Baraas Aswan les

Baraas Aswan Low ko baraas Aswan ɓooyɗo ko baraas gonɗo e dow maayo Nile to Aswan, Ejipt. Baraas oo ko Angalteer mahi ɗum to nokku gonɗo e cataract gadano Niil, ina woni fotde 1000 km dow maayo e 690 km (distance directe) fuɗnaange-rewo-fuɗnaange-rewo Kayhayɗi. Nde nde fuɗɗii mahde hakkunde 1899 e 1902, hay huunde e tolno mayre meeɗaa ƴeewteede ; nde timmi, ko nde baraas ɓurɗo mawnude e winndere ndee. Baraas oo waɗiraa ko ngam mooftude ndiyam ilam hitaande kala e ɓeydude nguleeki weeyo ngam wallitde ƴellitaare ndiyam mawnde e ɓeydagol yimɓe e nder maayo Niil les. Baraaji ɗii, e fuɗɗoode mum en ina pamɗi toowgol sabu kulhuli reende, ina ngolloo no haanirta nii, kono ina rokki mbaawka mooftude ko ina wona 100 000 mbuuzu ngam vamtaare ndema, nde ummiima laabi didi : hakkunde 1907 e 1912 e kadi hakkunde 1929 e 1933. Ɗee tooweeki haa jooni njahdaani e ɗaɓɓaande ndiyam nearly in-4d tiiɗnaare ngam ɓeydude toowgol poolgu. Ɗum addani wiɗto e mahngo baraas toowɗo Aswan, kilooji 6 (3,7 mi) dow maayo. Ɓawo Eɓɓoore arandeere winndaande ngam mahde baraas sara Aswan ko e teeminannde 11ɓiire, nde ganndo mawɗo e injenieer aarabeejo biyeteeɗo Ibn al-Haytham (anndiraaɗo Alhazen to Hirnaange) noddiraa to Ejipt e juuɗe Kaliifa Fatimid, Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, ngam yuɓɓinde ilam Nile Caggal nde golle makko e nder ladde ɗee kolliti mo wonde ndee feere ina waawi huutoreede, e kulol tikkere Kaliifa, o waɗiri majjere. O woni ko e kasoo galle gila 1011 haa al-Hakim sankii e hitaande 1021, e oon sahaa o winndi deftere makko mawnde, wiyeteende Optique. Mahugo Mahngo baraas oo to Aswan ina anndaa ko ɗum addani Philae ilam. Injiniyankooɓe Departemaa Golle Jaayndeeji njamiraama yo njahru yeeso e eɓɓoore ndee hay so tawii nokku goɗɗo tawaaka. Caggal nde ɓe keɓi nafoore maɓɓe e hitaande 1882 e wolde hakkunde Angalteer e Misra, nde addani ɓe heɓtude leydi Misra, Angalteer fuɗɗii mahde baraas gadano oo e dow maayo Niil e hitaande 1898. Mahngo ngo juuti haa hitaande 1902, ngo udditaa ñalnde 10 desaambar 1902, e juuɗe laamɗo Conthe Arthurn, Duke. Eɓɓoore ndee ko Sir William Willcocks feewni ɗum, nde wonnoo ko innjiniyankooɓe heewɓe mawɓe e oon sahaa, ina jeyaa heen Sir Benjamin Baker e Sir John Aird, mo fedde mum John Aird & Co. Kapitaal e kaalis ko Ernest Cassel rokki ɗum. Baraas Aswan ɓooyɗo oo, ko baraas mo doole mum njiylotoo; taƴe buttress ina njogii dame keewɗe, ɗe udditanoo hitaande kala ngam rewde e ilam e ɓuuɓri mum keewndi ñamri, kono tawa alaa ko jogori reende hitaande kala. Baraas oo mahiraa ko e kaaƴe dime, ina fawii e dow mum kaaƴe dime boɗeeje. Nde o mahaa, baraas Aswan ɓooyɗo oo ko baraas ɓurɗo mawnude e winndere ndee. Design oo ina waɗi kadi coktirgal navigation lock nannduɗo e mahngo to bannge hirnaange, ko ɗuum addanta laana ndiwoowa yahde dow haa yettoo cataract ɗiɗaɓo, tawi noon portage dow leydi ina ɗaɓɓiree ko adii ɗuum. E sahaa mahngo maggo, alaa ko woni e ngalɗoo tolno meeɗaa ƴeewteede. Toowgol Keeri aranndeeji mbaɗaama dow tooweeki baraas oo, ngam kulhuli e suudu dewal Philae. Pewnugol adanngol ngol tawaama ina ŋakki e haajuuji ƴellitaare, tee tooweeki baraas oo ƴettaa ko e daawal ɗiɗi: meeteruuji 5 (16 ft) hakkunde 1907 e 1912 e meeteruuji 9 (30 ft) hakkunde 1929 e 1933. Pewnugol kuuraa ɓeydaama heen. Daawe gadane ɗee ko Sir Benjamin Baker ardii ɗum, kono ko ɓuri heewde e golle laaɓtuɗe ɗee ko Murdoch MacDonald waɗi ɗum. E ƴellitaare mum sakkitiinde (nde fedde MacDonald, Sir M MacDonald & Partners, feewni e toppitiinde ɗum), baraas oo ina waɗi 1 950 meeter (6 400 ft) njuuteendi, e tolno 36 meeter (118 ft) dow ŋorol maayo ngol e dow ŋoral mawngal hakkunde ŋoral maayo ngal;[9] E mahngo baraas toowɗo oo to dow maayo, mbaawka baraas ɓooyɗo oo e rewde e ɓuuɓri ilam ndii majjii, ko noon kadi mbaawka golloraade ko coktirgal ngal rokki ɗum. Tolno reservoir Old Dam ɓennuɗo oo kadi ustaama, jooni ina rokka ɗowgol ndiyam wutte ngam Dam Toowɗo oo. Laabi doole Dam Aswan Low ina wallita cuuɗi laana ndiwoowa ɗiɗi, Aswan I (1960) e Aswan ɗiɗaɓo (1985-1986). Aswan I ina waɗi 7 X 40 megawatt (54 000 hp) e turbineeji Kaplan ngam hawrude e 280 megawatt (380 000 hp) ina woni bannge worgo baraas oo. Aswan II ina waɗi 4 x 67,5 megawatt (90 500 hp) ngam semmbe 270 megawatt (360 000 hp) ina woni e ŋoral baraas oo. tuugnorgal