Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Izina rya crater rifite inkomoko ya onomatopoeic; yitiriwe abashumba ba Maasai nyuma yijwi ryakozwe na cowbell ( ngoro ngoro ). Hashingiwe ku bimenyetso by’ibinyabuzima OH 7 biboneka ku kibaya cya Olduvai, amoko atandukanye ya hominid yigaruriye ako gace byibuze miliyoni 1.75. Abahiga basimbuwe n'abashumba mu myaka ibihumbi ishize. Abanyayiraki baje muri kariya gace hashize imyaka igera ku 2000 kandi bifatanya na Datooga ahagana mu mwaka wa 1700. Iyo mitwe yombi yirukanywe muri ako gace na Maasai mu myaka ya 1800. Abanyaburayi bazwiho kuba abarakandagije ikirenge muri Ngorongoro Crater kugeza mu 1892 ubwo yasurwa na Oscar Boumann. Abavandimwe babiri b'Abadage (Adolph na Friedrich Siedentopf) bahinze muri icyo cyobo kugeza Intambara ya mbere y'isi yose nyuma yo gukodesha ubutaka ku buyobozi bwa Afurika y'uburasirazuba bw'abadage. Abavandimwe bahoraga bategura ibirori byo kurasa kugirango bashimishe inshuti zabo. Bagerageje kandi kwirukana amashyo y’inyamanswa mu mwobo. Ubumenyi bwa geologiya Itsinda ry’ibirunga rya Pliocene Ngorongoro rigizwe n’ibirunga umunani byazimiye muri Eyasi igice cya graben, urubibi rw'iburasirazuba rwaranzwe na Gregory Rift Western Escarpment . Inkunga y'Ikiyaga cya Eyasi ihuza igice cya graben mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba. Muri urwo ruganda, ibirunga bitanu ni imeze nk'imigozi, mugihe bitatu bifite Calderas. Ikirunga cya Ngorongoro (2.5-1.9 Ma) ni trachyandesite ya basaltike . Caldera igaburirwa ni nzuzi za Munge na Oljoro Nyuki, mugihe amasoko ashyushye ya Ngoitokitok agaburira mu gishanga cya Goringop. Ikiyaga cya Magadi ni ikiyaga cya metero 1,7. Ibindi birunga biri muri icyo kigo birimo Olmoti (2.01–1.79 Ma), Empakaai, Loolmalasin, Sadiman (3.7 Ma), Lemagrut, na Oldeani. Igice cyo mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa NCA kigizwe n'ibibaya bya Serengeti, ikibaya cya Salei, ikibaya cya Oldupai, hamwe n'imisozi ya Gol inselbergs . Izi inselbergs zigize Quartzite ya Mozambike na schist ya mika hafi (800-500 Ma ) mumyaka. Amashakiro