Chott Melrhir

Chott Melrhir (Arabic: شط ملغيغ), also known as Chott Melghir or Chott Melhir and Lake Tritonis in ancient myths, is an endorheic chott-kind of salt lake in northeastern Algeria. It is the westernmost part of a series of depressions which extend from the Gulf of Gabès into the Sahara. It was formerly known as Lake Tritonis. They were created between Miocene and Early Pleistocene as a result of compression accompanying the formation of the Atlas Mountains. With the maximum area of about 6,700 km2 (2,600 sq mi), it is the largest lake in Algeria. It lies almost entirely below sea level and contains the lowest point in Algeria, −40 meters (−130 feet). Its size varies over the year and is usually larger than 130 km (81 mi) from east to west. The nearby cities are Biskra (60 km north-west), El Oued and Touggourt (85 km south). Hydrology, geology na geography N'oge mmiri ozuzo n'oge oyi, ọdọ mmiri ahụ jupụtara n'ọtụtụ wadi (osimiri na-akpọnwụ mgbe ụfọdụ), ọtụtụ n'ime ha si n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Ndị kasị ukwuu n'ime ha bụ Djedi na Arab[./Chott_Melrhir#cite_note-gov-2 [1]] na-esi n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ gaa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ gbadaa na Ndagwurugwu Ugwu Aurès . Ndị ọzọ gụnyere Abiod, Beggour Mitta, Biskra, Bir Az Atrous, Cheria, Demmed, Dermoun, Derradj, Djedeida, Djemorah, Halail, Horchane, Ittel, Mechra, Melh, Mzi, Messad, Oum El Ksob, Soukies, Tadmit na Zeribet. N'oge okpomọkụ, ọdọ mmiri ahụ na ọtụtụ n'ime osimiri ndị na-enye ya mmiri na-akpọnwụ, Chott Melrhir na-aghọ ebe a na-etinye nnu. Mmiri na-agbapụta kwa afọ dị n'agbata 9.6 na 20 km3, na mmiri na-agbapụ site na ala dị nso n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ nwere ike iru 14 km3. Chott Melrhir kewara na Chott Meorouane dị nso, nke dị na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ, site na ala kpọrọ nkụ nke nwere ike ịdị warara dị ka kilomita 4 n'ebe ụfọdụ. Ala ọdọ mmiri ahụ nwere gypsum na apịtị ma kpuchie ya na nnu n'oge ọkọchị. Ọdọ mmiri ahụ na-esi ísì galik. Ọ bụ ezie na ala kpọrọ nkụ dị n'ime na gburugburu ọdọ mmiri ahụ yiri ka ọ dị mma ịkọ ihe, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ịmị mkpụrụ n'ihi nnukwu nnu. N'ihi otu ihe ahụ, ala ahụ na-amịkọrọ ọtụtụ mmiri ozuzo n'otu abalị nke na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mmiri mmiri n'ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe Ihu igwe dị na Chott Melrhir dị ọkụ ma kpọọ nkụ nke ukwuu, mmiri na-erukwa oke ikuku, mmiri na-ezokwa obere. Okpomọkụ kacha ala na nke kachasị elu bụ 11.4 na 34.2 °C, n'otu n'otu, okpomọkụ kacha nta dịkwa ihe dị ka 0 °C. Mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ dị n'okpuru 160 mm. Ifufe na-efe efe na-agba ọsọ n'etiti 2.7 na 5.3 m/s, a na-agakarịkwa ya na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ n'etiti June na Septemba, nakwa n'ebe ugwu-ọdịda anyanwụ n'etiti oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi. Oké ifufe ájá na-efekarị n'oge oyi na ngwụcha oge okpomọkụ, ọ na-ewekwa ụbọchị 39 kwa afọ na nkezi.. Flora na anụmanụ Mmiri na-adịghị omimi nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ nwere ahịhịa dị ụkọ nke nwere ụdị osisi 72 nke na-eme ka mmiri nnu mara, dị ka lavender (Limonium), rushes (Juncus), glasswort (Salicornia), Sarcocornia, bulrush (Scirpus) na seepweeds (Suaeda). Ụfọdụ ụdị dị iche iche maka Algeria na 14 bụ ndị a na-ahụkarị, dị ka Fagonia microphylla, Oudneya Africa, Zygophyllum cornutum, Limoniastrum feii na Ammosperma cinerea. Ha toro ruo sentimita 30 n'ịdị elu ma na-anabata ụmụ nnụnụ bara ọgaranya, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ọbọgwụ, sandgrouse, houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata) na flamingo ka ukwuu (Phoenicopterus roseus). Mmiri ọdọ mmiri jupụtara na nnu na njupụta ruru 0.4 kg / L ma na-akwado naanị ụdị anụmanụ ole na ole, dị ka saline shrimp . A hụrụ anụ ọhịa, nkịta ọhịa, nkụ ọhịa na nkịta ọhịa gburugburu ọdọ mmiri ahụ. Na June 2003, a gụnyere Chott Melrhir na Ndepụta nke Ramsar wetlands nke mba ụwa dị mkpa. Edensibịa Njikọ mpụga A detailed report on the lake by the Ministry of Agriculture of Algeria with the map of the area (in French)