Hay'ada baartaanda cirka ee hindiya

hay'ada baartaanda cirka ee hindiya (af-hindi भारतीय अन्तरिक्ष अनुसंधान संगठन) af-carabi منظمة البحوث الفضائية الهندية waa hay'ad ugu weyn ee baaritaanada cirka ee dowlada hinidya, waxaa la aasaasay 1969. hindiya waxay awood u yeelatay inay hesho qalabka cirka sare looga hawl galo -oo ay ka mid yihiin awooda ganid dayax gacmeed-. hada shaqooyin bay u qabata aduunweynaha iyado ay jiraan heshiisyo ay la gashay caalamlka iyo shirkadaha kalee cirka. Abuuridii hayada Badanka baaritaanada hindiya waxaa iska leh caalimka mitra, kaasoo sameeyay tijaabooyin badan ee codeed, isagoo u maray qaabka radiyaha dhulka labaatameeyadii qarnigii tagay magalada Kolkata. ka dib culumo kaloo hindi ah baa barnaamijka cirka sii gudagalay, wixii ka dambeeyay 1945 wuxuu noqday cilmi falagu mid aad u hormaray dhinaca hindiya, Qalabka ganida xaaladihii dhaqaale iyo kuwii siyaasadeed intii u dhexysay1960 ilaa 1970 ayaa xindiya ku kallifay inay xirka wax u dirsato , taaso ay badan ka gaartay iyo horumar la taaban karo iskaashi caalami ah waxay iskaashadaan dowlado badan: australia Barasiil china canada masar france hungry italy Jabaan russia maraykanka ingiriiska sweden iyo kuwo kale tixraac tixraac saldhigeed Bhaskaranarayana etc. (2007), "Applications of space communication", Current Science, 93 (12): 1737-1746, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences. Burleson, D. (2005), "India", Space Programs Outside the United States: All Exploration and Research Efforts, Country by Country, McFarland & Company, 136-146, ISBN 0-7864-1852-4. Daniel, R.R. (1992), "Space Science in India", Indian Journal of History of Science, 27 (4): 485-499, New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy. Gupta, S.C. etc. (2007), "Evolution of Indian launch vehicle technologies", Current Science, 93 (12): 1697-1714, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences. "India in Space", Science & Technology edited by N.N. Ojha, 110-143, New Delhi: Chronicle Books. Mistry, Dinshaw (2006), "Space Program", Encyclopedia of India (vol. 4) edited by Stanley Wolpert, 93-95, Thomson Gale: ISBN 0-684-31353-7. Narasimha, R. (2002), "Satish Dhawan", Current Science, 82 (2): 222-225, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences. Sen, Nirupa (2003), "Indian success stories in use of Space tools for social development", Current Science, 84 (4): 489-490, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences. "Space Research", Science and Technology in India edited by R.K. Suri and Kalapana Rajaram, 411-448, New Delhi: Spectrum, ISBN 81-7930-294-6. xiriir banaanka ah Official ISRO website. Official NARL website. FAS article on ISRO. Archived Agoosto 11, 2016 // Wayback Machine Article on India's space program.