see its skin turned to such an account as this the texture is more than that of ordinary but it gives evidence of having all the other of shoe leather in of pressure it would be quite equal to for dry weather while it would probably be more this curiosity � for such it is � was by c h he calls his novel article patent leather it took a in the london exhibition the exhibition and trunks this head we propose to do justice to most of heavier articles on exhibition which chiefly from leather first ol saddle s the is known it probably ne er hid origin but has been a gradual growth from the f necessity beginning with a mere piece of and to the beautifully finished and com fu i t as u ring modern saddle the saddle was not known among the a sort of or being all they used by this latter name a portion of riding apparatus s known to the present day the same was also used by the we have good evidence that in anything approaching the modern arrangement of were totally unknown to the ancient in the description by the great physician of their time of certain diseases caused among their cavalry by the of their legs on horseback the first mention of is that we have in connection with the history of a brother of the first christian emperor got up a plot to deprive him of his in the course of its execution he is represented as having made his way into the midst of the where was mounted on a saddle from which he suddenly threw himself before that time square were in use by as may be seen represented in ancient statues such as that which still graces the roman in the code there is a curious of the legal weight of a saddle and bridle they were to weigh not more than bs a law of the reign of henry vii shows that in more modern times attempts were made to the use of the nobility were compelled to use them the cost which they were made harness and trunks to must have even to class judging by the of richard ii having no less than four hundred cows for the saddle which he used in his expedition to ireland for the purpose of for his assumption of the title of at least so the history of the time the earliest of a saddle of which we any account was granted in though one is said to have been in existence in england as early as great improvements have been made hi within fifty years as a comparison of the specimens in the exhibition with the relics of a former day will show in this respect tlie english are behind the american although the manufacture receives great encouragement from the nobility and gentry owing to their racing and fox hunting habits the same material skin is used for the best in both countries on account of its softness and capacity for exposure to the sun and rain in this country is frequently used for the seat and the horns of ladies particularly among the of foreign we find none but the � that is no attempts at fine and other so common in this country these come from the of great britain and ireland which are the only foreign countries represented in this line except germany from the latter there are some of a very pretty and peculiar pattern whose maker has not thought it worth while to attach his name from london robert has sent two men s and one lady s and also a racing saddle latter is smaller and lighter than the others the seats are all flatter than those of corresponding american articles while the skirts of the side are and shorter � a fault from which the soiled skirt of the fair rider would soon suffer of one man s saddle and one the weight of the latter is put down at and the selling price at � this is certainly a well made and neat article but the price that the is expected to pay for his fancy an equally good saddle could be furnished for in new york its light weight is certainly a especially for hunting purposes and curiously the great exhibition with go k rule but the price as it ow a good way short of the worth of four hundred at any conceivable all the in the american department are of patterns as though fighting were really the chief employment of our of st louis has of that are very and no doubt w ell adapted to the pomp and circumstance of glorious war the is of wide gilded lace and the is very neat the appear much lighter than usual which is a most merciful improvement there is in this case what might be called an tree which is said to be in use among the and which was adopted by scott and during their presenting no check to while leaving the column of the horse entirely u t u h d t s also a humane invention a still more saddle s shown by may of f n t was as their card us by be j s e it presents the peculiarity of having no c tl up a before pass g t the ha s we must mention an improvement in bridle reins ol which w a the is the it is designed for either riding or driving he calls it the safety rein ordinarily there are two reins to every bridle one of which with a and the other with a this improvement to dispense with one of these altogether a single leather rein is attached to the bit a short elastic or false rein is attached at one end to the main rein and at the other to the 