Euphrates

The Euphrates (/juːˈfreɪtiːz/; Arabic: الفرات‎: al-Furāt, Hebrew: פרת‎‎: Prat, Turkis: Fırat, Kurdish: Firat‎) is the langest an ane o the maist historically important rivers o Wastren Asie. Thegither wi the Tigris, it is ane o the twa definin rivers o Mesopotamie. Oreeginatin in eastren Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Sirie an Iraq tae join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab, which empties intae the Persie Gulf. Etymology The earliest references tae the Euphrates come frae cuneiform texts foond in Shuruppak an pre-Sargonic Nippur in soothren Iraq an date tae the mid-third millennium BCE. In these texts, written in Sumerie, the Euphrates appears as Buranuna (logographic: UD.KIB.NUN). The name coud an aw be written KIB.NUN.(NA) or dKIB.NUN, wi the prefix "d" indicatin that the river wis deified. In Sumerie, the name o the ceety o Sippar in modren-day Iraq wis an aw a written UD.KIB.NUN, indicatin a historically strang relationship atween the ceety an the river. In Akkadian, the Euphrates wis cried Purattu. The modren spellin o the Euphrates derives frae the Auld Persie Ufrātu via Middle Persie Frat intae Turkis Fırat. The Persie Ufrātu (meanin the guid) is an aw the source o the Greek spellin Εὐφράτης (Euphrates). See an aw Leet o ceeties an touns on the Euphrates River Notes Freemit airtins Bibliography on Water Resources and International Law Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine Peace Palace Library