Masjid Al-Azhar

Masjid Al-Azhar (bahasa Arab: [الجامع الأزهر] Galat: : text has italic markup (bantuan), translit. al-Jāmiʿ al-ʾAzhar, har. 'Masjid Menawan', bahasa Arab Mesir: [جامع الأزهر] Galat: : text has italic markup (bantuan)), atau lebih yang dikenal dengan Kompleks Masjid Al-Azhar, adalah sebuah kompleks masjid dan universitas yang berada di kota Kairo, Provinsi Kairo, Mesir. Masjid ini dibangun atas perintah Jawhar al-Siqilli, tak lama setelah Kairo didirikan sebagai ibu kota baru Kekhalifahan Fathimiyah pada tahun 970. Masjid ini merupakan masjid pertama yang didirikan di Kairo. Nama masjid ini biasanya dianggap berasal dari kata az-Zahrāʾ ("yang bersinar"), gelar yang diberikan kepada Fatimah az-Zahra, putri Nabi Muhammad. Namun setelah peresmiannya pada tahun 972, dan dengan pengangkatan 35 ulama oleh otoritas masjid pada tahun 989, masjid ini perlahan berkembang dan ditandai dengan adanya universitas tertua kedua di dunia, Universitas Al-Azhar. Universitas ini telah lama dianggap sebagai lembaga terkemuka di dunia Islam untuk studi teologi Sunni dan syariat Islam. Lihat pula Universitas Al-Azhar Referensi Pranala luar Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2 Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid; Amirpur, Katajun; Setiawan, Mohamad Nur Kholis (2006), Reformation of Islamic thought: a critical historical analysis, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 978-90-5356-828-6 Aburish, Said K. (2004), Nasser, the Last Arab, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0-312-28683-5 Asprey, Robert B. 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(2005), Encyclopedia of African history, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1-57958-453-5 Siddiqi, Muhammad (2007), Arab culture and the novel: genre, identity and agency in Egyptian fiction, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-77260-0 Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob (1997), Defining Islam for the Egyptian state: muftis and fatwas of the Dār al-Iftā, Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-10947-6 Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, ed. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7 Tibi, Bassam (2006), "Egypt as a Model of Development for the World of Islam", dalam Harrison, Lawrence E.; Berger, Peter (ed.), Developing cultures: case studies, CRC Press, ISBN 978-0-415-95280-4 Viorst, Milton (2001), In the shadow of the Prophet: the struggle for the soul of Islam, Westview Press, ISBN 978-0-8133-3902-3 Voll, John Obert (1994), Islam, continuity and change in the modern world: Contemporary issues in the Middle East, Syracuse University Press, ISBN 978-0-8156-2639-8 Watson, William E. (2003), Tricolor and crescent: France and the Islamic world; Perspectives on the twentieth century, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-275-97470-1 Williams, Caroline (2002), Islamic Monuments in Cairo, American University in Cairo Press, ISBN 978-977-424-695-1 Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0 Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5 Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (2002), The ulama in contemporary Islam: custodians of change, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-09680-3 Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3), Cambridge University Press: 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217 Zeghal, Malika (2007), "The "Recentering" of Religious Knowledge and Discourse: The Case of al-Azhar in Twentieth-Century Egypt", dalam Hefner, Robert W.; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (ed.), Schooling Islam: the culture and politics of modern Muslim education, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-12933-4