Pathogen Reduction and Testing Reform Act of 2014

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Pathogen Reduction and Testing 
Reform Act of 2014''.

SEC. 2. PRODUCTS CONTAINING CERTAIN PATHOGENS OR CONTAMINANTS 
              ADULTERATED.

    (a) Meat and Meat Food Products.--Section 1(m) of the Federal Meat 
Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601(m)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``or a microbial pathogen that is 
                associated with serious illness or death'' after 
                ``which may render it injurious to health''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or such a microbial pathogen'' 
                after ``added substance''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), (C), and 
                (D) as subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following new subparagraph:
            ``(B) if it bears or contains a strain of a microbial 
        pathogen, such as Campylobacter or Salmonella, that is 
        resistant to not less than two critically important antibiotics 
        for human medicine (as specified in the World Health 
        Organization's list of Critically Important Antimicrobials);''; 
        and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E) (as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (A)) by striking ``clause (B), (C), or 
                (D)'' and inserting ``this subparagraph or subparagraph 
                (C) or (D)''.
    (b) Poultry and Poultry Products.--Section 4(g) of the Poultry 
Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 453(g)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``or a microbial pathogen that is 
                associated with serious illness or death'' after 
                ``which may render it injurious to health''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or such a microbial pathogen'' 
                after ``added substance''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), (C), and 
                (D) as subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following new subparagraph:
            ``(B) if it bears or contains a strain of a microbial 
        pathogen, such as Campylobacter or Salmonella, that is 
        resistant to not less than two critically important antibiotics 
        for human medicine (as specified in the World Health 
        Organization's list of Critically Important Antimicrobials);''; 
        and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E) (as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (A)) by striking ``clause (B), (C), or 
                (D)'' and inserting ``this subparagraph or subparagraph 
                (C) or (D)''.
    (c) Eggs and Egg Products.--Section 4(a) of the Egg Products 
Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 1033(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``or a microbial pathogen that is 
                associated with serious illness or death'' after 
                ``which may render it injurious to health''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or such a microbial pathogen'' 
                after ``added substance''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), (C), and 
                (D) as subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following new subparagraph:
            ``(B) if it bears or contains a strain of a microbial 
        pathogen, such as Campylobacter or Salmonella, that is 
        resistant to not less than two critically important antibiotics 
        for human medicine (as specified in the World Health 
        Organization's list of Critically Important Antimicrobials);''; 
        and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E) (as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (A)) by striking ``clause (B), (C), or 
                (D)'' and inserting ``this subparagraph or subparagraph 
                (C) or (D)''.

SEC. 3. TESTING FOR CERTAIN PATHOGENS OR CONTAMINANTS REQUIRED.

    (a) Meat and Meat Food Products.--The Federal Meat Inspection Act 
is amended by inserting after section 9 (21 U.S.C. 609) the following 
new section:

``SEC. 9A. TESTING FOR CERTAIN PATHOGENS OR CONTAMINANTS REQUIRED.

    ``Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
section, the Secretary shall, for purposes of examinations or 
inspections conducted under this Act, establish sampling protocols and 
testing procedures using the methods and technologies the Secretary 
determines are most appropriate--
            ``(1) to determine if meat and meat food products are 
        adulterated within the meaning of paragraph (1) or (2)(B) of 
        section 1(m); and
            ``(2) to prevent the use in commerce of any product that is 
        determined to be so adulterated.''.
    (b) Poultry and Poultry Products.--The Poultry Products Inspection 
Act is amended by inserting after section 8 (21 U.S.C. 457) the 
following new section:

``SEC. 8A. TESTING FOR CERTAIN PATHOGENS OR CONTAMINANTS REQUIRED.

    ``Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
section, the Secretary shall, for purposes of examinations or 
inspections conducted under this Act, establish sampling protocols and 
testing procedures using the methods and technologies the Secretary 
determines are most appropriate--
            ``(1) to determine if poultry and poultry products are 
        adulterated within the meaning of paragraph (1) or (2)(B) of 
        section 4(g); and
            ``(2) to prevent the entry into or flow or movement in 
        commerce of, or the burdening of commerce by, any such product 
        that is determined to be so adulterated.''.
    (c) Egg and Egg Products.--The Egg Products Inspection Act is 
amended by inserting after section 7 (21 U.S.C. 1036) the following new 
section:

``SEC. 7A. TESTING FOR CERTAIN PATHOGENS OR CONTAMINANTS REQUIRED.

    ``Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
section, the Secretary shall, for purposes of examinations or 
inspections conducted under this Act, establish sampling protocols and 
testing procedures using the methods and technologies the Secretary 
determines are most appropriate--
            ``(1) to determine if eggs and egg products are adulterated 
        within the meaning of paragraph (1) or (2)(B) of section 4(a); 
        and
            ``(2) to prevent the entry into or flow or movement in 
        commerce of, or the burdening of commerce by, any such product 
        that is determined to be so adulterated.''.

SEC. 4. REGULATIONS; EFFECTIVE DATE.

    (a) Regulations.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall issue 
regulations to carry out the amendments made by this Act.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this Act shall apply 
with respect to meat and meat food products, poultry and poultry 
products, and eggs and egg products entering into interstate or foreign 
commerce on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

Summary: Pathogen Reduction and Testing Reform Act of 2014 - Amends the Federal Meat Inspection Act, the Poultry Products Inspection Act, and the Egg Products Inspection Act to revise the definition of quot, adulteratedquot. To make explicit the Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) authority to issue a recall of meat, poultry, and egg products that contain microbial pathogens associated with serious illness or death or are resistant to two or more antibiotics critically important for human medicine. Requires the USDA to establish sampling protocols and testing procedures necessary to determine if meat, poultry, and egg products are adulterated under this Act and to prevent the entry, flow, or movement of those products into commerce.