NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Zhoukoudian

Zhoukoudian ili Choukoutien (kineski: 周口店; pinyin: Zhōukǒudiàn; čita se "Čoukotijen") je sustav špilja 42 km jugozapadno od Pekinga (Kina), koji je najpoznatiji kao nalazište Pekinškog čovjeka, ali i brojnih ostataka Divovske hijene (Pachycrocuta), koji su živjeli na ovom području prije oko 750.000-200.000 godina (pleistocen), ali i paleolitskih nalaza Homo sapiensa od 18.000 do 11.000. pr. Kr. Zhoukoudian je već 1921. godine istraživao švedski geolog Johan Gunnar Andersson, a 1923. godine je u talogu špilje Otto Zdansky pronašao zube hominida. God. 1926., kineski arheolog Pei Wen Zhong je pronašao i cijelu lubanju koja je pobudila veliko svjetsko zanimanje, čemu su osobito pridonijela djela P. T. de Chardina. Do tada prihvaćena kronologija početaka ljudske povijesti je srušena ovim otkrićem, jer se pokazalo kako Homo erectusa pekinensis, koji je živio u srednjem pleistocenu, 700.000-200.000 godina prije modernih vremena, nije ovladao vatrom ali se koristio velikim brojem malog kamenog oruđa. Uzastopna iskopavanja u špilji i oko nje donijeli su na vidjelo velik broj nepotpunih ljudskih kostiju koje su, nakon što je pokazala antropološka studija, pripadala 45 različitih pojedinaca. Pronađeno je oko 100.000 predmeta (u biti poprilično grubo sitnog kamenog oruđa, brojni tragovi domaćeg ognjišta, kamenja promijenjenog vatrom, spaljenih kostiju, pepela ostataka, itd.) kao i okamenjene žitarice. Nedaleko od glavnog nalazišta, otkriveno je kako druga špilja sadrži ostatke Homo sapiensa iz oko 18.000-11.000 prije Krista, zajedno s velikom količinom drugih materijala: ogrlice izrađene od zuba, probodenih školjaka i oblutaka, koštane igle, itd. Nažalost, Drugi kinesko-japanski rat, koji je započeo 1937. godine, prekinuo je iskopavanja s katastrofalnim posljedicama: ostaci Pekinškog čovjeka otkriveni prije tog datuma bili su raspršeni ili izgubljeni. Samo odljevi izloženi u muzeju lokaliteta su sačuvani, kao i neki izolirani fragmenti u Švedskoj. Iskapanjima koje su nakon Drugog svjetskog rata izveli arheolozi Narodne Republike Kine su dijelom nadoknadili te gubitke otkrićem cijele čeljusti (1959.) i nekoliko elemenata lubanje (1966.). U isto vrijeme, druga otkrića hominida u Kini (Lantianski čovjek, pronađen 1963. – 64. u provinciji Shaanxi, te Yuanmou čovjek, pronađen 1965. u provinciji Yunnan) otkrila su kako je pekinški čovjek živio u isto vrijeme kad i oni ili kasnije. Lokalitet Zhoukoudian je ne samo izvrstan podsjetnik prapovijesnih ljudskih društava u Aziji, nego i jedinstven pokazatelj procesa evolucije čovjeka. Zbog toga je upisan na UNESCO-ov popis mjesta svjetske baštine u Aziji i Oceaniji 1987. godine. Vanjske poveznice Svjetska baština pekinškog čovjeka u Zhoukoudianu (engl.) Turistički vodič Zhoukoudiana Nova nalazišta kod Pekinga na službenim stranicama UNESCO-a, 21. lipnja 2005. (engl.) Panofotografije Zhoukoudian nalazišta Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 12. kolovoza 2011. (Wayback Machine)
Zhoukoudian

Zhoukoudian o Choukoutien (cinese: 周口店; pinyin: Zhōukǒudiàn) è un sistema di grotte nei pressi di Pechino, in Cina. Archeologia Ha portato a numerose scoperte archeologiche, tra cui il più antico esemplare di Homo erectus, chiamato uomo di Pechino, ed ossa della iena gigante Pachycrocuta brevirostris. L'uomo di Pechino visse in queste grotte all'incirca tra i 200 000 ed i 500 000 anni fa. Le fessure nel calcare contengono depositi del medio Pleistocene che hanno portato alla luce circa 40 individui oltre a resti animali e a pietre ed utensili del Paleolitico. I più antichi sono databili a 500 000 anni fa, contemporanei alla glaciazione Mindel. Durante il Paleolitico superiore il sito venne occupato di nuovo, e sono stati rinvenuti resti dell'Homo sapiens e dei suoi attrezzi in pietra. Nei primi anni sessanta Il Consiglio di Stato del PRC lo segnalò come luogo di importanti reperti culturali. Da quel momento è stato notevolmente migliorato. Il sito si trova a sud-est della città di Pechino, ed è accessibile attraverso la Jingshi Expressway. Il cratere Choukoutien sull'asteroide 243 Ida ha preso il nome da questo sito. Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Zhoukoudian Collegamenti esterni Scheda UNESCO, su whc.unesco.org. Descrizione completa del sito, su unesco.org. Sito ufficiale del museo, su zkd.cn.
Zhoukoudian

Zhoukoudian of Choukoutien, verouderd Nederlands Tsjoekoetien, is een grottencomplex nabij Peking in China. Onder de vele archeologische vondsten was een van de eerste exemplaren van Homo erectus, de zogeheten pekingmens, en een collectie beenderen van de reuzenhyena (Pachycrocuta brevirostris). De pekingmens leefde zo'n 200.000 tot 500.000 jaar geleden in deze grotten. De locatie werd ontdekt door Johan Gunnar Andersson in 1921 en voor het eerst uitgegraven door Otto Zdansky in 1921 en 1923 met als resultaat twee mensentanden. Ze werden onderzocht door Davidson Black die ze identificeerde als behorend tot een voorheen onbekend ras, waarna uitgebreide opgravingen volgden. Externe link website Zhoukoudian museum
Zhoukoudian

Zhoukoudian (chiń. 周口店; pinyin Zhōukǒudiàn) – system jaskiń położony około 45 kilometrów na południowy zachód od Pekinu w Chinach. W latach 20. i 30. XX wieku natrafiono tu na szczątki człowieka pekińskiego, a także kamienne narzędzia i kości zwierzęce, liczące od 500 do 230 tysięcy lat. Znalezione eksponaty w większości zaginęły w czasie inwazji japońskiej podczas II wojny światowej. Po wojnie wznowiono prace i część znalezionych artefaktów wystawiona jest dziś w miejscowym muzeum. Wśród eksponatów znalazły się także skamieniałości prehistorycznych stworzeń. Zwiedzającym udostępnione są też pobliskie jaskinie i groty. W 1987 roku organizacja UNESCO wpisała Zhoukoudian na listę światowego dziedzictwa. Przypisy Bibliografia Chiny, seria: Praktyczny przewodnik, Wydawnictwo Pascal, Bielsko-Biała 2001, str. 186 Linki zewnętrzne Mapa stanowiska człowieka pekińskiego w Zhoukoudian (ang.)
Zhoukoudian

Zhoukoudian é uma pequena aldeia situada a cerca de 50 quilómetros ao sudeste de Pequim. No monte Longgu, perto da aldeia, há uma caverna natural com cerca de 140 metros de comprimento. Sua largura varia entre 2,5 e 42 metros. É na gruta que se descobriram os vestígios do Homem de Pequim. História Em 1921, o geólogo sueco, J. G. Andersson, e o paleontólogo austríaco, O. Zdansky, fizeram uma escavação amadora em Zhoukoudian e encontraram alguns fósseis animais e pedaços de quartzo branco com fios. Nas escavações realizadas em 1921 e 1923, eles obtiveram dois fósseis de dentes de seres humanos, mas não os reconheceram imediatamente e só os confirmaram quando publicaram sua descoberta, em 1926. Em 1927, uma equipe composta de arqueólogos chineses e estrangeiros chegou a Zhoukoudian para uma escavação de grande envergadura. No mesmo ano, encontraram mais um dente de um ser humano bem preservado e nomearam o ser humano em Zhoukoudian como Sinanthropus Pekinensis. Depois, fizeram uma emenda na denominação com Homoerectus Pekinensis. Mas, o nome mais vulgar é o Homem de Pequim. Em 2 de dezembro de 1929, o arqueólogo chinês Pei Wenzhong descobriu na caverna um crânio humano completo. A notícia repercutiu mundialmente e causou um impacto imediato entre os arqueólogos. Pouco depois, ferramentas de pedra e de osso assim como vestígios de fogueira foram descobertos na mesma localidade, o que chamou a atenção de todo o mundo para as ruínas do Homem de Pequim. Em Novembro de 1936, após sucessivas escavações de 11 dias, foram encontrados no mesmo terreno, três crânios humanos. Em 1937, devido a Segunda Guerra Sino-Japonesa,as escavações foram interrompidas por um tempo indeterminado No final de 1941, os cinco crânios humanos assim como outras amostras desapareceram durante o processo de transporte das peças para fora da China. O Museu das Ruínas de Zhoukoudian reserva atualmente apenas um único crânio humano antigo. Este foi consertado com vários pedaços de ossos, que pertenciam a um mesmo indivíduo, mas escavados em diferentes períodos. Depois da fundação da República Popular da China em 1949, o processo das escavações em Zhoukoudian foi retomado. Elas obtiveram fósseis de ossos de face, membros e dentes, representando mais de 40 homens de Pequim, além de 100 mil peças de pedra acabadas ou semi-acabadas, peças de osso e peças de chifre, bem como fósseis de mais de 100 espécies de animais e os vestígios do uso de fogo. Ver Também Homem de Pequim Ligações Externas (em inglês) Unesco - Sítio do Homem de Pequim em Zhoukoudian
Zhoukoudian

Zhoukoudian (周口店, äldre transkription: Choukoutien) är en köping i Kina. Den ligger i stadsdistriktet Fangshan i storstadsområdet Peking, omkring 50 kilometer sydväst om stadskärnan. Grottsystem i närheten av byn har varit platsen för många arkeologiska upptäckter, bland annat en av de äldsta exemplaren av homo erectus, kallad Pekingmänniskan. Platsen är ett av Kinas Unesco-listade världsarv. Sprickor i kalkstenen som innehåller lämningar från mellersta Pleistocen-eran har avslöjat resterna av omkring 40 individer såväl som djurrester och stenflisor och hackverktyg. De äldsta är ca 500 000 år gamla. Under den äldre stenåldern, blev platsen bosatt av homo sapiens, människan. Deras verktyg av ben och sten har även upptäckts i den övre grottan. Så tidigt som början av 1960-talet listade kinesiska staten platsen som ett viktigt område med kulturella reliker. Den åsikten har sedan stärkts. Externa länkar Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Zhoukoudian. UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian Referenser
Hospital de la Amistad China-Japón

El Hospital de la Amistad China-Japón (en chino, 中日友好医院) fue establecido a través de la cooperación de los gobiernos chino y japonés durante la década de 1980. El hospital ha estado afiliado directamente al Ministerio de Salud de China desde su primer día de operación, el 23 de octubre de 1984. El hospital está situado en la calle Yinghuayuan Este del Distrito de Chaoyang, Pekín. El hospital cubre 9,7 hectáreas, con un espacio de instalaciones de 180.000 metros cuadrados. Dentro del hospital, hay 1.500 camas y 58 departamentos, así como un centro de investigación y educación clínica. El hospital tiene cuidados intensivos y tratamiento de enfermedades graves como un enfoque principal y terapia de integración oriental-occidental como un área adicional de experiencia. El hospital presta a menudo servicios médicos a altos funcionarios de más de 100 países y regiones.​ Es el hospital universitario de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Pekín, la Universidad de Medicina Tradicional China de Pekín, la Universidad Médica de China y la Universidad Médica de Tianjin. El hospital lleva a cabo la atención médica, la educación, la investigación científica, la medicina preventiva y la rehabilitación. Alcance del servicio Servicios clínicos: Acupuntura Cardiología Cirugía Cardiovascular Cirugía Colorrectal Laboratorio clínico Dermatología Odontología y Ortodoncia Desórdenes digestivos Diabetes Endocrinología Medicina de emergencia Otorrinolaringología Gastroenterología Cirugía General Ginecología Inmunología Medicina Infecciosa Medicina Interna Pulmón y bazo Masaje Neurología Nefrología Neurocirugía Ortopedía Obstetricia y Ginecología Oftalmología (Cirugía ocular) Oncología Pediatría Clínica del dolor Farmacia Asesoramiento psicológico Neumología Reumatología Rehabilitación Cirugía Torácica Urología Servicios de Ultrasonido Ubicación y acceso El Hospital de la Amistad China-Japón está ubicado en el East Yinghua (Cherry Blossom) Road, Hepingli, Distrito de Chaoyang 100029. Las estaciones de metro más cercanas son Guangximen y Shaoyaoju en la Línea 13 y la Línea 10 y Huixinxijie Beikou en la Línea 5. Referencias Enlaces externos Página oficial (en chino) Página oficial Archivado el 30 de mayo de 2010 en Wayback Machine. (en inglés)
Caijingdaxue station

Caijingdaxue station (Chinese: 财经大学站; pinyin: Cáijīngdàxué zhàn; lit. 'University of Finance & Economics station') is a metro station located in Hexi District, Tianjin, China, adjacent to the main campus of the Tianjin University of Finance & Economics (TUFE). It is a station on the Line 1 and Line 10 of the Tianjin Metro. The station for Line 1 is elevated and the station for Line 10 is underground. Station configuration Caijingdaxue station of Line 1 is an elevated station located on the median strip in the middle of Zhujiang Avenue. The station for Line 10 is located underground. Concourse level The concourse is located on the level 1. The passengers must check-in through ticket barriers before being allowed to enter the platforms. The station information centre can provide essential services, including ticket sales (including refills) and Lost and Found services. In addition, the station hall also has ticket vending machine, automatic teller machines and other self-service facilities. Platforms The platforms are arranged in side platform configuration, each 3.5 metres wide. The platforms have platform screen doors (PSDs). Station exits Caijingdaxue Station has four exits, all of which are located on either side of Zhujiang Avenue. A and B are located on the north side and C and D on the south. The exits are linked to the main structure station via two connecting bridges which span across the road. Elevators are available. The respective exits and the nearby facilities and attractions are listed below: Exit A - Fengzhi Li (风致里), Jingzhi Li (景致里), Yazhi Li (雅致里) (all residential units) Exit B - Tianjin University of Finance & Economics (天津财经大学), Statistics Vocational Secondary School (统计职业中专学校), Huanghai Li (黄海里) Exit C - Tianjin University of Finance & Economics (天津财经大学) Exit D - Tianjin University of Finance & Economics (天津财经大学), Zhencai Li (振财里) Transport links Buses No. 97, 631, 662, 656, 665, 676, 686, 695, 823, 846, 859, etc. References External links Media related to Caijingdaxue Station at Wikimedia Commons
Capital Medical University

Capital Medical University (CCMU; 首都医科大学) is a municipal public university in Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the City of Beijing, and co-funded by the Beijing Municipal People's Government, the National Health Commission, and the Ministry of Education. The university was founded in 1960 as the Beijing Second Medical College. Academics Rankings and reputation Capital Medical University is listed as one of the top 300 universities in the World University Rankings. CMU is consistently ranked among the top medical schools in China and has ranked in the top 1 or 2 best nationwide, together with Peking Union Medical College among Chinese Medical Universities in the recognized Best Chinese Universities Ranking. As of 2025, its "Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences", "Dentistry & Oral Sciences", "Medical Technology", "Biomedical Engineering", "Nursing", "Human Biological Sciences", "Public Health", and "Clinical Medicine" were placed in the top 200 in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities. Its "Clinical Medicine" also ranked 135th globally by the U.S. News & World Report. Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), also known as the Shanghai Ranking, is one of the annual publications of world university rankings. It's the first global university ranking with multifarious indicators. Nature Index Nature Index tracks the affiliations of high-quality scientific articles and presents research outputs by institution and country on monthly basis. Times Higher Education (THE) U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking CUAA (Chinese Universities Alumni Association) Universities Ranking of China released by CUAA (Chinese Universities Alumni Association, Chinese: 中国校友会网) is one of the most foremost domestic university rankings in China. References External links Capital Medical University
Central Guard Bureau

The Central Guard Bureau (CGB) of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party is the organization responsible for the protection of senior party members, their families, and important foreign dignitaries in the People's Republic of China. It has been widely called the CGB since the Cultural Revolution and is also the Ninth Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security. The CGB selects and controls the bodyguards of protectees; bodyguards are typically trained by the People's Liberation Army (PLA). It effectively controls the Central Guard Regiment by having bureau deputy directors in leadership positions in the unit. The CGB is part of the internal security apparatus as protectees are constantly under surveillance by their bureau-selected bodyguards. History In April 1949, the Security Department of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee was established in Xibaipo, Hebei Province. In March 1950, it was expanded and established as the 8th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security. In March 1953, the Zhongnanhai Security Bureau of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee was established. It was separated from the Security Bureau and was established independently, being modeled after the 9th Chief Directorate of the Soviet Committee for State Security and was listed as the 9th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security. In April 1964, the 8th and 9th Bureaus of the Ministry of Public Security were merged into a new 9th Bureau and in October 1969, the 9th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security and the Central Guard Regiment were merged to form the Guard Office of the General Office, which was incorporated into the military structure and upgraded to the corps level. In October 1976, the Security Department participated in the operation to arrest the Gang of Four. For the convenience of communication and for historical organizational reasons, the bureau was also included in the 9th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, but the Ministry of Public Security had no command or management authority over it. On 1 January 2016, the Central Military Commission issued its "Deepening National Defense and Military Reform" document, which resulted in a major restructuring of the military and specifically the abolishment of the People's Liberation Army General Staff Department, with the bureau was transferred to the newly established Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission. See also United States Secret Service References Citations Sources Books
Chang'an Grand Theater

The Chang'an Grand Theater (simplified Chinese: 长安大戏院; traditional Chinese: 長安大戲院; pinyin: Cháng'ān Dà Xìyuàn), located on East Chang'an Avenue, is a theatre in Beijing that specializes in Peking Opera performances. Opened in 1996, the Chang'an Grand Theater is a modern Peking Opera theatre which displays modern facilities such as advanced highlights, multi-functional stage and computer-controlled sound and light systems. In its interior, it features a Ming Dynasty design and traditional Peking Opera theatre decorations. It is one of Beijing's most popular Peking Opera theatres, and because of its modern design, it is regarded as one of the best Peking Opera theatres for acoustics. Unlike many other opera theatres, it features English subtitles above the stage. The theatre's second floor also contains a museum which exhibits Peking Opera costumes, make-up and artifacts. Notes and references External links Chang'an Grand Theatre Official website
Grand théâtre de Chang'an

Le grand théâtre de Chang'an est fondé en 1937 à Xidan, une rue commerciale animée de Pékin et ouvert de nouveau au public sous le même nom en septembre 1996 dans la tour Guanghuachang'an au côté nord de l'avenue Chang'an. Le théâtre est un des lieux de diffusion de l'opéra de Pékin. La décoration du théâtre marie la tradition chinoise et la modernité dont la décoration est typique des dynasties des Ming et des Qing. Notes et références Portail de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme Portail du théâtre Portail de l’opéra Portail des arts du spectacle Portail de Pékin
Changying station

Changying (simplified Chinese: 常营站; traditional Chinese: 常營站; pinyin: Chángyíng Zhàn) is a station on Line 6 of the Beijing Subway. This station opened on December 30, 2012. Station layout The station has underground dual-island platforms. Exits There are 4 exits, lettered B, C, E, and F. Exits B, E and F are accessible. Gallery References External links Media related to Changying Station at Wikimedia Commons
Changying

Changying (in cinese: 常营站S, Chángyíng zhànP) è una stazione della linea 6 della metropolitana di Pechino. Storia Nel ottobre 2007, la stazione di Changying venne inserita tra le fermate pianificate nel tragitto della linea 6 della metropolitana di Pechino, ottenendo l’approvazione dell’allora Commissione per la pianificazione urbana di Pechino. Il 4 maggio 2010 la stessa Commissione avviò una consultazione pubblica di sette giorni con la proposta di denominare la stazione “Changying”, ufficializzando il nome con un annuncio dell’11 novembre successivo. Il 30 dicembre 2012, unitamente alla prima fase della linea 6 fino alla stazione di Caofang, viene inaugurata la stazione di Changying. Posizione La stazione di Changying si trova all’esterno del quinto anello orientale, nel distretto di Chaoyang, a Pechino, all'incrocio tra Chaoyang North Road (est-ovest) e Guanzhuang Road (nord-sud) e tra Chaoyang North Road e Changshun Road (nord-sud). La stazione è situata sul lato sud di Chaoyang North Road ed è disposta lungo l’asse est-ovest. Struttura e impianti Changying è una stazione sotterranea su due livelli, costruita con una struttura a telaio a tre file di pilastri e quattro campate. La configurazione con tre file di pilastri e due campate è progettata per ospitare due banchine centrali: i binari esterni sono destinati ai treni espressi, mentre il binario centrale serve i treni locali. È inoltre prevista una comunicazione di binario per consentire l’inversione di marcia dei treni provenienti dal centro città. I lati est e ovest della sala biglietti della stazione sono collegati direttamente con le strutture commerciali circostanti. Anche le uscite sui lati nord e sud sono integrate con gli spazi commerciali. La stazione è dotata di sette ingressi, indicati con le lettere A, B, C, D, E e F. Gli accessi B, E e F sono accessibili ai portatori di disabilità motorie. Servizi La stazione dispone di: Accessibilità per portatori di handicap (solo ingresso B, E e F) Emettitrice automatica biglietti Scale mobili Servizi igienici Sportello automatico Stazione video sorvegliata Ufficio polizia Orari In direzione del capolinea occidentale di Jin'anqiao, sono attivi tutti i giorni treni dalla stazione di Changying dalle 4:57 alle 23:10, con alcuni treni che si protraggono esclusivamente fino a Haidian Wuluju attivi fino a 23:50. In direzione opposta, verso il capolinea orientale di Luyang, i convogli transitano dalle 6:10 alle 23:28, con alcuni treni che si protraggono fino alle 00:39 effettuando però un servizio ridotto fino a Caofang. Interscambi Fermata autobus Note Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Changying