Chott Melrhir

Samfuri:Infobox body of water Chott Melrhir ( Arabic ), wanda kuma aka sani da Chott Melghir ko Chott Melhir da Tafkin Tritonis a cikin tatsuniyoyi na da, wani tafki ne mai kama da chott mai kama da endorheic a arewa maso gabashin Aljeriya . Shi ne ɓangaren yamma na jerin magudanan ruwa waɗanda suka fara daga Tekun Gabès zuwa Sahara . A da an san shi da Tafkin Tritonis . [1] [2] An ƙirƙira su tsakanin Miocene da Farkon Pleistocene sakamakon matsi da ke tare da samuwar tsaunukan Atlas . [3] Tare da matsakaicin yanki na kimanin 6,700 square kilometres (2,600 sq mi) , ita ce tafki mafi girma a Aljeriya. [4] Yana kusa da matakin teku gaba ɗaya kuma yana ɗauke da mafi ƙasƙanci wuri a Aljeriya, −40 metres (−130 ft) . [5] Girmansa ya bambanta a tsawon shekara kuma yawanci ya fi 130 kilometres (81 mi) girma daga gabas zuwa yamma. [6] Biranen da ke kusa sune Biskra (60) kilomita arewa maso yamma), El Oued da Touggourt (85) kilomita kudu). [7] Ilimin halittu, ilmin ƙasa da kuma ilimin ƙasa A lokacin ruwan sama a lokacin hunturu, tafkin yana cike da koguna da yawa (waɗanda ke bushewa lokaci-lokaci), galibi daga arewa da arewa maso yamma. Mafi girma daga cikinsu sune Djedi da Arab suna gudana daga yamma zuwa gabas a gangaren tsaunukan Aurès . Wasu sun haɗa da Abiod, Beggour Mitta, Biskra, Bir Az Atrous, Cheria, Demmed, Dermoun, Derradj, Djedeida, Djemorah, Halail, Horchane, Ittel, Mechra, Melh, Mzi, Messad, Oum El Ksob, Soukies, Tadmit da Zeribet. A lokacin rani, tafkin da yawancin kogunan da ke ciyar da shi suna bushewa, kuma Chott Melrhir ya zama tukunya mai gishiri . Tsaftacewar ruwa na shekara-shekara yana bambanta tsakanin 9.6 da 20 km 3, kuma ƙafewar ƙasa da ke kusa da tafkin na iya kaiwa 14 km 3. Chott Melrhir ya rabu da Chott Meorouane da ke kusa, wanda ke kudu maso yamma, ta hanyar wani yanki na busasshiyar ƙasa mai kunkuntar da za ta iya zama kamar kilomita 4 a wasu wurare. Kasan tafkin galibi ya ƙunshi gypsum da laka kuma an rufe shi da gishiri a lokacin rani. Tafkin yana fitar da ƙamshi kamar tafarnuwa. Duk da cewa busasshiyar ƙasa a cikin tafkin da kewaye tana kama da mai iya noma, kusan ba ya dahuwa saboda yawan gishirin da ke cikinsa. Saboda wannan dalili, ƙasa tana shan danshi da yawa cikin dare wanda ke sa shi ɗan danshi a yawancin rana. Yanayi Yanayi a Chott Melrhir yana da zafi da bushewa, tare da yawan ƙafewa da kuma ƙarancin ruwan sama. Matsakaicin mafi ƙasƙanci da mafi girma shine 11.4 da 34.2. °C, bi da bi, kuma mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki shine kusan 0 °C. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana ƙasa da 160 mm. Iska tana da saurin tsakanin 2.7 da 5.3 m/s kuma galibi ana tura su kudu maso gabas tsakanin watan Yuni da Satumba da kuma arewa maso yamma tsakanin kaka da farkon bazara. Guguwar yashi ta fi yawa a lokacin hunturu da ƙarshen bazara kuma tana ɗaukar kwanaki 39 a kowace shekara a matsakaici. Flora da fauna Ruwan da ke cikin tafkin ya ƙunshi ƙarancin ciyayi da suka ƙunshi nau'ikan tsire-tsire 72 waɗanda suka dace da ruwa mai gishiri, irin su lavender na teku ( Limonium ), rushewa ( Juncus ), glasswort ( Salicornia ), Sarcocornia, bulrush ( Scirpus ) da seepweeds ( Suaeda ). Wasu nau'ikan sun bambanta ga Aljeriya kuma 14 suna da yawa, kamar Fagonia microphylla, Oudneya africana, Zygophyllum cornutum, Limoniastrum feii da Ammosperma cinerea . Sun girma har zuwa 30 Tsawon santimita kuma yana ɗauke da avifauna mai wadata, galibi agwagwa, yashi, houbara bustard ( Chlamydotis undulata ) da babban flamingo ( Phoenicopterus roseus ). Ruwan tafkin yana cike da gishiri tare da yawan da ke kaiwa 0.4 kg/L kuma suna rayuwa da nau'ikan dabbobi kaɗan ne kawai, kamar jatan lande mai ruwan teku . An ga alade na daji, dila na zinariya, zomaye da dila a kusa da tafkin. A watan Yunin 2003, an haɗa Chott Melrhir cikin Jerin wuraren dausayi na Ramsar masu mahimmanci a duniya . Manazarta Hanyoyin haɗi na waje Cikakken rahoto game da tafkin daga Ma'aikatar Noma ta Aljeriya tare da taswirar yankin (da Faransanci) Samfuri:Wetlands