NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Twickenham Bridge

Twickenham Bridge je obloukový silniční most překonávající řeku Temži v londýnské městské části Richmond. Vznikl jako první železobetonový třídílný most v zemi. Jeho stavba začala 1. června 1931 a architektem mostu byl Maxwell Ayrton. Stavba stála 217 300 liber. Otevřen byl 3. července 1933 Eduardem, Princem z Walesu, který se v ten den zúčastnil i otvírání mostů Hampton Court Bridge a Chiswick Bridge. Tři oblouková rozpětí nad Temží mají délku 30 m, 31,8 m a 30 m; boční oblouková rozpětí mají délku 17 m. Šířka vozovky je 12,2 m a chodníky, nacházející se po stranách vozovky jsou 4,6 m široké. Výška mostu nad hladinou Temže při nízkém přílivu je 8,5 m. V roce 1994 byl most opravován. Odkazy Reference V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Twickenham Bridge na slovenské Wikipedii. Externí odkazy Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu Twickenham Bridge na Wikimedia Commons
Twickenham Bridge

Die Twickenham Bridge ist eine Straßenbrücke über den Fluss Themse in London. Sie verbindet den Stadtteil Richmond auf der Nordostseite mit dem Stadtteil St Margaret’s auf der Südwestseite, beide im Stadtbezirk London Borough of Richmond upon Thames gelegen. Sie besteht aus Stahlbeton, mit Balustraden und Lampen aus Bronze. Die Brücke bildet einen Teil der Hauptstraße A316 (auch Chertsey Road genannt), die das Stadtzentrum von London mit der Autobahn M3 bei Sunbury-on-Thames verbindet. Das Zentrum des Stadtteils Twickenham, nach dem die Brücke benannt ist, befindet sich etwa drei Kilometer entfernt in südwestlicher Richtung. Die ersten Pläne zum Bau der Brücke gab es bereits 1909, doch die Eröffnung erfolgte erst am 3. Juli 1933 durch den Prince of Wales, den späteren König Eduard VIII. Weblinks Twickenham Bridge. In: Structurae
Twickenham Bridge

Twickenham Bridge crosses the River Thames in southwest London, England. Built in 1933 as part of the newly constructed "Chertsey Arterial Road", the bridge connects the Old Deer Park district of Richmond (historically Surrey) on the south bank of the river to St. Margarets (historically Middlesex) on the north bank, both within the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Twickenham Bridge gets its name from the fact that it is on the road to the town of Twickenham (also in the same London borough), which is approximately 3 km upstream from Twickenham Bridge, past Richmond Bridge. Given the bridge's unique position on the river, St Margarets is actually at the southwestern end of the bridge, despite being on the north bank, while Richmond, south of the Thames, is at the northeastern end of the bridge. The bridge forms part of today's A316 (Chertsey Road), which links Central and West London with the M3 motorway at Sunbury-on-Thames. The bridge's architect was Maxwell Ayrton and the head engineer was Alfred Dryland. The proposed design of the bridge envisaged four 70 foot towers to be constructed on the riverbanks with retaining walls of 20 feet above road level. The plans were widely opposed and a local petition was organised by The Daily Telegraph against the design on the grounds that it was inappropriate to the setting in Richmond. The final design of the bridge was of three reinforced-concrete arches supported on concrete piers with Art Deco embellishments. The bridge incorporates three permanent hinges enabling the structure to adjust to changes in temperature, the first reinforced concrete bridge structure in the UK to use such an innovation. The arch springings, as well as the arch crowns, have decorative bronze cover plates. Ribbed shuttering was used in the casting of the concrete piers and abutments, giving the main faces a ribbed finish that was then knocked back. The approach viaduct and retaining walls were constructed in precast blocks that were wire brushed to create a rough finish. The balustrades and lamps were constructed of open bronzework. The Bromsgrove Guild was employed in casting and fitting the bronze lamp standards and parapets as well as the railings on the four staircases between road level and the river bank The bridge, along with the newly built Chiswick Bridge and the rebuilt Hampton Court Bridge, was opened by Edward, Prince of Wales on 3 July 1933. In 1992, the first Gatso speed camera in the United Kingdom was launched on Twickenham Bridge. The bridge was declared a Grade II* listed structure in 2008, providing protection to preserve its special character from unsympathetic development. See also List of crossings of the River Thames List of bridges in London References External links Twickenham Bridge (Tour UK)
Twickenham Bridge

Le Twickenham Bridge traverse la Tamise au sud-ouest de Londres, en Angleterre. Construit en 1933 dans le cadre de la nouvelle artère routière Chertsey, le pont relie le quartier Old Deer Park de Richmond (historiquement dans le Surrey) sur la rive sud de la rivière à St. Margarets (historiquement dans le Middlesex) sur la rive nord, les deux dans le borough londonien de Richmond upon Thames. Twickenham Bridge tire son nom du fait qu'il se trouve sur la route du bourg de Twickenham (également dans le même quartier londonien), qui est à environ 3 km en amont du pont Twickenham, après le Richmond Bridge. Description L'architecte du pont était Maxwell Ayrton et l'ingénieur en chef Alfred Dryland. La conception proposée du pont prévoyait la construction de quatre tours de 70 pieds sur les berges avec des murs de soutènement de 20 pieds au-dessus du niveau de la route. Les plans étaient largement contestés et une pétition locale a été organisée par le Daily Telegraph contre le dessin au motif qu'il ne convenait pas au cadre de Richmond. La conception finale du pont était de trois arches en béton armé soutenues sur des piliers en béton avec des embellissements Art Déco. Le pont comprend trois charnières permanentes permettant à la structure de s'adapter aux changements de température, première structure de pont en béton armé au Royaume-Uni à utiliser une telle innovation. Le viaduc d'approche et les murs de soutènement ont été construits en blocs préfabriqués qui ont été brossés pour créer une finition rugueuse. Les balustrades et les lampes ont été réalisées en bronze. Le pont a été ouvert le 3 juillet 1933 par le prince Édouard de Galles, avec Chiswick Bridge. En 1992, la première caméra de surveillance routière de la vitesse au Royaume-Uni a été installée sur le pont Twickenham. Le pont a été déclaré structure classée de Grade II * en 2008, lui offrant une protection pour préserver son caractère spécial. Voir aussi Chiswick Bridge, autre pont londonien construit au même temps Références Liens externes Ressource relative à l'architecture : National Heritage List for England Pont de Twickenham (Tour UK) Portail des ponts Portail de Londres Portail des monuments classés au Royaume-Uni
Twickenham Bridge

Il Twickenham Bridge attraversa il fiume Tamigi nel sud-ovest di Londra, in Inghilterra. Costruito nel 1933 come parte della "Chertsey Arterial Road" di nuova costruzione, collega il distretto di Old Deer Park di Richmond (storicamente Surrey) sulla riva sud del fiume a St. Margarets (storicamente Middlesex) sulla riva nord, entrambi all'interno del distretto londinese di Richmond upon Thames. Il Twickenham Bridge prende il nome dal fatto che si trova sulla strada per la città di Twickenham (anch'essa nello stesso quartiere londinese), che dista circa 3 km a monte del ponte di Twickenham, oltre il ponte di Richmond. Data la posizione unica del ponte sul fiume, St Margarets si trova effettivamente all'estremità sud-occidentale del ponte, nonostante si trovi sulla sponda nord, mentre Richmond, a sud del Tamigi, si trova all'estremità nord-orientale del ponte. Sul ponte passa l'odierna A316 (Chertsey Road), che collega il centro e l'ovest di Londra con l'autostrada M3 a Sunbury-on-Thames. Storia Il ponte venne progettato dall'architetto Maxwell Ayrton e dall'ingegnere capo Alfred Dryland. Il progetto proposto prevedeva la costruzione di quattro torri da 21 metri sulle sponde del fiume con muri di sostegno di 6 metri sopra il livello della strada. I piani furono ampiamente contrastati e The Daily Telegraph organizzò una petizione locale contro il progetto sulla base del fatto che era inappropriato per l'ambientazione di Richmond. Il progetto definitivo del ponte prevedeva tre arcate in cemento armato sostenute da pilastri in cemento con abbellimenti Art déco. Il ponte incorpora tre cardini permanenti che consentono alla struttura di adattarsi ai cambiamenti di temperatura, la prima struttura a ponte in cemento armato nel Regno Unito a utilizzare tale innovazione. I molleggi dell'arco, così come le corone, hanno piastre di copertura decorative in bronzo. Nel getto dei pilastri e dei monconi in calcestruzzo sono state utilizzate casseforme nervate, che hanno conferito alle facce principali una finitura nervata che è stata poi ribaltata all'indietro. Il viadotto di accesso e i muri di sostegno sono stati costruiti in blocchi prefabbricati che sono stati spazzolati con filo metallico per creare una finitura ruvida. Le balaustre e le lampade sono state realizzate in bronzo. La Bromsgrove Guild è si è occupata della fusione e del montaggio degli stendardi, dei parapetti, delle lampade in bronzo, nonché delle ringhiere delle quattro scale tra il livello della strada e la riva del fiume Il ponte fu aperto il 3 luglio 1933 da Edoardo, principe di Galles, assieme al ponte di Chiswick, complettato al stesso tempo. Nel 1992, il primo Gatso autovelox nel Regno Unito è stato montato sul Twickenham Bridge. Il ponte è stato dichiarato una struttura classificata di Grado II* nel 2008, fornendo protezione per preservare il suo carattere speciale. Note Voci correlate Ponti di Londra Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Twickenham Bridge
Туикнемский мост

Туикнемский мост пересекает Темзу на юго-западе Лондона. Построенный в 1933 году как часть магистральной дороги «Чертси» мост соединяет находящиеся в боро Ричмонд на Темзе район Дир-Парк Ричмонда на южном берегу Темзы с районом Сент-Маргарет на северном берегу. Туикнемский мост получил своё название из-за того, что он находится на дороге в город Туикенем, расположенный примерно в 3 км вверх по течению от моста. В связи с уникальным положением моста на реке, Сент-Маргарет фактически находится на юго-западном конце моста, несмотря на то что этот район находится на северном берегу Темзы, в то время как Ричмонд находится на северо-восточном конце моста. Мост является частью автомагистрали A316, которая соединяет Центральный и Западный Лондон с автомагистралью М3 в Санбери-на-Темзе. Архитектором моста был Максвелл Айртон, а главным инженером — Альфред Драйленд. Предложенный проект моста предусматривал строительство четырёх 21-метровых башен на берегах реки с подпорными стенами на высоте 6 метров над уровнем дороги. Проект вызвал широкий протест, и The Daily Telegraph организовала сбор подписей местных жителей против проекта на том основании, что он не подходит под архитектуру Ричмонда. Окончательный проект моста представлял собой три железобетонные арки, опирающиеся на бетонные опоры с украшениями в стиле ар-деко. Мост оснащён тремя шарнирами, позволяющими конструкции адаптироваться к изменениям температуры. Это первая железобетонная мостовая конструкция в Великобритании, использующая такую инновацию. Пружины арок, как и коронки арок, имеют декоративные бронзовые накладки. Подъездной виадук и подпорные стены были построены из блоков, которые были обработаны железной щёткой для создания эффекта грубой отделки.Балясины и светильники были сделаны из бронзы. Часть светильников и перил была отлита Гильдией Бромсгроув Мост был открыт 3 июля 1933 года Эдуардом VIII В 1992 году на Туикнемском мосту была установлена первая в Великобритании камера контроля скорости Gatso. В 2008 году мост был объявлен сооружением II класса списка памятников архитектуры Соединенного Королевства. См. также Список мостов в Лондоне Примечания Ссылки Туикнемский мост (Тур по Великобритании)
How Hill House

How Hill House is a large Edwardian house in How Hill, an area of Ludham parish, Norfolk, England. The house overlooks the River Ant and is within the Broads National Park. The house was designed in the vernacular revival style by the English architect Edward Thomas Boardman in 1903 who intended it to be his family's country retreat. The Boardman family owned the house until 1966 before its sale to Norfolk County Council. Years later it was sold to Norwich Union who eventually gifted the house to the How Hill Trust, an environmental education charity. The house is a Grade II listed building. History The architect Edward Thomas Boardman (the son of the better-known architect Edward Boardman) decided to build a family retreat within the area known locally as How Hill. He purchased the land, designed the house, and built it over three years, completing it in 1903. Edward Thomas was later Mayor of Norwich in 1905–1906. The Boardman family made the house their permanent residence in 1918, after some major expansion. The house became the property of Edward's son, Christopher, who was notable for winning gold in sailing at the 1936 Summer Olympics. The house remained in the Boardman family until 1966 when it was sold to Norfolk County Council for £37,000. It then became a residential education centre before closing in 1983, and was sold to the insurance company Norwich Union who leased then gifted it to the How Hill Trust, an educational charity which operates it as a children's study centre. In 1987 the house was designated as a Grade II listed building by English Heritage. Architecture The house was designed in the vernacular, Jacobean style using roughcast brick. It is laid out in 2-and-a-half storeys. The roof is supported by gables with moulded timber bargeboards; it is covered in thatching. The interior remains original and includes a panelled hall, staircase and sitting room. A sun parlour was added to the west of the house in 1910 but was moved six years later. A third, matching chimney stack was added the same year. Grounds and Olympic Oak Just prior to the alteration period in 1910, Edward Boardman had 70,000 trees planted on the estate and set out the formal gardens to the south and the west of the property. His son, Christopher, was given an oak sapling by Adolf Hitler for winning a gold medal at the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games. He planted it in the grounds but it sustained damage during a storm in 1987. In an attempt to save the oak it was pollarded in 2013, but it succumbed to Honey Fungi infestation. A memorial carving of Christopher's achievements in the 1936 Olympic Games was made out of the stump. The tree was one of four remaining Olympic oaks in the United Kingdom that were donated by Hitler prior to the Second World War. References
Мінкарло

Мінкарло (англ. Mincarlo) — скелястий острів в архіпелазі островів Сіллі, Велика Британія, омивається Кельтським морем. Примітки Джерела Paddy Dillon: «Walking in the Isles of Scilly»: Cumbria: «Cicerone Press», 2015, Weight 110g, Pages 96, ISBN 9781852848064
Réserve naturelle de Minsmere

La réserve naturelle de Minsmer (en anglais Minsmere nature reserve) est une réserve naturelle britannique, propriété de la Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, qui en assure également la gestion depuis 1947. Le site se trouve à Minsmere dans le comté de Suffolk et couvre une superficie de 1 000 hectares. Il abrite des zones de roselière, de lande de plaine, de pelouse, de prairie humide, de forêt claire et de plage de galets. Le site fait partie du Suffolk Coast and Heaths ainsi que du Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) mais aussi du Suffolk Heritage Coast area. La réserve de Minsmer est classée site d'intérêt scientifique particulier, zone spéciale de conservation et zone de protection spéciale. Elle est également protégée par la convention de Ramsar. Grâce au contrôle et à l'amélioration de l'écosystème des zones humides, des bruyères et des prairies, la réserve naturelle sert principalement de site de conservation des oiseaux, en particulier les espèces nicheurs comme le butor étoilé, l'œdicnème criard, le busard des roseaux, l'engoulevent d'Europe et le rossignol philomèle. En outre, la richesse de la biodiversité du site favorise l'épanouissement d'une grande variété d'animaux et de plantes. Avant de devenir une réserve naturelle, la région abritait une ancienne abbaye et une batterie d'artillerie. Au XIXe siècle, les marais sont convertis en champs agricoles avant d'être à nouveau inondés durant la seconde Guerre mondiale, en prévision d'une éventuelle invasion des Nazis. La réserve possède un centre d'accueil, huit observatoires d'oiseaux et un vaste réseau de sentiers. L'entrée est gratuite pour les membres de la RSPB. Parmi les menaces qui pèsent sur la réserve, il y a les inondations et la salinisation — provoquées par la montée du niveau de la mer —, l'érosion côtière, mais aussi une perturbation du niveau d'eau causée par la construction d'un nouveau réacteur à Sizewell. Références Portail de la conservation de la nature Portail de l'ornithologie Portail de l’Angleterre
Moor House-Upper Teesdale

Moor House-Upper Teesdale National Nature Reserve covers 7,400 ha of the Pennine moors in the north of England. It straddles Cumbria and County Durham. It was designated a UNESCO biosphere reserve in 1976. The Moor House area was in the first group of national nature reserves (NNRs) created in England when it was designated in 1952. Upper Teesdale was a separate nature reserve until the end of the twentieth century. The combined reserve is England's highest and largest NNR. Great Dun Fell is the highest point. The Pennine Way passes through both “halves” of the reserve. See also Moorhouse and Cross Fell References External links Natural England website
Longstone

Longstone är en ö i Storbritannien. Den ligger i grevskapet och kommunen Northumberland i riksdelen England, i den centrala delen av landet, 500 km norr om huvudstaden London. Arean är 0,17 kvadratkilometer. Terrängen på Longstone är mycket platt. Den sträcker sig 0,6 kilometer i nord-sydlig riktning, och 0,6 kilometer i öst-västlig riktning. Kommentarer Källor
The Gwineas

The Gwineas, also known as The Gwinges, are a set of approximately fifteen rocks in the extreme southern English Channel, off the coast of the fishing village of Gorran Haven, Cornwall, on the south-west coast of Great Britain, remarkable for its seals, dolphins, gannets, and cormorants. There is not too much known about the Gwineas. History The Gwineas are believed to have been a hill surrounded by a forest. Over time this became an islet and then, eventually, an isolated rock as it is today. Shipwrecks While the visible Gwineas has been the site of several shipwrecks, the Yaw, a submerged rock to the east, has been the cause of more wrecks. Although the bell buoy is called 'Gwineas', it is there to mark the Yaw. As an eastern cardinal buoy, it flashes in groups of three, indicating that it is located to the east of the hazard. It is kept in place with four large anchors attached to chains, the flashing light is solar-powered, and it is serviced at least once a year. SS Ardangorm On Thursday 4 January 1940, the SS Ardangorm, a 5,000-ton vessel, struck the Gwineas in an ESE gale at night when en route from Cardiff to Fowey in ballast. The Fowey lifeboat launched at 3.45am thirty five minutes after distress flares were seen. At daylight 11 crew were rescued by the lifeboat. This left 25 crew aboard. The lifeboat landed the 11 and requested assistance from tugs. In the afternoon, after an Admiralty tug had arrived, it was decided the ship could not be saved. The lifeboat took off the remaining crew and returned to Fowey at 4.18pm. The ship's back broke on 10 January and wood and other material washed ashore to be salvaged by villagers. Pallas On the 7th April 1895 the mainly steel-built Russian barque 'Pallas' was wrecked on Great Perhaver Beach after grounding on The Gwineas in an easterly gale. The vessel's cargo was timber, and all the crew were rescued. A large amount of steel wreckage once survived in the shallows. References
Ґорріґан

Ґорріґан (англ. Gorregan) — невеличкий скелястий острів в архіпелазі островів Сіллі, Велика Британія, омивається Кельтським морем. Джерела Paddy Dillon: «Walking in the Isles of Scilly»: Cumbria: «Cicerone Press», 2015, Weight 110g, Pages 96, ISBN 9781852848064 Примітки
Кливдън

„Кливдън“ е хотел в графство Бъркшър, Англия, собственост на Националния фонд (National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty). Притежава 1504 декара с пътища за езда и пътечки за джогинг. Построен е през 1666 г. от втория херцог на Бъкингам, 2 пъти е унищожаван от пожари и възстановяван. Представлява крайградска вила в италиански стил. До 1966 г. в нея са живели трима херцози и Фредерик, принц на Уелс. През 1893 г. неин собственик става лорд Уилям Уолдорф Астор. В хотел „Кливдън“ са гостували всички английски монарси след Джордж I, както и личности като Бърнард Шоу, Чарли Чаплин, Чърчил и Франклин Делано Рузвелт През 1960-те г. Кливдън е сцената, върху която се разиграва аферата „Профумо“ - заради разкритието на журналиста Питър Ърл за връзка между британския държавен секретар на войната Джон Профумо и шоугърлата Кристин Кийлър през 1963 г. пада цялото правителство на консерватора Харолд Макмилан. Източници „1000 места, които е добре да видите, преди да умрете“ на Патриша Щулц Външни препратки Официална страница на хотела
Cliveden

Cliveden [ˈklɪvdən] ist ein Herrenhaus und Landgut im Italianate Style in Taplow, Buckinghamshire, England. Es liegt 40 Meter oberhalb der Themse. Das Gebäude wurde von verschiedenen britischen Hochadligen bewohnt. Es ist das dritte Haus an dieser Stelle: Das erste von 1666 brannte 1795 ab. Hier hatten unter anderem Elizabeth Hamilton, Countess of Orkney, die angebliche frühere Geliebte von Wilhelm III. von Oranien, und zwischen 1737 und 1751 Frederick, Prince of Wales, gelebt. Das zweite Haus von 1824 wurde im Jahr 1849 ebenfalls durch ein Feuer zerstört. Das jetzige denkmalgeschützte Gebäude wurde 1851 von Architekten Charles Barry für George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 2. Duke of Sutherland im italienischen Stil geplant. 1893 erwarb William Waldorf Astor das Haus. Er importierte die Terrasse der Villa Borghese in Rom und ließ sie unterhalb der Terrasse im Park installieren. 1906 schenkte er Cliveden seinem Sohn Waldorf Astor und seiner Frau zur Hochzeit und siedelte nach Hever Castle in Kent über. Als Wohnsitz von Nancy Astor war das Gebäude der Treffpunkt des Cliveden Set, einer Gruppe von konservativen deutschlandfreundlichen Politikern der 1920er und 1930er Jahre. Während der 1960er Jahre war es Schauplatz für Schlüsselereignisse der Profumo-Affäre. Während der 1970er Jahre wurde es von der Stanford University in Kalifornien als Übersee-Campus genutzt. Heute gehört es dem National Trust und wird von diesem an ein 5-Sterne-Hotel vermietet, kann aber im Rahmen von Führungen besichtigt werden. Zum Landbesitz gehören auch die in der Themse gelegenen Inseln Bavin’s Gulls. 2019 wurde Cliveden von rund 525.000 Personen besucht. 2024 betrug die Besucherzahl etwa 519.000 Personen. Weblinks Einzelnachweise
Cliveden

Cliveden is een landgoed vlak bij het Britse Taplow in Buckinghamshire. Het huidige landhuis stamt uit 1851 en werd ontworpen door Sir Charles Barry. Het is gebouwd in palladianistische stijl. De klokkentoren is in werkelijkheid een vermomde watertoren. Het landhuis staat op een 40 meter hoge heuvel aan de Theems. In 1906 werd het landgoed aangekocht door William Waldorf Astor om, samen met de Sancy, deel uit te maken van het bruidsgeschenk voor het huwelijk van zijn zoon Waldorf (2nd Viscount Astor) met de Amerikaanse Nancy Langhorne; deze werd in 1919 het eerste vrouwelijke parlementslid van Engeland. In 1961 werd hier een feest gehouden wat de start was van een relatie tussen de Britse minister van defensie en een callgirl. Deze relatie zou in 1963 leiden tot de Profumo-affaire. Tegenwoordig is het landgoed in beheer van de National Trust en sinds 1984 in gebruik als vijfsterrenhotel. Het landhuis werd als decor gebruikt in verschillende films, zoals: Help! (1965), Thunderbirds (2004) en Made of Honor (2009). Literatuur (en) Cowles, Virginia (1979): The Astors. Knopf, New York