zoology, anatomy, physiology and medicine. As the departments grew in size over the years, they moved to new locations along South Parks Road. The Radcliffe Observatory Quarter further to the west between Woodstock Road and Walton Street, where the Radcliffe Infirmary hospital used to be located, is now being developed by the university for a number of departments, following the granting of planning permission in 2009. Redevelopment The new Biochemistry Building was designed by Hawkins\Brown, architects. Terra Firma landscape architects worked with them to design the new public interest and external facilities required by staff, researchers and students. Departments Biochemistry Chemistry: Chemistry Research Laboratory Chemical Biology Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Organic Chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Computer Science (formerly the Computing Laboratory): Numerical Analysis Group Programming Research Group Earth Sciences Engineering Science E-Research Centre Experimental Psychology Oxford University Centre for the Environment Materials Mathematical Institute Pathology, Sir William Dunn School of Pharmacology Physics: Astrophysics Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics Clarendon Laboratory: Atomic and Laser Physics Condensed Matter Physics Particle Physics Theoretical Physics Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Plant Sciences Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art Zoology See also Begbroke Science Park Dyson Perrins Laboratory Oxford Internet Institute Oxford Science Park Radcliffe Observatory Quarter References External links Departments in the Science Area Science Area Team Department A-Z