NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Аэропорт Острова Рождества

Международный аэропорт Острова Рождества (ИАТА: XCH, ИКАО: YPXM) (англ. Christmas Island International Airport) — гражданский аэропорт на территории Австралии в Индийском океане, на Острове Рождества. Краткая характеристика Расположен в 2600 км к северо-западу от города Перт, в 500 км к югу от столицы Индонезии — Джакарты, и в 975 км к северо-востоку от Кокосовых (Килинг) островов. Аэропорт находится на высоте 279 м над уровнем моря. Он имеет одну взлетно-посадочную полосу 18/36 с асфальтовым покрытием. Длина ВПП: 2.103 м, ширина: 45 м. Расположение аэропорта на вершине холма, с 2 % градиентом середины ВПП, делает его сложным для посадки. Средняя температура + 23°С. Самый жаркий месяц октябрь + 24 °C, самый холодный месяц январь + 22°С. Количество осадков в среднем 1657 мм в год. Дождливый месяц март — 266 мм осадков, самый сухой месяц сентябрь — 2 мм осадков. История Построен во время Второй мировой войны и имел гравийную взлётно-посадочную полосу. Остров Рождества тогда был частью Британской колонии. На аэродроме обслуживались преимущественно самолёты-амфибии Short Sunderland Королевских ВВС. Первый пассажирский самолет приземлился 6 июня 1974 года. Здание терминала было построено в 1992 году для обслуживания курорта и казино. Авиакомпании и направления Статистика аэропорта См. также Список самых загруженных аэропортов Австралии Примечания Литература Ссылки Медиафайлы
Julöns flygplats

Julöns flygplats, Christmas Island Airport, (IATA: XCH, ICAO: YPXM) är en flygplats på Julön (Australien). Den ligger på den norra delen av ön, 3 km söder om huvudorten Flying Fish Cove. Flygplatsen ligger 279 meter över havet. Flygplatsen betjänas av två flygturer per vecka från Perth och Learmonth i Australien och en gång per vecka från Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Källor Externa länkar Christmas Island Airport Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Christmas Island Aerodrome.
Cardinia Reservoir

Das Cardinia Reservoir ist ein Stausee im Süden des australischen Bundesstaates Victoria und liegt in der Nähe von Emerald, ca. 45 km südöstlich von Melbourne. Der Bau des 287 Mio. m³ Stausees begann im Mai 1970 und wurde 1973 fertiggestellt. Die Anlage des Stausees kostete mehr als 11,4 Mio. AU$. Geschichte In den 1960er-Jahren wurde es offensichtlich, dass die Wasserversorgung Melbournes unzureichend war und ein weiterer Stausee gebraucht wurde. Der Cardinia Creek fließt von den Dandenongs nach Südwesten bis Emerald und dann nach durch kleine Hügel vor der Stadt nach Süden bis zum Western Port. Diese kleinen, aber scharf abgegrenzten Hügel wählte man als Standort für den neuen Stausee. Mit dem Bau eines großen Absperrbauwerks und einigen kleineren Staumauern in den Hügeln war der große Stausee fertig. Der Bau wurde 1973 fertiggestellt, es dauerte aber noch vier Jahre, bis der See vollständig gefüllt war. Neben dem Cardinia Creek liefert das Silvan Reservoir einen Großteil des Wassers. Die Umgebung des Stausees wurde für 1 Mio. AU-$ in einen Erholungspark mit Picknickplätzen, Spielplätzen, Parkplätzen und Wanderwegen umgestaltet. Zeitschiene Einige wichtige Ereignisse in der Geschichte des Cardinia Reservoir waren: 1966: Die Pläne zum Bau des Cardinia Reservoir und des Thomson-Stausees wurde von der Regierung von Victoria genehmigt. Der Bau des Tarago Reservoirs begann 1966 und wurde 1969 beendet. Dieser Stausee wurde von der State Rivers and Water Supply Commission (SR&WSC) gebaut, um die Wasserversorgung dem steigenden Bedarf des Verwaltungsbezirks anzupassen. 1967: Melbourne hatte unter einer großen Dürre zu leiden und im Sommer 1967/1968 gab es Wasserrationierungen. In der Folge wurden die Pläne für die Stauseen Cardinia und Thomson weiter vorangetrieben. 1973: Der Bau des Cardinia Reservoirs durch Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works (MMBW) wurde abgeschlossen. Als Teil des Programms der victorianischen Regierung zur Fluorisierung des Trinkwassers begann der Bau von Fluorisierungswerken. 1981: Steigender Wasserbedarf auf der Mornington-Halbinsel führte zu einer erneuten Überlastung der Gebietswasserversorgung. Trotz der Verbesserung der lokalen Wasserversorgung musste zunächst Wasser aus dem MBW-Stausee Cardinia abgezweigt werden. 1993: Der Export von Tafelwasser "Australia Pure" aus dem Cardinia Reservoir nach Europa und in die USA begann. Betrieb Das Cardinia Reservoir wird über eine Pipeline mit Wasser aus dem Silvan Reservoir gespeist. Ein 3,5 MW-Kraftwerk am Auslauf dieser Pipeline liefert Elektrizität, sobald Wasser in das Cardinia Reservoir eingeleitet wird. Das Trinkwasser aus dem Stausee versorgt die südlichen und südöstlichen Stadtviertel von Melbourne und die Mornington-Halbinsel. Der Stausee wird von Melbourne Water betrieben. Weblinks parkweb.vic.gov.au: Cardinia Reservoir and Catchment (Memento vom 6. August 2011 im Internet Archive; PDF; 529 KB, englisch) Einzelnachweise
Cardinia Reservoir

Cardinia Reservoir är en reservoar i Australien. Den ligger i delstaten Victoria, omkring 43 kilometer sydost om delstatshuvudstaden Melbourne. I omgivningarna runt Cardinia Reservoir växer i huvudsak städsegrön lövskog. Runt Cardinia Reservoir är det ganska tätbefolkat, med 75 invånare per kvadratkilometer. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är 1 251 millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är maj, med i genomsnitt 154 mm nederbörd, och den torraste är januari, med 51 mm nederbörd. Källor Externa länkar Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Cardinia Reservoir.
Kilmore International School

The Kilmore International School (TKIS), located in Kilmore, Victoria, Australia, was a non-denominational international school established in 1990 offering Years 3–12, and boarding from Year 7. The school was a not-for profit enterprise listed on the Australian Charities and Not-for-profit (ACNC) register. It officially changed its name to Colmont School on 1 July 2022, then on 28 July announced it had been placed into administration and would close at the end of that week. History It was established in 1990 in the former Assumption College buildings, which were built in 1887 by the Marist Brothers of the Catholic Church. The site was purchased in the 1980s and renovated. The school opened in 1990 with two international students. In 2011, a Language Learning Centre was opened which now operates as the IB Centre. The school grounds contain a football oval, a soccer field, basketball courts and tennis courts. The school was a secondary school until 2009, when Years 5 and 6 were added. Years 3 and 4 were added as well, in 2015. On 1 July 2022, the school officially changed its name to Colmont School. On 28 July 2022, Colmont School announced it had been placed into administration and would close at the end of that week. Campus and facilities The main campus was in Kilmore, Victoria, located approximately 1.5 km from the town centre, at 40 White Street. Classes offered were from Years 3–12, with boarding available from Year 7. Scholarships for tuition were available once a year for new and existing students. International Baccalaureate curriculum In Year 11 and 12, students partook in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program (IBDP). The IBDP is internationally recognised and depending on a score out of 45 split between 6 subjects worth 7 marks each and 3 marks from a philosophical study known as "Theory of Knowledge" or better known as "TOK" and a 4000 word research project known as the "Extended Essay". Assuming a student achieves the highest possible IB score, 45, the student is eligible for direct enrolment into prestigious universities throughout the world. English and other languages All courses were taught in English with ESL (English as a Second Language) support in conjunction with normal academic subjects. Traditions In 2014, the "House Music" competition was added, which occurs within the school's house system. The four houses – Hudson (red), Mitchell (green), Rutledge (gold) and Hume (blue) – competed for the House Music Trophy. International Day occurred in Term 1, celebrating all the cultures of an international school. See also List of schools in Victoria List of boarding schools References External links Official web site for Colmont School
Cartier-Insel

Die Cartier-Insel ist eine kleine unbewohnte Insel in der Timorsee, einem Randmeer des Indischen Ozeans. Sie liegt etwa 300 Kilometer vor der australischen Nordwestküste und 200 Kilometer südlich der indonesischen Insel Roti. Von den Ashmore-Inseln ist die Cartier-Insel etwa 60 Kilometer entfernt. Die nahezu vegetationslose, flache Sandinsel liegt inmitten einer von einem Riff umschlossenen Lagune. Riff, Lagune und Insel haben zusammen eine Fläche von etwa 8 km²; davon entfallen etwa 0,05 km² auf trockenes Land. Die Cartier-Insel wurde um 1800 kartographiert und ist nach dem Entdeckerschiff Cartier benannt. 1909 nahm sie Großbritannien in Besitz. 1934 kam sie unter australische Kontrolle. Zusammen mit den nördlicher gelegenen Ashmore-Inseln bildet Cartier heute die Gruppe der Ashmore- und Cartierinseln, ein abhängiges australisches Außengebiet. Weblinks Cartier Insel - Informationsseite der australischen Regierung (engl.) Einzelnachweise
Cartier Island

Cartier Island is an uninhabited and unvegetated sand cay in a platform reef in the Timor Sea, north of Australia and south of Indonesia. It is within the Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands, an external territory of Australia. The land area of Cartier Island is about 0.4 hectares (1.0 acre). It is located at 12°31′S 123°33′E, on the edge of the Sahul Shelf, about 300 kilometres (190 mi) off the north west coast of Western Australia, 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of the Indonesian island of Roti, and 70 kilometres (43 mi) south-east of Ashmore Reef. At the southern edge of the reef is a shipwreck of the Ann Millicent, an iron-hulled barge of 944 tons wrecked in 1888. The remains of an RAAF Beaufighter can also be seen at low tide. Formerly used as a bombing range, access to the island is prohibited because of the risk of unexploded ordnance. The area is still a gazetted Defence Practice Area, but is no longer in active use. Cartier Island is completely unvegetated except for the seagrass Thalassia hemprichii, which grows in pockets of sand within the reef, and may be exposed at low tide. History The island was charted in 1800 and named after the ship Cartier. Its charted position was somewhat inaccurate until corrected in 1878 during a hydrographic survey by Lieutenant William Tooker in the Airlie. On 5 January 1888 the Ann Millicent was wrecked on the island during a voyage from the Gulf of Carpentaria to Adelaide, South Australia. In 1909 it was annexed by the United Kingdom, but on 23 July 1931 both Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island were transferred to Australia. During World War II the area was used as a bombing range. Cartier Island and the surrounding marine area within a 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) radius was a gazetted Defence Practice Area up to 20 July 2011 and has been used in the past as an air weapons range. Although the site is no longer an active weapons range there is a substantial risk that unexploded ordnance remains in the area. Cartier Island is within an area subject to a Memorandum of Understanding (known as the MOU Box) signed by Australia and Indonesia in 1974 and reviewed in 1989, which provided for continued Indonesian traditional fishing within limits. Environment and protection The Cartier Island Marine Park covers an area within 4 nautical miles (7 km) of the centre of the reef which is protected as a Sanctuary Zone (IUCN Ia). In 2003, environmental authorities closed maritime access to the island and its surrounding reef to build up depleted fish stocks and for safety reasons. Announced as a seven-year closure, Environment Australia planned to monitor levels of marine wildlife, and determine the presence of unexploded ordnance. Before then, the area was frequented by yachts, and fished by Indonesian boats. References Sources Cartier Island at the Gazetteer of Australia online Ashmore and Cartier Islands at CIA - The World Factbook
Isla Cartier

La isla Cartier​ (en inglés: Cartier Island)​ es un cayo de arena deshabitado y sin vegetación en un arrecife en el mar de Timor al norte de Australia y al sur de Indonesia. De acuerdo con la Mancomunidad de Naciones, la extensión territorial de las Islas Cartier es 0.004 kilómetros cuadrados (0,4 hectáreas). Se encuentra en las coordenadas 12°31′S 123°33′E, en el borde de la plataforma continental de Sahul, a unos 300 kilómetros frente a la costa noroeste de Australia Occidental, a 200 kilómetros al sur de la isla indonesia de Roti, y a 70 kilómetros al sureste del Arrecife Ashmore. Se encuentra dentro del territorio de Islas Ashmore y Cartier,​ un territorio externo de Australia. El área dentro de 4 millas náuticas (7 km) del centro del arrecife está protegido como la Reserva Marina de la Isla de Cartier (Cartier Island Marine Reserve). Fue declarado Reserva Marina en junio de 2000.​ En el extremo sur del arrecife esta los restos de la Ann Millicent, una barcaza con casco de hierro de 944 toneladas que naufragó allí en 1888. Los restos de un Beaufighter RAAF También se puede ver en la marea baja. Anteriormente utilizado como campo de tiro, el acceso a la isla está prohibido debido al riesgo de artefactos explosivos sin detonar. El área es todavía un Área de Práctica de Defensa, pero ya no está en uso activo. Véase también Geografía de Australia Geografía de Oceanía Referencias
Cartier (otok)

Otok Cartier je nenaseljeni otok bez vegetacije na grebenu u Timorskom moru sjeverno od Australije i južno od Indonezije. Nalazi se unutar teritorija otočja Ashmore i Cartier, vanjskog teritorija Australije. Površina otoka Cartier iznosi oko 0.4 ha. Nalazi se na koordinatama 12°31′S 123°33′E, na rubu Sahulskog šelfa, oko 300 km od sjeverozapadne obale Zapadne Australije, 200 km južno od indonezijskog otoka Rote i 70 km jugoistočno od grebena Ashmore. Na južnom rubu grebena nalazi se olupina Ann Millicent, teglenice sa željeznim trupom od 944 tone koja je imala brodolom 1888. Ostaci RAAF Beaufightera također se mogu vidjeti za vrijeme oseke. Prije korišten kao poligon za bombardiranje, pristup otoku je zabranjen zbog opasnosti od neeksplodiranih ubojitih sredstava. Područje je još uvijek označeno kao područje vojnih vježbi, ali više nije u aktivnoj upotrebi. Otok Cartier potpuno je bez vegetacije osim morske trave Thallassia hemprichii, koja raste u džepovima pijeska unutar grebena i može biti izložena za vrijeme oseke. Povijest Otok je ucrtan na karte 1800. godine i dobio je ime po brodu Cartier. Njegov ucrtani položaj bio je pomalo netočan sve dok nije ispravljen 1878. tijekom hidrografskog istraživanja poručnika Williama Tookera u Airlieju. Dana 5. siječnja 1888. Ann Millicent se nasukala na otoku tijekom putovanja od zaljeva Carpentaria do Adelaidea u Južnoj Australiji. Godine 1909. pripojen je Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu, ali je 23. srpnja 1931., zajedno s grebenom Ashmore predan Australiji. Tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata ovo područje je korišteno kao poligon za ispitivanje bombi. Otok Cartier i okolno morsko područje unutar 10 km promjera je do 20. srpnja 2011. službeno je bilo područje za vojne vježbe i u prošlosti se koristilo kao poligon za zračno oružje. Iako se mjesto više ne koristi za testiranje oružja, postoji znatan rizik od neeksplodiraih ubojitih sredstava zaostalih u tom području. Otok Cartier je unutar područja koje podliježe Memorandumu o razumijevanju (poznatom kao MOU Box) koji su potpisale Australija i Indonezija 1974. i revidiran 1989., a koji je predviđao nastavak indonezijskog tradicionalnog ribolova unutar granica ovog područja. Okoliš i zaštita Morski park otoka Cartier obuhvaća područje unutar 7 km od središta grebena, koje je zaštićeno je kao zona utočišta (IUCN Ia). Godine 2003., ekološke vlasti zatvorile su pomorski pristup otoku i okolnom grebenu kako bi potakli obnovu iscrpljenog ribljeg fonda i iz sigurnosnih razloga. Najavljeno kao sedmogodišnje zatvaranje, Environment Australia planiralo je pratiti razine morskih divljih životinja i utvrditi prisutnost neeksplodiranih ubojitih sredstava. Prije tog vremena, područje su posjećivale jahte i indonezijski ribarski brodovi. Izvori Vanjske poveznice Cartier Island at the Gazetteer of Australia online Ashmore and Cartier Islands Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 8. travnja 2024. (Wayback Machine) at CIA - The World Factbook Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 7. studenoga 2017. (Wayback Machine)
Cartier (eiland)

Cartier (Engels: Cartier Island) is een onbewoond zandeiland in de Indische Oceaan tussen Australië en Indonesië. Het eiland behoort tot het Australische externe territorium Ashmore- en Cartiereilanden en is geheel onbegroeid met uitzondering van zeegras dat met laag tij zichtbaar kan worden. Het eiland ligt in het midden van een door een rif omsloten lagune. Rif, lagune en eiland samen hebben een oppervlakte van 44 km², waarvan slechts 0,17 km² voor het eiland zelf. Cartier werd in 1800 voor het eerst in kaart gebracht en is vernoemd naar het gelijknamige schip waarmee het eiland is ontdekt. In 1909 werd het eiland door het Verenigd Koninkrijk in bezit genomen en in 1931 aan Australië overgedragen.
Cartier Island

Cartier Island – niezamieszkana piaszczysta wyspa na Oceanie Indyjskim, wchodząca w skład australijskiego terytorium zależnego Wyspy Ashmore i Cartiera. Ma około 0,4 ha powierzchni. Wyspa znajduje się na granicy szelfu Sahul, około 70 km na południowy wschód od Ashmore Reef. Od wybrzeża Australii dzieli ją około 300 km, a od indonezyjskiej wyspy Roti około 200 km. Historia Wyspa stała się własnością brytyjską w 1911 roku. W 1931 roku przeszła pod zarząd Australii. Podczas II wojny światowej i przez następne 40 lat była wykorzystywana przez lotnictwo jako obszar ćwiczebnych bombardowań. Wody wokół wyspy były często wykorzystywane przez indonezyjskich rybaków do połowów (od marca do listopada). Były one zwykle nadzorowane przez australijskich urzędników. W 2000 roku wyspa wraz z okolicznymi wodami została uznana za park morski i objęta ochroną. W 2003 roku władze całkiem zamknęły wody wokół wyspy dla jednostek pływających (również turystycznych) na okres 7 lat ze względu na zbyt duże wyeksploatowanie niektórych gatunków ryb, a także by móc przeszukać wody pod kątem niewybuchów. Przypisy
Картье (остров)

Остров Картье — небольшой необитаемый тропический остров на окончании континентального шельфа Австралии. Он находится в Индийском океане, на расстоянии примерно 200 километров к югу от Индонезийского острова Роти, в 300 километрах к северу от Австралии и в 70 километров к юго-западу от рифа Ашмор. Максимальная высота — 2 метра. Остров полностью лишён растительности. Длина Картье с севера на юг — 100 метров, с запада на восток — 600 метров. Площадь рифового острова Картье — 0,4 гектара. История Остров Картье был нанесён на карту в 1800 году и назван в честь корабля «Картье». В 1909 году аннексирован Великобританией. Внешняя территория Австралии с 1931 года. Во время Второй мировой войны использовался как полигон для бомбардировок. В августе 1983 года был объявлен национальным заповедником. Остров Картье находится на территории, на которую распространяется Меморандум о взаимопонимани (известный как Меморандум о взаимопонимании), подписанный Австралией и Индонезией в 1974 году и пересмотренный в 1989 году, который предусматривал продолжение традиционного индонезийского рыболовства в определённых пределах. Климат
Hammond Park Secondary College

Hammond Park Secondary College is an independent public co-educational high day school, located in the Perth suburb of Hammond Park, Western Australia. Overview Hammond Park Secondary College opened to Year 7 students in 2020. It is situated in Perth's growing suburb of Hammond Park. The first stage of the school had a student capacity of 725, and was built at a cost of $53.75 million. The second stage, which opened in 2023 has a planned capacity of 1,450 students between Years 7 and 12, and a cost of $16.79 million. There is still empty land in 2024 with gravel, which plans are there will be demountable classrooms for the year 12’s when they arrive at the school in 2025. The school was built as part of the "WA Schools Public Private Partnership Project", in which a private corporation designs, builds, finances and maintains eight schools in Perth, under contract from the Western Australian government. Local intake area Hammond Park Secondary College's local intake area covers Aubin Grove, Banjup (south of Gibbs Road), Hammond Park, Henderson (south of Cockburn Road), Mandogalup, Wattleup and Wandi. Students living in the local intake area have a guaranteed place at the school if they apply. Enrolment Head Staff See also List of schools in the Perth metropolitan area References
Cascades Female Factory

The Cascades Female Factory, a former Australian workhouse for female convicts in the penal colony of Van Diemen's Land, is located in South Hobart, Tasmania. Operational between 1828 and 1856, the factory is now one of the 11 sites that collectively compose the Australian Convict Sites, listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. Collectively the Australian Convict Sites represent an exceptional example of the forced migration of convicts and an extraordinary example of global developments associated with punishment and reform. Representing the female experience, the Cascades Female Factory demonstrates how penal transportation was used to expand Britain's spheres of influence, as well as to punish and reform female convicts. Now operational as a museum and tourist attraction, the site is managed by the Port Arthur Historic Site Management Authority. The Cascades Female Factory Historic Site consists of three of the original five yards. It is open every day (except Christmas) and offers a range of tours. History Some rooms in the Macquarie Street Gaol served as a temporary Hobart "Female Factory" in the mid-1820s. The Cascades Female Factory was purpose-built in 1828 and operated as a convict facility until 1856. It was intended to remove women convicts from the negative influences and temptations of Hobart, and also to protect society from what was seen as their immorality and corrupting influence. The Factory was located, however, in an area of damp swamp land, and with overcrowding, poor sanitation and inadequate food and clothes, there was a high rate of disease and mortality among its inmates. The Cascades Female Factory is the only remaining female factory with extant remains which give a sense of what female factories were like. It is included on the Australian National Heritage List. It was inscribed on the World Heritage list in July 2010, along with ten other Australian convict sites. History and Interpretation Centre development Between 2018 and 2019, almost 35,000 people visited the site. A design competition for a new History and Interpretation Centre was won by an international team composed of Tasmanian practice Liminal Studio, international firm Snøhetta and Melbourne landscape architecture practice Rush Wright Associates in 2018. In 2020, the State Government committed $3 million towards the new $5 million Visitor and Interpretation Centre to enhance the storytelling experience and increase visitation. The Federal Government contributed the remaining $2 million. The Cascades Female Factory Historic Site was re-opened in March, 2022 with the launch of the new History and Interpretation Centre, with Honourable Madeleine Ogilvie MP and Honourable Dame Quentin Bryce delivering keynote speeches. Gallery See also Female Factory References External links Official website Tasmanian Heritage Council information package Old Photographs of Cascades' Female Factory, 1892