NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Unsworth Academy

Unsworth Academy (formerly Castlebrook High School) is a coeducational secondary school located in Unsworth, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, Greater Manchester, England. History The school opened in September 1971 and was originally called Unsworth Comprehensive School. Its initial enrollment was 146 pupils. In 1983, the school merged with Whitefield High School (aka Albert Road) and was renamed Castlebrook High School. Throughout 2006, along with several other schools in the wider Bury borough, it had been under a sustained threat of closure. It was believed that there will be 2,000 fewer high school pupils in Bury, so Bury Council wanted to close two high schools in the area. It was possible that Castlebrook would be amalgamated with nearby Philips High School, or that either Castlebrook or Philips will be closed. The school's GCSE results improved greatly over the next few years; with 61% of pupils achieving 5 A*-Cs in 2008, up to 76% in 2009 and to 80% in 2010, the highest the school has ever achieved. However, in 2016, the school was deemed inadequate by Ofsted (The number of pupils attaining 5 GCSEs (including English and Maths) at grade A*-C in 2014 was below the national average. Previously a community school administered by Bury Metropolitan Borough Council, in February 2017 Castlebrook High School converted to academy status and was renamed Unsworth Academy. The school is now sponsored by the Shaw Education Trust A new building for the school was started in January 2018 and was completed in 2019. Notable former pupils Samuel Brooksworth, Businessman. Gemma Atkinson, former Hollyoaks actress and TV personality. Trevor Sinclair, former Manchester City and England footballer. David Ball, Wellington Phoenix footballer. Warren Hegg, former England cricketer. Jodie Gibson, England Netball athlete. Gold medalist. Dean Hughes, Artist and University Professor. References External links Unsworth Academy official website
Castlefield Congregational Chapel

Castlefield Congregational Chapel is a building located at 378 Deansgate in Manchester, England. The building originally opened as a Congregational chapel in 1858, and was designed by the local architect Edward Walters. It has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade II listed building. It is located in Castlefield, an Urban Heritage Park. The building was converted to a sound recording studio in the 1980s and owned by Pete Waterman, best known for Stock Aitken Waterman. Rick Astley recorded "Never Gonna Give You Up" in the chapel. Waterman sold the building in 2006 and it has since been converted to offices. See also Listed buildings in Manchester-M3 References
Castleford bus station

Castleford Bus Station serves the town of Castleford, West Yorkshire, England. The bus station is owned and managed by West Yorkshire Metro. The bus station is situated in Castleford Town Centre off Albion Street and is approximately 110 yards (100 m) away from the town's railway station. The rebuilt station has 10 stands in a drive-in-reverse out format while the original station had 15 stands on four islands at the bus station. The main operator is Arriva Yorkshire. History The first bus station opened in May 1963. The previous bus station had become rather outdated and had not seen the investment that others in West Yorkshire had, its replacement was a pending issue for the town for some time. Building works was due to begin in 2010 on a brand new bus/rail interchange situated at Castleford's rail station, however replacement was delayed. however the project was delayed and Metro and Wakefield Council are seeking funding from the Government for the work. In 2013, Metro and Wakefield Council drew up plans for a replacement of the previous bus station. It was proposed that the bus station would have an enclosed waiting area, CCTV, a retail outlet and public toilets. Bus operators, disabled people's groups and ward councillors and the public were consulted prior to construction. In mid-2014, the bus station closed for refurbishment. Works necessitated the installation of temporary bus stops on Albion Street and Enterprise Way. The new bus station was opened in 2015. The new bus station cost £6 million and has all passenger facilities fully indoors rather than the previous outdoor shelters. This brings Castleford bus station up to the standards of neighbouring Pontefract and Wakefield bus stations. Services Buses run from the bus station around the town of Castleford and as far a field as Leeds, Knottingley, Pontefract and Wakefield. National Express Coaches (service 426) operate from here southbound towards London and northbound towards Sunderland. References External links Metro's Castleford Bus Station page Interchange work due to start - Wakefield Express Castleford bus station - Geograph Castleford Bus Station- Wakefield First
Castles Camp

Castles Camp is a univallate Iron Age hill fort in the Taunton Deane district of Somerset, England. The hill fort is situated approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west from the village of Bathealton. A few trees a scattered around the camp's defences along with Roman coins being found in previous years. Background Hill forts developed in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, roughly the start of the first millennium BC. The reason for their emergence in Britain, and their purpose, has been a subject of debate. It has been argued that they could have been military sites constructed in response to invasion from continental Europe, sites built by invaders, or a military reaction to social tensions caused by an increasing population and consequent pressure on agriculture. The dominant view since the 1960s has been that the increasing use of iron led to social changes in Britain. Deposits of iron ore were located in different places to the tin and copper ore necessary to make bronze, and as a result trading patterns shifted and the old elites lost their economic and social status. Power passed into the hands of a new group of people. Archaeologist Barry Cunliffe believes that population increase still played a role and has stated "[the forts] provided defensive possibilities for the community at those times when the stress [of an increasing population] burst out into open warfare. But I wouldn't see them as having been built because there was a state of war. They would be functional as defensive strongholds when there were tensions and undoubtedly some of them were attacked and destroyed, but this was not the only, or even the most significant, factor in their construction". See also List of hill forts and ancient settlements in Somerset References
Castor Hanglands National Nature Reserve

Castor Hanglands is an 89.8-hectare (222-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Peterborough in Cambridgeshire. The site is also a National Nature Reserve, and it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I for its woodlands and Grade 2 for its grassland. It is common land managed by Natural England. The location features ancient ash and maple woodland, unimproved grassland and scrub, and is further described by Natural England as valuable for invertebrates, including some nationally uncommon species. Among the rare plants found here are crested cow-wheat, lesser water-plantain, man orchid and narrow-leaved water dropwort. Woodland butterflies present include silver-washed fritillary, purple hairstreak and white admiral. There are also ponds and ditches which have a variety of aquatic fauna including the Great Crested Newt. There is access by going south along Heath Road from Helpston, going straight on at the crossroads and then along a track westward to the reserve. References
Cat and Fiddle Inn

The Cat and Fiddle Inn is a former public house in the English Peak District, in Cheshire, close to the border with Derbyshire. It sits on the A537 road from Macclesfield to Buxton, which runs across a high and remote area of moorland. A section of the road is known as the "Cat and Fiddle Road" after the inn. The building is some 1,689 feet (515 m) above sea level, and it was the second-highest public house in Britain before it closed in 2015 (the Tan Hill Inn in Yorkshire is slightly higher). In 2020, it reopened as a distillery, shop and bar. History The Cat and Fiddle first opened in 1813. It was for many years the final checkpoint of the Four Inns Walk, an annual fell race organised by the Scout Association. Its future as a pub was cast into doubt after it was shuttered by Robinsons Brewery in 2015. It remained empty until 2019, when the Forest Distillery took out a long-term lease on the property. A crowdfunding appeal raised over £50,000 towards the restoration of the building, and it reopened in the summer of 2020 as a shop and bar selling Forest Distillery products. Gin and whisky are also now distilled on site. References External links Media related to Cat and Fiddle Inn, Cheshire at Wikimedia Commons
Catcliffe Glass Cone

The Catcliffe Glass Cone is a glass cone in the village of Catcliffe in South Yorkshire, England. It is the oldest surviving structure of its type in Western Europe, and it is a Grade I listed building and Scheduled Ancient Monument. Only three other glass cones survive in the United Kingdom; at Lemington, Wordsley and Alloa. The glassworks cone was part of the Catcliffe glassworks, which was established in 1740 by William Fenney. Fenney had previously been the manager of the glassworks at Bolsterstone that was owned by his mother-in-law. The site at Catcliffe was chosen in part because the terms of her will prevented him from setting up a glassworks within 10 miles (16 km) of the works at Bolsterstone and Catcliffe is 10.5 miles (16.9 km) away. The glassworks closed c.1887, but was reopened briefly in 1900. The brick cone has archways around the base to allow maximum air entry. It is approximately 20 metres (66 ft) high. Although glassmaking is an ancient process, it was carried out on a small scale until the development of industrialised methods in Europe allowed it to be mass-produced. The fusion of silica and sodium oxide in a furnace was usually achieved by the burning of wood; but coal was often used instead in Britain, which prompted the development of the glass cone. Glass cones consisted of a large central furnace, a flue to carry waste gas to the top of the structure and away, smaller furnaces around the walls to ensure the finished products stayed warm, and a circular platform on which workers stood while making their glassware. Although invented earlier, they became commonplace in the early 19th century; but further innovations in the glassmaking industry made the float glass production method more efficient and allowed manufacture to be based in fewer but larger works. Most cones were knocked down after they fell out of use, and by the mid-1970s only four survived: the Alloa cone (the only example in Scotland), Catcliffe Glass Cone, Lemington Glass Cone in Tyne and Wear, and Red House Cone in Wordsley, West Midlands. In the First World War the site was used as a prisoner-of-war camp and, as a canteen during the 1926 United Kingdom general strike. The cone was threatened with demolition in the 1960s so the foundations of the other buildings that comprised the glassworks were excavated in 1962. In 1968 the cone received Grade I listing. Access to the site was closed in 2006 as bricks were falling from the top of the structure. Restoration work was undertaken in 2014. See also Grade I listed buildings in South Yorkshire Listed buildings in Catcliffe References
Catcleugh Reservoir

Catcleugh Reservoir is a reservoir in Northumberland, England, adjacent to the A68 road just north of Byrness and to the southeast of the border with Scotland. It has a surface area of 98.654 ha and a mean depth of 9.8 m, a catchment area of 4007.5 ha, and is situated at 247 m altitude. History The reservoir was constructed between 1884 and 1905 for the Newcastle and Gateshead Water Company. The reservoir forms part of a series of reservoirs along the A68, which are connected by tunnels and aqueducts from Catcleugh Reservoir to Whittle Dene; from where drinking water is supplied to Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, and some surrounding areas. The reservoirs that form the chain are, from northwest to southeast: Catcleugh Reservoir → Colt Crag Reservoir → Little Swinburne Reservoir → Hallington Reservoirs → Whittle Dene. The reservoir is fed by the River Rede. The steam shovel was a large factor in building this reservoir as it could easily do the work of many men. Flora and fauna Catcleugh Reservoir has been designated as a Local Wildlife Site, and is surrounded by a mixture of native and conifer woodlands. The surrounding moorland is a Site of Special Scientific Interest because of the mosaic of heather and upland grassland. The higher moorland is home to breeding golden plover and dunlin. Ospreys are known to have used this site for roosting; buzzards are regular visitors, and there are occasional records of golden eagles. A variety of mammals occur here including otter, red squirrel, badger, roe deer, and bat. Red squirrels live in the conifer plantations around the reservoir where mature trees provide a good supply of seeds. The young and mature conifer plantations are also a good habitat for roe deer whilst the network of watercourses provides excellent habitat for the otter. References
Kingston Hospital

Kingston Hospital is an acute hospital in Kingston upon Thames, London, England. It is managed by the Kingston and Richmond NHS Foundation Trust. It has an Accident & Emergency Unit, a popular Maternity unit, and an STD clinic known as the Wolverton Centre. History The hospital has its origins in a workhouse infirmary built in 1843. A larger infirmary was built to the southwest of the workhouse in 1868 and a nurses' home was built to the north of the workhouse in 1897. The infirmary was separated from the workhouse and was renamed the Kingston Infirmary in 1902. It became the Kingston and District Hospital in 1920 and a larger nurses' home was opened by the Duchess of York in 1928. The hospital joined the National Health Service in 1948 and began to redevelop the site the following year. A new outpatients department was opened by Princess Alexandra in 1963, a new medical centre was opened by Enoch Powell, Minister of Health in 1962 and Kenley Ward was opened by Professor Sir Max Rosenheim, President of the Royal College of Physicians, in 1969. The Esher Wing opened in 1976, the Bernard Meade Wing was opened by Princess Alexandra in 1992 and the Rowan Bentall Wing was opened, also by Princess Alexandra, in 1994. A new surgical centre was procured under a Private Finance Initiative contract in May 2004. The surgical centre, which was built by Costain at a cost of £33 million, opened in June 2007. In June 2008, the Trust opened the Sir William Rous Unit, for those with cancer or concerned they might have cancer. The unit is run in partnership between, Kingston Hospital, the Royal Marsden Hospital and Macmillan Cancer Support so as to provide care for patients with cancer. Services The Coombe Wing is a private patient unit on the site which was operated by BMI Healthcare but the contract was taken over by One Healthcare in 2018. Transport Kingston Hospital is close to Norbiton railway station and is on the A308. It is serviced by several bus routes (57, 213, K2, K3 and K4), primarily from Kingston upon Thames. References External links Kingston and Richmond NHS Foundation Trust
Caterham High School

Caterham High School is a mixed, comprehensive 11-18 school in Clayhall, London. There are 1100 students in the school. The school is supported by the Arts Council. It had a newly built school building in 2006 at a cost of £1.4 million. The school has many sports facilities available from football, netball and basketball courts to gyms, netball and badminton courts and lastly a huge swimming pool used by all students. British racing driver Scott Malvern was a pupil at Caterham High School during 2000–2006. References
Cathedral Gardens

Cathedral Gardens ist eine Freifläche im Stadtzentrum von Manchester. Nördlich liegt die Manchester Victoria Station, westlich die Chetham’s School of Music, südwestlich die Kathedrale von Manchester und im östlichen Teil des Geländes das Museum Urbis mit dem National Football Museum. Der Park ist von einem Wasserspiel umgeben, ferner befinden sich im Gras eine Reihe von Stahlskulpturen. Auf der Fläche finden das ganze Jahr über zahlreiche Veranstaltungen statt, wie das jährliche Jazz Festival, das Manchester Food and Drink Festival oder auch das Ice Village (als Teil der Weihnachtsmärkte). Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Cathedral Gardens

Cathedral Gardens is an open space in Manchester city centre, in North West England. It is bounded by Victoria railway station to the north, Chetham's School of Music to the west, the perimeter of Manchester Cathedral and the Corn Exchange on Fennel Street to the south and Urbis to the east. Cathedral Gardens comprises wide areas of grassy plots, surrounded by paved walking areas and stylised concrete sitting areas. On the west side, is a short water feature. Earliest history Until the Industrial Revolution, Manchester was little more than a small market town, and the town was centred on the cathedral. The area where Cathedral Gardens now stands was enclosed by small cottages. During the Industrial Revolution Manchester expanded rapidly, and its centre shifted further south. Cathedral Gardens is overlooked by Chetham's Library, where Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote. After Victoria railway station was built in the 1860s, the site housed travellers, hotels and shops until urban planning in the 1980s, demolished the hotel which faced south on Fennel Street and the Corn Exchange. The site was used as a car park until the regeneration of Manchester city centre. Manchester IRA bombing The Provisional IRA planted bombs on mainland British cities for thirty years. Manchester was targeted in the 1990s, which culminated in the Manchester IRA bombing on 15 June 1996. The bomb exploded on a Saturday morning while Manchester was hosting the 1996 UEFA European Football Championship and was the largest bombing on British soil. It created devastation for half a mile around the explosion site. The Marks and Spencer store was damaged beyond repair but nobody was killed. Regeneration After the 1996 bombing, the government, granted Manchester City Council several million pounds to redevelop the most damaged sites in the city. After an international competition, several architects were charged with creating an accessible open space linking St Ann’s Square to the cathedral. After the completion of the new Marks and Spencer flagship store (then the largest in the world) and the Urbis gallery, Cathedral Gardens was opened to the public. Manchester Arena bombing At around 22:35 on 22 May 2017 a bombing at the nearby Manchester Arena killed 22 people and injured at least 59. References
Catherington Down

Catherington Down is a 12.8-hectare (32-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Catherington in Hampshire. It is also a Local Nature Reserve This western sloping site is chalk grassland with prominent lynchet strips dating to the Middle Ages. It is managed by grazing and has a variety of chalk herbs, such as pyramidal orchid, round-headed rampion and autumn lady's-tresses. There is also a narrow belt of woodland. There is access by footpaths from Catherington Lane. References
Cattybrook brickworks

Cattybrook brickworks is a clay pit and brickworks near the village of Almondsbury in South Gloucestershire, England. It is operated by Ibstock plc. Two areas totalling 2.2 hectares (5.4 acres) within the brickpit are designated as Cattybrook Brickpit geological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The SSSI notification was made in 1989. History The Cattybrook Brick Company was established in 1864. In 1903, Cattybrook acquired the brickworks of Shortwood Brick and Tile Company in Pucklechurch. From 1972, they were taken over by the Ibstock Group. The brickworks are located immediately to the North of the Bristol and South Wales Union Railway, then under construction through the Severn Tunnel. By the end of 1883, the tunnel's enormous demand for bricks with which to line the tunnel was taking 100,000 bricks per month from Cattybrook. This was only a small proportion of the tunnel's need though and three other brickworks were supplying the tunnel, 1,200,000 per month in total. After completion of the tunnel, these brickworks and their masons were unemployed, leading to an over-supply of cheap bricks in the area and the first speculative housing developments in the new railway villages such as Rogiet and Pilning. Notable buildings and structures using Cattybrook bricks Notable buildings and structures built using Cattybrook bricks include Jacobs Wells Baths, a former public baths in Bristol Maidenhead Viaduct, a railway bridge across the River Thames in Maidenhead Montpelier High School, a girls secondary school in Bristol Severn Tunnel, a railway tunnel under the Severn Estuary between England and Wales The Granary, a distinctive building in Bristol built in the Bristol Byzantine style Merthyr Tydfil Town Hall, a municipal building W.D. & H.O. Wills tobacco factories in Bristol References
Cavalry and Guards Club

The Cavalry and Guards Club is a Private members' club, located in London at 127 Piccadilly, Its membership consists of current and former officers of Guards and Cavalry regiments of the British Army. It is situated next door to the Royal Air Force Club. History The club has three foundation dates: 1810, the foundation date of the Guards Club, which was based in Pall Mall. 1890, the foundation date of the Cavalry Club, which has always been based at its current location. 1975, the date when the two clubs merged. When the Cavalry Club first occupied the site in 1890, it was a proprietary club owned by an officer in the 20th Hussars, but five years later, ownership passed into the hands of its members and it became a members' club. They raised the funds to build an entirely new clubhouse, which was completed on the site in 1908. The work was carried out by the architect's firm Mewes and Davies. Edward VIII was known to spend a great deal of time in the Cavalry Club premises in the 1920s and 1930s, when he was Prince of Wales. King Abdullah of Jordan, the Sultan of Brunei and Prince William have also been members. The club narrowly avoided closure in 1987, when its landlord sold the premises on to a property developer, who planned to convert the building into apartments. This was averted through the membership raising the capital to buy the property for the club. See also List of private members clubs in London References External links The Cavalry and Guards Club website Further reading Thévoz, Seth Alexander (2025). London Clubland: A Companion for the Curious. London: Robinson/Little, Brown. ISBN 978-1472149985.