Battle o Stalingrad

The Battle o Stalingrad (23 August 1942 – 2 Februar 1943) wis a major battle o Warld War II in which Nazi Germany an its allies focht the Soviet Union for control o the ceety o Stalingrad (nou Volgograd) in Soothren Roushie. Merkit bi fierce close quarters combat an direct assauts on ceevilians in air raids, it is eften regairdit as the single lairgest (nearly 2.2 million personnel) an bluidiest (1.7–2 million killt, woundit or capturt) battle in the history o warfare. It wis an extremely dearthfu defeat for German forces, an the Airmy Heich Command haed tae widraw vast militar forces frae the Wast tae replace thair losses. The German offensive tae captur Stalingrad begoud in August 1942, uisin the 6t Airmy an elements o the 4t Panzer Airmy. The attack wis supportit bi intensive Luftwaffe bombin that reduced muckle o the ceety tae grummel. The fechtin degeneratit intae hoose-tae-hoose fechtin; baith sides poored reinforcements intae the ceety. Bi mid-November 1942, the Germans haed pushed the Soviet defenders back at great cost intae narrae zones alang the wast bank o the Volga River. On 19 November 1942, the Reid Airmy launched Operation Uranus, a twa-pronged attack targetin the waiker Romanie an Hungarian airmies pertectin the German 6t Airmy's flanks. The Axis forces on the flanks war owerrun an the 6t Airmy wis cut aff an surroondit in the Stalingrad aurie. Adolf Hitler ordered that the airmy stay in Stalingrad an mak na attempt tae brak oot; insteid, attempts war made tae supply the airmy bi air an tae brak the encirclement frae the ootside. Hivy fechtin conteena'd for anither twa month. Bi the beginnin o Februar 1943, the Axis forces in Stalingrad haed exhaustit thair ammuneetion an fuid. The remeenin units o the 6t Airmy surrendert. The battle lastit five month, ane week an three days. Notes References Citit soorces Beevor, Antony (1998). Stalingrad. London: Viking. ISBN 978-0-14-103240-5. Bellamy, Chris (2007). Absolute War: Soviet Russia in the Second World War. New York: Alfred A. Knopf & Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-41086-4. Bergström, Christer; Dikov, Andrey & Antipov Vladimir (2006). Black Cross Red Star: Air War Over the Eastern Front: Everything For Stalingrad, Volume 3. Eagle Editions. ISBN 978-0-9761034-4-8. Glantz, David M. & House, Jonathan (1995), When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, ISBN 0-7006-0899-0 Hayward, Joel S. A. (1998). Stopped at Stalingrad: The Luftwaffe and Hitler's Defeat in the East 1942–1943. Lawrence, KS, University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-0876-8. Shirer, William L. (1990) [1950]. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-449-21977-5.