Tomb of Amenhotep II

The tomb of Amenhotep II, also known by its tomb number, KV35, is the burial place of Amenhotep II, a pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, in the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, Egypt. Later, it was used as a cache for other royal mummies. It was discovered by Victor Loret in March 1898. Layout and history It has a bent axis, typical of the layout of early Eighteenth Dynasty tombs, but several features make this tomb unusual. The burial chamber is rectangular and divided into upper and lower pillared sections, with the lower part holding the cartouche-shaped royal sarcophagus of the king. This style of burial chamber became standard for royal burials in the later New Kingdom. Only the burial chamber of the tomb is decorated, albeit in an unusual style that, other than KV34 (the tomb of Amenhotep II's father, Thutmose III), is not found elsewhere in the Valley of the Kings. On a yellow-tinged background (intended to resemble aged papyrus), the Amduat is traced, depicting the ancient Egyptian deities as simple (almost naive) stick figures, with text written in the cursive hieroglyphic book hand used more commonly for sacred texts on papyrus. Later the tomb was used as a mummy cache. Mummies belonging to the following individuals were relocated here during the Third Intermediate Period and were identified by inscriptions on their burial wrappings: Amenhotep II (the original tomb owner found in his original sarcophagus) Side Chamber: Thutmose IV Amenhotep III Merneptah Seti II Siptah Ramesses IV Ramesses V Ramesses VI Queen Tiye, who was identified as the so-called Elder Lady in February 2010 via DNA testing. A prince, identified by some as Webensenu, son of Amenhotep II, whose canopic jars were found in the tomb, or Thutmose, the elder son of Amenhotep III and Tiye The Younger Lady who, in June 2003, was controversially claimed to be Nefertiti by British Egyptologist Joann Fletcher, whereas Egyptologist Zahi Hawass believed it to be Kiya, another wife of Akhenaten who is thought by some to be the birth mother of Tutankhamun. Some believed this mummy to be a male. However, with DNA testing, this mummy was shown in February 2010 to be a woman, the mother of Tutankhamun, and the daughter of Amenhotep III and Tiye (making her both the sister and wife of Akhenaten). Her name, however, remains unknown, leaving open the possibility that she is likely either Nebetiah or Beketaten. An "unknown woman D" in an upturned lid of a coffin inscribed for Setnakhte (may be queen Tawosret). A body on a boat that was later stolen or destroyed at the start of the twentieth century (may be Setnakhte). Two skulls were found in the well and an anonymous arm was found with the above "Younger Lady." Most of the mummies discovered in KV35, including all mummies identified as monarchs or consorts, are on display at the Royal Mummies Gallery of the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization in Cairo, having been moved there in 2021 during the Pharaohs' Golden Parade. Gallery References Citations Works cited Reeves, Nicholas; Wilkinson, Richard H. (1996). The Complete Valley of the Kings: Tombs and Treasures of Egypt's Greatest Pharaohs (2010 paperback ed.). London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-28403-2. External links Theban Mapping Project: KV35 includes description, images, and plans of the tomb. William Max Miller's Theban Royal Mummy Project