Annobón

Annobón ( [] i; Portuguese: Ano-Bom) bụ mpaghara nke Equatorial Guinea. ógbè ahụ nwere agwaetiti Annobón na agwaetiti ndị metụtara ya na Gulf of Guinea. Annobón bụ mpaghara kachasị nta nke Equatorial Guinea na mpaghara na ndị bi na ya. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2015 si kwuo, Annobón nwere mmadụ 5,323, obere mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ site na 5,008 edebanyere aha site na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 2001. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ pere mpe amụbaala site na mmadụ 5,008 e debara aha ha site na ọnụọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2001. Asụsụ gọọmentị bụ Spanish mana ọtụtụ ndị bi na ya na-asụ ụdị asụsụ Portuguese nke Creole. Isi ụlọ ọrụ dị na agwaetiti ahụ bụ ịkụ azụ na ịkpa oke ọhịa. Annobón is the only island of the country located in the Southern Hemisphere of the Atlantic Ocean. The provincial capital is San Antonio de Palé on the north side of the island. There are three other small settlements; Mabana, San Pedro and Aual. As of 1911, some passing ships visited for water and fresh provisions, of which Annobón offered an abundant supply.[5] However, there was no regular shipping service to the rest of Equatorial Guinea, and ships called as infrequently as every few months. Aha ya Annobón nwetara aha ya site na Portuguese ano bom ''. A gụrụ agwaetiti ahụ aha n'ihi ụbọchị ndị Portugal chọpụtara ya n'Ụbọchị Afọ Ọhụrụ n'afọ 1473. A maara mpaghara ahụ n'oge gara aga dị ka Anno Bom ma ọ bụ Annabona . [6] N'ime afọ ndị ikpeazụ nke ọchịchị Francisco Macías Nguema, a na-akpọ agwaetiti ahụ Pigalu ma ọ bụ Pagalu, site na papagaio '' Portuguese. Akụkọ ihe mere eme Ndị Portugal chọpụtara agwaetiti ahụ na 1 Jenụwarị 1473; ọ nwetara aha ya site na ụbọchị ahụ ("Afọ Ọhụrụ"). [5] Otú ọ dị, onye Spain na-eme nchọpụta Diego Ramirez de la Diaz hụrụ agwaetiti ahụ na 1470 wee kpọọ ya San Antonio. O doro anya na ọ dịghị onye bi na ya ruo mgbe ndị Portugal chịrị ya site na 1474, karịsịa site n'aka ndị Afrịka si Angola site na São Tomé Island. A na-ewere ndị ohu a (ndị Portuguese kpọrọ escravos de regate) dị ka ndị mbụ so na ọha mmadụ Annobonese. Malite na mmalite narị afọ nke 16, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ohu a bụ ndị lụrụ ndị Yuropu ugbu a mụrụ ọgbọ ndị ọzọ nke ndị Anbonese bụ ndị a na-akpọ forros (ndị ohu ga-enwere onwe ha). Forros malitere ịzụlite njirimara pụrụ iche na ike mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba. Oge a hụkwara ka asụsụ Creole nke Anbonese pụtara ìhè. Nkwekọrịta El Pardo nke afọ 1778 nyere mba Spen agwaetiti ahụ. Nkwekọrịta ahụ nyere mba Spen ikike ịchịkwa agwaetiti Annobón na Fernando Po (nke bụ Bioko ugbu a) nke mba Pọtugal na ụsọ oké osimiri Guinea dị n'etiti Naịja na Ogooué, n'ọnọdụ nke ndị Spen nabatara ndị Pọtugal n'ókèala dị na Brazil n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ókèala nke Nkwekọrịta Tordesillas guzobere. A ga-emesịa mara mpaghara Spen nke e guzobere dịka Spanish Guinea. Ndị bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ megidere ndokwa ahụ ma na-emegide ndị Spain. Mgbe e nyefere ya na mgbe e welitere ọkọlọtọ Spain iji kwado ọbụbụeze Spain, ndị bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ nupụụrụ ndị bịara ọhụrụ ahụ isi, n'otu akụkụ n'ihi na a na-ewere ha dị ka ndị jụrụ okwukwe maka itinye nkịta na ọkọlọtọ ha (ihe osise ahụ na-anọchite anya ọdụm). Ha chụpụrụ ha dịka omenala nke ịtụba ndị amoosu n'oké osimiri si dị. Ọnọdụ nke ọgba aghara sochiri, na-eduga na ndokwa nke otu ụmụ amaala ise na-achịkwa agwaetiti ahụ, onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere ọfịs gọvanọ n'oge ahụ gafere ruo mgbe ụgbọ mmiri iri rutere n'àgwàetiti ahụ.[6] Gọọmentị na-achị onwe ya gara n'ihu, na agwaetiti ahụ nke Spain na Portugal kwuru, ruo mgbe e guzobeghachiri ikike nke Spain na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19. [6][5] Àgwàetiti ahụ ghọrọ akụkụ nke Elobey, Annobón na Corisco ruo n'oge na-adịghị anya ruo 1909. The British erected a fort at St Antony in 1801, eventually legalized through a lease from the Spanish government in 1827. The base was used by the British to suppress the Atlantic slave trade. N'afọ ikpeazụ nke ọchịchị Francisco Macías Nguema, onyeisi oche mbụ nke Equatorial Guinea, a kpọrọ agwaetiti ahụ Pigalu ma ọ bụ Pagalu. Ndị bi na ya nwere ajọ mbunobi megide ha na Equatorial Guinea, ụfọdụ malitekwara ịkwado mmegharị nkewa. Na 1993, gọọmentị etiti kewapụrụ agwaetiti ahụ, chụpụ ndị mba ọzọ gụnyere ndị otu enyemaka mmadụ. Ndị mmadụ nupụrụ isi ma wakpoo ebe obibi gọvanọ. Gọọmentị zara site n'igbu mmadụ abụọ n'enweghị ikpe. Nrụgide mba ụwa mere ka esemokwu belata, a tọhapụkwara ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.. Ọ bụ n'ihi obere agwaetiti a ka Equatorial Guinea rịọrọ maka ọkwa onye na-ekiri ihe na-emenụ obere oge e guzobere Community of Portuguese Language Country na 1996, nke dugara na nleta nke minista mba ofesi nke Portugal, Jaime Gama na Equatorial Guinea, na 1998. A na-egosipụta njirimara ya nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, omenala na okpukperechi n'ọkwa ya n'ọkwa mpaghara ya. Na 2006, Equatorial Guinea nwetara ọkwa onye na-ekiri ihe na-emenụ site n'aka São Tomé na Príncipe. Ọ nọgidere na-agba mbọ ịghọ onye otu zuru oke, n'ụzọ megidere nrụgide mba ụwa nke chọrọ ikewapụ mba ahụ n'ihi mmebi ikike mmadụ, wee bụrụ onye otu zuru oke na 2014 site na nkwado siri ike nke Africa na-asụ Portuguese, ebe eweghachiri asụsụ Portuguese dị ka asụsụ gọọmentị. Ọdịdị ala na ọdịdị ala Annobón is an extinct volcano, part of the Cameroon line, about 220 miles (350 km) west of Cape Lopez in Gabon and 110 miles (180 km) southwest of São Tomé Island.[5] The main island measures about 4 miles (6.4 km) long by 2 miles (3.2 km) wide,[6] with an area of about ,[5] but a number of small rocky islets surround it, including Santarém to the south. Its central crater lake is named Lago A Pot and its highest peak is Quioveo, which rises 598 meters (1,962 ft). The island is characterized by a succession of lush valleys and steep mountains, covered with rich woods and luxuriant vegetation.[6] A na-akọwakarị Annobón dị ka "na Gulf of Guinea",[a] dị ka agwaetiti ndị gbara ya gburugburu nke São Tomé na Príncipe, mana akara ókèala maka Gulf of Guinea nke International Hydrographic Organization guzobere na-aga n'ebe ugwu ya. [b] Flora na anụmanụ Na mbụ, obere agwaetiti a dị kilomita 335 (208 mi) site n'ụsọ oké osimiri Ndị Gabon enweghị ebe obibi ma nwee nnukwu ụdị dị iche iche. Site na colonization, ndị bi n'àgwàetiti jiri rafts ma ọ bụ "cayucos" (ụgbọ mmiri yiri ụgbọ mmiri) na-achụ nta humpback whales na ụmụ ha, na cetaceans ndị ọzọ, na harpoons dị nso n'àll ahụ. Annobón white-eye na Annobón paradise flycatcher bụ Nnụnụ na-abụ abụ, dị ka nduru na-acha nchara nchara nke Sao Tome. E nwekwara ndị na-azụ anụ ojii. E nwere ụdị nnụnụ iri abụọ na itoolu (dịka Annobón scops owl) n'àgwàetiti ahụ, nke BirdLife International họpụtara dị ka Ebe Nnụnụ Dị Mkpa (IBA). E nwekwara ụdị ụkpara abụọ (otu nke dị n'ógbè ahụ); anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ (ndị ise): otu agwọ, agụ owuru atọ, agụ owụ abụọ, mbe mmiri atọ; azụ osimiri: ụdị 18 (otu nke a na-ahụkarị); anwụnta, akpị, na nnukwu ụgbala. Ụmụ anụmanụ ndị e webatara gụnyere azụ, nnụnụ guinea, òké, nkịta, na nwamba. Àgwàetiti ahụ enweghị anụ ndị na-eri anụ. A na-ahụ Sharks n'oké osimiri gbara ya gburugburu. Nchịkwa Templeeti:Provinces of Equatorial Guinea Image Mapisi obodo nke mpaghara ahụ bụ San Antonio de Palé (nke bụbu St Antony). Àgwàetiti ahụ nwere kansụl obodo atọ (Consejos de Poblados): Anganchi, Aual, na Mabana. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ A na-eme atụmatụ na agwaetiti ahụ nwere mmadụ 3,000 site na ọtụtụ narị afọ nke 19. [6][5] N'afọ 2013, Annobón nwere mmadụ 5,323. Asụsụ Asụsụ bụ isi n'àgwàetiti ahụ bụ Portuguese Creole a maara dị ka Annobonese, Fa d'Ambu, ma ọ bụ Falar de Ano Bom ''). A na-eji Asụsụ Portuguese Creole eme ihe nke ọma na Annobón. Ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ngalaba niile ma e wezụga gọọmentị na agụmakwụkwọ ebe a na-eji Spanish eme ihe. A naghị asụkarị Spanish na Annobón. Ndị Katọlik nọ n'ógbè ahụ na-eji asụsụ Portuguese na-abụghị nke Creole eme ihe dị ka asụsụ liturgical. N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2012, minista mba ọzọ nke Equatorial Guinea bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ya na International Portuguese Language Institute (IPLI) maka ịkwalite Asụsụ Portuguese na Equatorial Guinea. Ntinye asụsụ Portuguese sochiri ọkwa nke onye isi ala Equatorial Guinea na 13 Julaị 2007 na iwu iwu iwu nke 2010 nke guzobere Portuguese dị ka asụsụ gọọmentị nke mba ahụ. Nnyocha mmekọrịta na asụsụ nke IPLI na Annobón kpughere njikọ siri ike na obodo ndị na-asụ asụsụ Portuguese na São Tomé na Príncipe, Cape Verde, na Guinea-Bissau. Agbụrụ Ndị bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ bụ ndị Portuguese na ndị Angola, na ụfọdụ Spanish. Mmetụta mbụ ndị Spain, jikọtara ya na ikewapụ onwe ya na mpaghara Equatorial Guinea na ịdị nso nke São Tomé na Príncipe - nke dị naanị kilomita 175 (109 mi) site na agwaetiti ahụ - enyerela aka ichekwa njikọ ọdịbendị agwaetiti ahụ na Portugal. Ọdịbendị ya yiri nke São Tomé na ndị Afro-Portuguese n'Africa niile. Ndị bi ebe ahụ bụ ndị Katọlik, ọ bụ ezie na ha nwere ụdị syncretism, okpukpe ka bụ ihe dị mkpa n'ụdị ndụ obodo. Okpukpe Dị ka Equatorial Guinea n'ozuzu ya, Annobón nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-agbaso Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, ọkachasị ndị Roman Katọlik bụ ndị ọdịbendị Portuguese nwere mmetụta siri ike. [6][5] Ebe ofufe dị n'àgwàetiti ahụ gụnyere ozi Roman Katọlik, na ụlọ ụka Assemblies of God. Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba Annobón dị maka Equatorial Guinea dịka site na onye nwe ya gọọmentị Equatorial Guinean na-azọrọ nnukwu ala mmiri na ndịda nke onye agbata obi ya, (nke n'onwe ya dị na ndịda isi ala EquatorialGuinea). Mmanụ dị na Gulf of Guinea na-anọchite anya ihe karịrị 80% nke akụ na ụba Equatorial Guinea, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ isi mmalite buru amụma na ihe ndị sitere na ebe nchekwa ugbu a ga-agwụ tupu 2020 . Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị oghere a na-egwu ugbu a na São Tomé, a na-eme atụmatụ na e nwere ijeri barel 34 (5.4 m3) nke mmanụ n'ime ókèala mmiri ya. Equatorial Guinea na-azọrọ ikike ịchọpụta ma mepụta hydrocarbons na nnukwu mpaghara oké osimiri gbara Annobón gburugburu nke sitere na 1°N ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 5°S, na site na 2°E ruo 7°E, mpaghara buru ibu karịa ala na ókèala oké osimiri nke Equatorial Guinée ndị ọzọ. Àgwàetiti ahụ nwere họtel nwere ọnụ ụlọ 55 maka ndị njem nleta na-esi n'ala Equatorial Guinea. Ihe owuwu Àgwàetiti ahụ nwere naanị otu ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọrụ ndị dị mkpa dị ka ọkụ eletrik na mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị ọcha dị ụkọ ma ọ bụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ọtụtụ ndị bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ nwere ike ịhapụ naanị site na ịnya ụgbọ mmiri kwa izu ma ọ bụ ịchọta ebe a na-anọ n'ụgbọ mmiri na-eleta otu ugboro ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ n'ọnwa. E meghere ọdụ ụgbọ elu Annobón na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Annobón n'akụkụ ugwu nke agwaetiti ahụ na 2010. N'afọ 2015, otu ìgwè ụlọ ọrụ tinyere panel anyanwụ n'àgwàetiti ahụ iji nye obodo na ọdụ ụgbọ elu ọkụ eletrik dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ mmepe nke Equatorial Guinea 'Horizon 2020'. A na-enye mkpa eletrik nke agwaetiti ahụ site na ndị na-emepụta diesel na-ebubata. A na-eji Annobón eme ihe dị ka ebe a na-atụfu Ihe mkpofu na-egbu egbu, ọkachasị n'afọ ndị 1980 na 1990. N'afọ 1988, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, onye isi ala Equatorial Guinea, sooro ụlọ ọrụ Britain mee nkwekọrịta iji kwado nde drums iri nke ihe mkpofu na-egbu egbu na Annobón. Der Spiegel kọrọ na 28 Ọgọstụ 2006 na a na-akwụ Equatorial Guinea ụgwọ iji lie Ihe mkpofu nuklia n'ebe ahụ. Nkewa N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2022, mmadụ abụọ bi na Annobón na Spain guzobere otu ndị na-ekewapụ onwe ha kpọrọ Ambô Legadu. Ha abụọ sonyere na ngagharị iwe nke afọ 1993. Otu n'ime ha, Orlando Cartagena Lagar, kpọrọ onwe ya praịm minista agwaetiti ahụ. Mgbe e guzobere Ambô Legadu, njide aka ike nke gọọmentị Equatorial Guinea mụbara. Dịka akwụkwọ akụkọ The Guardian si kwuo, ọtụtụ ndị obodo lere njide ọtụtụ mmadụ na Julaị 2024 anya dị ka akụkụ nke mkpọsa sara mbara iji gbochie ndị na-emegiderịta onwe ha.. Na 14 Mee 2024, a nabatara Republic of Annobón dị ka onye otu Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO). N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2025, otu ahụ rịọrọ ka agwaetiti ahụ bụrụ steeti ma ọ bụ mpaghara nke Argentina. Hụkwa Ógbè ndị dị na Equatorial Guinea Ihe edeturu Edensibịa Ebe e si nweta ya Njikọ mpụga Òtù Nchekwa Ọwara Oké Osimiri Guinea Otu Eziokwu nke NATURAL: BOSQUE NEBLINOSO nke ANNOBON (n'asụsụ Spanish) Ghuty Mamae: Isi nke Annobón (n'asụsụ Spanish) Àgwàetiti Pagalu ma ọ bụ Pagalú (n'asụsụ Spanish) Templeeti:Portuguese overseas empireTempleeti:Provinces of Equatorial Guinea26