Tafkin Bogoria

Tafkin Bogoria (tsohon Tafkin Hannington) tafkin saline ne, alkaline wanda ke cikin yankin dutsen wuta a cikin rabin tafkin da ke kudu da Tafkin Baringo, Kenya, dan kadan a arewa ma'auni. Tafkin Bogoria, kamar Tafkin Nakuru, Tafkin Elementeita, da Tafkin Magadi a kudu a cikin Rift Valley, da Tafkin Logipi a arewa, lokaci-lokaci gida ne ga ɗayan mafi yawan jama'ar duniya na ƙananan flamingos. Tafkin wuri ne na Ramsar kuma Tafkin Bogoria National Reserve ya kasance mai kariya ta kasa tun daga ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1973. Tarihi An ba da sunan tafkin ne bayan mishan na Anglican James Hannington wanda ya ziyarci a 1885. Bayyanawa Tafkin Bogoria yana cikin yankin Baringo, kimanin kilomita 120 a arewacin birnin Nakuru da kilomita 240 a arewacin Nairobi. Yana cikin kwarin Rift na Gregorian. Ya kasance wani ɓangare na tafkin ruwa mai laushi mafi girma, ya haɗu da Tafkin Baringo na yanzu. Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton tauraron dan adam a saman wannan shafin, an raba shi cikin ɓangarori uku: babban tsakiya daya da ƙananan biyu a arewa da kudu. Yankunan biyu da suka raba waɗannan lobes ba su da zurfi, sills da ke sarrafawa a Nyalibuch da Mwanassis. Akwai saɓani game da tsawo. Ramsar na Unesco yana ba da 963 m (3,159 ft). Mafi daidaito - kuma mafi hankali - , Renaut & Owen 1991 sun ba da c. 990 m tun daga watan Agusta 1977, amma kuma sun nuna cewa matakin tafkin yana canzawa ta hanyar yanayi da 50 zuwa 100 cm; kuma yana iya bambanta da mita da yawa na gajeren lokaci, bayan ya canza tsakanin c. 988 da c. 996 m a cikin karni na 20. Yankunan bakin tekun da ke kewaye da bakin tekun, waɗanda aka yi da dutse mai laushi da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, suna nuna matakan tafkin mafi girma daga Pleistocene da Holocene. Ana iya ganinsu a kashi 45% na matakin yanzu, kuma wasu suna da kimanin 9 m sama da bakin teku na yanzu. A cikin 1991 matsakaicin tsawon shine 17.6 km (10.9 mi) kuma faɗin sa ya kasance daga 0.5 km (0.31 mi) zuwa 3.6 km (2.2 mi) . The drainage basin is 700 km2 (270 sq mi). The lowest point of the drainage divide is at 999 m near Loboi village; when the level of the lake reaches that altitude, its waters flow northward in lake Baringo drainage basin. A shekarar 1978, an rubuta mafi girman zurfinsa a matsayin 12 m (39 ft) ko 11.5 m (38 ft), da Renaut & Owen 1991 sun yi daidai cewa wannan yana cikin babban kwano ko lobe; kuma ƙananan sassa biyu a gefen arewa da kudu sun kasance 5.5 m (18 ft) zurfi a wancan lokacin. A shekarar 2003, matsakaicin zurfinsa ya wuce 10 m (33 ft) kawai a cikin yanki na 3,000 ha (7,400 acres) . Wannan ba shi da zurfi sosai, amma duk da haka ya fi zurfi - don haka ya fi kwanciyar hankali a fannin ruwa - fiye da sauran tafkunan endorheic a Kenya. Tafkunan Rift Valley suna fuskantar sauye-sauye akai-akai (kuma suna zagaye) a matakan ruwa galibi saboda ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma ba a iya hasashensa ba. A wannan yankin, tafkin Bogoria shine kawai tafkin alkaline wanda ke da ƙarancin canjin ruwan tafki, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman mafaka ga flamigos da sauran dabbobi lokacin da wasu tafkuna marasa zurfi suka bushe. Yankin yana da hekta 3,300 ha (8,200 acres) (acre 8,200) amma wannan yana canzawa, musamman bisa ga yawan ruwan sama. Yawancin ruwan sama yana faɗuwa tsakanin Afrilu da Nuwamba, kuma ruwan sama yana da matsakaicin kimanin 700 mm a filin Loboi da 1200 mm a kan tsaunuka masu kusa. Amma shekarun El Nino sun kawo karuwar ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa a bakin tafkin. Misali, a cikin 2020 yankin ya karu zuwa kimanin hekta 4,690 ha (11,600 acres) (11,600 acres): 2020 na ɗaya daga cikin shekarun da suka fi zafi a rikodin, amma duk da ruwan sama mai raɗaɗi a lokacin gajeren ruwan sama (Oktoba zuwa Disamba, ko OND) ya kuma ga rigar fiye da na yau da kullun Janairu da Fabrairu saboda ƙarfin tasirin Dipole na Tekun Indiya a wannan lokacin, da haɓaka ruwan sama mai tsawo (Maris zuwa Mayu, ko MAM) (a wannan shekarar, Tafkin Victoria ya tashi zuwa sabon matakin rikodin). Koyaya, yawan evaporation yana sama da 2500 mm, don haka yana haifar da karancin ruwa kuma yana haifar da yanayin tsaka-tsaki a kan mafi yawan ƙananan sassan tafkin Bogoria. Yankunan ruwa Kodayake tafkin yana cikin wani ɓangaren tsaka-tsaki na Kenya Rift Valley, an kewaye shi da wurare masu yawa da yawa a bakin tekun, tare da kuskuren inda maɓuɓɓugar ruwa masu zafi, masu dumi da sanyi suka bunkasa, da kuma koguna da ke gudana a fadin rift floor. Yankunan da ke da ruwa Yankunan da ke arewacin tafkin ba sa ciyar da wani kogi. Suna da alaƙa da Tafkin Bogoria da Tafkin Baringo da ke kusa; Kogin Waseges (ko kogin Sandai) ne ke ciyar da tabkuna biyu, wanda ya kawo karamin kwarara na dindindin na kogin Loboi. Wadannan filayen suna ciyar da su ta hanyar raƙuman ruwa na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin, da kuma maɓuɓɓugar ruwa. A kudu, maɓuɓɓugar ruwa guda biyu suna ba da rafi na dindindin. Dukkanin uku (kogi na Wasenge da raƙuman ruwa guda biyu) ana amfani da su sosai don sha, da kuma ruwa daga wasu raƙuman maɓuɓɓugar ruwa masu zafi - wasu daga cikin waɗannan ba su da gishiri fiye da ruwan tafkin. Sauran raƙuman ruwa, kamar Emsos a kudu da Parkirichai a yamma, na ɗan lokaci ne: suna gudana ne kawai bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. Loboi Swamp Wannan tafkin yana arewacin tafkin. Yana rungumar tushe na wani horst block (hawan kuskuren da aka iyakance da kuskuren al'ada) wanda ke fuskantar arewa maso kudu. Dangane da kwanan wata na radiocarbon, an halicce shi ne kawai shekaru 700 da suka gabata a cikin tsohuwar yanayin ambaliyar ruwa - watakila sakamakon lalacewa. A shekara ta 1969, ya bazu sama da kilomita 6 a tsawon; amma an karkatar da ruwa daga kogin Waseges kuma a shekara ta 2001 kawai ya kasance kilomita 3.5 ne kawai kuma kusan kilomita 0.5 a fadin. Akalla maɓuɓɓugar ruwa masu dumi guda uku, da kuma shigar da ruwa a ƙasa, suna ciyar da shi. Kogin Loboi ma yana ba da gudummawa a ciki amma wannan kogin yana sauya gado a kai a kai (avulsions) kuma hakan yana canza rawar da yake takawa game da tafkin. Wannan kogi yana da sanyi kuma dan kadan ne kawai. Maɓuɓɓugar ruwa suna da irin wannan sunadarai amma sun fi dumi, suna da mafi girman abun ciki na nitrate, kuma suna da ɗan acid. Ruwa da aka samu na Loboi Swamp suma dan kadan ne, kuma gabaɗaya suna nuna cakuda ruwa, ruwa da ruwa na ƙasa. Yankunan da ke da ruwa mai zaman kansa ko na yanayi sun mamaye Typha domingensis kuma suna da wasu Leersia hexandra, Ipomoea aquatica, da sauran taxa. Wadannan yankuna suna kewaye da wani wuri mai laushi wanda ke kusa da tsarkakewa na Cyperus papyrus wanda ke da tushe ko iyo a cikin ruwa har zuwa zurfin 1.5 m. Acacia scrub yana faruwa a kan wani bangare mai kusanci zuwa yamma, tare da ciyawa kamar Sporobolus spicata a kan filayen da ke kusa. Manazarta