Madawaska Maliseet Al'umma ta Farko

Madawaska Maliseet First Nation ( Malecite-Passamaquoddy ) ko St. Basile 10 band ɗaya daga cikin Wolastoqiyik shida ko Maliseet Nations akan kogin Saint John a kasar Kanada . Yankin Madawaska Maliseet First Nation (MMFN) yana cikin Arewacin New Brunswick. Ana ajiye ajiyar MMFN 1.6 km gabas da Edmundston a yankin arewa maso yamma na New Brunswick. ƙungiyar tana da mutane 350. Kimanin nanbobi 114 na MMFN suna zaune a St. Basile no. 10 ajiya. Sun kasance wani ɓangare na Majalisar Kabilu na Kogin Saint John Valley. Sunayen iyali sun haɗa da Bernard, Cimon, Francis, da Wallace. Tarihi Maliseet kuma Malecite, Malécites ko Étchemins, sunansu masu zaman kansu shine Wəlastəkwewiyik, Wolastoqiyik. Wolastoq yana nufin "Kyakkyawan Kogin," yana nufin kogin Saint John . Wolastoqiyik yana nufin "Mutanen Kogin Kyawun" a Maliseet. Wəlastəkwewiyik "Mutanen Maliseet," a cikin Maliseet. Ƙasarsu ta al'ada ta fadada tare da kogin Wolastoq/Saint John a New Brunswick da Maine kuma sun taɓa faɗaɗa har zuwa kogin St. Lawrence. Su ne masu magana da Algonkian (Algonquian). Ƙasashensu da albarkatunsu sun kasance a gabas da ƙasashen gargajiya na Mi'kmaq da yamma ta Passamaquoddy (ko Peskotomuhkati ) da al'ummomin Penobscot . A lokacin haduwar Turawa, Maliseet (Wolastoqiyik) suna zaune ne a kauyuka masu garu kuma suna aikin gona (masara, wake, kabewa da taba). Baya ga noman amfanin gona sun rayu ta hanyar kamun kifi, farauta da tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa, berries, goro da kayan amfanin halitta. Tun daga zamanin da ba a iya tunawa ba, yankin MMFN ya kasance muhimmiyar wurin shakatawa da wurin taro ga mutanen Maliseet a lokacin ƙaura na yanayi. A tsakiyar shekarun 1700, ƙauyukan Maliseet a Madawaska sun zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma. Koyaya, a farkon karni na 19 ya ragu sosai. An kafa babban al'umma a Madawaska a farkon shekarun 1800, wanda ya fara ne da ƙaurawar Acadians daga ƙananan Kogin Saint John a cikin shekara ta 1785. Faransanci sun kira yankin Petit-Sault ma'ana Little Falls a Faransanci, yana nufin magudanan ruwa da ke inda Kogin Madawaska ya haɗu da Kogin Saint John. A ƙarshen shekarun 1880, Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), ya kwace sassan ƙasa guda uku. Adadin ɓangaren ƙasar ya kai kusan kadada 13 wanda ya yanke ta hanyar MMFN. CPR ta gina wani sashi na hanyar jirgin kasa da ke gudana daga Woodstock zuwa Edmundston. (AANDC 2008) After the abandonment of this section of land for railway purposes around 1971, the CPR entered into an agreement with the Fraser Papers Inc. (now Twin Rivers) pulp mill, the largest pulp mill in the area. Fraser Papers Inc. constructed an above-ground pipeline running from their mill to a tailings pond on the CPR easement.Samfuri:Harv. "Mutane ba za su iya tafiya daga kudu zuwa arewacin bututun ba saboda kun san, yana kan ƙasa... an yi shi da sandunan katako, 4 feet tsawo. " Lokacin da aka watsar da hanyar jirgin kasa MMFN ta yi da'awar dawo da ƙasarsu. Yankunan da'awar suna daga cikin ajiyar St. Basile na 10, inda kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na mambobi 228 na Madawaska Maliseet First Nation ke rayuwa. Wannan ajiyar tana da nisan kilomita 1.6 a gabashin Edmundston a yankin arewa maso yammacin New Brunswick. Wadanda ba ƴan asalin ƙasarsu ba, waɗanda aka kwace ƙasarsu don hanyar jirgin ƙasa, sun mayar musu da ƙasarsu. "Madawaska Maliseet First Nation ta yi zargin cewa Gwamnatin Kanada ta kasa karewa da adana sha'awarta a cikin ajiyar lokacin da Canadian Pacific Railway ta daina amfani da ƙasar don dalilai na jirgin ƙasa. " (). The mill is paired with a Fraser paper mill directly across the Saint John River in Madawaska, Maine, through which liquified pulp slurry is piped - the only such installation anywhere along the Canada–United States border. Joanna Bernard, Cif na Madawaska Maliseet First Nation, ya sami nasarar tattauna takamaiman da'awar ƙasa game da Canadian Pacific Right of Way, wanda ya haɗa da dala miliyan 5.7 a cikin diyya da kuma dawo da ƙasar ajiyar. (). "Wannan sulhu yana da alaƙa da amfani da sassan ƙasa guda uku, kusan kusan kadada 13, wanda Canadian Pacific Railway ta yi amfani da shi don gina wani ɓangare na hanyar jirgin ƙasa da ke gudana daga Woodstock zuwa Edmundston a ƙarshen 1800s. A shekara ta 2012 Madawaska Maliseet First Nation kuma "ta tattauna yarjejeniya tare da Twin Rivers, sabbin masu mallakar Fraser Papers, suna ba da damar kamfanin ya ci gaba da aiki da bututun a kan ajiyar. " (). Haɗin waje Gidan yanar gizon Madawaska Maliseet na farko Harshen Maliseet da alaƙar al'adu Cibiyar Mi'kmaq-Maliseet - Jami'ar New Brunswick Tashar Harshe ta Passamaquoddy-Maliseet manazarta