Tafkin Natron

Tafkin Natron tafkin gishiri ne mai yawan alkaline wanda ke arewacin Gundumar Ngorongoro ta Yankin Arusha a Tanzania tare da iyakar arewacinsa zuwa cikin Kajiado County da Narok County a Kenya. Yana cikin Gregory Rift, wanda shine reshen gabashin Rift na Gabashin Afirka. Tafkin yana cikin Tafkin Natron Basin, wani wuri mai laushi na Ramsar na muhimmancin duniya. Bayyanawa Wannan tafkin yana ciyar da shi musamman daga Kogin Ewaso Ng'iro na Kudancin, wanda ke tasowa a tsakiyar Kenya, da kuma maɓuɓɓugar ruwa masu zafi. Ba shi da zurfi, ƙasa da mita uku (9.8 zurfi, kuma ya bambanta da faɗin dangane da matakin ruwa. Tafkin yana da matsakaicin kilomita 57 (35 tsawo da kilomita 22 (14 faɗin. Yankin da ke kewaye da shi yana samun ruwan sama na yanayi mara kyau, galibi tsakanin Disamba da Mayu jimlar millimita 800 (31 in) a kowace shekara. Yanayin zafi a tafkin yana sama da 40 °C (104 °F) ° C (104 ° F). Babban matakan evaporation sun bar natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) da trona (sodius sesquicarbonate dihydrate). Alkalinity na tafkin na iya kaiwa pH sama da 12. A cewar Kimiyya Mai Rayuwa, babban alkalinity na tafkin ya samo asali ne daga sodium carbonate da sauran ma'adanai da ke gudana cikin ruwa daga mahalli da ke kewaye. Dutsen da ke kewaye da shi ya ƙunshi alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas waɗanda aka shimfiɗa a lokacin Pleistocene. Lavas suna da adadi mai yawa na carbonate amma ƙananan matakan calcium da magnesium, wanda ya ba da damar tafkin ya mai da hankali ga alkaline saline. Wadannan matsanancin yanayin sunadarai suna haifar da yanayi mai tsanani inda kawai kwayoyin halitta na musamman zasu iya rayuwa. An san sunadarai na ruwa don calcify jikin kowane abu mai rai wanda ya mutu a tafkin. Tsire-tsire Launi na tafkin alama ce ta waɗanda ke da ƙimar evaporation mai yawa. Yayin da ruwa ke narkewa a lokacin fari, matakan salinity suna ƙaruwa har zuwa lokacin da kwayoyin da ke son gishiri suka fara bunƙasa. Irin waɗannan kwayoyin halophile sun haɗa da wasu cyanobacteria waɗanda ke yin nasu abinci tare da photosynthesis kamar yadda shuke-shuke ke yi. Red accessory photosynthesizing pigment a cikin cyanobacteria yana samar da zurfin ja na ruwa mai budewa na tafkin da launuka orange na ƙananan sassan tafkin. Yankin gishiri na alkali a saman tafkin kuma sau da yawa yana da launin ja ko ruwan hoda ta hanyar halophilic microorganisms da ke zaune a can. Yankunan gishiri da wuraren ruwa mai laushi a gefen tafkin suna tallafawa tsire-tsire iri-iri. Dabbobi Yawancin dabbobi suna samun yawan zafin jiki na tafkin (har zuwa 60 °C (140 °F) ° C [140 ° F]) da kuma yawan gishiri mai yawa da canji mara kyau. Duk da haka, Tafkin Natron gida ne ga wasu algae, invertebrates, da tsuntsaye. A cikin ruwa mai ɗan gishiri a gefen gefen, wasu kifaye na iya rayuwa. Tafkin shine kawai yankin kiwo na yau da kullun a Gabashin Afirka don ƙananan flamingoes miliyan 2.5, wanda matsayin "kusan barazana" ya haifar da dogaro da wannan wuri ɗaya. Lokacin da salinity ya karu, haka ne cyanobacteria, kuma tafkin na iya tallafawa ƙarin gidaje. Wadannan flamingoes, babban garken guda daya a Gabashin Afirka, sun taru tare da tabkuna masu gishiri da ke kusa don cin abinci a kan Spirulina (algae mai launin shudi-kore tare da jan launi). Tafkin Natron wuri ne mai aminci na kiwo saboda yanayin da yake ciki shine shingen da ke fuskantar masu cin nama da ke ƙoƙarin isa ga gidajensu a kan tsibirai masu tasowa. Har ila yau, manyan flamingoes suna haifuwa a kan filayen laka. Barazanar da adanawa Yankin da ke kusa da tafkin gishiri ba a zaune ba amma akwai wasu kiwo da wasu noma na yanayi. Barazanar ma'aunin salinity daga karuwar yaduwar yaduwar zai zo ne daga karin katako da aka tsara a cikin ruwa na Natron da kuma shirin samar da wutar lantarki a kan Ewaso Ng'iro a fadin iyaka a Kenya. Kodayake shirye-shiryen ci gaba sun haɗa da gine-ginen dike a arewacin ƙarshen tafkin don ƙunshe da ruwa mai laushi, barazanar narkewa ga wannan wurin kiwo na iya zama mai tsanani. Babu kariya ta musamman. Sabuwar barazana ga Tafkin Natron ita ce gabatar da ci gaban shuka ta soda ash a bakin tekun. Shuka za ta yi amfani da ruwa daga tafkin kuma ta cire sodium carbonate don canzawa zuwa wanke foda don fitarwa. Tare da shuka zai zama gidaje ga ma'aikata sama da 1000, da kuma tashar wutar lantarki mai amfani da kwal don samar da makamashi ga masana'antar. Bugu da kari, akwai yiwuwar masu haɓakawa na iya gabatar da shrimp na saline don kara ingancin cirewa. A cewar Chris Magin, jami'in kasa da kasa na RSPB na Afirka, "Halin karamin flamingoes da ke ci gaba da haifuwa a fuskar irin wannan rikici yana kusa da sifili. Wannan ci gaban zai bar karamin flamingos a Gabashin Afirka da ke fuskantar halaka". Kashi saba'in da biyar na ƙananan flamingoes na duniya an haife su ne a Tafkin Natron . A halin yanzu wani rukuni na fiye da hamsin na kiyayewa da cibiyoyin muhalli na Gabashin Afirka suna gudanar da kamfen na duniya don dakatar da shirin gina masana'antar soda ash ta Tata Chemicals Ltd na Mumbai, Indiya, da Kamfanin Ci Gaban Kasa na Tanzania. Kungiyar da ke aiki a karkashin sunan laima na Lake Natron Consultative Group Ken Mwathe ne ke tsara shi, Manajan Shirin Karewa a Sakatariyar Afirka ta BirdLife International. Kamar yadda ta hanyar sadarwa a watan Yuni 2008, Tata Chemicals ba za ta ci gaba da aikin Natron ba kuma za a sake yin nazarin wannan aikin a cikin shirin Ramsar Wetlands, wanda a halin yanzu yana shirye-shirye. Saboda bambancin halittunta na musamman, Tanzaniya ta sanya sunan Tafkin Natron Basin a cikin jerin wuraren dausayi na Ramsar na Muhimmancin Duniya a ranar 4 ga Yuli 2001. Tafkin kuma shi ne asusun namun daji na duniya na Gabashin Afirka halophytics ecoregion. Ziyartar yankin Akwai sansani da dama a kusa da tafkin, wanda kuma shine tushen hawan Ol Doinyo Lengai. Tafkin Natron yana da damar jan hankalin yawon bude ido da ke da mahimmanci ga bunkasuwar sha'anin yawon shakatawa. Duk da haka, rashin tsarin gudanarwa na gabaɗaya, rashin isassun kuɗi a matakin aiki, rashin hanyoyin tabbatar da daidaiton rabon fa'idodin yawon buɗe ido, da kuma rashin ingantattun kayan aikin yawon buɗe ido don tallafawa ɓangarori daban-daban na masu yawon buɗe ido an gano su ne manyan ƙalubalen da ke da alaƙa da kula da sha'anin yawon shakatawa a yankin. Hakanan ana iya shiga tafkin daga Shompole Conservancy Kenya. Manazarta