NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Mentmore Towers

Mentmore Towers è il nome di una casa di campagna dell'omonimo villaggio del Buckinghamshire, in Inghilterra. Le Mentmore Towers si trovano nell'Aylesbury Vale, a 10 km a nord-est della cittadina omonima e a 5 km a sud di Leighton Buzzard. Ispirata alle architetture elisabettiana e giacobiana e alla Wollaton Hall di Nottingham, l'edificio occupa una superficie di 42.500 m², confermandosi così tra i più imponenti esempi di epoca vittoriana. Gli interni delle Mentmore Towers sono ispirati all'architettura rinascimentale italiana; un tempo erano arredate con mobili in stile francese di fine Settecento ricchi di dorature. Storia Le Mentmore Towers vennero commissionate dal banchiere e collezionista d'arte Mayer Amschel de Rothschild a Joseph Paxton (il futuro progettista del celebre Crystal Palace) e il suo genero George Henry Stokes. Primo di una serie di edifici fatti costruire dai Rotschild nella Vale of Aylesbury, le Mentmore Towers vennero edificate tra il 1852 e il 1854. Quando Mayer Amschel morì nel 1874, la magione passò alla figlia Hannah de Rothschild; nel 1878, in seguito al suo matrimonio con Archibald Primrose, quest'ultimo fece estendere i giardini a sud dell'edificio collegandoli al parco e creò una serie di giardini nella zona est. Intorno al 1900 furono inaugurate delle aree verdi e due nuovi alloggi. Durante la seconda guerra mondiale, furono custoditi nella tenuta la Gold State Coach e opere della National Portrait Gallery. Nel 1977 i Primrose vendettero le Mentmore Towers all'asta da Sotheby's. Negli anni novanta venne inaugurato un campo da golf nel parco. Nel 1999 si tentò senza successo di convertire l'edificio in un albergo di lusso. Oggi le Mentmore Towers sono in stato di abbandono. Nel cinema Nelle Mentmore Towers sono state girate varie pellicole cinematografiche, tra cui Brazil (1985), Eyes Wide Shut (1999), La mummia - Il ritorno (2001), Ali G (2002), Johnny English (2003) e Batman Begins (2005). Note Bibliografia (EN) Michael Hall, Waddesdon Manor, Harry N Abrams, 2002. (EN) Michael Hall, The Victorian Country House, from the archives of Country Life, Aurum Press, 2009. (EN) Yale, The Victorian Country House, Yale, 1978. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file sulle Mentmore Towers Collegamenti esterni
Замок Ментмор

Замок Ментмор (англ. Mentmore Towers) — английское загородное поместье XIX в., построенное между 1851 и 1854 году для семьи Ротшильдов в деревне Ментмор в Бакингемшире. Здание спроектировали архитектор Джозеф Пакстон и его зять Джордж Генри Стоукс в стиле Якобинского Возрождения Заказчиком был Майер Амшель Ротшильд. Церемония закладки первого камня в основание здания прошла 31 декабря 1851 года, камень заложила дочь барона Ханна, которой на тот момент было 6 месяцев. Ротшильд подарил поместье Ханне, после её брака с Арчибальдом Розбери дом стал принадлежать семье Розбери. Поместье считалось одним из самых роскошных домов Викторианской эпохи. Ментмор стал первым поместьем Ротшильдов в Эйлсбери-Вейл. Барон Майер де Ротшильд приобрёл поместье в 1850 году за £12,400. Поместье стало также самым большим владением Ротшильдов в Англии. Позже появились другие поместья семьи: в Тринге в Хартфордшире, Аскотте, Астоне, Клинтоне, Уоддесдоне и Халтоне. К 1944 году большая часть парка вокруг поместья была продана, но оно оставалось в собственности семьи до 1977 года. В сентябре 1951 года Ментмор был включён в национальный каталог объектов национального достояния (National Heritage List for England). В 1976 году лорд Розбери предложил Национальному фонду приобрести поместье за £2 миллиона, однако, сделка не состоялась. В 1977 году состоялся знаменитый аукцион дома Sotheby, во время которого была продана большая часть картин и предметов из коллекции поместья . Среди проданого имущества были картины Томаса Гейнсборо и Джошуа Рейнольдса, а также мебель Томаса Чиппендейла. Само поместье перешло в собственность Maharishi Foundation, основанную Махариши Махеш Йоги. В 1999 году оно было продано инвестору Симону Халаби, который планировал превратить замок в шестизвёздочный отель, но обанкротился в 2009 году. По состоянию на 2020 год, поместье находилось в запустении, на территории поместья функционировал гольф-клуб, открытый Халаби в 1992 году. Замок в кино На территории поместья снимались «Бразилия» (1985) Терри Гиллиама, «Поток» (1989) Стивена Лисбергера, сцена оргии участников тайного общества в фильме «С широко закрытыми глазами» Стэнли Кубрика (1999), «Перо маркиза де Сада» (2000) Филипа Кауфмана, «Мумия возвращается» (2001) Стивена Соммерса, «Ali G Indahouse» (2002) Марка Майлода и «Агент Джонни Инглиш» (2003). Поместье также было показано в фильме «Бэтмен: Начало» Кристофера Нолана в качестве поместья Уэйна и фильме Бесконечность (2021) Антуана Фукуа в качестве резиденции Батерста. См. также Упадок английских загородных домов Литература Michael Hall. Поместье Уоддесон = Waddesdon Manor (англ.). — New York: Harry N Abrams, 2002. — P. 16. — ISBN 0-8109-3239-3. Примечания
Fountains Mill

Fountains Mill, sometimes known as Abbey Mill, is a historic building at Fountains Abbey, a World Heritage Site in North Yorkshire, in England. The watermill was built in the 1130s or 1140s on a leet from the River Skell, as a corn mill for the abbey. It originally had a single wheel at the southern end, but it was rebuilt in the 1150s atop a dam, with a wheel at each end. In the 13th century, the upper storey was added, to serve as a granary. The Abbey closed in 1539 with the Dissolution of the Monasteries, following which the north end was demolished and replaced with a new single-storey section. The mill continued in use, and in 1840 was converted into a sawmill, the current waterwheel being installed at this time. In 1928 a turbine was installed to convert the building to the production of electricity. The mill closed in 1937, and the building then served various uses including refugee accommodation and a stonemason's workshop. It was restored in 1993 for use as a museum and exhibition space. It is the most substantial Cistercian mill to survive. The building has been grade I listed since 1986, and is also a scheduled monument. The mill is built of gritstone with a stone slate roof, and has three stories and five bays, and a two-storey two-bay extension to the north. On the east front is a round-arched doorway, other round-arched openings and four stepped buttresses. The west front has similar openings and an attached wheelhouse. On the left return are external steps leading to a round-arched doorway with a chamfered surround, and in both returns are square-headed windows. See also Grade I listed buildings in North Yorkshire (district) Listed buildings in Lindrick with Studley Royal and Fountains References
Church of St Mary Magdalene and St Andrew, Ridlington

The Church of St Mary Magdalene and St Andrew is the Church of England parish church in Ridlington, Rutland. It is a Grade II* listed building. History The church is dedicated to St Mary Magdalene and to St Andrew. The church is 13th century but there was probably an older Anglo-Saxon one pre-occupying the spot. The church underwent a major Victorian restoration in 1860. The church has a Jacobean memorial to James Harington (1542–1614) and his wife facing each other, praying in a kneeling position. Over the vestry door in the south aisle, is a Norman tympanum. Before the 1860 restoration, it was in two pieces in the external south wall of the chancel. The tympanum features a winged gryphon and a lion fighting with an 8-spoked wheel beneath. References {
St Eustachius' Church, Tavistock

St Eustachius' Church, Tavistock is a Grade II* listed parish church in the Church of England Diocese of Exeter in Tavistock, Devon. History The church was established on this site as early as 1193 but certainly by 1265. Abbot Robert Champeaux of Tavistock Abbey rebuilt it in 1318. There was further building work in 1352 and 1380. It was largely rebuilt in the 15th century when a new chancel was added at the east end. The south aisle was added between 1445 and 1447 as a bequest from Constance Coffyn. There was a major restoration between 1844 and 1845 by the architect John Hayward when the Caen stone pulpit by Knight of Exeter, a new reading desk, an oak organ screen and carved pew ends were added. The gallery was removed. A new organ bay in the north aisle was added, along with vestries south of the chancel. It reopened for worship on 26 June 1845. In 1896 the font was moved to the west end of the south aisle. Another restoration was undertaken in 1902–03. The choir stalls were removed from the chancel and new marble flooring was installed. The nave and aisles were re-floored and the roofs were overhauled when rubs and wall plates were made good, and new figures of angels restored to the positions occupied previously by similar figures. New brass lighting pendants were suspended from the roof and the seating was re-spaced. The contractor was J.A. Dennis of Tavistock, and the architect George Fellowes Prynne. The new reredos with riddels (curtains) to the design of A.S. Parker was carved by J.R. Hunt and dedicated on 19 May 1929. Vicars Organ The first mention of an organ is in 1538/9 when it was noted that repairs were needed. By the 1790s there was a barrel organ in a gallery. In 1802 this was replaced, and the 1802 organ was replaced in 1825. The current organ was built by J.W. Walker and Sons. It was opened by Samuel Sebastian Wesley on 25 June 1846. The carved statues on the organ case were added in 1879. There were later modifications and additions by Hele and Company of Plymouth and Lance Foy which has resulted in a three manual organ with 51 stops. A specification of the organ can be found in the National Pipe Organ Register. Organists Initially the salary of the organist was funded by the Duke of Bedford, but by 1875 the salary had reached £61 10s per annum (equivalent to £6,100 in 2025) and Francis Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford decided it was time for the congregation to fund it. At the time, the pew rents generated £120 per annum, with expenses of running the church at £118 per annum. Samuel Sebastian Wesley 1846 John Frederick Thynne 1846 - 1877 Alexander Luke Vingoe 1877 - 1878 Charles John Vincent 1878 - 1883 (formerly organist of St Mark's Church, Sunderland, afterwards organist of Christ Church, Hampstead) John Tomlinson 1883 - 1906 William Clotworthy 1907 - 1942 (formerly organist of St Mary Magdalene's Church, Launceston) Harold Charles Lake 1942 - 1956 Bells The tower contains a peal of 10 bells The eight bells of 1925 by John Taylor and Company of Loughborough were expanded to 10 in 1998 by the addition of two new bells by the same founder. References
A Királyi Tüzérség búr háborús emlékműve

A Királyi Tüzérség búr háborús emlékműve (Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial) Londonban a The Mall déli oldalán áll. Azoknak a brit tüzéreknek állít emléket, akik Dél-Afrikában, a második búr háborúban vesztették életüket 1899-1902-ben. Története Az emlékmű szárnyas nőalakja a békét testesíti meg, miközben megzabolázza a háborút reprezentáló lovat. A bronzfigurákat William Robert Colton készítette. A szobrok portlandi mészkő posztamensen állnak, amely Sir Aston Webb munkája. A háttérben álló íves fal két oszlopban végződik, amelyeken bronztáblákon az elesett tüzérek nevét tüntették fel. A posztamensen futó dombormű háborús jelenetet örökít meg. Az emlékművön a következő mondat olvasható: A Királyi Tüzérség tisztjei és katonái állították megbecsült halottaik emlékére. Az emlékművet Artúr, V. György brit király nagybátyja, Connaught hercege leplezte le 1910-ben. Jegyzetek Források ↑ Royal Parks: South African Royal Artillery Memorial. The Royal Parks. 2022. január 16. dátummal az eredeti címről archiválva. Hozzáférés: 2022. január 16.. : More than one of |accessdate= és |access-date= specified (súgó); More than one of |archivedate= és |archive-date= specified (súgó); More than one of |archiveurl= és |archive-url= specified (súgó)
Old Combined Boathouse

The Old Combined Boathouse is a Grade II listed historic building on the River Cam, Cambridge, England. Built in 1958, it serves as the boathouse for Girton, Sidney Sussex, Corpus Christi, and Wolfson college boat clubs. When built, Old Combined was the first combined college boathouse in Cambridge. The adjective 'old' being in reference to the New Combined Boathouse, further downstream, the current iteration of which was completed in 2016. Unlike some other college boathouses, Old Combined does not contain an ergometer room or a place to display or store trophies or blades, the Official List Entry instead describing the first floor changing rooms as 'spartan'. In the 1980s, two wings were added to the ground floor structure, in part to hold Wolfson's boats. As with many Cambridge boathouses, the arms of the colleges are displayed on the outside, between the concertina doors. Four flag-poles fly the respective college or boat club flags on the days of the Lent or May Bumps. Old Combined sits between the boathouses of Trinity Hall and Newnham, upstream and downstream respectively, near the similarly listed Goldie Boat House of the Cambridge University Boat Club. References
Apsley House, Swindon

Apsley House is a 19th-century house in Swindon, England, standing on the north side of Bath Road in what is now known as the Old Town. It was built c.1830–1840 and faced in ashlar Bath stone, and has a shallow porch over the central entrance, in the style of a Doric portico. The house has two storeys at the front and three at the rear; a modernist extension was added to the right in 1963–1964, extending along Victoria Road above a row of shops. The house was for a long time the home and business headquarters of the Toomer family, who ran a local coke and coal business. From 1930 until 2021 it housed the Swindon Museum and Art Gallery but the museum vacated the building and the house was put up for sale when its owners, Swindon Borough Council, decided it was no longer suitable and required major repairs. Apsley House was designated as Grade II listed in 1951. Julian Orbach, updating Nikolaus Pevsner's Wiltshire volume in 2021, calls it a "good ashlar villa". References
Old Town Hall, Swindon

The Old Town Hall, also known as The Locarno or Locarno Ballroom, is a former municipal building of 1854 in the High Street, Swindon, Wiltshire, England. It is a Grade II listed building. History Until the construction of the town hall on the High Street, the town council had met in the Goddard Arms on the High Street. This small pub had been owned by the Goddard family since 1621 and was a small cottage alehouse known as the Crown until 1820. The Goddard Arms was used for public meetings in the early 19th century and was used in this way by Ambrose Goddard to report progress on the Wilts & Berks Canal. The town hall was designed by Sampson Sage and E Robertson in the neoclassical style, built in ashlar stone by a local builder, George Major, and was completed in 1854. The main frontage has five bays separated by full-height Tuscan order pilasters, with arched windows on the ground floor, casement windows on the first floor and a pediment and roof lantern above. The building was extended to the northeast with a tower, as well as accommodation for a corn exchange at ground floor level, to the designs of Wilson and Willcox of Bath in 1866. A wine store was built on an adjoining site and its upper hall was used as a magistrates' court from 1871 to 1891. After civic functions transferred to the new town hall in 1891, the building became a roller skating rink in 1910, and a cinema known as the Rink in 1919. After the Second World War it was refurbished and re-opened as the Locarno Dance Hall. Performers at the dance hall included the singer, Cilla Black, in April 1964, followed by the rock bands, The Yardbirds in July 1964, The Who in October 1965, The Small Faces in November 1965 and Fleetwood Mac in November 1968. After the last concert was held in 1970, the building served as a bingo hall but became vacant in the mid-1980s. The building was acquired by bar owner, Gael Mackenzie, in 1999. Major fires occurred in the building in May 2003 and again in May 2004. In November 2016, Swindon council entered into a development agreement with Swindon Corn Exchange Limited, a business managed by housebuilder, Steve Rosier, under which Rosier agreed to pursue a development on the site. However, after no progress was made with the development and the building continued to decay, the Victorian Society added the structure to its list of most endangered buildings in September 2019. The council also threatened to use a compulsory purchase order to re-acquire the property in January 2020. References
Young Gallery

The Young Gallery is an art gallery in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. The gallery's collections include those from Edgar Barclay, John Creasey, Mick Maslen, Robin Tanner, and Edwin Young. It also has temporary exhibitions. The gallery is a free art museum in central Salisbury. It is housed on the first floor of Salisbury Library and holds a collection of over 4,000 objects, including books, paintings, prints, photographs, and sculptures. The collection started with over 300 watercolour paintings of scenes of Salisbury and the surrounding area by Edwin Young, after whom the gallery is named. The gallery has since acquired watercolours by artists of various periods. In addition, the gallery has around 2,000 books in more than 20 languages, as well as book jacket designs, manuscripts, and ephemera related to the crime/thriller novelist John Creasey in the 1970s. The collection has expanded to include a collection of artwork and prints. It contains original works by Edgar Barclay, William Goldsmith, Robin Tanner, as well as prints by the English artists John Constable, David Hockney, Henry Moore, and J. M. W. Turner. In 2024, the former Edwin Young Collection and the John Creasey Museum were merged to allow the Young Gallery to renew its accreditation with Arts Council England. References External links Young Gallery website Supporters of the Young Gallery website
All Saints' Church, Gosforth

All Saints’ Church, Gosforth is a Church of England (Anglican) parish church in the suburb of Gosforth, which lies to the north of the City of Newcastle upon Tyne. All Saints’ is part of the Diocese of Newcastle and within the Newcastle Central Deanery. It has served the community of Gosforth since being consecrated in 1887. Alongside the church building is an Edwardian church hall, a garden of remembrance and church green. History Various historians have indicated that the parish church of St. Nicholas in South Gosforth was built on the remains of a Saxon Church and is the earliest church in the district. In 1882, the Revd Frederick Wood Bindley, the new vicar of St. Nicholas began major restoration on the church, prompting questions about the size of the parish church. In the nineteenth century the population of the original parish increased from just over a thousand to an estimated six thousand, with the development of farming, mining and trading communities to the west of the Great North Road. A committee was formed to plan the construction of a new church, and William Cochrane, a mining engineer, was appointed as honorary secretary. The church was designed by the diocesan architect Robert J. Johnson in the Gothic Revival style and the press claimed that the people of Gosforth could now boast that they possessed "one of the finest modern churches in the north of England". The church was consecrated as All Saints on 2 October 1887. The tower is later, of 1896, and has a ring of ten bells. The interior has Victorian wood carvings by Ralph Hedley, an organ by Harrison & Harrison and stained glass windows depicting the saints throughout the ages. In later years, All Saints became the mother church of four more churches in Gosforth. The architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner described All Saints as "a good, competent example of the large late Victorian ecclesiastical building". The church has a Grade II listing. References Sources Pevsner, Nikolaus; Richmond, Ian (2002). Northumberland. The Buildings Of England. New Haven, US and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-09638-5. External links Church Website
Willington Dene Viaduct

Willington Dene Viaduct (or simply Willington Viaduct) is a railway bridge at Wallsend, near Newcastle upon Tyne, in north-eastern England. Its seven arches were built in timber in 1839 and later replaced with wrought iron in a near-identical pattern. It is a Grade II listed building and now carries the Tyne and Wear Metro. Its construction is nearly identical to the nearby Ouseburn Viaduct. History The viaduct was built from 1837 to 1839 for the Newcastle and North Shields Railway, the first railway line into Newcastle. To reach the city, it built Willington Dene Viaduct and the very similar Ouseburn Viaduct to carry the line over two valleys to the east. Willington crosses the Wallsend Burn around four miles (6.5 kilometres) from Newcastle, between Wallsend and Howdon. Both viaducts were designed by the architects John and Benjamin Green. When built, the viaduct was in laminated timber, using the Wiebeking system—one of the earliest British viaducts to do so. The timber beams were replaced with wrought iron spans from the Weardale Iron and Coal Company in a near-identical pattern from 1867 to 1869. The viaduct is a Grade II listed building, first designated 19 February 1986, and now carries the Tyne and Wear Metro light rail system. The success of the timber spans led other engineers to use the technique, though few such structures survive. Design The viaduct is 349 yards (319 metres) long and consists of seven arches—one of 128 feet (39 metres) span, four of 120 feet (37 metres), and the remaining two of 115 feet (35 metres). It reaches a maximum height of 82 feet (25 metres). The arches were originally constructed from laminated timber beams, glued together (glulam) in a technique pioneered by the Bavarian engineer Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking, rather than held together mechanically by nails or bolts, as was more common. The wooden beams consisted of 14 layers of timber measuring 22 × 31⁄2 inches (56 × 9 cm), which were held in place with trenails. The 128-foot arch was a record for a timber span when it was built. The arches were rebuilt in wrought iron in 1869 but fabricated to give the viaduct a very similar appearance. The Greens proposed a similar timber viaduct to span the River Tyne in Newcastle city centre but the scheme never came to fruition. References Bibliography Biddle, Gordon (2011). Britain's Historic Railway Buildings: A Gazetteer of Structures (second ed.). Hersham: Ian Allan. ISBN 9780711034914. Biddle, Gordon (2016). Railways in the Landscape. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Transport. ISBN 9781473862357. Barbey, M. F. (1981). Civil Engineering Heritage: Northern England. London: Thomas Telford. ISBN 9780727700988. McFetrich, David (2019). An Encyclopaedia of British Bridges (Revised and extended ed.). Barnsley: Pen and Sword Books. ISBN 9781526752956. Citations