Turkey

Turkey (土耳其) Gaga kska Yacow ma Owcow ka Turkey, 39 00 N, 35 00 E ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 783,562 sq km (hangan na o Tg37) (knlbanga dxgal o 769,632 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 13,930 sq km). Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 80,274,604 hiyi. Gaga Ankara ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 29 idas 10 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Turkey ga wada sugan 49.70% ka dxgal qpahan, 14.90% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 35.40% na. Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, pnaah hngkawas 2014 idas 8 jiyax 28pnrajing kmlawa klwaan. cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’ Turkey (土耳其) Turkey Kohkwo (Kari Turkey: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) splawa dha Turkey (Kari Turkey: Türkiye), qnlhangan hmqangaw Oco mi Asia ddha Co, tndxral dha u kiya ka knkana Tuiwil Asia Anadolia Pantaw, kiya mi Balkan Pantaw na nniqan Tunarac Thrace. Tudaya u msdalih Qalux Ucilung, Tuhunac u msdalih Ucilung Kcka Dxral, tunarac hunac u tuhuy mslutuc dxral Syria mi Iraq, tuiwil u msdalih Ucilung Aegean, kiya u mslutuc dxral Hellas mi Bulgaria, tunarac u mslutuc dxral Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran. Mniq iyax Anadolia Pantaw mi nniqan Tunarac Thrace niya, kiya ka Ucilung Bosporus, Ucilung Marmara mi Ucilung Dardanelle, mnuUcilung Qalux, splawa dha Ucilung Turkey uri, kiya ka murux bay 1 uuda uusa Ucilung Qalux mi Ucilung Kcka Dxral. Ana so knbeyhing bay alang mkbrnux ka Istanbul, binaw sotu niya u wa mniq tukcka balay tubaraw brnux Anadolia ka Ankara. Hangan qnlhangan Turkey u snpeyah Otuman Tikwo putting hiti u Turkic minjoku ka pnkla dhiya nanaq, alaw mnskari Turkic minjoku kiya ka dmuwi dungus sediq Turkic ka ‘Turkey’ ka ngalan hangan qnlhangan dha. Snpeyyah kngkawas 1980 ka Turkey daw kiya ka mbiyax bay tumal Omong, binaw Omong u alaw pphuqil Tudaya Kibris, Armenia joku, smquri mipix Kurds joku, biyax sediq mi mtrawah sinbung mi snhiyan Islam kyo ka pusu na syakay dmonday, kiya ka mdakar Turkey tumal Omong. Turkey u mniq kngkawas 2009 prading ka Turkic Gikay na mnqnlhangan. Knkkarac niya u mnMuxul Ucilung Kcka Dxral Knkkarac, tuhunac mi tuiwil knkkarac u muxul, rbawan u kndnguwan mtilux, misan u ou quyux; mkngahu Ucilung Qalux u, mtltu mhuriq; kcka dxral, tunarac daya, tunarac hunac u mskuy misan, rbawan u kndnguwan mtilux. Rikisi (歷史) Anadolia Pantaw ka kana qnlangan knama balay ida nniqan mnniq sediq uri, kiya ka knkana nniqan Turkey saya. Sediq Anadolia cbiyaw snpeyyah Burah Bbtunux jidayi daw mnniq kndusan dha hini, dhuq Bukung Alexander ka miyah bnrmux mangal dxral hini. Minjoku niyi u to bay dmuwi kari Anadolia (In O yusi ni 1 cida). Kari Hittite mi kari Luvian u bsiyaq balay rikisi, qusi so duma niqan knklanan sediq qnita dha u Anadolia u ya bay pusu balay nniqan pnyahan knou kari In O yusi. Turkey nniqan na Oco u splawa dha Tunarac Thrace, hmrinas 4 knbkiyan kngkawas tna niqan sediq mniq da, kiya mi ya bay BC. kngkawas 6000 cida daw kiya ka wada mtmay Burah Btunux jidayi, sediq mnniq hiya u prading muda phuma pnwalang uri da. Turkey Konghkwo (土耳其共和國) Bukuy syeyweykwo mquri Cyunsu Tantingpaw mi Sumaynna ka knrmux mangal kiya ka mbbur muda Turkey Kokomin Undo. Mniq kcka Mccbu Gallipoli u phiyu hangan ka bukung heytay Mustahwa Kaymor hini, dmudul Mccbu Dukuricu Turkey, smatang muda pnsung tyawkwan kcka “Pnsdhu Sofoar”. Kngkawas 1922 idas 9 diyax 18, wada psltadan lmiwaq ka heytay mnnangal, mnniq Ankara na Turkey cngcweyn (Kngkawas 1920 idas 4 u dhiya nanaq rmngaw mndungus waya seyhu) prading spuda horicu wada dha sbrahan kongho ticu ka smudal Otuman ticu. Kngkawas 1922 dhuq idas 7 diyax 24 “Pnsdhuwan Rosang” Kngkawas 1922 idas 11 diyax 1, phiyu burah pnsdhuwan gikay kiya ka balay bay plixan ka qnlhanga Sudan, wada pqhduwan ka 623 knkawas qlhangan Otuman cyuncu tongcu. Kngkawas 1923 idas 7 diyax 24 muda pbatas patas “Pnsdhuwan Rosang”, pnhiyu na burah ‘Turkey Konghkwo’ u wada srwanan qnlangan lmutuc qnlhangan muru waya rmirih Otumman Tikwo, konghkwo u mniq kngkawas 1923 idas 10 diyax 29 mniq sotu Ankara mndungus balay pkla kari phiyu. “Pnsdhuwan Rosang” u wada pnwaya sediq Hellas mi Turkey u muda ppriyux, 110 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq Hellas u mlatac Turkey mmusa Hellas, kiya mi 380,000 hiyi Muslim u snpeyyah Hellas miyah Turkey. Cyunsu (軍事) Turkey ucwang butay u spuda pnssliyan Heytay Tuelu mi Heytay Tukarac. Keynpey mi Keynweytuy mkngahu ucilung u sqlahang Neywubu kddiyax, binaw mccbu daw muru dndulan Heytay Tuelu mi Heytay Tukarac, mniq diyax iyax cida, niqan knkla dha kcka heytay hoting mi uuda cyunsu. Turkey ucwang butayi ka Tudaya Wey tu2 knbeyhing ida kiya butayi, muthiti heytay Amirika, spuda Tudaya Wey mniq snpuwan kngkawas 2011, Turkey u niqan 495,000 hiyi malu skulan biyax ucwang. Turkey u wada ngalan nniqan tukcka narac quri so Israel dungan mbiyax balay dmuwi biyax cyunsu. Singcng cyuhwa (行政區劃) Turkey singcng cyuhwa dha u psnakan tngci sng, keyng, go, song. Knkana qnlhangan u niqan 81 sng. Knhbrawan hiyi sediq (人口) Snlhayan snhiyan (宗教) Turkey pa uka snhiyan pnsdhuwan qnlhangan na qnlhangan ida mbabaw dxral, keyngpo Turkey u pndungus sediq qnlhangan u niqan biyax mtrawah smluhay snhiyan dha nanaq. Binaw alaw ka to bay smluhay snhiyan Islam kyo na Muslim, niqan knbeyhing bay dndulan niya syakay ka snhiyan dha. Spuda snpeyyah burah bay patas Isobu pkla, kngkawas 2016 u, Islam kyo ka pusu bay slhayan snhiyan Turkey, kiya ka knkana knhbrawan hiyi sediq 83%, thiti na u niqan 13% ka sediq ini sluhay niya, Kiristo kyo ka 2%. Minjoku (民族) Kcka sediq Turkey pa, ya bay knkana sediq 70%-75% ka sediq Turkey, sediq Kurds ka 18%, duma so ini khbaraw minjoku u ya bay 7%-12% kiya. Sediq Turkey (土耳其人) Sediq Turkey ka pusu bay minjoku Turkey Konghkwo saya, to bay snpeyyah babaw 11 th daw kndadax Tukcka Asia thdil miyah tiping Asia na sediq Ukus, 96.8% ka Muslim, kcka niya u to bay Syunnipay, msngari 2% daw pusu niya ka Kiristo kyo mi Yodaya kyo. Lnlingay nniqan (地理) Turkey pa wa mniq hicyo bay dxral nniqan ayus pnltudan Oco mi Asia, knkana knbeyhing tndxral dha u 780,576 pinhwang km, kntiping hari Pakistan. Tudaya u msdalih Ucilung Qarux, mksipaw tqita Romania, Ukraine mi Russia; tuhunac u mslutuc Ucilung Kcka Dxral, msthiyaq ptqita Kibris, Micrayim mi Israel; dqras tunarac u tuhuy mslutuc qnlhangan Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq mi Syria knou bay qnlhangan psllutuc; tuiwil u msdalih Ucilung Aegean, kiya mi mniq tuiwil daya u tuhuy psllutuc dxral Hellas mi Bulgaria. Keyjay (經濟) Turkey u kiya ka knkana qnlangan tu13 bnkuwan kcka qnlhangan sngcan congcu (biyax mbari pingcya) na cingciti, mniq jncyun kcka qnlhangan sngcan congcu tu45 bnkuwan. Turkey ka Pnsliyan Keyjay Hocwo Mi Pkrana (OECD) na qnlhangan pnrdingan, kiya ka wa tumal 20 Qnlhangan Citwan (G20) uri; kngkawas 1995 idas 12 diyax 31 Turkey u wada mtumal Omong haykwan tongmong uri. Kiya ka taxa Omong qnlhangan kaying hoseyngkwo uri. Canyey (產業) Qqpahan Smmalu Sapah (建築業) Spuda patas bnkuwan Turkey kongcng konghuy, kngkawas 2012, Turkey u niqan 33 kojyo mpqpah u wada spatas kwoci cyeyncuyey cokan kongcng burah bntasan (Engineering News Record) spatas bnkuwan kcka kwoci brah tu225 kongcng kojyo, Turkey u tu2 bnkuwan, snul bukuy Cyokoku. Qqpahan mpriwaw (旅遊業) Qqpahan sdmhaw rmiwaw pusu balay Turkey u kawku mi qmiri rikisi hniti tuqar cbiyaw, kiya uri ka Ucilung Aegean mi mkngahu Ucilung Kcka Dxral na ssiyaw ucilung pplahan sngayan ka pusu niya. Kawas nduray niyi, Turkey u wada yahan balay qmiri quri bungka uri, hiyi mi qcahur anmo mi pkmalu hiyi rrmiwaw uri. Spuda mnatas tongcicyu Turkey ka pkla, kngkawas 2002 dhuq kngkawas 2005 mnusa Turkey ka mpriwaw sediq qnlhangan icil u wada mrana balay, snpeyyah 1,280 knbkiyan hiyi knhbrawan sediq wada mrana dhuq 2,120 knbkiyan hiyi knbrawan sediq, Turkey u wada tubrah 10 knbeyhing qnlangan ssanan rriyawan ka Turkey. Kngkawas 2011 cida mnusa sdmhaw rmiwaw Turkey ka sediq u 3,615 knbkiyan hiyi knhbrawan sediq, pndkanan smliq pila taxa hiyi sediq u ya bay 637 pila Amirika, kawas cida u wada dhuq sntuku pila 230 oku pila Amirika. Kngkawas 2012 cida mniyah rmiwaw Turkey ka sediq u wada mrana dhuq 3,677 knbkiyan hiyi knhbrawan sediq. Nasi so spuwan ka cuxal mniyah ka sediq qnlhangan icil mniyah rmiwaw u, Doicu ka hbaraw balay, kngkawas 2012 cida u niqan 503 knbkiyan hiyi, thiti niya ka kndadax Russia u 360 knbkiya hiyi knhbrawan sediq, kiya mi Ingkoku ka 246 knbkiyan hiyi knhbrawan sediq, snpeyyah qnlhangan congtong sediq mpriwaw Turkey ka kawas nduray niyi u ida wisu mhraw bukuy uri, kngkawas 2011 snpeyyah Iran ka mpriwaw miyah Turkey u 188 knbkiyan hiyi knhbrawan sediq tu4 bnkuwan, kiya mi kngkawas 2012 daw Bulgaria ka 149 knbkiyan hiyi knhbrawan sediq rmirih. Sediq mpriwaw u uxay wana miyah sdmhaw rikis hniti tuqar Turkey, kiya mi tukcka u niqan tukubeycu bbtunux mi mndungus qtan ka nniqan hiya uri ka sanun dha sdmhaw, kingal ka yahan dha balay qmita u kiya ka tuhunac Turkey mkngahu Ucilung Aegean mi Ucilung Kcka Dxral na sngayan mduru. Qqpahan kanpyutar (電腦產業) Turkey kcka cusyun kcicanyey u, quri so mpsalu kanpyuta ka pusu balay uri; kanpyuta sbari dha knkawas u dhuq 350 knbkiyan day. Qqpahan syawhuy tyeyncu (消費電子業) Turkey na syawhuy tyeyncu canyey pusu balay u syawhuy tyeyncu mi teyncu tongsyun ka pusu niya. Kcka niya syawhuy tyeyncu canyey pusu smluwan niya ka treybi. Mpbari niya u smatang mari yicing treybi, so kiya u kasi ka musa mquri mkala burah knkla smalu ka smnalu dha quri treybi ka Turkey. Treybi smnalu Treybi mniq Oco pa qnita dha mpbari u, wada niqan ririh niya quri knkrayan mi mndungus smnalu niyi ddha knbalay niya. Qqpahan bhuway ddiyun qqiya deyngki sapah (白色家電業) Didiyun qqiya deynki tnsapah Turkey u mniq kngkawas 1950 daw kndadax pnrdingan smmalu dhuq pkrana smalu. Mwaya balay smnalu dha qqiya u mnoq kngkawas 1955 wada mnhdu smalu, hana balay prading smnalu dha pingsyang u smnalu ARCHELIK, kiya u mniq kngkawas 1960 ka prading psbari dha. Ddiyun qqiya deyngki tnsapah Turkey hana bay rading cida u spuda mangal hangan biyax smmalu, bukuy daw wada dhuq mangal knkla mpsalu daw, saya da u malu nanaq muda smmalu mi dhiya nanaq ka pkrana knkla smmalu, kiya ka wada sbari knkana qnlangan uri da. Saya u ddiyun qqiya deyngki tnsapah ka mndungus balay qqpahan quri Turkey. Qqpahan rulu haya (汽車工業) Qqpahan rulu haya Turkey hana pnrdingan niya u snpeyyah kngkkawas 1950 tukcka, dhuq kngkkawas 1960 tubrah cida daw prading kndudul ini biyaw mrana, kiya mi hmuc hbaraw balay Oco, Amirika mi Nihong qnlhangan icil miyah psdhuq mpsalu niya koba. Saya daw wada knbeyhing balay mpsalu basu Omong mi tu3 mpsalu clokah rulu ddiyun msobay na qnlhangan. Qqpahan tminun (紡織業) Turkey ka tnpusu balay mpsalu lukus tnninun, kiya ka Omong tu2 pnyahan lukus tnninun qnlhangan. Lukus tninun qumi u ya bay knkana qnlangan na 4.3%, knkana qnlhangan na u tu4 knbeyhing bnkuwan. Lukus pingcu cuko sucang canyoryu u 2.9%, knkana qnlangan na tu8 knbeyhing bnkuwan. Turkey qqpahan tminun ka tu10 brah qnlhangan uri. Qqpahan xxiluy (鋼鐵業) Qqpahan xxihuy u pusu bay qqpahan Turkey uri, pusu bay cuko xxiluy Turkey ka Congtong, pusu balay tu3 cuko sucang ka Sauti Arapo, Iraq mi Arapo Ryeynh Takongkwo. Kngkawas 2012 knkana qnlangan kndux xxiluy (crude steel) canryang ka 15 oku kngtun, pdkanun kngkawas 2011 na kndakil ryu u 6.8%, kngkawas 2012 na knrana kndux xxiluy u wada mlih 5%, pusu balay pnyahan kndux xxiluy u Nihong, Doicu, Ukraine, Brazil mniq kngkawas 2012 u wada mlih kana uri, kiya mi mniq kngkawas 2012 ka Turkey u ida mdhu bay mdakil 5.2%, pnyahan dha u dhuq 3,590 knbkiyan kongtun. Qqpahan pnwalang (農業) Knbeyhing tndxral Turkey u ya bay 7,800 knbkiyan lituk, ddiyun qqpahan pnwalang u yabay 3,900 knbkiyan lituk, malu dan tmabun phuma pnwalang u ya bay 2,400 knbkiyan lituk, llmiqu u ya bay 2,100 knbkiyan lituk. Quri so ddxral qqpahan pnwalang u, kiya ka kbeyhing bay knkana qnlangan na qnlhangan uri, kiya ka knkana qnlangan ini khbaraw qnlhangan ini stama cinko mi malu pttuku ddiyun dha nanaq, kiya mi niqan msngari malu waysyaw qnlhangan icil ka pnwalang pnhuma dha. Quri so pkrana keyjay ka qqpahan pnwalang Turkey u ida stmaun dha balay uri, Turkey ka knkana qnlangan knbeyhing bya hiyi pnwalang cnkwo, uhwakwo, singjn, singtaw, pndnguwan lipas na pnyahan qnlhangan, kiya mi tu4 knbeyhing bnkuwan ssama mi hiyi pnwalang, tu6 knbeyhing bnkuwan wasaw puqan, tu8 knbeyhing bnkuwan quri bbuwax mi mmugi, kiya mi tu10 knbeyhing bnkuwan pnyahan wata qnlhangan, kawas kawas pnyahan ssama mi hiyi pnwalang u dhuq 4,000 knbkiyan kongtun, cuko pnhuma pnwalang u kiya knkana bbuwax mi mugi, ssukay, sato, cyeynkwo, dnnguwan hiyi pnwalang, abura kandang, pusu balay sbari cuko sucang ka Omong, Amirika mi qnlhangan Congtong. Qqpahan Kwan (礦業) Pusu balay kwangcan u kiya ka knkana: Mey, pusu gasoring, xiluy, pong, ro mi dong. Qnlhangan Turkey pong kwang cangryang u kiya ka knkana qnlangan na 2/3, kiya ka knkana qnlangan na 5 knbeyhing pnyahan ro pndungus qnlhangan uri, ro kwancanryang u knkana qnlangan na 70%, kiya ka tu1 knkana qnlangan, qqiya dha u pusu balay waysyaw dha sbari Cyoka Jnmin Konghkwo. Cuwey (資源) Turkey u wa mniq Ucilung Qalux ka kari bay mttuku ida nkiya qnpahan. Kyoiku (教育) Turkey u pndungus 6-14 kngkawas na yiwu kyoiku, knkana balay u ya bay niqan 820 kiya uri ka pyasan tubeyhing uri ka kkluwanan kyoiku ciko, ya bay niqan 100 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi ka laqi muyas. 15 ka pusu balay sapah pnhyuwan pyasan tubeyhing u wa mniq Istanpaw mi Ankara. Uxay yiwu kyoiku pusu bay u spuda kawtng kyoiku ingkay ka muda seykining, kiya ka snpeyyah pila bnuway jeyking sediq qnlhangan ka dmayaw muway. Pyasan tubeyhing u kndadax kngkawas 1998 prading daw wada mangal knbeyhing bay biyax dhiya nanaq ka qmlahang dhiya nanaq, kiya mi mbiyax bay msupu knkingal qqpahan msobay niya pkrana ddiyun dha mi nngalan dha. Tiyu (體育) Ana so to bay mniq Asia co ka tndxral dha, binaw Turkey saya u Oco Olimpiko Ingkay mi tumal Oco Mtur Boru Syeyhuy Ryeynmong. Kcka qnlhangan Turkey pnsung mtur boru ryeynsay ka Turkey Cawci Mtur Boru Ryeynsay, kcka duma mpmtur boru mray so Karata Sarey, Fene Paci mi Pesik Tas u knttu musa pnsung Okwan Ryeynsay mi Oroba Ryeynsay. Turkey u niqan nanaq Turkey Rancyo Ryeynsay, mntumal Oco Rncyo Syeyhuy. Tuci (圖集) Pnyahan pnataas (參考資料) Snluan qcinuh:Commons CIA Tnhjil kari seejiq Watan Diro(瓦旦 吉洛) mtabug. 外交部 List of current heads of state and government