Livorno

Livorno is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. History Today, Livorno is known for the fortified town walls and for the small streets. Many foreigners moved to Livorno such as Jews, Armenians, Greeks, Dutch, and English. Some Moriscos (Muslim Spaniards forced to turn Catholic), much later, also moved to Livorno (from Spain and during the 18th century). Main monuments Bridges, houses and streets, mostly from the neo-classical era are in the district of Livorno. Examples The "Monumento dei quattro mori" ("Monument of the Four Turks"), dedicated to Grand Duke Ferdinando I de' Medici of Tuscany, is one of the most important monuments of Livorno. Another important monument is the old fortress which has 3 bastions called “Capitana”, “Ampolletta” and “Canaviglia”. It was made before the Renaissance. Culture Politically, Livorno is one of the most left-leaning cities of Italy. The Communist Party of Italy was founded in Livorno on 21 January 1921. Economy Tuaca liqueur is produced in Livorno. The city also has a petrochemical industry. Sport Livorno has a football team in Serie A, A.S. Livorno Calcio. Languages Livorno inhabitants speak a Tuscan dialect of Italian, called vernacolo. Climate Livorno has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa in the Koeppen climate classification). Sister cities Bat Yam (Israel) Guadalajara (Spain) Haiphong (Vietnam) Novorossiysk (Russia) Oakland (United States of America) Important people from Livorno Mario Ancona (1860-1931), opera composer Leonetto Cappiello (1875-1942), painter Giorgio Caproni (1912-1990), poet Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born 1920), former President of the Republic of Italy Piero Ciampi (1934-1980), musician Giovanni Fattori (1825-1908), painter Voltolino Fontani (1920-1976), painter Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi (1804-1873), writer and politician Cristiano Lucarelli (born 1975), football player Pietro Mascagni (1863-1945), opera composer Matteo Mazzantini (born 1976), rugby player Amedeo Modigliani (1884-1920), painter and sculptor Aldo Montano (born 1978), fencer, Olympic gold medalist Alfredo Muller (1869-1940), artist Armando Picchi (1935-1971), football player and manager Dario Resta (1884-1924), Racecar driver, Indy 500 winner Angiolo Tommasi (1858-1923), artist Alberto Fremura (born 1936), artist Francis Levett English merchant Other websites Municipal website (in Italian) ItalianVisits.com Archived 2007-08-21 at the Wayback Machine Photographic map of Livorno (in Italian and English)