A bill to recognize the heritage of hunting and provide opportunities for continued hunting on Federal public land.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Hunting Heritage Protection Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) recreational hunting is an important and traditional 
        recreational activity in which 13,000,000 people in the United 
        States 16 years of age and older participate;
            (2) hunters have been and continue to be among the foremost 
        supporters of sound wildlife management and conservation 
        practices in the United States;
            (3) persons who hunt and organizations relating to hunting 
        provide direct assistance to wildlife managers and enforcement 
        officers of the Federal Government and State and local 
        governments;
            (4) purchases of hunting licenses, permits, and stamps and 
        excise taxes on goods used by hunters have generated billions 
        of dollars for wildlife conservation, research, and management;
            (5) recreational hunting is an essential component of 
        effective wildlife management by--
                    (A) reducing conflicts between people and wildlife; 
                and
                    (B) providing incentives for the conservation of--
                            (i) wildlife; and
                            (ii) habitats and ecosystems on which 
                        wildlife depend;
            (6) each State has established at least 1 agency staffed by 
        professionally trained wildlife management personnel that has 
        legal authority to manage the wildlife in the State; and
            (7) recreational hunting is an environmentally acceptable 
        activity that occurs and can be provided for on Federal public 
        land without adverse effects on other uses of the land.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Agency head.--The term ``agency head'' means the head 
        of any Federal agency that has authority to manage a natural 
        resource or Federal public land on which a natural resource 
        depends.
            (2) Federal public land.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``Federal public land'' 
                means any land or water that is--
                            (i) publicly accessible;
                            (ii) owned by the United States; and
                            (iii) managed by an executive agency for 
                        purposes that include the conservation of 
                        natural resources.
                    (B) Exclusion.--The term ``Federal public land'' 
                does not include any land held in trust for the benefit 
                of an Indian tribe or member of an Indian tribe.
            (3) Hunting.--The term ``hunting'' means the lawful--
                    (A) pursuit, trapping, shooting, capture, 
                collection, or killing of wildlife; or
                    (B) attempt to pursue, trap, shoot, capture, 
                collect, or kill wildlife.

SEC. 4. RECREATIONAL HUNTING.

    (a) In General.--Subject to valid existing rights, Federal public 
land shall be open to access and use for recreational hunting except as 
limited by--
            (1) the agency head with jurisdiction over the Federal 
        public land--
                    (A) for reasons of national security;
                    (B) for reasons of public safety; or
                    (C) for any other reasons for closure authorized by 
                applicable Federal law; and
            (2) any law (including regulations) of the State in which 
        the Federal public land is located that is applicable to 
        recreational hunting.
    (b) Management.--Consistent with subsection (a), each agency head 
shall manage Federal public land under the jurisdiction of the agency 
head--
            (1) in a manner that supports, promotes, and enhances 
        recreational hunting opportunities;
            (2) to the extent authorized under State law (including 
        regulations); and
            (3) in accordance with applicable Federal law (including 
        regulations).
    (c) No Net Loss.--
            (1) In general.--Federal public land management decisions 
        and actions should, to the maximum extent practicable, result 
        in no net loss of land area available for hunting opportunities 
        on Federal public land.
            (2) Annual report.--Not later than October 1 of each year, 
        each agency head with authority to manage Federal public land 
        on which recreational hunting occurs shall submit to the 
        Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 
        report that describes--
                    (A)(i) any Federal public land administered by the 
                agency head that was closed to recreational hunting at 
                any time during the preceding year; and
                    (ii) the reason for the closure; and
                    (B) areas administered by the agency head that were 
                opened to recreational hunting to compensate for the 
                closure of the areas described in subparagraph (A)(i).
            (3) Closures of 5,000 or more acres.--The withdrawal, 
        change of classification, or change of management status that 
        effectively closes 5,000 or more acres of Federal public land 
        to access or use for recreational hunting shall take effect 
        only if, before the date of withdrawal or change, the agency 
        head that has jurisdiction over the Federal public land submits 
        to the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
        written notice of the withdrawal or change.
    (d) Areas Not Affected.--Nothing in this Act compels the opening to 
recreational hunting of national parks or national monuments under the 
jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior.
    (e) No Priority.--Nothing in this Act requires a Federal agency to 
give preference to hunting over other uses of Federal public land or 
over land or water management priorities established by Federal law.
    (f) Authority of the States.--
            (1) Savings.--Nothing in this Act affects the authority, 
        jurisdiction, or responsibility of a State to manage, control, 
        or regulate fish and wildlife under State law (including 
        regulations) on land or water in the State, including Federal 
        public land.
            (2) Federal licenses.--Nothing in this Act authorizes an 
        agency head to require a license or permit to hunt, fish, or 
        trap on land or water in a State, including on Federal public 
        land in the State.
            (3) State right of action.--
                    (A) In general.--Any State aggrieved by the failure 
                of an agency head or employee to comply with this Act 
                may bring a civil action in the United States District 
                Court for the district in which the failure occurs for 
                a permanent injunction.
                    (B) Preliminary injunction.--If the district court 
                determines, based on the facts, that a preliminary 
                injunction is appropriate, the district court may grant 
                a preliminary injunction.
                    (C) Court costs.--If the district court issues an 
                injunction under this paragraph or otherwise finds in 
                favor of the State, the district court shall award to 
                the State any reasonable costs of bringing the civil 
                action (including an attorney's fee).

Summary: Hunting Heritage Protection Act - Requires that Federal public lands be open to access and use for recreational hunting except: (1) as limited by the Federal agency with responsibility for such lands for national security or public safety reasons, or for reasons authorized in applicable Federal statutes as reasons for closure. And (2) as such hunting is limited by the State in which such lands are located. Directs the head of each Federal agency with authority to manage a natural resource or public lands on which such a resource depends to exercise that authority in a manner so as to support, promote, and enhance recreational hunting opportunities. Declares that Federal land management decisions and actions should result in no net loss of land area available for hunting opportunities on Federal public lands. Requires the heads of Federal agencies with authority to manage Federal public lands on which recreational hunting occurs to report annually to specified congressional committees on areas administered that have been closed during the previous year to recreational hunting and reasons for such closures and on areas that were open to such hunting to compensate for closed areas. Prohibits a withdrawal, change of classification, or change of management status, that effectively closes 5,000 or more acres of Federal public land for use for recreational hunting, from occurring unless the head of the Federal agency with authority to manage the land has submitted written notice of the action to both Houses of Congress. Grants States the right to file civil actions in district courts in cases where Federal agencies fail to comply with State authority to manage or regulate fish and wildlife.