National Institutes of Health

National Institutes of Health (NIH) er en institusjon under USAs helse- og omsorgsdepartement og er ansvarlig for USAs føderale innsats innen biomedisinsk og helserelatert forskning. NIH har (per 2023) av 27 underliggende enheter, som kalles enten institutter eller sentre. NIHs forløper ble etablert i 1887 som Laboratory of Hygiene. Det vokste og ble i 1930 reorganisert til National Institutes of Health. I 2003 var NIH ansvarlig for 28 %, eller om lag 28 milliarder US dollar, av USAs totale biomedisinske forskningsbeløp; resten kom fra farmasøytisk industri. Liste over underliggende enheter Enhetene er sortert kronologisk etter hvilket år de ble etablert: Institutter National Cancer Institute (NCI) – etablert i 1937 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) – etablert i 1948 National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) – etablert i 1948 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) – etablert i 1948 National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) – etablert i 1949 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDKK) – etablert i 1950 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) – etablert i 1950 Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) – etablert i 1962 National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) – etablert i 1962 National Eye Institute (NEI) – etablert i 1968 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) – etablert i 1969 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) – etablert i 1970 National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) – etablert i 1974 National Institute on Aging (NIA) – etablert i 1974 National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) – etablert i 1986 National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) – etablert i 1988 National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) – etablert i 1989 National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) – etablert i 1999 National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) – etablert i 2000 National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) – etablert i 2010 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) – etablert i 2011 Sentre Center for Scientific Review (CSR) — etablert i 1946 NIH Clinical Center (CC) — etablert i 1953 Center for Information Technology (CIT) — etablert i 1964 Fogarty International Center (FIC) — etablert i 1968 National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) — etablert i 1999 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) — etablert i 2011 Referanser Eksterne lenker (en) Offisielt nettsted (en) National Institutes of Health – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på Commons