布魯姆城堡

布魯姆城堡（Brougham Castle）位於英格蘭坎布里亞郡，屬於中世紀建築。建於13世紀初的羅馬式城堡，如今保留當初的石建城堡模樣，充分顯現當初用於保護及防衛英國莊園領地的原始模樣。 1264年－1269年，甫建完備的城堡領主數度易主，蘇格蘭戰爭期間，城堡修造更多防衛性設施，如堅固城門等。之後雖因防衛功能減低，數度轉賣或幾近荒廢，但是仍舊有其重要性。1930年代，該城堡成為國有，並變成英國的文化性遺產及該郡的觀光勝地之一。 參考資料 Cathcart King, David James (1988), The Castle in England and Wales: an Interpretative History, London: Croom Helm, ISBN 0-918400-08-2 Friar, Stephen (2003), The Sutton Companion to Castles, Stroud: Sutton Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7509-3994-2 Johnson, Matthew (2002), Behind the Castle Gate: From Medieval to Renaissance, London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-25887-1 Liddiard, Robert (2005), Castles in Context: Power, Symbolism and Landscape, 1066 to 1500, Macclesfield: Windgather Press Ltd, ISBN 0-9545575-2-2 McNeill, Tom (1992), English Heritage Book of Castles, London: English Heritage and B. T. Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-7025-9 Newman, Caron (2006), Brennand, Mark, ed., "The Medieval Period Resource Assessment", The Archaeology of North West England (The Association for Local Government Archaeological Officers and English Heritage with The Council for British Archaeology North West) 8: 115–144, ISSN 0962-4201 Reese, Peter (2003), Bannockburn, Edinburgh: Cannongate, ISBN 1-84195-465-9 Summerson, Henry (1999), Brougham and Brough Castles, London: English Heritage, ISBN 1-85074-729-6