Dam din Moukoulou

Madatsar ruwan Moukoukoulou madatsar ruwa ce ta samar da wutar lantarki a kogin Bouenza da ke Jamhuriyar Congo, wacce kwararrun kasar Sin suka gina kuma aka ba ta izinin samar da wutar lantarki ga Pointe-Noire a shekarar 1979. Ita ce babbar hanyar samar da wutar lantarki a kudancin kasar. Saboda rashin daidaiton ruwa da kuma rashin kula da tashar da hanyoyin sadarwa, sau da yawa tana samar da kasa da megawatts 74 da aka saba bayarwa. Fasaha Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta Moukoukoulou ta ƙunshi madatsar ruwa ta siminti mai hanyar zubar ruwa kyauta, wurin shan ruwa mai kyau da aka sanya wa layukan wutar lantarki, bawuloli na kai, bututun samar da ruwa da bututun penstock, wurin aiki da kuma tashar waje. Tsawon digo na musamman shine 68 metres (223 ft) . Cibiyar samar da wutar lantarki tana da saitin injin turbine/janerata guda huɗu masu ƙarfin megawatt 18.5, wanda ke ba da jimlar ƙarfin megawatt 74. Akwai na'urori masu canza wutar lantarki guda biyu masu ƙarfin megavolt-ampere guda biyu, tare da saiti biyu a kowace na'ura mai canza wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na fitarwa shine kilovolt 11 kuma ƙarfin fitarwa shine kilovolt 110. Ana shigar da wutar lantarki cikin hanyar sadarwa ta watsa wutar lantarki wacce ta haɗa da tashoshin masu canza wutar lantarki 110 kV a Bouenza Il, Nkayi da Loudima, da tashoshin masu canza wutar lantarki 35 kV a Loutété, Madingou da Dolisie . A shekarar 1985, masana'antar ta sami matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 400. GWh/shekara, amma rabin hakan ne kawai hanyar sadarwa ta mamaye saboda rashin haɗin kai da Brazzaville . Kimanin 240 An samar da GWh a lokacin damina, kuma 160 GWh a lokacin rani. A lokacin ƙarancin ruwa na Yuni, Yuli da Agusta, wutar lantarki da aka tabbatar ba za ta wuce 30 ba MW. Wani rahoto na 2004 ya ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar tsarin riƙe ruwa don tabbatar da cikakken fitarwa na wutar lantarki a duk shekara. Tarihi Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta Moukoukoulou ita ce mafi muhimmanci a ƙasar. An fara ginawa a ƙarƙashin shugabancin Marien Ngouabi a cikin tsarin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Sin da Kongo . Ma'aikatan China ne suka gina madatsar ruwa a shekarar 1974. An ƙaddamar da tashar samar da wutar lantarki a shekarar 1979. Bayan kammala aikin, ta zama babbar hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Jamhuriyar Kongo. : 53 Wani rahoto na UNDP / Bankin Duniya na 1988 ya lura cewa tashar wutar lantarki ta Moukoukoulou tana cikin mawuyacin hali. Layin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya mai ƙarfin 225 kW/110 kV ya haɗa Moukoukoulou da Pointe-Noire, don haka wannan birnin yana fuskantar matsalar gazawar wutar lantarki. Société Nationale d'Electricité (SNE) tana da hanyoyin sadarwa guda biyu masu zaman kansu, ɗaya a Brazzaville ɗayan kuma a Pointe-Noire. A 225 Ana sa ran layin kV da ke haɗa hanyoyin sadarwa zai fara aiki a ƙarshen 1988. Wannan zai ba da damar a tura ƙarin ƙarfin Moukoukoulou zuwa Brazzaville da kuma rage buƙatar shigo da kayayyaki daga Zaire. An buƙaci aiki mai yawa a Moukoukoulou kan kayan aiki na taimako kuma dole ne a warware wasu matsaloli don inganta fitarwa da aminci. A watan Afrilun 1998, 'yan tawayen Cocoye suka kwace madatsar ruwa ta Moukoukoulou Hydroelectric, inda suka kashe ma'aikata da dama tare da katse wutar lantarki zuwa Pointe-Noire na tsawon makonni da dama. Masana'antar ta lalace, kuma tun daga lokacin ta samar da 25 kawai. MW. A watan Afrilun 2002, wani bore da sojojin gwamnati 21 suka yi suna neman a biya su albashinsu ya haifar da yanke wutar lantarki daga madatsar ruwan Moukoukoulou. Wannan ya haifar da katsewar wutar lantarki a kudancin kasar. A ranar 2 ga Mayun 2002, an kori sojojin daga aikin soja. Wani rahoto na OECD na shekarar 2005 ya lura cewa a lokacin yakin basasar, an lalata tasoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa sosai, kuma akwai karancin ruwa da wutar lantarki mai tsanani. Kayan aikin SNE sun ragu kuma suna aiki da kashi 1/3 kawai na karfinsu. Ana sa ran za a fara gyaran layin wutar lantarki mai karfin lantarki tsakanin Moukoukoulou da Brazzaville nan ba da jimawa ba. A watan Mayun 2007, Shugaba Denis Sassou Nguesso ya ziyarci Moukoukoukoulou, inda aka gyara dukkan janareto huɗu na turbine akan kuɗin dalar Amurka miliyan 12, kodayake aikin transfoma bai kammala ba tukuna. Lalacewar da aka samu a hanyar sadarwa ta watsa wutar lantarki ta hana wutar lantarki isa Brazzaville, wacce ke dogaro da wutar lantarki daga masana'antun Inga a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. Masu fasaha na China ne suka gudanar da aikin gyaran tare da tallafin kuɗi na CFA biliyan 6 daga gwamnatin Kongo. A shekarar 2017, shugaban SNE, Eugène Ondzambe Ngoyi, ya nemi gwamnati da ta ba da kuɗin yin gyaran gaba ɗaya ga kayan aikin a Moukoukoulou. Tun daga shekarar 1979, an yi gyare-gyare sau uku kacal a cikin shekaru 34, kodayake ana ba da shawarar a yi duk bayan shekaru huɗu. A ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2018, an rushe SNE kuma aka mayar da kadarorinta da ma'aikatanta zuwa sabon kamfanin Energie Electrique du Congo (E2C). A watan Oktoba na 2018, Ma'aikatar Makamashi da Hydraulics ta gayyaci kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da su gyara, sabunta da kuma gudanar da tashar wutar lantarki ta Moukoukoulou. Manazarta