Yankin Mara Wetland

Mara Wetland wani tafki ne mai ambaliyar ruwa wanda ke kusa da Tafkin Victoria inda Kogin Mara ke zubar da ruwa a ciki. Kogin Mara ne ke ciyar da wuri mai laushi, wanda ke da tushe a cikin tsaunukan Mau na Kenya. Babban Batutuwan Yankin Mara, kamar sauran wuraren da ke da ruwa, muhimmiyar tushe ce ta albarkatun kasa da mazauni ga dabbobi da tsire-tsire iri-iri. Ana samun nau'ikan shuke-shuke da yawa, manyan sune papyrus (Matende / Matete) da cattail (mabi syn). Rayuwar al'ummomin da ke zaune a kusa da wuri mai laushi ya dogara da ayyuka daban-daban da wuri mai raƙuman ruwa ke bayarwa. Babban ayyukan tattalin arziki na zamantakewa na al'ummomin da ke kusa da Mara Wetland shine kamun kifi da girbi na papyrus. Fiye da kashi 80% na yawan jama'a a cikin al'ummomin da ke kusa da wuri mai laushi suna rayuwa ta yau da kullun daga ayyukan kamun kifi. Kodayake girbi na papyrus yana daga cikin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki na al'umma a kusa da Mara Wetland, 5% ne kawai na papyrus ake girbewa a kowace shekara. Ana amfani da papyrus a cikin samar da kayayyakin gida kamar mats, kwando, allon, teburin rufi, kwantena na kayan lambu, inuwa na fitila, pads da armseats. Barazanar Yankin Mara yana ci gaba da lalacewa duk da kokarin da aka yi na ceton halittu masu yawa. Canji a cikin amfani da ƙasa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata shine babban matsala a cikin kogin Mara. Sabili da haka, kariya ga wuri mai laushi daga asarar halittu iri-iri yana da mahimmanci don inganta lafiyarta. Tsakanin shekarun 1950 zuwa 2006, yawan ruwan yanayi a cikin Mara ya canza sosai a cikin ma'anar cewa yanzu akwai tsaunuka da ƙananan a cikin kogin. Wadannan abubuwan suna da alaƙa da canje-canje a cikin amfani da ƙasa a cikin yankin da aka kama: raguwar murfin ciyayi yana haifar da saurin ruwan sama. Kusa da bakin kogi a Tanzania, matakan ruwa masu saurin canzawa a Tafkin Victoria na ƙarni da ya gabata sun kara da matsalolin fitar da Kogin Mara. Sakamakon haka, ambaliyar ruwa ta zama ruwan dare gama gari kuma manyan sassan tafkin Mara na Tanzania sun zama na dindindin maimakon wuraren tafki na wucin gadi. Wadannan abubuwan sun haifar da canjin rufe ƙasa daga busasshiyar ƙasa (wanda a wasu lokuta ya ambaliya) zuwa gandun daji na ruwa, zuwa ciyayi na ruwa tare da tsire-tsire masu alaƙa da ruwa daban-daban kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, inda a ƙarshe Cyperus papyrus ya zama ɗayan mafi yawan nau'ikan. Wadannan canje-canje masu sauri sun sami manyan tasiri a kan muhalli da hanyoyin rayuwa dangane da shi. Kowane mataki yana da tasiri daban-daban a kan kowane aikin rayuwa amma gabaɗaya, manoman shanu sun ga makiyaya suna raguwa da sauri, masunta sun ga jikin ruwa yana ƙaruwa kuma daga baya ya sake raguwa, kuma sabbin ayyukan rayuwa kamar yin mats daga papyrus sun karu sosai. Manazarta