Comprehensive Health Access District Act

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Comprehensive Health Access District 
Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) Comprehensive Health Access District.--In this Act, the term 
``comprehensive health access district'' means a community in which 
unemployment and the percentage of residents with incomes below the 
poverty line are greater than the national average, and in which a 
majority of the following conditions occur at rates greater than the 
national average:
            (1) Infant mortality and low birth-weight babies.
            (2) Proportion of children below the age of 5 who have not 
        received age-appropriate routine child-hood immunizations.
            (3) Hospitalization for preventable illnesses and 
        conditions that may be managed successfully on an outpatient 
        basis, such as otitis media, diabetes, and hypertension.
            (4) Emergency room visits for nonemergency conditions.
            (5) Accidental injury.
            (6) Incidence of tuberculosis, acquired immune deficiency 
        syndrome, Black Lung disease, or cancer.
            (7) Incidence of violent crimes.
    (b) Comprehensive Community-Based Health Access Plan.--In this Act, 
the terms ``comprehensive community-based health access plan'' and 
``health access plan'' mean an entity that provides health care 
services on a prepaid, capitated basis or any other risk basis and that 
the Secretary has certified meets all the requirements contained in 
section 5.
    (c) Secretary.--In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services.

SEC. 3. MEDICAID STATE PLAN REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH 
              ACCESS DISTRICTS.

    Section 1902(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(a)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (65) and 
        inserting ``; and'', and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (65) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(66) provide that each comprehensive health access 
        district located within the State is served by a comprehensive 
        community-based health access district plan (as such terms are 
        defined in section 2 of the Comprehensive Health Access 
        District Act).''.

SEC. 4. HEALTH ALLIANCE OBLIGATIONS WITH RESPECT TO COMPREHENSIVE 
              HEALTH ACCESS DISTRICTS.

    Each Health Alliance or other health insurance purchasing 
cooperative created as a result of the enactment of comprehensive 
health care reform legislation that receives premiums on behalf of 
persons formerly insured under title XIX of the Social Security Act and 
whose boundaries encompass a comprehensive health access district shall 
insure that a least one comprehensive community-based health access 
plan is available to persons living in such district.

SEC 5. COMPREHENSIVE COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH ACCESS PLANS.

    (a) Organizational Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--A health access plan must--
                    (A) be a public or private organization, organized 
                under the laws of any State;
                    (B) locate its primary place of business in the 
                comprehensive health access district it serves;
                    (C) give preference in hiring to otherwise 
                qualified individuals who live within the comprehensive 
                health access district; and
                    (D) have made adequate provision against the risk 
                of insolvency, which provision is satisfactory to the 
                State and which assures that individuals enrolled in a 
                plan are in no case liable for debt of the plan in case 
                of the plan's insolvency.
            (2) Methods of providing against risk of insolvency.--The 
        provisions against the risk of insolvency under paragraph 
        (1)(D) may include--
                    (A) escrow or similar arrangements to ensure that 
                funds for the payment of providers are available only 
                for such payments and cannot be otherwise used by the 
                plan;
                    (B) reinsurance purchased by the plan of an amount 
                which is reasonably adequate to insure against 
                unexpected costs;
                    (C) a demonstration of financial viability, as 
                evidenced by the plan's obtaining a significant amount 
                of reinsurance, line of credit, or performance bond; or
                    (D) such other mechanisms and requirements as the 
                State finds appropriate.
    (b) Service Requirements.--
            (1) Basic benefits.--A health access plan shall provide, 
        either directly or through arrangements with providers, the 
        following basic benefits:
                    (A) Hospital services, including inpatient, 
                outpatient and 24-hour emergency services.
                    (B) Emergency and ambulatory medical and surgical 
                services.
                    (C) Physicians' services.
                    (D) Medical care other than physicians' services 
                recognized under State law and furnished by licensed 
                practitioners within the scope of their practice as 
                defined by State law.
                    (E) Dental services.
                    (F) Vision services.
                    (G) Preventive health care services (including 
                children's eye and ear examinations to determine the 
                need for vision and hearing correction, well child 
                services, immunizations against vaccine-preventable 
                diseases, and screening for elevated blood lead 
                levels).
                    (H) Outpatient laboratory, radiology, and 
                diagnostic services.
                    (I) Ambulance services.
                    (J) Mental health and substance abuse services.
                    (K) Family planning services and services for 
                pregnant women.
                    (L) Outpatient prescription drugs and biologicals.
            (2) Community-based health services.--In addition to 
        providing the services described in paragraph (1), a health 
        access plan shall--
                    (A) identify the most frequent causes of morbidity 
                and mortality in the comprehensive health access 
                district (such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome, 
                tuberculosis, mental illness, substance abuse and 
                addiction, childhood developmental disorders 
                (particularly those caused by children's exposure to 
                violence), asthma, teen pregnancy, unhealthy behaviors 
                (such as smoking and high-fat diets), and lead 
                poisoning); and
                    (B) design and implement programs of prevention, 
                early intervention, or treatment intended to ameliorate 
                or eliminate the factors identified in subparagraph 
                (A).
                    (3) Coordination of services.--In addition to 
                providing the services described in paragraphs (1) and 
                (2), a health access plan must promote its enrollees' 
                access to social, educational or economic services 
                (such as child day care, nutritional services, 
                vocational training, and adult literacy programs).
    (c) Service Network Requirements.--
            (1) Basic service network.--A health access plan shall 
        enter into arrangements with a sufficient number and variety of 
        providers to guarantee that--
                    (A) the plan's enrollees have access to the 
                services described in subsection (b); and
                    (B) the provider network takes into account and is 
                representative of the cultural identity and diversity 
                of the community being served.
            (2) Traditional community providers.--A health access plan 
        shall, to the extent feasible, draw upon health care providers 
        currently serving the community, including health centers (as 
        defined in section 330(a) of the Public Health Service Act) and 
        hospitals operated by units of local government, in developing 
        its service network.
            (3) Development of new health resources.--A health access 
        plan shall develop new health resources in the community (such 
        as schoolbased clinics, mobile screening programs, and clinics 
        based in public housing) to meet needs that are not met by 
        existing community resources.
    (d) Access Standards.--A health access plan shall insure that each 
individual enrolled in it--
            (1) is linked with the primary care physician within the 
        health access plan's provider network of the individual's 
        choice and has access to that doctor on a 24-hour a day, 7-day 
        a week basis;
            (2) has round-the-clock telephone access to a central 
        program office for information purposes as well as to voice 
        grievances; and
            (3) has access to interpreter services as necessary (where 
        a significant proportion of the population in the community 
        health access district is non-English speaking, the health 
        access plan shall insure that a corresponding proportion of its 
        health care providers have multilingual capability).
    (e) Quality Assurance Standards.--A health access plan shall 
establish and maintain a quality assurance program that includes at 
least the following activities:
            (1) Treatment standards.--A health access plan shall 
        establish--
                    (A) minimum standards for treating patients that 
                participating providers must satisfy;
                    (B) a program of ongoing medical record reviews and 
                other provider audits to insure compliance with the 
                plan's treatment standards; and
                    (C) a system of sanctions to insure that providers 
                who do not comply with the plan's treatment standards 
                will be penalized and, if found to be repeatedly out of 
                compliance, terminated from participation in the health 
                access plan service network.
            (2) Data collection.--A health access plan shall monitor 
        morbidity and mortality within the comprehensive health access 
        district and identify the leading causes of death and disease.
            (3) Member surveys.--A health access plan shall survey its 
        enrollees on a regular basis to determine their satisfaction 
        with the quality of services received.
            (4) Independent quality audits.--A health access plan shall 
        be evaluated on a regular basis by an independent health care 
        accrediting organization.
    (f) Effective Grievance Procedures.--A health access plan must 
provide for effective procedures for hearing and resolving grievances 
between the plan and individuals enrolled in the plan.
    (g) Confidentiality of Enrollee Records.--
            (1) A health access plan shall ensure that information 
        concerning its enrollees is protected from unauthorized 
        disclosure by the plan, its employees or its providers.
            (2) To promote the coordination of benefits to health plan 
        enrollees, a health access plan may disclose information about 
        its enrollees to the extent necessary to facilitate the 
        enrollee's receipt of services and assistance from other 
        entities.

SEC. 6. DESIGNATION OF COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH ACCESS DISTRICTS AND 
              CERTIFICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH 
              ACCESS PLANS.

    The Secretary shall designate a community that meets the criteria 
set forth in section 2(a) as a comprehensive health access district and 
shall certify an entity that meets the requirements set forth in 
section 5 as a comprehensive community-based health access plan. Each 
such certification and designation shall be reviewed every five years. 
The Secretary may delegate all or part of the certification function 
for health access plans to the State in which the health access plan 
operates.

SEC. 7. NATIONAL HEALTH OUTCOMES RESEARCH AND EVALUATION.

    (a) Provision of Information.--In order to evaluate the performance 
of health access plans in improving the health status of persons living 
in comprehensive health access districts, each health access plan shall 
provide the Secretary, at a time and in a manner specified by the 
Secretary, at least the following information:
            (1) Information on the characteristics of enrollees that 
        may affect their need for or use of health services.
            (2) Information on the types of treatments and services and 
        outcomes of treatments with respect to the clinical health, 
        functional status and well-being of enrollees.
            (3) Information on enrollee satisfaction.
            (4) Information on health care expenditures, volume and 
        prices of procedures, and use of specialized services.
    (b) Analysis of Information.--The Secretary shall analyze the 
information reported by health access plans in order to report to 
Congress, the plans and the public, not less often than annually, on 
the following:
            (1) The health status of persons living in comprehensive 
        health access district (particularly those indicators listed in 
        section 2(a)).
            (2) The level and rate of expenditures by health access 
        plans on medical services and other programs to improve health 
        status.
            (3) The effectiveness of health access plans in improving 
        health outcomes (particularly outcomes related to health 
        indicators listed in section 2(a)).
    (c) Research.--
            (1) The Secretary shall examine the relationship between 
        socioeconomic factors and health status and, based on his 
        findings, suggest interventions appropriate to comprehensive 
        health access districts.
            (2) The Secretary may contract with non-governmental 
        entities to perform this research. Persons undertaking this 
        work shall have access to the information provided by the 
        health access plans to the Secretary.

SEC. 8. REGULATIONS AND EFFECTIVE DATE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall promulgate regulations 
necessary to implement this Act.
    (b) Effective Date.--This Act shall take effect on July 1, 2000, 
without regard to whether or not final regulations to carry out this 
Act have been promulgated by such date.

Summary: Comprehensive Health Access District Act - Defines: (1) comprehensive health access district as a community in which unemployment and the percentage of residents with incomes below the poverty line are greater than the national average, and in which a majority of certain diseases and conditions occur at rates greater than the national average. And (2) comprehensive community-based health access plan as an entity that provides health care services on a prepaid, capitated basis, or any other risk basis, and that the Secretary of Health and Human Services has certified meets certain requirements. Amends title XIX (Medicaid) of the Social Security Act to require, among other things, that each Medicaid State plan provide that each comprehensive health access district located within the State is served by a comprehensive community-based health access district plan. Requires each Health Alliance or other health insurance purchasing cooperative created out of comprehensive health care reform legislation that receives premiums on behalf of persons formerly insured under Medicaid, and whose boundaries encompass a comprehensive health access district, to ensure that at least one comprehensive community-based health access plan is available to persons living in such district. Sets forth specified requirements for an entity to be certified as a comprehensive community-based health access plan. Requires the Secretary to designate a community a comprehensive health access district and to certify an entity as a comprehensive health access plan provided they meet certain criteria. Requires each health access plan, in order to evaluate its performance in improving the health status of persons living in comprehensive health access districts, to provide the Secretary with specified health-related information.