Harada Nakuru

Harada Nakuru waa mid ka mid ah harooyinka Dooxada Rift, oo ku taal joog dhan 1,754 m (5,755 ft) ka sarreeya heerka badda. Waxay ku taal koonfurta Nakuru, ee dooxada rift ee Kenya waxaana ilaaliya Beerta Qaranka ee Harada Nakuru. Qiyaastii 10,000 oo sano ka hor, Harada Nakuru, oo ay la socoto Lake Elementaita iyo Harada Bogoria, waxay samaysay hal haro oo qoto dheer oo biyo macaan ah oo ugu dambeyntii qallajisay, taas oo ka tagtay saddexda haro sidii haraa. Sannadkii 2011 saddexda haro waxaa diiwaangelisay UNESCO iyada oo ah Goob Dhaxal Adduun ah, Nidaamka Harada Kenya ee Dooxada Weyn ee Rift. Heerarka biyaha ee Harada Nakuru ayaa isbeddelay si weyn, iyadoo haradu ku dhowaatay inay qallajiso dhowr jeer 50-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Hoos u dhac weyn ayaa dhacay horraantii 1990-meeyadii. Sannadkii 2013, heerarku mar kale way kordheen si degdeg ah, taas oo horseeday in shimbiraha flamingos ay u guuraan Harada Bogoria si ay u raadiyaan sahay cunto. Intii u dhaxaysay 2010 iyo 2020 Harada Nakuru waxay kordhisay baaxadda dusha sare oo dhan 40 to 68 square kilometres (15 to 26 sq mi). 677 qoys, qaybo ka mid ah magaalada Nakuru iyo qaar ka mid ah aagagga Beerta Qaranka ayaa fatahay. Tan iyo 2021, waxaa jiray koror cabsi leh oo ku yimid heerarka biyaha ee harada oo ay keentay isbeddelka cimilada. Kororka heerarka biyaha ayaa horseeday in xayawaan laga barakiciyo beerta iyo burburka hantida, qulqulka iridda laga galo ee weyn iyo kaabayaasha kale ee beerta. Harada Nakuru waxaa lagu ilaaliyaa Heshiiska Ramsar ee dhulalka qoyan. Beerta Qaranka ee Harada Nakuru Beerta Qaranka ee Harada Nakuru (188 km2, 73 mi2) waxaa la abuuray 1961 agagaarka Harada Nakuru, meel u dhow magaalada Nakuru. Waxay caan ku tahay kumanaan, mararka qaarkood malaayiin flamingos ah oo ku buulaysan xeebaha. Dusha sare ee harada gacmeedka ayaa inta badan si dhib yar loo aqoonsan karaa sababtoo ah tirada badan ee casaan-ka ah ee si joogto ah u barakacaya. Tirada flamingos-ka harada waxay ku kala duwan tahay xaaladaha biyaha iyo cuntada iyo meesha ugu fiican ee laga daawado waa Baboon Cliff. Sidoo kale, xiisaha leh waa aag dhan 188 km (117 mi) oo ku wareegsan harada oo lagu xayndaabay sida kayd si loo ilaaliyo giraafyada iyo sidoo kale labada wiyisha madow iyo wiyisha cad. Beertu waxay dhawaan ballaaratay qayb ahaan si ay u bixiso kaydka wiyisha madow. Dadaalkan wuxuu u baahday xayndaab – si loo ilaaliyo ugaarsadayaasha halkii laga xaddidi lahaa dhaqdhaqaaqa duurjoogta. Beertu waxay fidsan tahay 12.1 km (7.5 mi) xadka koonfur-bari ee Soysambu Conservancy, taas oo matalaysa ballaarinta mustaqbalka ee suurtagalka ah ee deegaanka wiyisha iyo marin-duurjoogta kaliya ee haray ee Harada Naivasha. Sannadkii 2009, beertu waxay lahayd in ka badan 25 wiyisha madow ee bari, mid ka mid ah tirada ugu badan ee dalka, oo lagu daray ilaa 70 wiyisha cad ee koonfureed. Waxa kale oo jira tiro giraafta Rothschild, mar kale loo raro badbaadada laga bilaabo galbeedka Kenya laga bilaabo 1977. Waterbuck waa kuwo aad u badan labada Kenyan subspecies ayaa laga helaa halkan. Ugaarsadayaasha waxaa ka mid ah libaaxyo, shabeello iyo wiyilo, kuwaas oo si aad ah loo arko waqtiyadii u dambeeyay. Beertu waxay kaloo leedahay python cabbir weyn leh oo ku nool dhulalka kaynta leh, waxaana inta badan lagu arki karaa iyagoo ka gudbaya waddooyinka ama ka sudhan geedaha. Sida flamingos, waxaa jira kumanaan nooc oo shimbirro kale ah oo ku nool harada iyo aagga ku hareeraysan, sida African fish eagle, Goliath heron, hamerkop, pied kingfisher iyo Verreaux's eagle iyo kuwo kale oo noocooda ah. Deegaanka iyo duurjoogta Harada Nakuru Harada Nakuru, waa haro alkaline yar (oo u dhaxaysa 5 to 45 square kilometres [1.9 to 17.4 sq mi]) oo ku taal cidhifka koonfureed ee magaalada Nakuru waxay ku taal qiyaastii 164 kilometres (102 mi) waqooyi ka xigta Nairobi. Haradu waxay hoy u tahay flamingos casaan ah, kuwaas oo inta badan ka badan hal milyan, mararka qaarkoodna laba milyan. Waxay ku quudiyaan algae badan, oo ku barwaaqoobay biyaha kulul. Saynis yahanadu waxay qiyaasayaan in dadka flamingo ee Nakuru ay cunaan qiyaastii 250,000 kg (550,000 lb) oo algae halkii hektar ee dusha sare sannadkii. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo flamingo ah: lesser flamingo (gaaban oo fudud) iyo greater flamingo (dheer oo madow). Lesser flamingos waxaa badanaa lagu sawiraa dukumentiyada inta badan sababtoo ah tiradooda badan. Tirada flamingos-ka ayaa hoos u dhacaysay dhawaanTemplate:When, laga yaabee sababtoo ah dalxiis aad u badan ama wasakh ka dhalatay qashinka warshadaha oo lagu shubo ilaha biyaha ee aagga ku hareeraysan – isbeddellada tayada biyaha ayaa harada ka dhigaya ku meel gaadh ahaan mid aan loo baahnayn flamingoes. Caadi ahaan, haradu way dib u gurataa xilliga abaaraha waxayna fatahtaa xilliga roobka. Tan iyo 1975, waxaa jiray kala duwanaansho ballaaran oo u dhexeeya heerarka biyaha ee xilliyada qalalan iyo kuwa qoyan. 1990-meeyadii, heerka biyaha ee goobta ayaa hoos u dhacay si aad ah. Kadib 2013, waxay heshay koror aad u weyn oo heerarka biyaha ah. Intii u dhaxaysay 2013 iyo 2020, dusha sare ee harada ayaa si ku meel gaar ah u ballaartay min 15.4 sq mi (40 sq km) ilaa 26.3 sq mi (68 sq km). Tani waxay keentay fatahaadda boqollaal aagagga beerta iyo guryaha maxalliga ah. Waxaa looga shakisan yahay in isbeddelladan ay keeneen kordhinta beddelka dhulka biyaha u dhow ee wax-soo-saarka dalagga iyo magaaleynta, labadaba taas oo yareynaysa awoodda carrada si ay u nuugaan biyaha, dib u buuxinta biyaha dhulka hoostiisa iyo sidaas awgeed kordhinta fatahaadda xilliyeed. Wasakhda iyo abaaraha ayaa baabi'iya cuntada flamingos, Cyanobacteria oo loo yaqaan algae buluug-cagaaran, taasoo keenaysa inay u haajiraan harooyinka u dhow, marar dhawaanahan Harooyinka Elementaita, Simbi Nyaima iyo Bogoria. Isbeddellada cimilada maxalliga ah ayaa sidoo kale loo malaynayaa inay gacan ka geystaan isbeddelka xaaladaha deegaanka ee harooyinka. Warbixinnada warbaahinta ee 1991 ayaa muujiyay walaac sii kordhaya oo ka dhex jira daneeyayaasha, maadaama qax-qaxa ballaaran ee flamingo iyo dhimashadu ay u horseedi karto masiibo warshadaha dalxiiska. Sannadkii 2024, go'aannada maxkamadda Kenya ayaa cadaadis ku saaraya xarunta daaweynta biyaha ee maxalliga ah iyo mas'uuliyiinta la magacaabay si ay u nadiifiyaan dheecaannada saameeya Harada Nakuru Basin. Flamingos waxay ku quudiyaan algae, laga sameeyay qashinkooda biyaha alkaline ee diiran, iyo plankton. Laakiin flamingo maaha soo jiidashada avian-ka kaliya; sidoo kale waxay joogaan laba shimbirood oo waaweyn oo kalluunka cuna, pelicans iyo cormorants. In kasta oo biyaha diirran iyo alkaline, kalluun yar, Alcolapia grahami ayaa barwaaqoobay ka dib markii la soo bandhigay horraantii 1960-meeyadii. Haradu waxay kaloo hodan ku tahay nolol kale oo shimbiro ah. Waxaa jira in ka badan 400 oo nooc oo degan harada iyo beerta ku hareeraysan. Kumanaan ka mid ah labada grebes iyo terns madow ee garabka cad ayaa inta badan la arkaa sida stilts, avocets, ducks, iyo jiilaalka Yurub shimbiraha socdaalka. Zooplankton waxay ku jiraan haradan, qayb ka mid ah cuntada shimbiraha. Nooca rotifer monogonont Brachionus sp. Austria (oo ka tirsan Brachionus plicatilis cryptic species complex) ayaa ka dhaca harada. Dhulka beerta dhexdeeda Dhulka ku wareegsan Harada Nakuru waxay hoy u tahay noocyo kala duwan oo duurjoog ah, gaar ahaan noocyada laga helo kaliya qaaradda Afrika. Tirinta noocyada ayaa bilaabantay 1970 si loo qiimeeyo kala duwanaanta iyo baaxadda xayawaanka beerta oo loo ogaado hoos u dhaca ama kororka waqti ka dib. Wiyisha madow iyo caddaanku waxay ku barwaaqoobaan beerta qaranka ee ku hareeraysan aagga loo qoondeeyay wiyisha. Waxaa lagu xayndaabay si loo xaddido ugaarsiga. Sidoo kale waxaa la arkaa Cape buffalo, African wild dog, zebra, eland iyo waterbuck. Waxaa jiray aragtida shabeelka, iyo giraafta Rothschild ee naadir ah. Kaydkeeda acacia iyo euphorbia waxay u yihiin hoy xayawaannada inta lagu jiro kulaylka maalintii. Barkadda hippo waxay u oggolaanaysaa daawashada noocyadaas. Sidoo kale eeg Liiska Goobaha Dhaxalka Adduunka ee Kenya Harooyinka Dooxada Rift Dooxada Weyn ee Rift, Kenya Webiyada Kenya Lake Nshenyi Tixraacyo Xiriirinta dibadda Template:Wikivoyage Beerta Qaranka ee Harada Nakuru mareegta National Geographic – "Mysterious Kenya Flamingo Die-Offs Tied to Toxins, Study Says" (November 2002)