NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Pikestones

Die stark beschädigten Pikestones sind die Reste eines neolithischen Kammergrabes (englisch Chambered tomb) im Süden von Lancashire in England. Die Pikestones liegen auf dem Anglezarke Moor in den „West Pennine Moors“, östlich von Chorley und südwestlich des Great Hill und des Tumulus Round Loaf. Aus dieser Gegend ist nur noch ein weiteres Kammergrab bekannt, der „Great Urswick Long Barrow“ (südlich von Ulverston). Der Nord-Süd orientierte Cairn, von dem hauptsächlich die Pikestones übrig geblieben sind, war ursprünglich etwa 45,0 Meter lang und über 15,0 Meter breit. Die Reste der von dem etwa 0,4 m hohen Restcairn bedeckten Kammer, bestehend aus fünf 1,6 bis 2,0 m großen Sandsteinplatten, liegen am höheren Ende im Norden. Die Kammer bestand aus großen, aufrechten Tragsteinen die von zwei Deckenplatten bedeckt waren. Sie war etwa 4,5 m lang und 0,9 breit und hoch. Am nördlichen Rand des Cairns konnte eine nach innen gewölbte Doppelmauer ausgemacht werden, die zur Exedra eines Vorplatzes gehörte. Der Anlagentyp ist nicht genau bestimmbar. Literatur Frances Lynch: Megalithic Tombs and Long Barrows in Britain (= Shire Archaeology. 73). Shire Archaeology, Princes Risborough 1997, ISBN 0-7478-0341-2. Jürgen E. Walkowitz: Das Megalithsyndrom. Europäische Kultplätze der Steinzeit (= Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas. Bd. 36). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2003, ISBN 3-930036-70-3. Weblinks Beschreibung engl. und Bilder Beschreibung engl. und Bild Video
Pikestones

Pikestones is the remains of a Neolithic Burial Cairn, located on Anglezarke moor in Lancashire, England. The site is approximately 150 feet (45 metres) long and 60 feet (18 metres) across at its widest point. It consisted of one burial chamber constructed of large upright slabs, capped by two lintel slabs, forming a chamber of 15 feet (4.5 metres) long, 3 feet (0.9 metres) wide and 3 feet (0.9 metres) high, covered by a huge mound of stones and turves. The cairn was aligned almost exactly North-South, with the burial chamber under the wider northern end. At the northern edge of the cairn, a double wall could be made out, curving inwards to form an entrance to a forecourt. Today the cairn has been badly robbed and the main features are the five large gritstone slabs, the remains of the burial chamber. Surprisingly, evidence suggests [which evidence] that the bodies were not interred directly in the tomb, but were left outside, perhaps at the entrance to the cairn, for birds and wild animals to consume the flesh and then, probably after elaborate ceremonies, the bones were placed inside the chamber. Pikestones is the earliest man-made structure in the area and only one other chambered tomb has been found in Lancashire. The monument must have taken an immense amount of labour to construct and like most long barrows was erected in a prominent position, located on a ridge at a height of just over 900 feet (276 metres). This gave the Neolithic builders excellent views, and made the structure visible from a wide area of the Lancashire plain, perhaps warning other people that the land belonged to the builders. See also Round Loaf Scheduled monuments in Lancashire References "Pikestones". Megalithic Portal. External links Pikestones page on The Modern Antiquarian
Pillaton Hall Gatehouse

Pillaton Hall Gatehouse é tudo o que resta do medieval Pillaton Hall, correspondendo à antiga portaria quatrocentista daquele palácio rural situado nas proximidades de Penkridge, no Staffordshire, Inglaterra. É um Monumento Antigo Classificado (Scheduled Ancient Monument) e um listed building com o Grau II*. História A família Littleton, mais tarde Baronetes Littleton, adquiriram a propriedade de Pillaton como resultado do casamento, no século XV, de Richard Littleton com Alice Winesbury, a herdeira de Pillaton Hall. O solar com fosso, construído em volta dum pátio quadrangular, constituído por aposentos residenciais e um Grande Salão (Great Hall) para sul, e uma enfiada da cozinha para oeste, tinha acesso pela Portaria (o que resta actualmente) na parte sul. A Portaria, de dois andares, eleva-se a três no centro, sendo encimada por quatro torretas de esquina abobadadas. Ligada à Portaria, para leste, fica a capela antigamente dedicada a São Modwen. Os Littleton abandonaram o palácio enquanto residência em meados do século XVIII, tendo construído um outro edifício, Teddesley Hall (demolido em 1954) nas proximidades. O velho palácio negligenciado estava em ruínas em 1799, mas a Portaria e a Capela sobreviveram e foram restauradas na década de 1880 por Lorde Hatherton. Referências The Gatehouse Gazetteer A History of the County of Staffordshire Volume 5 (1959) pp 103-126 tirado da British History Online Fotografias no Staffordshire Past-Track Imagens de Inglaterra - Pillaton Old Hall
Pilsbury Castle

Pilsbury Castle ist eine abgegangene Höhenburg bei Pilsbury in der englischen Grafschaft Derbyshire über dem River Dove. Details Pilsbury Castle bedeckte eine Fläche von etwa 160 Meter × 137 Meter auf erhöhtem Gelände in der Nähe des Dorfes Pilsbury. Die Burg war wohl ursprünglich eine Befestigung aus der Eisenzeit, bevor sie von den Normannen genutzt wurde. Tatsächlich setzt sich der Name „Pilsbury Castle“ aus dem keltischen Pil, dem angelsächsischen Bury und dem normannischen Castel zusammen, die allesamt im Deutschen „befestigter Standort“ bedeuten. Im Frühmittelalter lag das Gelände am River Dove Routeway und sicherte auch eine wichtige Wegkreuzung. Die Normannen bauten eine große Motte auf dem Gelände und es gibt verschiedene Meinungen darüber, wann sie dies taten. Eine Theorie geht davon aus, dass die Burg in den Jahren unmittelbar nach der Eroberung Englands errichtet wurde. Die Gegend um Pilsbury gab König Wilhelm der Eroberer Henry de Ferrers zu Lehen. Diese Gegend wurde beim Harrying of the North verwüstet und Henry de Ferrers könnte die Burg kurz danach gebaut haben, um die Kontrolle über das Gebiet wieder sicherzustellen. De Ferrers ließ auch noch weitere Burgen erbauen, z. B. Tutbury Castle und Duffield Castle, was Pilsbury Castle zu einem Teil dieser Gruppe von Verteidigungsanlagen aus dem 11. Jahrhundert machte. Eine alternative Theorie besagt, dass die Burg auf Geheiß von Robert de Ferrers oder dessen Vater während des Bürgerkrieges der Anarchie erbaut wurde. Während die De Ferrers König Stephan unterstützten, schlug sich ihr Nachbar, Ranulph de Gernon, 2. Earl of Chester, auf die Seite von Kaiserin Matilda. Die Burg selbst besteht aus einem Mound und zwei Burghöfen mit Seitenlängen von etwa 40 bzw. 45 Metern. Die Burg scheint in den Folgejahren wieder aufgegeben worden zu sein; es kann aber auch sein, dass sie nach der Beteiligung von William de Ferrers, 3. Earl of Derby, an der Revolte von 1173–1174 zerstört wurde oder dass sie aufgegeben wurde, als das umliegende Land an das Herzogtum Lancaster überging, nachdem Robert de Ferrers, 6. Earl of Derby, enteignet worden war. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass die Burg nicht mehr benötigt wurde, weil das nahegelegene Hartington an Bedeutung gewann und das Dorf Pilsbury zunehmend entvölkert wurde. Im 20. Jahrhundert sah man nur noch wenig von der Burg; ein Mound auf einem Felsvorsprung aus Kalkstein und die Überbleibsel verschiedener Erdwerke waren die einzigen Spuren. Zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts wurden bei archäologischen Untersuchungen die Fundamente der Burg entdeckt. Das Gelände gilt als Scheduled Monument. Einzelnachweise
Pilsbury Castle

Pilsbury Castle was a Norman castle in Derbyshire near the present-day village of Pilsbury, overlooking the River Dove. Details Pilsbury Castle occupied an area of high ground approximately 175 by 150 yards (160 by 137 m) overlooking the River Dove, near the village of Pilsbury. The castle was probably originally an Iron Age fortification before being used by the Normans, and the name "Pilsbury Castle" forms from the Celtic pil, the Saxon bury and the Norman castel, all meaning "fortified site". In early medieval times, the site would have been located along the River Dove routeway, and would also have overlooked a key crossing point. The Normans built a substantial motte-and-bailey castle on the site, and several theories have been put forward as to when and who did so. One theory is that the castle was built in the years following the Norman conquest of England. The area around Pilsbury was granted to Henry de Ferrers by King William; the area was devastated during the harrying of the North, and the castle may have been built in the aftermath by Henry to establish control. Henry built other castles at Tutbury and Duffield, making Pilsbury part of this set of 11th-century fortifications. An alternative suggestion is that it was built by Robert de Ferrers or his father, around the period known as The Anarchy for, while the de Ferrers supported Stephen of England, the neighbouring Earl of Chester supported Empress Matilda. The castle itself includes a motte and two bailey enclosures, approximately 40 metres (130 ft) and 45 metres (148 ft) across respectively. It had timber defences, ditches and additional flanking earthworks. The castle appears to have been abandoned in subsequent years, and it may be that it was destroyed after William de Ferrers' part in the Revolt of 1173–74, or it might have become abandoned when the land passed to the Duchy of Lancaster after the sixth Earl was dispossessed. Alternatively, it may simply have become redundant as nearby Hartington grew in importance and the village of Pilsbury became increasingly depopulated. By the 20th century, there was little to see except for a mound on a limestone outcrop and the remains of various earthworks. At the beginning of the present century, however, archaeological surveys revealed the foundations of the castle. The site is a Scheduled Ancient Monument. See also Castles in Great Britain and Ireland List of castles in England References Bibliography Cox, J. C. "Ancient Earthworks," in Page (ed) (1905). Landon, N., P. Ash, A. Payne, and G. Phillips (2006) "Pilsbury: A Forgotten Castle," Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, Vol 126. pp 82‑102. doi:10.5284/1066652 Page, William. (ed) (1905) The Victoria History of the County of Derby, vol. 1. London: James Street. Turbutt, G. (1999) A History of Derbyshire. Volume 2: Medieval Derbyshire. Cardiff: Merton Priory Press. External links Pilsbury Castle website
Castelo de Pilsbury

O Castelo de Pilsbury era um castelo normando localizado em Derbyshire, perto da atual vila de Pilsbury, com vista para o rio Dove. Detalhes O Castelo de Pilsbury ocupava uma área elevada de aproximadamente 175 por 150 jardas (160 por 137m), com vista para o rio Dove, perto da vila de Pilsbury. O castelo era, provavelmente, uma fortificação da Idade do Ferro, antes de ser usado pelos normandos. E o nome "Castelo de Pilsbury" deriva do "pil" celta, do "bury" saxão e do "castel" normando, significando "local fortificado". No início da era medieval, o castelo estaria localizado ao longo da rota do rio Dove e também daria vista a uma importante rota de passagem. Os normandos construíram um respeitável castelo do tipo "motte e balley" no local, e várias teorias foram apresentadas sobre quando e quem o fez. Uma delas é a de que o castelo fora construído nos anos subsequentes à conquista normanda da Inglaterra. A área ao redor de Pilsbury foi concedida a Henry de Ferrers pelo rei William; a área foi devastada durante o saque do Norte, e o castelo pode ter sido construído na sequência, por Henry, para estabelecer controle. Henry construiu outros castelos em Tutbury e Duffield, tornando Pilsbury parte desse conjunto de fortificações do século XI. Uma teoria alternativa sugere que tenha sido construído por Robert de Ferrers, ou pelo seu pai, no período conhecido como "A Anarquia", pois, enquanto os Ferrers apoiavam Stephen da Inglaterra, o vizinho, Conde de Chester, apoiava a Imperatriz Matilda. O castelo em si inclui uma colina e dois recintos do tipo bailey, de aproximadamente 40 e 45 metros de diâmetro, respectivamente. Tinha defesas de madeira, valas e outras obras de terraplanagem. O castelo parece ter sido abandonado nos anos seguintes, e é possível que tenha sido destruído após a participação de William de Ferrers na Revolta de 1173-74. Ou pode ter sido abandonado quando as terras passaram para o Ducado de Lancaster, depois de o sexto Conde ter sido desapossado. Como tese alternativa, o castelo pode, simplesmente, ter se tornado obsoleto, à medida que Hartington, nas proximidades, crescia em importância, e a vila de Pilsbury se tornava cada vez mais despovoada. No século XX, restou pouco para se ver, exceto um monte em uma saliência de calcário e os restos de vários trabalhos de terraplenagem. No início do presente século, porém, pesquisas arqueológicas revelaram as fundações do castelo. O local é tido como um monumento marcado. Ver também Lista de castelos na Inglaterra Referências Bibliografia Cox, J. C. "Ancient Earthworks," in Page (ed) (1905). Landon, N., P. Ash, A. Payne, and G. Phillips (2006) "Pilsbury: A Forgotten Castle," Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, Vol 126. pp 82‑102. Page, William. (ed) (1905) The Victoria History of the County of Derby, vol. 1. London: James Street. Turbutt, G. (1999) A History of Derbyshire. Volume 2: Medieval Derbyshire. Cardiff: Merton Priory Press. Ligações externas Site do Castelo de Pilsbury
Pilsbury Castle Hills

Pilsbury Castle Hills är ett slott i Storbritannien. Det ligger i grevskapet Derbyshire och riksdelen England, i den södra delen av landet, 220 km nordväst om huvudstaden London. Pilsbury Castle Hills ligger 253 meter över havet. Terrängen runt Pilsbury Castle Hills är varierad. Pilsbury Castle Hills ligger nere i en dal. Närmaste större samhälle är Buxton, 10,9 km nordväst om Pilsbury Castle Hills. Trakten runt Pilsbury Castle Hills består i huvudsak av gräsmarker. Kommentarer Källor
Pinchbeck Engine

The Pinchbeck Engine is a drainage engine, a rotative beam engine built in 1833 to drain Pinchbeck Marsh, to the north of Spalding, Lincolnshire, in England. Until it was shut down in 1952, the engine discharged into the Blue Gowt which joins the River Glen at Surfleet Seas End. Museum In 1952 the engine was rendered obsolete by modern electric pumps and stood forgotten until being opened to the public as a museum in 1979. The coal store was cleared and now houses the associated Museum of Land Drainage. The museum complex includes the blacksmith's shop, still in its original condition. The museum is operated by the Welland and Deepings Internal Drainage Board, successors to the commissioners who erected the engine. The buildings are Grade II listed and also a Scheduled Ancient Monument. The chimney was demolished in 1952, and no actions were taken to preserve the boiler, which is no longer in a fit state to be used. The engine is a static exhibit, which can be rotated by an electric motor for demonstration purposes. Beam engine The engine is a 20 horsepower (15 kW) condensing steam engine with an overhead beam supported by an 'A'-frame. It was built by the Butterley Company of Ripley, Derbyshire. It has a single cylinder of 35 inches (89 cm) bore and 56 inches (1.42 m) stroke. The flywheel is 18 feet 6 inches (5.64 m) in diameter. The engine ran at up to 30 rpm. The engine is gear-coupled to a single scoop wheel in an adjacent compartment. There are 40 paddles around the circumference of the 22-foot (6.71 m) wheel, which could lift a maximum of 7,500 imperial gallons (34,000 L) of water per minute through an 8-foot (2.44 m) lift. The annual effort varied between 1,093,000 long tons (1,111,000 t) tons of water lifted, and 3,690,000 long tons (3,749,000 t). Typically the engine was operated for around 180 days a year and an engine man was permanently retained, living on the site. The boiler dates from 1895 and is a twin furnace Lancashire boiler, delivering 12 psi (83 kPa). It consumed around 1 cwt (51 kg) of coal per hour. Coal supplies were originally brought by barge, but after the land was successfully drained a railway line was laid from Spalding to Boston, and coals were delivered to a nearby goods facility. They were then transported on a very short narrow gauge railway line in colliery-style tubs. The motive power for this appears to have been human. One of the tubs and a metre or so of line is displayed at the museum. The engine is said to be the earliest 'A'-frame engine still in situ, the longest-working beam engine in the Fens, and the last in use. See also Pode Hole where the Welland and Deeping IDB have another museum. Dogdyke Pumping Station Stretham Old Engine References External links Welland and Deeping IDB: Pinchbeck Engine Museum- official site Map of the location from the Listed Building database
Pioneer Point

Pioneer Point is a pair of tall buildings in the Ilford area of London, United Kingdom. It is owned by Canadian Real Estate investors, RealStar. Pioneer Point North is 105 metres (344 feet) tall with 33 floors and Pioneer Point South is 82 metres (269 feet) tall with 25 floors. The mixed-use building contains residential units, a public gym, which occupies the second floor, and a restaurant. The buildings feature a lighting installation that displays daily video content with various colors, shapes, speeds, and directions. Pioneer Point opened in 2011 on the site of the former Pioneer Market. See also Tall buildings in London References
Pioneer Point

O Pioneer Point é um par de arranha-céus no bairro Ilford em Londres. Pioneer Point North possui 105 metros de altura com 33 pisos e o Pioneer Point South possui 82 metros de altura com 25 pisos. Uma loja EasyGym ocupa o segundo andar, um restaurante localiza-se no primeiro andar e o restante será usado para vendas residenciais. Referências
Pipers Corner School

Pipers Corner School is a private day school for girls in Great Kingshill, Buckinghamshire, England. There are 605 pupils aged from 4 to 18 years. The school is an educational charitable trust administered by a board of governors. There are three age groups: pre-prep for 4 to 7 years old; prep for 7–11; and senior for 11–18. History The school was first established in 1930 by Miss Jessie Cross as the Old Vicarage School, Richmond. It moved to Prestwood Lodge, Buckinghamshire during The Blitz on London in the Second World War and officially opened at the present site on 23 March 1946, after the purchase of the Pipers Corner property in July 1945. The school started with 11 girls in Grove Park in Chiswick in 1930, moving to Richmond Hill in 1931 and splitting between two sites in 1935, the second being Prestwood in Buckinghamshire. The school finally settled in its current site in the winter of 1945. By 1955 there were 162 girls attending the school. The current Headmistress is Helen Ness-Gifford. Notable alumni Ana Mulvoy-Ten, Actress E. L. James, Author Kelly Osbourne Harley Bird, Actress References External links School Website Profile on the ISC website Profile at MyDaughter Department for Education Performance Tables 2011
Pipers Island

Pipers Island oder auch Piper’s Island ist eine Insel in der Themse flussaufwärts des Caversham Lock. Die Insel liegt nahe dem Zentrum von Reading an der Caversham Bridge. Pipers Island wird ganz von einem Pub und Restaurant mit dem Namen The Island sowie von einem Bootsanleger für einen angeschlossenen Bootsverleih und Flusschifffahrtsbetrieb eingenommen. Pipers Island kann nur zu Fuß über eine kurze Verbindungsbrücke von der Mitte der Caversham Bridge erreicht werden. Siehe auch Liste der Inseln in der Themse Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Pipers Island

Pipers Island, or Piper's Island, is the third-smallest map-named island in the River Thames, in England. It is on the Reading, Berkshire reach (the head of water above Caversham Lock). It is toward the edge of the central urban area of the town of Reading and connected by a gangway to Caversham Bridge, a road and pedestrian bridge that links that town to its left bank suburb of Caversham. Use Pipers Island has been hard-landscaped into a public house and restaurant, The Island, the surrounding decking of which is shared for restaurant use and moorings for boats. The area is used for a boat hire and by larger vessels running hourly cruises during the Summer months. The banks of the island are today sheet metal topped with wooden decking. A protective rail guards the lower and somewhat smaller upper decks of the restaurant, which are similar in design. Access The ait is the third-smallest of those named on official maps of the Thames. Maps show it has clearly approximately kept its footprint measurement of 0.147 acres (590 m2) shortly before the year 1900, though the few rounded corners of its then-boathouse use have been neatly squared since the restaurant's opening. It is accessed on foot by a footbridge and staircase (also known together as a gangway) that connects the island to the centre of Caversham Bridge. The smallest island with vehicular access on the river is almost double its size, Swan Island, London which is in Twickenham. Family owners within the Livery Company of Watermen and Lightermen It is known that in 1766 the Firework Ait, Windsor was likewise called Piper's Eyot and had another name before its later renaming. Guinea Piper was a celebrated waterman at the time. One of Eton College's longboats was named after him - My Guinea's Lion. Another, Piper's Green was named after one of his watermen brothers Richard (known as Dick) or James (known as Jack) Piper and this eyot later came into the family's ownership where they plied a local boat repair trade. Location The ait is toward the edge of the central urban area of the town of Reading and connected by a gangway attached to the middle of the downstream stone balustrade of Caversham Bridge, a road bridge that links that town to its left bank suburb of Caversham, its closer bank. See also Islands in the River Thames References External links Media related to Pipers Island at Wikimedia Commons Island Bar and Restaurant web site
Pitshill

Pitshill is a Grade II* listed house built in the neoclassical style and is located within the parish of Tillington, West Sussex, England, a couple of miles west of Petworth. Begun by William Mitford in 1760 on the site of an earlier house it was completed by his son, also William, in 1794. It is considered to be one of the most important country houses in West Sussex. History The rectangular house of two storeys with an attic and basement has a main east-facing façade built in 1760 to a design by John Upton, the Petworth Estate surveyor. It is built in limestone ashlar with a rusticated ground floor and a balustraded parapet over the side portions. The remaining elevations are brick and render decorated to match the east front and were constructed in the 1790s to plans influenced but not completed by Sir John Soane. Further substantial works were carried out to the house in the 1830s, as well as the later 19th-century additions of a veranda and conservatory, these being removed in the 1950s leaving a classical style rectangular building. Following prolonged negotiations over rerouting a public footpath and bridleway that crossed the estate, the house was restored under the ownership of Charles Pearson, who initiated a seven-year restoration programme beginning in 2010. The project involved significant structural work, including underpinning, reconstruction, and architectural enhancements. The restoration culminated in the property receiving a Georgian Group Award in 2017. Other listed buildings The main house is augmented by two 19th-century lodges, an 1840s stable block, a shell house, probably late 18th century, all Grade II listed and standing within a Grade II listed park. in addition there is an ice house, also probably 18th century, and a late 19th-century tower. Access A public bridleway and public footpaths through the park provide access. See also Grade II* listed buildings in West Sussex References