Dam din Katse

Katse Dam, madatsar ruwa ta kankare a kan Kogin Malibamatšo a Lesotho, ita ce madatsar ruwan biyu mafi girma a Afirka bayan madatsar Tekezé a Habasha. Da yake a ƙasa da haɗuwar Kogin Bokong, wanda ya zama yammacin tafkin Katse, madatsar ruwan wani ɓangare ne na babban aikin wanda zai haɗa da manyan madatsar ruwa guda biyar a yankunan karkara masu nisa. injiniyan farar hula na Afirka ta Kudu Ninham Shand ne ya gano damar aikin a cikin 1953 a matsayin hanyar da za a iya karawa da samar da ruwa na masana'antar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin Witwatersrand . Bankin Duniya ya shirya yarjejeniya tsakanin gwamnatocin Afirka ta Kudu da Lesotho, wanda ya ba da damar aikin ya ci gaba. Gine-gine An gina madatsar ruwan ne ta hanyar ƙungiyar Bouygues, Concor, Group 5, Hochtief, Impregilo, Kier Group da Sterling International. An kammala madatsar ruwan a shekara ta 1996 kuma tafkin ya cika da ruwa a shekara ta 1997. Jimlar kudin aikin ya kai dala biliyan 8. An gina Filin jirgin saman Katse kilomita 3 (2 kudu maso gabashin madatsar ruwan don sauƙaƙe damar shiga aikin. Tasirin muhalli Rashin ruwa ya haifar da girgizar ƙasa. Manoma da suka rasa ƙasa ga aikin sun sami matsala wajen sake kafa sabbin hanyoyin rayuwa. Akwai ƙananan ƙasa mai noma a cikin duwatsu don maye gurbin duk abin da ya ɓace, kuma ƙoƙarin taimaka musu da sabbin hanyoyin rayuwa ba su yi nasara ba kamar aikin injiniya. Wata kungiya ta cikin gida ta rubuta tarihin aikin ɗan adam a cikin yankunan karkara da aikin ya shafa kai tsaye, kuma muhalli da haƙƙin ɗan adam NPO, Kogin Duniya, sun samar da cikakken bayani game da tasirin. A matsayin rage asarar mazaunin, an gudanar da ayyukan ceto na shuke-shuke a yankin da za a ambaliya, kuma an kafa lambunan Katse Botanical don gida da yada shuke-tsuke da aka ceto. Isar da ruwa Ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ya fara tafiya ta hanyar rami mai nisan kilomita 45 (28 , mita 4 (13 diamita, yana fita a tashar hydroelectric kusa da Muela . Babban tsawo na madatsar ruwan yana ba da damar tsarin isar da ruwa mai nauyi zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, ban da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho, kuma shine babban dalilin da ya sa aka zaɓi shafin. An fara isar da ruwa a hukumance a ranar 22 ga Janairun 1998. Dam din a halin yanzu yana ba da kusan 30 mita a kowace dakika (1,100 cu ft / s) na ruwa ga Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ke biyan Lesotho dala miliyan 35 a kowace shekara, tare da canjin sarauta bisa ga ƙididdigar amfani da ruwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an kuma fitar da ruwa daga makircin zuwa Kogin Mohokare (Caledon) don samar da ruwa ga babban birnin Lesotho Maseru a lokutan karancin. Sabbin madatsun ruwa sun cika kamar yadda ake tsammani kuma zubar da ruwa daga madatsun zuwa koguna na ƙasa ya ci gaba a cikin wani makirci da aka tsara don adana ma'aunin muhalli. Wannan ruwan da aka zubar yana gudana zuwa Kogin Senqu (Orange) , kuma yayin da yake adana yanayin muhalli, yana amfana da waɗannan al'ummomin da ke gefen koguna kawai. Shirye-shiryen samar da ruwa ga manoma masu gudun hijira ba su yi nasara sosai ba. manazarta