Xeops piramidasi

Xeops piramidasi (), Gizaning buyuk piramidasi – Misr piramidalarining eng kattasi, Qadimgi Misr meʼmorlik sanʼati yodgorligi; „Dunyoning yetti moʻjizasi“ dan hozirgi kungacha saqlanib qolgan yagona va ulardan eng qadimgisi: yoshi taxminan 4500 yil deb baholanadi. Misr poytaxti va Nil deltasi yaqinidagi Giza platosida; Qadimgi podsholikning toʻrtinchi sulolasidan boʻlgan uch fir’avn nomlari bilan atalgan uch yirik piramida joylashgan hududning eng shimoliy qismida joylashgan. Uch piramida – tomonlari dunyoning toʻrt tomoniga aniq yoʻnaltirilgan – Qohira tashkil etilishidan ming yillar oldin Memfis (Qadimgi podsholik poytaxti) va Geliopol shaharlari atrofida qurilgan. Tomonlari tekis va kvadrat asosga ega bir yarusli piramida boʻlib, ustki qoplami 1395-yilda Sulton Barquq davrida olib tashlangan. Tepa qismi 10x10 m oʻlchamdagi platforma shaklidadir. Piramidani qurish paytida, taxminan 4500 yil oldin, yer oʻqining presessiyasi tufayli, samoviy sferaning shimoliy qutbiga (polarissima) eng yaqin yorqin yulduz Alpha Ursa Minor emas, balki Alpha Draconis boʻlgan. Uch ming yildan koʻproq vaqt davomida (Angliyaning Linkoln sobori qurilgunga qadar, taxminan 1300-yillar) piramida Yerdagi eng baland inshoot boʻlgan. 1979-yildan, Memfis va nekropollarining koʻplab piramidalari – Gizadan Daxshur majmuasigacha boʻlgan piramidalar qatori, UNESCOning Jahon merosi roʻyxatiga kiritilgan. Adabiyotlar Замаровский В.. Их величества пирамиды, По следам исчезнувших культур Востока. М.: Главная редакция восточной литературы издательства «Наука», 1981. Ионина Н. А.. 100 великих чудес света, М., 1999. Arnold, Dieter. Temples of Ancient Egypt. I. B. Tauris, 2005. ISBN 978-1-85043-945-5. Arnold, Dieter; Strudwick, Nigel; Strudwick, Helen. The encyclopaedia of ancient Egyptian architecture. I.B. Tauris, 2002. ISBN 978-1-86064-465-8. Battutah, Ibn. 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Grove Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8021-1703-1. Verner, Miroslav. The Pyramids: Their Archaeology and History. Atlantic Books, 2003. ISBN 1-84354-171-8. Vyse, H.. Operations Carried on at the Pyramids of Gizeh in 1837: With an Account of a Voyage into Upper Egypt, and an Appendix. London: J. Fraser, 1840a. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 15-sentyabr. Vyse, H.. Operations Carried on at the Pyramids of Gizeh in 1837: With an Account of a Voyage into Upper Egypt, and an Appendix. London: J. Fraser, 1840b. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 26-fevral. Havolalar Postroyka piramidi Xeopsa (XXVI vek do n. e.) (Wayback Machine saytida 2023-09-08 sanasida arxivlangan) Dimensions of Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops)(ingl.) The pyramids and temples of Gizeh (1883)(ingl.) Geological and Geomorphological study of the original hill at the base of Fourth Dynasty Egyptian monuments (Wayback Machine saytida 2011-05-24 sanasida arxivlangan)(ingl.)