Mauritus

Mauritus (模里西斯) Gaga kska Meycow ka Mauritus, 20 17 S, 57 33 E ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 2,040 sq km (hangan na o Tg181) (knlbanga dxgal o 2,030 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 10 sq km). Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 1,348,242 hiyi. Gaga Port Louis ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 12 idas 3 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Mauritus ga wada sugan 43.80% ka dxgal qpahan, 17.30% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 38.90% na. Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Ameenah Gurib, pnaah hngkawas2015 idas 6 jiyax 5pnrajing kmlawa klwaan. cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’ Mo-ri-si-s (模里西斯) Moris Konghkwo (Kari eygo: Republic of Mauritius; kari Fransi: République de Maurice; kari Kriaw: Repiblik Moris). Wa mniq tunarac 800 km Madagasikara Kohkwo, cyutaw kwo kcka ucilung Idia, knrbangan knkana qnhlangan u 2,040 pinghwang km. Mkngahu ucilung u 177 km, tnucilung u 12 li, ucilung nngalan keyjay ndhiya nanaq u 200 li. Ri-s (歷史) Mniq 10 th cida sndalan sediq Arapo ka taw niyi. Mnrading 16 th cida, sediq Budoya mntmay taw niyi. Kngkawas 1598 u sediq Netherlans ka knrmux mangal taw niyi, kiya u dmuwi hangal bukung Netherlans cida Maurits van Nassau (Moris) ngalan dha tmhangan taw niyi. Kngkawas 1715 Fransi u knrmux mangal taw niya daw prading thdil hiya, kiya mi tmhangan kingal hangan Taw Fransi. Ingkoku u mniq kngkawas 1810 Mccbu Naporun cida mbiyax mi wada knrmux mangal taw niyi, Fransi u mniq kngkawas 1814 mniq kcka Pnsdhuwan Weyyeyna u balay bay wada dha sbuway Ingkoku ka taw niyi, Moris u mniq kngkawas 1968 idas 3 diyax 12 pkla kari dukuricu, kiya ka taxa tumal Ta Ing kwosyeyey uri, snbeyhing bukung qridin Ingkoku ka weynso qnlhangan, congtu ka rmirih muda dmuwi biyax, bukuy daw mniq kngkawas 1992 idas 3 diyax 12 knpriyux pwaya konghe, muda pnwaya gikay micu, soto u wana nanaq hangan weynso, soto mi hukusoto u spuda kwomin gikay cyeyncyey seyngkyo pnhiyu, mntxan phyuwan 5 kngkawas (malu mntxal lmutuc mangal qpahun dungan), congri ka balay bay dmuwi biyax singcng. Qnlhangan Netherlans cida (荷蘭統治時期) Kngkawas 1598 cida, heytay ucilung sangcyang Netherlans Wybrand Van Warwyck mniq nniqan beyhing tdruwan asu mtmay hiya, kiya u wada dha splawa Moris ka taw niyi (Mauritius), muda lmngelung mqlahang Netherlans, laqi risaw mssu Weyryeyn, Awranc cinwang Nasawtmawric. Binaw dhuq kngkawas 1638 sediq Netherlans ka prading mqlahang Moris, qnlhangan dha u wana lmutuc 20 kngkawas balay. Kngkawas 1710 cida, sediq Netherlans u malix Moris da, binaw dhiya u alaw Moris ptmay sibus, tnbuwan mi rqnux. Spruwan bay srngaw niya u, tnpucilung Apeyar Tasman u kiya ka snpeyyah Moris prading nusa mi wada sndiyal Tuiwil Awtariya. Qnlhangan Fransi cida (法國統治時期) Fransi u mniq kngkawas 1715 knrmux mangal dxral Moris, kiya mi knpriyux hangan Fransi Taw (Île de France，Island of France), kngkawas 1735 cida, hana phyuwan burah congtu u Peytrang Hurangsowa Maay Te Rabuartoney ka prading mniq Fransi Taw ptrawah pphuma ssibus pnwalang, kiya mi wada mtrawah ngalan tnpusu tnpucilung mi ssalu asu ka Luyis Trduwan asu. Mniq iyax mccbu ka Ingkoku mi Fransi cida, wana mbiyax Mccbu Beyhing Trduwan Asu ka Fransi, hiti balay daw wada dan qnburang thmuk Ingkoku Hungun Malere (Cap Malheureux，sdurux snbarah u ‘Hungun Naqah Utux’) ka Fransi, mniq kngkawas 1810 idas 12 diyax 3 wada tosyang, speysa dha u srwanun Ingkoku ka mpqlahang hiya rngiyun dhiya ka dnuwi dha dxral mi jaysang, lmutuc dmuwi kari Fransi, kiya mi mniq minus mi singsu pswau cida u dmuwi pnwaya Fransi. Ingkoku ka lmutuc qmlahang daw, wada pryuxun hangan niya nanaq brah Moris Taw. Qnlhangan Ingkoku jidayi (英國統治時期) Muwaya bay Moris congtu Ingkoku ka Robert Farquhar, wada madas knpriyux keyjay mi syakay Moris ka hiya. Kngkawas 1835 cida, wada plixun mniq Moris ka pnwaya quli, wada knbeyhing bay dndulan niya quri syakay keyjay mi knpriyux knhbrawan hiyi sediq tndxral hiya, kngkawas 1834 dhuq kngkawas 1921 u ya bay 50 knbkiyan hiyi sediq mpqpah miyah Moris qmpah quri phuma sibus, qpahan mpsmmalu qqiya, qpahan mlaqun mi qpahan mphiyu ssapah. Uxay wana kiya, sediq Ingkoku pa madas 8740 hiyi heytay llutuc India. Wada kndudul mrana hbaraw hiyi ka llutuc sediq India, biyax seyji mi biyax keyjay Moris u prading kndadax bawa llutuc sediq Fransi Moris mi sediq Kriaw Moris, knpriyux thdil musa bawa llutuc sediq India Moris. Dukuricu (獨立) Muru kngkawas 1955 mi kngkawas 1957 mniq London mn2 muda mssli pprngaw Moris phiyu keyngpo, kiya u mniq kngkawas 1959 idas 3 diyax 9 wada mnhdu knbeyhing seyngkyo. Kngkawas 1961 mniq London snbrinah muda pprngaw pnwaya keyngpo kaygi, hmqangal cmikul pnwaya keyngpo undo dungan. Kngkawas 1965, Ikoku u alaw spuda kwohwang ka rrihun dha, quri so niqan bay dungus niya mccbu, ida so tndxral Moris ka Caks Cyuntaw u wada dha krtan, phiyu kingal Na Ingkoku Ndxral Ucilung India, bukuy daw Moris u mntxan pkla dmuwi biyax dxral Caks Cyuntaw, rmngaw ka dhiya muda mddayak dxral u smliq pnwaya kwocihwa, mniq kngkawas 1967 knbeyhing seyngkyo daw, wada muda burah keyngpo ka Moris, kiya mi mniq kngkawas 1968 idas 3 diyax 12 pkla kari dukuricu. Babaw dukuricu ka Moris u ida kiya mntumal Ta Ingkwosyey nina, kana hangan ka Moris Pusu Biyax Qnlhangan (Dominion of Mauritius) u ngalan dha weynso qnlhangan ka bukung qridin Ingkoku. Kngkawas 1991 snbarah keyngpo, pkla kari Moris u musa mkcka konghkwo Ta Ingkwosyey, kiya u knpriyux hangan qnlhangan u Moris Konghkwo. Kngkawas 1992 idas 3 diyax 12, muda phiyu Moris Konghkwo, kngkawas 1992 idas 6 diyax 30, Kasamu Utimu ka wada psdhuwan phiyu balay bay soto Moris Konghkwo. Cng-c (政治) Cngti Moris u pnwaya gikay konghkwo, soto ka weynso qnlhangan, congri ka mpdudul seyhu neyke. Biyax singcng u mnseyhu, smmalu waya ka seyhu mi Moris Kokomin Taykay msupu duda, knbeyhing bay biyax qnhlangan u soto mi congricu ka psnakan dha msupu muda. Kwo-min taykay (國民大會) Gikay Moris u dmuwi pnwaya 1 ying , kiya ka Moris Kokomin Taykay, knkana kokomin taykay u niqan 70 gikay, mangal knou bay hiyi gying na cngtang uxay daw cngtang ryeynmong ka muda mku phiyu seyhu, bukung dha ka phiyun congri, kiya u congri ka mniq kcka kokomin taykay dayhyo umau quri neyke, binaw uxay hiya ka umau suhwa bucyo. Mangal tu2 knou hiyi gying na cngtang ka hantay tang, bukyng dha u spuda soto ka muda psdhu phyuwan bukung hantay tang. Soto (總統) So Moris u spuda kokomin taykay snpeyyah pnyahan hangan congri muda seyngkyo, snpngan diyax qpahan u 5 kngkawas, malu lmututuc seyngkyo mangal qpahun. Cong-ri mi ney-ke (總理及內閣) Moris congri ka pusu dmudul seyhu Moris konghkwo, dmudul neyke, dmuwi biyax singcng, pquri kokomin taykay seykining. Fa-ryu (法律) Pnwata horicu Moris pa snpeyyah pnrmaxan dha Ingkoku na putong hwansi mi Fransi na minhwa hwansi muda. Pnluban waycyaw mi ddaun kwoci (外交關係和國際事務) Pusu tyawmu: Waycyaw Moris. Pkmalu quri Tuiwil ka Moris, kiya mi malu balay pnluban dha waycyaw India mi qnlhangan tuiwil mi tuhunac Ahurika. Moris ka Pnsliyan qnlangan mawyi, Ucilung India yingkay (Indian Ocean Commission), Tuhunac Ahurika pkrana kongtongti (Southern African Development Community), Tunarac mi tuhunac Ahurikakongtong sucang (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), Ta Ingkwosyey mi Pnsliyan mtqiri kari Fransi (La Francophonie) ntumal qnhlangan, kiya ka ppnrdingan qnlhangan rmading phiyu Ryeynmong pnspuwan pddayaw dxral nniqan hwan ucilung India. Mawyi, smdhu smruwa muru pnwaya mincu mi tiping qnhlangan ka pusu balay dndulan niya waycyaw cngce Moris. Qmita quri dxral nniqan seyji, pkmalu balay pnluban dha quri qnhlangan Ahurika, tukubeycu balay ka Tuhunac Ahurika, kiya ka knbeyhing balay thiqan dha mawyi Moris. Quri biyax ucwang (武裝力量) Pusu tyawmu: Bnkuwan qnhlangan uka butayi. Ini uda phiyu butayi qnhlangan ka Moris, knkana u 10000 hiyi ka biyax ucwang, kiya knkana 8000 hiyi ka keysacu, 1500 hiyi sediq ka mssli tukubeycu singtongtuy (Special Mobile Force, SMF), kiya mi 500 hiyi sediq ka mssli mkngahu ucilung cuweytuy. Lnlingay nniqan (地理) Moris taw mi Ryoniwang taw kiya mi Rodriks taw kasi pspuwan sunca Maskrin cyuntaw. Pnyahan Maskrin cyuntaw u alaw Ahurika pankway mniq baraw Ryoniwang jetyeyn sdhriq lmlu kiya ka wada na ddulan snkkingal truma ucilung u mbbur puniq dwiyaq ka pnyahan niya. Singcng cyuhwa (行政區劃) Moris pusu taw pa psnakan 9 dxral nniqan, kcka niya u Ruyis Tdruwan Asu ka sotu Moris. Knou kluwanan mmnudus sing (生物多樣性) Knkkarac (氣候) Moris u mnkntilux knkkarac, wana danan dndulan tunarac hunac sin bwihur. Kngkawas idas 5 dhuq idas 11 ka bnkuwan knkarac misan, idas 11 dhuq idas 5 ka iyax knkarac rbawan, kngkawas qsiya qnyuxan u 1500-3500 hawmi. Lnlingay (環境) Lnlingay Moris ka mndungus bay nniqan mtilux bbnaqi mi malan nniqan dwiyaq qqhuni, wana tuhunac ka kingal ratuc mkngahu ucilung nanaq, knkana taw u to bay qprungan sanhucyaw, kiya mi knmalu bay ka hngakan qnlhangan uri, mniq Pnsliyan Qnlangan w Weysng pnklanan kari u knkana qnlangan knmalu bay hngakan u bnkuwan tu2 ka Moris. Jen-wun (人文) Knhbrawan hiyi sediq (人口) Spuda snpuwan kngkawas 2010 idas 7 cida, ya bay niqan 128.6 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyisediq Moris, kcka u 63.3 knbkiyan hiyi ka snaw, qridin u 65.2 knbkiyan hiyi sediq. Kari (語言) To bay dmuwi kari Moris Kriaw, eygo uxay daw kari Fransi pprngaw kari, binaw kcka keyngpo u ini rngaw quri dduwi kari qnhlangan mi kadi srngaw seyhu, wana kokay ka ptura bay sndhu dmuwi kari Ingkoku ka kari ddiyun seyhu. Kyoiku (教育) Alaw rikisi ka pnrdingan niya, Moris na kyoiku sitong muru lmutuc pnsltudan Ingkoku. Seyhu Moris u ini angal pila knkana sediq qnlhangan muyas kndadax pyasan laqi tiring Dhuq pyasan beyhing na kyoiku. Kcka na kyoiku u psnakan dha 4 ci-pyasan laqi tiring ka 3 kngkawas; cutng kyoiku ka 6 kngkawas pyasan laqi tiping; pyasan tukcka kyoiku u Psnakan 5 kngkawas na cucong mu 2 kngkawas na pyasan tubaraw; tubaraw kyoiku dawKiya ka knkana pyasa tubeyhing, cwanke sweyweyn mi tubaraw tng cisu pyasan. Cing-ci (經濟) Niqan balay biyax niya pnsung quri keyjay mniq qnlhangan Ahurika uri ka Moris. Kngkawas 2020 cida, muru snngan sucang snpuwan ka GDP niya u 145 pila Amirika ka quri keyjay dha Moris, nngalan dha jncyun u 11,360 pila Amirika, kngkawas 2010 snpuwan keyjay mtrawah, bnkuwan knkana qnlangan u tu12. Pila (貨幣) Pusu tyawmu: Lubi Moris. Ddiyun pila Moris ka lubi Moris (Bnkuwan pila dha u: MUR), kndadax kngkawas 1876 prading daw wada pnwaya ngalan pila ddiyun qnlhangan Moris ka lubi Moris. Qqpahan rrmiwaw (旅遊業) Niqan bay hnhangan niya mniq knkana qnlangan ka Moris, sdmhawan qmita ida nkiya mi sdhmawan qmita jnwen u mndungus balay, sdhmawan ucilung mi sdhmawan dxral u mndungus balay kana. Kngkawas 2012 idas 1, mniq knkana qnlangan snadu beyhing rrmiwaw u mangal mn3 ‘Qnlangan knmalu bay ssanan rmiwaw ucilung taw’, kiya mi wada mangal ‘Qnlangan mndungus bay bbnaqi ucilung’ uri. Kngkawas 2013 idas 10 diyax 31 prading, Cyoka Jnmin Konghkwo kongmin musa Moris u ana ini pbatas cyeyncng, malu trdu ini khrinas 30 diyax. Sediq qnhlangan Taiwan ka musa Moris pa, dhuq trduwan skoki Moris u malu trdu mniq 60 diyax mi ini ngali pila tuting dxral cyeyncng. Ppanan rulu (交通) Knkana knrbaraw elu beyhing ppanan rulu Moris u 2066 km, kcka 48.5% ka 1ci elu beyhing, 28.7% ka 2ci elu beyhing, 3.6% ka elu beyhing spidaw. Kngkawas 2020 idas 1 diyax 10, snpeyyah Trduwan asu Ruyis dhuq Rossiar congyang na tu1 ratuc elu kisya u balay bay prading tmalang mapa sediq. Pusu balay trduwan skoki u wa mniq tunarac hinac Moris taw na Trduwan Skoki Siwosakuar Lamukuran Cweysu, uxay wana kiya, wa mniq Rodriks u niqan Trduwan Skoki Cyatang Tuwaar Cweysu uri. Tongsyun (通訊) Kngkawas 1847 cida, wada tu5 bnkuwan qnlhangan prading dmuwi yopyaw knkana qnlangan ka Moris. Dmuwi wangru dsediq u niqan 18 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq (snpuwan kngkawas 2005). Wun-hwa (文化) Pusu tyawmu: Bungka Moris. Quri so mmahan mi uuqan (飲食部分) Alaw mrrimax ka llutuc kkluwanan minjoku, knou kluwanan ka bungka, msupu mkan idaw cida u mrrimax ou snpeyyah ini pntna knkingal alang ka damac uri. Jnwen yisu (人文藝術) Sega (Sega) ka kingal kluwanan splawa dha inggaku mi rweri tndxral nniqan dha hiya. Tu5 bnkuwan qnlhangan prading dmuwi yopyaw knkana qnlangan ka Moris. Tu2 bnkuwan qnlhangan muda pnsung ptalang dapa dmayi ka Moris. uhunac ticyo mwaya bay sndalan niqan sassing ka Moris. Eyga (電影) Kntilux kkarac nniqan mi mndungus bay rikisi u wada sqrasun bay ou tawyeyn miyah hini pseyga ka Moris, mray so kngkawas 1987 ka so smhuris eyga “Mokong Ciping” (Jane and the Lost City), kngkawas 1991 so smhulis eyga “MSediq Blblbalay ka tama mu” (Mon père, ce héros) mi kngkawas 2004 treybi ciripyeyn “Mniq sngayan diyax Moris” (Des Vacances à L'Île Maurice) uri. Tiyu (體育) Kuxul dha balay ryosing pskbiyax hiyi u mtur boru ka Moris, pskbiyax hiyi quri babaw qsiya so tmapaq qsiya mi mssdhriq qsiya ka mntna ryosing balay uri, qnbsyaqan bay rikisi pskbiyax hiyi u kiya ka pnsung ptalang dapa dmayi. Mniq kngkawas 2008 Peycing Orimpiko Undokay cida pa, wada mangal snadu pnsung boxing dongpay ka undoing Bruno Juli, niyi ka tu1 muwaya bay snadu Moris mniq kcka Orimpiko undokay. Qduda tutu (渡渡鳥) Mnniq 16 th muwaya bay sndiyan Moris ka sediq Budoya cida, wada qmita kingal burah kluwanan qduda, wada dha pthangan qduda tutu, dungus niya u ‘mngangah’ (mngetiq qduda). Dhuq kngkawas 1681 cida, babaw taw hiya u ini qtayi ka hnyuwan na qduda tutu da, ana hmuya ka pusu niya, qduda tutu pa snpeyyah muwaya bay qntan sediq ini qdhuq iyax 200 kngkawas diyax daw, kiya ka wada kndadax ticyo pukka da. Babaw maku qnhlangan Moris u niqan qduda tutu uri. Pnyahan pnatas (參考資料) CIA 外交部 List of current heads of state and government Tnhjil kari seejiq Watan Diro(瓦旦 吉洛) mtabug https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF (參考自中文維基百科)