To repeal the prohibition on the payment of interest on demand deposits, and for other purposes.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``The Business Checking Fairness Act 
of 2007''.

SEC. 2. INTEREST-BEARING TRANSACTION ACCOUNTS AUTHORIZED FOR ALL 
              BUSINESSES.

    Section 2 of Public Law 93-100 (12 U.S.C. 1832) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
        (c) and (d), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any depository 
institution may permit the owner of any deposit or account which is a 
deposit or account on which interest or dividends are paid and is not a 
deposit or account described in subsection (a)(2) to make up to 24 
transfers per month (or such greater number as the Board of Governors 
of the Federal Reserve System may determine by rule or order), for any 
purpose, to another account of the owner in the same institution. An 
account offered pursuant to this subsection shall be considered a 
transaction account for purposes of section 19 of the Federal Reserve 
Act unless the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 
determines otherwise.''.

SEC. 3. INTEREST-BEARING TRANSACTION ACCOUNTS AUTHORIZED.

    (a) Repeal of Prohibition on Payment of Interest on Demand 
Deposits.--
            (1) Federal reserve act.--Section 19(i) of the Federal 
        Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 371a) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(i) [Repealed]''.
            (2) Home owners' loan act.--The first sentence of section 
        5(b)(1)(B) of the Home Owners' Loan Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1464(b)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``savings association may 
        not--'' and all that follows through ``(ii) permit any'' and 
        inserting ``savings association may not permit any''.
            (3) Federal deposit insurance act.--Section 18(g) of the 
        Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1828(g)) is amended to 
        read as follows:
    ``(g) [Repealed]''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
take effect at the end of the 2-year period beginning on the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 4. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.

    In the case of an escrow account maintained at a depository 
institution for the purpose of completing the settlement of a real 
estate transaction--
            (1) the absorption, by the depository institution, of 
        expenses incidental to providing a normal banking service with 
        respect to such escrow account;
            (2) the forbearance, by the depository institution, from 
        charging a fee for providing any such banking function; and
            (3) any benefit which may accrue to the holder or the 
        beneficiary of such escrow account as a result of an action of 
        the depository institution described in subparagraph (1) or (2) 
        or similar in nature to such action, including any benefits 
        which have been so determined by the appropriate Federal 
        regulator,
shall not be treated as the payment or receipt of interest for purposes 
of this Act and any provision of Public Law 93-100, the Federal Reserve 
Act, the Home Owners' Loan Act, or the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
relating to the payment of interest on accounts or deposits at 
depository institutions. No provision of this Act shall be construed so 
as to require a depository institution that maintains an escrow account 
in connection with a real estate transaction to pay interest on such 
escrow account or to prohibit such institution from paying interest on 
such escrow account. No provision of this Act shall be construed as 
preempting the provisions of law of any State dealing with the payment 
of interest on escrow accounts maintained in connection with real 
estate transactions.

SEC. 5. CONSUMER BANKING COSTS ASSESSMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 221 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 30 and 31 as sections 31 and 
        32, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 29 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 30. SURVEY OF BANK FEES AND SERVICES.

    ``(a) Biennial Survey Required.--The Board of Governors of the 
Federal Reserve System shall obtain biennially a sample, which is 
representative by type and size of the institution (including small 
institutions) and geographic location, of the following retail banking 
services and products provided by insured depository institutions and 
insured credit unions (along with related fees and minimum balances):
            ``(1) Checking and other transaction accounts.
            ``(2) Negotiable order of withdrawal and savings accounts.
            ``(3) Automated teller machine transactions.
            ``(4) Other electronic transactions.
    ``(b) Minimum Survey Requirement.--The biennial survey described in 
subsection (a) shall meet the following minimum requirements:
            ``(1) Checking and other transaction accounts.--Data on 
        checking and transaction accounts shall include, at a minimum, 
        the following:
                    ``(A) Monthly and annual fees and minimum balances 
                to avoid such fees.
                    ``(B) Minimum opening balances.
                    ``(C) Check processing fees.
                    ``(D) Check printing fees.
                    ``(E) Balance inquiry fees.
                    ``(F) Fees imposed for using a teller or other 
                institution employee.
                    ``(G) Stop payment order fees.
                    ``(H) Nonsufficient fund fees.
                    ``(I) Overdraft fees.
                    ``(J) Fees imposed in connection with bounced-check 
                protection and overdraft protection programs.
                    ``(K) Deposit items returned fees.
                    ``(L) Availability of no-cost or low-cost accounts 
                for consumers who maintain low balances.
            ``(2) Negotiable order of withdrawal accounts and savings 
        accounts.--Data on negotiable order of withdrawal accounts and 
        savings accounts shall include, at a minimum, the following:
                    ``(A) Monthly and annual fees and minimum balances 
                to avoid such fees.
                    ``(B) Minimum opening balances.
                    ``(C) Rate at which interest is paid to consumers.
                    ``(D) Check processing fees for negotiable order of 
                withdrawal accounts.
                    ``(E) Fees imposed for using a teller or other 
                institution employee.
                    ``(F) Availability of no-cost or low-cost accounts 
                for consumers who maintain low balances.
            ``(3) Automated teller transactions.--Data on automated 
        teller machine transactions shall include, at a minimum, the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Monthly and annual fees.
                    ``(B) Card fees.
                    ``(C) Fees charged to customers for withdrawals, 
                deposits, and balance inquiries through institution-
                owned machines.
                    ``(D) Fees charged to customers for withdrawals, 
                deposits, and balance inquiries through machines owned 
                by others.
                    ``(E) Fees charged to noncustomers for withdrawals, 
                deposits, and balance inquiries through institution-
                owned machines.
                    ``(F) Point-of-sale transaction fees.
            ``(4) Other electronic transactions.--Data on other 
        electronic transactions shall include, at a minimum, the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Wire transfer fees.
                    ``(B) Fees related to payments made over the 
                Internet or through other electronic means.
            ``(5) Other fees and charges.--Data on any other fees and 
        charges that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
        System determines to be appropriate to meet the purposes of 
        this section.
            ``(6) Federal reserve board authority.--The Board of 
        Governors of the Federal Reserve System may cease the 
        collection of information with regard to any particular fee or 
        charge specified in this subsection if the Board makes a 
        determination that, on the basis of changing practices in the 
        financial services industry, the collection of such information 
        is no longer necessary to accomplish the purposes of this 
        section.
    ``(c) Biennial Report to Congress Required.--
            ``(1) Preparation.--The Board of Governors of the Federal 
        Reserve System shall prepare a report of the results of each 
        survey conducted pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) of this 
        section and section 136(b)(1) of the Consumer Credit Protection 
        Act.
            ``(2) Contents of the report.--In addition to the data 
        required to be collected pursuant to subsections (a) and (b), 
        each report prepared pursuant to paragraph (1) shall include a 
        description of any discernible trend, in the Nation as a whole, 
        in a representative sample of the 50 States (selected with due 
        regard for regional differences), and in each consolidated 
        metropolitan statistical area (as defined by the Director of 
        the Office of Management and Budget), in the cost and 
        availability of the retail banking services, including those 
        described in subsections (a) and (b) (including related fees 
        and minimum balances), that delineates differences between 
        institutions on the basis of the type of institution and the 
        size of the institution, between large and small institutions 
        of the same type, and any engagement of the institution in 
        multistate activity.
            ``(3) Submission to the congress.--The Board of Governors 
        of the Federal Reserve System shall submit an biennial report 
        to the Congress not later than June 1, 2009, and before the end 
        of each 2-year period beginning after such date.
    ``(d) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term `insured 
depository institution' has the meaning given such term in section 3 of 
the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, and the term `insured credit union' 
has the meaning given such term in section 101 of the Federal Credit 
Union Act.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--
            (1) In general.--Paragraph (1) of section 136(b) of the 
        Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1646(b)(1)) is amended to read 
        as follows:
            ``(1) Collection required.--The Board shall collect, on a 
        semiannual basis, from a broad sample of financial institutions 
        which offer credit card services, credit card price and 
        availability information including--
                    ``(A) the information required to be disclosed 
                under section 127(c);
                    ``(B) the average total amount of finance charges 
                paid by consumers; and
                    ``(C) the following credit card rates and fees:
                            ``(i) Application fees.
                            ``(ii) Annual percentage rates for cash 
                        advances and balance transfers.
                            ``(iii) Maximum annual percentage rate that 
                        may be charged when an account is in default.
                            ``(iv) Fees for the use of convenience 
                        checks.
                            ``(v) Fees for balance transfers.
                            ``(vi) Fees for foreign currency 
                        conversions.''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall take effect on January 1, 2008.
    (c) Repeal of Other Report Provisions.--Section 1002 of Financial 
Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 and section 
108 of the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act 
of 1994 are hereby repealed.

Summary: Business Checking Fairness Act of 2007 - Amends federal law to authorize interest-bearing or dividend-bearing transaction accounts for all businesses, permitting up to 24 transfers per month to another account of the owner in the same institution. Amends the Federal Reserve Act, the Home Owners' Loan Act, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to repeal the prohibition against the payment of interest on demand deposits. Amends the Federal Reserve Act to require the Board to survey biennially and report biennially to Congress on bank fees and certain services. Amends the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, and the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994, to repeal certain reporting requirements. Cites practices which shall not be treated as payment or receipt of interest if they relate to an escrow account maintained at a depository institution in connection with a real estate transaction.