Γαλλικός γλωσσικός οδηγός

Πρότυπο:CountryData2HTMLΠρότυπο:GPX indicatorΠρότυπο:PAGEBANNER:French phrasebook banner Sign in Geneva.jpg == Οδηγός προφοράς == === Φωνήεντα === Note: Most final consonants are silent except for c, q, f, l, and r (except in the combination "-er", normally found in verb infinitives). Sometimes, final consonants that are normally silent would be pronounced if followed by a word which starts with a vowel, a phenomenon known as liaison (eg. mes amis would be pronounced MEH-ZAH-MI). Note that the plural ending "-ent" for verbs is never pronounced, though it is pronounced in other words. b like "b" in "bed" c like "k" in "kill" (before "a", "o", and "u" or before a consonant), like "s" in "sun" (before "e", "i", and "y") ç like "s" in "sun" (this letter can only be written before "a" ,"o", or "u") d like "d" in "death" (but a bit heavier than in English, and pronounced on the tongue) dj like "j" as in "jump", but this digraph is pretty rare. f like "f" in "fun" g like "g" in "go" (before "a", "o", and "u" or before a consonant) , like "g" in "sabotage" (before "e", "i" and "y"). gu like "g" in "goose" (before "e", "i", "y"); if the u is to be pronounced, it will be written with a diaresis (eg. aigüe) gn like "ny" in "canyon". This is particularly difficult when followed by oi, as in baignoire (beh-NYWAR) "bathtub". h silent, but may sometimes prevent a liaison with the former word j like "g" in "sabotage" k like "k" in "kill" (only used for loanwords) l, ll like "l" in "like" ; some exceptions for "ll" in the combination "ille" (pronounced ee-yuh) m like "m" in "me" n like "n" in "nurse" (but see Nasals below) p like "p" in "spill" (unaspirated like the t) ph like "f" in "fun" and like "ph" in "Philadelphia" q(u) most of the time like "k" in "kill" (not like "qu" in "quick"); in some words like "qu" in "quick" (generally before an "a") or the same but with a French u (generally before an "i") r guttural; kind of like coughing up a hairball (similar to a German "ch") s like "s" in "sun" ; like "z" in "zero" (between two vowels) ch like "sh" in "bush" ; sometimes like "k" in "kill" (in words of Greek origin mostly) t, th like "t" in "take" (never like "th" as in "the" or the "th" in "thin") (unaspirated, it should sound dry and on the tongue, like that of a Spanish speaker) tch like "ch" as in chat, but this digraph is very rare. v like "v" in "value" w only in foreign words, mostly like "w" in "wise" and sometimes like "v" in "value" (in particular, "wagon" is "vagon" and "WC" is "VC"!) x either ks (like "x" in "exit") or gz z like "z" in "zero" === Nasals === an, en, em nasal a (not always pronounced as a nasal, especially if the n or m is doubled: emmental is pronounced as a normal "emm" sound) on nasal o - distinguishing between this and "an" is tricky, it's a deeper, more closed sound in, ain nasal è un nasal eu (sometimes pronounced the same as 'in') oin nasal "wè" (thus, coin is a nasalised "cwè") === Σύμφωνα === === Δίφθογγοι === == Συχνές φράσεις == === Βασικά === === Προβλήματα === === Αριθμοί === 1 un/une (uhn)/(uun) 2 deux (deu) 3 trois (trwah) 4 quatre (kahtr) 5 cinq (sihnk) 6 six (sees) 7 sept (set) 8 huit (weet) 9 neuf (neuf) 10 dix (deece) 11 onze (onz) 12 douze (dooz) 13 treize (trayz) 14 quatorze (kat-ORZ) 15 quinze (kihnz) 16 seize (says) 17 dix-sept (dee-SET) 18 dix-huit (dee-ZWEET) 19 dix-neuf (deez-NUF) 20 vingt (vihnt) 21 vingt-et-un (vihng-tay-UHN) 22 vingt-deux (') 23 vingt-trois (βεντρουά) 30 trente (τράντ) 40 quarante (καράντ) 50 cinquante (σανκάντ) 60 soixante (σουαξάντ) 70 soixante-dix (σουαξάντ ντις) or septante (sep-TAHNGT) in Belgium and Switzerland 80 quatre-vingts (κατρ βαν'); huitante (weet-AHNT) in Belgium and Switzerland (except Geneva); octante (oct-AHNT) in Switzerland 90 quatre-vingt-dix (κατρ βαν ντι); nonante (noh-NAHNT) in Belgium and Switzerland 100 cent (σαν) 200 deux cents (ντ σαν') 300 trois cents (τρουά σαν) 1000 mille (meel) 2000 deux mille (deu meel) 1,000,000 un million (ung mee-LYOHN) (treated as a noun when alone: one million euros would be un million d'euros. 1,000,000,000 un milliard 1,000,000,000,000 un billion αριθμός _____ (τρένο, λεωφορείο, κτλ.) numéro _____ (νυμερό') μισό demi (ντμί), moitié (μουατιέ) λιγότερο moins (μουέν) περισσότερο plus (πλυς) === Χρόνος === τώρα maintenant (μεντνάν') αργότερα plus tard (πλυ ταρ) προηγουμένως avant ('αβάν) μετά après (απρέ) το πρωί le matin ('λ ματέν) το απόγευμα l'après-midi (λ'απρέ μιντί) το βράδυ le soir (l σουάρ) τη νύχτα la nuit (λα νυί) την νύχτα, κατά την διάρκεια της νύχτας pendant la nuit (παντάν λα νυί) ==== Το ρολόι ==== (Note on time: the French use the 24 hour clock, with midnight being 0h00 (note that, except on digital clocks, in France an 'h' is used as a separator between hours and minutes as opposed to a colon in many other countries). However, the 12-hour clock is making some inroads and saying 1-11 in the afternoon or evening will be understood. ώρα heure (ερ) λεπτό minute (μινίτ) 10.20 ή "δέκα και είκοσι" = 10h20; "dix heures vingt" (διζ ερ βαν) 10.40 ή "Είκοσι λεπτά στις ένδεκα" = 10h40; "onze heures moins vingt" (ονζ ερ μουέν βαν) Example: 7.15 or "quarter past seven" = 7h15; "sept heures et quart" (set er eh kahr) quarter to [hour] moins quart (mwa(n) kahr) Example: 16.45 or "quarter to five" = 16h45; "dix sept heures moins le quart" (dee-set er mwan luh kahr) half-past et demie (eh duh-MEE); et demi (after 12 midnight or 12 noon, eh duh-MEE) Example : 10.30 or "half past ten" = 10h30; "dix heures et demie" (deez er eh duh-MEE) Example : 12.30 or "half past twelve" = 12h30; "douze heures et demi" (dooz er eh duh-MEE) one o'clock AM, 1.00 1h00; une heure du matin (uun er duu ma-TAN) two o'clock AM, 2.00 2h00; deux heures du matin (dooz er duu ma-TAN) noon, 12.00 12h00; midi (mee-DEE) one o'clock PM, 13.00 13h00; treize heures (traiyz er) une heure de l'après-midi (uun er duh la-preh-mee-DEE) two o'clock PM, 14.00 14h00; quatorze heures (KAH-torz er) deux heures de l'après-midi (duz er duh la-preh-mee-DEE) six o'clock PM, 18.00 18h00; dix-huit heure (deez-weet ER) six heures du soir (seez er duu SWAR) half past seven PM, 19.30 19h30; sept heures et demi (SET er eh duh-MEE) dix-neuf heures trente (DEE-znuf er TRAHNT) midnight, 0.00 0h00; minuit (mee-NWEE) ==== Διάρκεια ==== _____ minute(s) _____ minute(s) (mee-NOOT) _____ hour(s) _____ heure(s) (er) _____ day(s) _____ jour(s) (zhoor) _____ εβδομάδα _____ semaine (σμαιν) _____ μήνας _____ mois (μουά) _____ year(s) _____ an(s) (ahng), année(s) (ah-NAY) hourly horaire (oh-RAIR) καθημερινός quotidien / quotidienne (ko-tee-DYAN / ko-tee-DYEN) εβδομαδιαίος hebdomadaire (eb-doh-ma-DAIYR) μηνιαίος mensuel / mensuelle (mang-suu-WEL) ετήσιος annuel / annuelle (ah-nuu-WEL) How long is your vacation? Combien de temps restez-vous en vacances ? (com-bee-AN duh ton res-TAY voo on VAH-kons); Μένω στην Γαλλία για δέκα μέρες Je reste en France pendant dix jours. (z ρεστ αν Φρανς παντάν ντι ζουρ) Πόσο διαρκεί το ταξίδι? Combien de temps le voyage dure-t-il ? (κομπιέν ντ ταμ λ βουαγιάζ ντυρ-τ-ιλ?) Διαρκεί μιάμιση ώρα Cela dure une heure et demie. (σελά ντυρ υν ερ ε ντεμί )