10
breeders in the method of rearing young stock. Unless they are constantly
supervised and everything necessary is pointed out to them, young stock do
not develop in the way they ought to. The Chief Superintendent and the
Superintendents have observed promising young stock ruined through mis-
management. Youngsters are either ruined through over feeding and no
exercise, or by too much exercise (being worked too early), and insufficient
fodder.
39. The Department is doing its best, and very trying work it is, to
improve matters. The Chief Superintendent has endeavoured to copy the
working of the great pioneer of the Department Colonel Hallen. Colonel Pease,
who was a student of his, very kindly pointed out to the Chief Superintendent
some years ago his methods of working with the people, and every endeavour
is being made to copy his practical example with the establishment available.
Cattle-breeding.
Table VIII.
40. At the close of the year there were 765 District Board bulls at work
in the Province against 637 last year : 91 were cast as
old and useless. The Hissar Farm supplied 171 on indent;
while 48 were purchased by the Department for District Boards.
41. Although the remarks on horse-breeding are not cheerful, cattle-
breeding shows a different aspect. A very great improvement is observable
in the young stock in the districts which is due to the reduction of undesirable
bulls on the one hand and the introduction of good bulls and better methods
of rearing the young stock on the other. These changes are due to the lectures
and demonstrations given by the Department in villages.
42. The zamindars and owners of cattle are awakening to the fact that,
unless cattle-breeding is improved in the districts, the demand will become
greater than the supply, and in consequence prices will become so great that
they will be unable to purchase decent bullocks. Dealers during the past
have been doing very well at the expense of the zamindars. The classes of
bullocks taken to villages for sale by dealers are Hissaries, Dhannis and Bhag-
naris. At villages in which these animals are sold there are a fair number of
cows, and yet very little endeavour was made to breed good calves because
there was not a mature well formed bull. In the final result weeds were pro-
duced.
43. Regarding lectures and demonstrations in villages the Chief Super-
intendent would like to mention the names of the following Veterinary Inspec-
tors who have done good work:—
Talib Ali in the districts of Lyallpur and Jhang.
Faqir Nasir-ud-din in Jullundur and Hoshiarpur.
Muhammad Abdullah in Gujranwala and Sialkot.
Barkat Ali in Lahore and Amritsar.
Talib Khan in Rawalpindi.
Sheep-breeding.
44. The demands for ¾ bred merino rams from Hissar is on the increase
in the Districts of Hissar, Ferozepore, Lahore and Gurdaspur. Gujranwala and
Sialkot intend taking some next year.
45. The merino sheep-breeding in Kangra and Kulu, it is feared, will
not improve, as the rates of grazing have been increased. The Chief Superin-
tendent has endeavoured to point out to the gaddis the necessity for keeping
fewer and better sheep, and hopes in this way to reduce the number of goats
also.
46. The Chief Superintendent has sent samples of pure ¾ and ½ bred
merino wool to England for classification and valuation.
Fairs and Shows.
47. The statistical information regarding fairs and shows is incor-
porated in Tables XIII and XIV, Horse shows were held in five districts.