NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
2
In cattle breeding the year showed much good work done. The tours
I made convinced me that Hissar bulls are generally much appreciated, and that
many of the people themselves now realize the harm done by a bad bull.
The cattle-breeding grants in the Lower Bari Doab Colony mentioned in para-
graph 28 of the report have generally made a good start. Cross bred merino
sheep are increasing considerably in popularity.
The energy and zeal displayed by Colonel Farmer deserve all praise.
As I said last year, his practice of lecturing, when on tour, to assembled villagers
on veterinary work, is, in particular, most laudable.
3. At the Hissar Farm the year under report was remarkable as being
the worst, so far as rain was concerned, that it had experienced for over 20
years. Added to this calamity was a plague of insects which destroyed much
young fodder. As a result very large quantities of jowar and hay had to be
imported by rail at considerable expense. Fortunately the year was other-
wise healthy, and the oat crop that matured last spring particularly good: so
the number of cattle that died on the farm in the year was actually less than
in 1914-15 when epidemic-disease was prevalent.
Slowly but steadily the area placed under cultivation at the farm in-
creases each year, but the canal supply is the limiting factor, and a very
powerful one.
I am reminding the Chief Superintendent regarding the scheme to breed
Arab stallions at the farm, mentioned in paragraph 5 of the Government review
of last year's report.
Mr. Branford and his staff deserve the greatest possible credit for their
excellent work during a most trying year.
The 17th July 1916.
C. A. H. TOWNSEND,
Director of Agriculture and Industries, Punjab.
3
REPORT
ON THE
PUNJAB VETERINARY COLLEGE
For the year 1915-16,
BY
COLONEL H. T. PEASE, C.I.E., PRINCIPAL.
Staff.
1. I remained in charge of the College during the year. Mr. Pool was
Post Graduate Professor, and Mr. Taylor was in charge of
the out-patient clinic, dog hospital, and the duties of Pro-
fessor of Pathology and Parasitology. Mr. E. Burke was Professor of Surgery
and in charge of the in-door clinic. Mr. Gaiger, Professor of Sanitary Science,
who was on sick leave, has, I much regret to say, been obliged, owing to
continued ill health, to retire from the service during the year. This is a great
loss to the College and to the Department. I have continued to perform the
duties of Professor of Sanitary Science in addition to my own.
Khan Bahadur Syed Mahtab Shah, Gilani, was Professor of Anatomy,
Khan Sahib Syed Sirdar Shah, Professor of Cattle Pathology, and Khan
Sahib Raja Ghulam Hussain Khan, House Surgeon. Some changes have been
made in Lecturers: Mool Singh has been promoted Assistant to the Professor of
Equine Medicine, Haq Nawaz Khan has been appointed, on probation to the
post of Assistant to the Professor of Pathology, Mushtaq Ahmad to that of
Assistant to the Professor of Surgery, and Karam Ilahi as Assistant to the Post
Graduate Professor. As the three latter are not yet fully qualified for the posts,
they have been appointed on probation on reduced pay, and will only be con-
firmed and brought on to full pay when they have made themselves efficient.
There are still some posts on the regular establishment which I have not yet
been able to fill.
Courses.
2. There are now two separate courses at the College, vis., (a) the old
three years' course for Military students and those from
other provinces; and (b) a four years' course for Punjab
and North-West Frontier Province students. This four years' course will give
the Punjab about 20 more highly trained men a year to select from. Seventy-
new students were admitted; of these 38 came for the three years' course and 32
for the new four years' course There were two remanded students in the three
years' course: so that the total number in the first year class was 72.
The demand for admission was, as usual, very great, but, owing to the
war, Indian Cavalry Regiments only sent 11 men, so we were able to take more
civilians.
Admissions.
3. There were 65 students in the second year class at the commence-
ment of the term: of these 2 were removed from the rolls
for irregular attendance.
There were 57 students in the final class: of these one man died of pthisis
and I remanded man passed out in June, leaving 55 to complete the course.
The newly admitted students came from—
Indian Cavalry Regiments ... ... ...
Army Remount Department ... ... ...
Imperial Service Troops ... ... ...
Native States ... ... ...
Central Provinces ... ... ...
United Provinces ... ... ... ...
Punjab District Boards ... ... ...
Punjab private students ... ... ...
11
2
4
2
5
8
7
31
1
REPORT OF THE CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT.
BY LIEUTENANT-COLONEL J. FARMER, CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT.
Part I.—Administration.
The following statement shows the names of the officers who held charge
of the several appointments and the amount of touring performed by them:—
Name of appointment.
Chief Superintendent ...
Superintendent, North Punjab...
Superintendent, South Punjab...
Officer under training ...
Deputy Superintendent ..
Name of officer.
Lieutenant-Colonel J.
Farmer.
Mr. D. Meadowe
...
Mr. G. Taylor ...
Mr. T. F. Quirke ...
Lala Kotu Bam ...
Date of holding charge.
1st April 1915 to 31st March 1916
Ditto
Ditto
Ditto
Ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
Nu mb e r of days
spent on t our.
211
90
168
209
274
NUMBER OF
MILES
TRAVELLED
By rail.
6,616
2,872
7,091
4,679
17,586
By road.
1,315
1,168
1,327
1,724
2,141
Mr. Meadows was also Superintendent of the North-West Frontier Pro-
vince.
2. Mr. T. F. Quirke was transferred from the Central Punjab to the
South Punjab Circle on 17th January 1916 and remained under training until
the end of the year.
3. The Superintendents and Deputy Superintendent toured in all
their respective districts, inspected hospitals, District Board stallions and bulls,
and checked inoculation work. The Chief Superintendent was unable to tour in
all his districts, as he had to tour in Montgomery and Dera Ghazi Khan, attend
fairs, inspect Pathankot-Dalhousie and Pathankot-Palampur tonga lines, the
Hissar Farm, attend the Agricultural Conference at Pusa and examine students
at the Lahore Veterinary College and Lyallpur Agricultural College. He also
examined stallions in the selected districts, and helped to judge at horse fairs,
as the Army Remount Department had no Veterinary Officer to spare for the
work. At the request of the Director General, Army Remount Department, he
visited the Mona Depôt and gave advice on donkey breeding. Deputy Superin-
tendent, Lala Kotu Ram, was confirmed in his appointment; he has worked with
energy and zeal.
4. The system of instructing Veterinary Inspectors and Veterinary As-
sistants has been continued on the same lines as during the past two years.
During the year 5 meetings were held in the Central Punjab Circle, and 2 each
in the North and South Punjab. Besides these the Chief Superintendent held
a meeting at Dera Ghazi Khan; there is no doubt that these meetings have done
a great deal of good, and the Veterinary Assistants are now better up in their
professional work than formerly.
5. Lectures and demonstrations in the villages by the Department have
been carried out as before, and in consequence the people are becoming more
enlightened on Veterinary matters.
Part II.—Treatment of diseases.
(I)—CONTAGIOUS DISEASES.
Mortality—Table II.
6. During the year under report 20,903 deaths from contagious diseases
were reported in the province against 34,129 during the pre-
vious year. The decrease in the mortality is partly due to a
comparatively healthy year, and partly to the lesser prevalence of hæmorrhagic
11
The following were the changes during the year:—
Horses.
Cast ... ... ... ... ...
Died ... ... ... ... ...
Destroyed ... ... ... ... ...
2
5
1
8
Donkeys.
Cast ... ... ... ... ...
Died ... ... ... ... ...
4
5
9
Replacements.
Horses ... ... ... ... ...
Donkeys ... ... ... ... ...
9
7
All the horse stallions were replaced by the Quartermaster-General,
except one, which was purchased by this department. All the donkeys were
obtained from the Hissar Farm.
There is a slight improvement in the keeping of covering registers, but
until zaildars and lambardars report foalings the work will not be properly done.
Cattle breeding.
Stud-bulls—Table VIII.
28. At the close of the year there were 892 District Board bulls against
765 last year.
There were 74 casualties and 201 additions during the year under
report.
The Hissar Farm supplied 181 bulls during the year, and 16 Dhanni and
3 Dajal bulls were purchased by this department and were distributed as
follows :—
Attock ... ... ... ...
Kot Fateh Khan estate ... ... ... ...
Jhang ... ... ... ... ...
Jhelum ... ... ... ... ...
4
7
4
1
16
Dajal.
Muzaffargarh ... ... ... ...
Multan ... ... ... ...
1
2
3
A notable feature of the year in regard to cattle breeding is the estab-
lishment of four cattle breeding farms in the Lower Bari Doab Canal Colony.
In view of the fact that the establishment of breeding herds and their conduct,
on more or less scientific lines, is an entirely new departure for most of the
grantees, the progress made during the year must be regarded as satisfactory.
Much of the work of evolving a scheme of development has necessarily fallen
on the officers of this department. These cattle farms ought to be object
lesson, and will help very considerably in the improvement of cattle in the
Punjab.
The breeders of Hissar cattle have purchased pedigree stock from the
Hissar Farm, so have a good start: but the breeders of Montgomery cattle will
have to be very careful in the selection and grading-up of their herds, as their
Purchases have been made in the villages, and it is possible that some will not
breed true to type.
The demand for Hissar bulls is yearly increasing, as the people realize
that their progeny is good, and improves the local type. Not only are the
12
indents for these bulls larger every year, but more people are prepared to pay
half the price of a bull. The scarcity of fodder in the province prevented some
from taking bulls.
Sheep breeding.
29. Every endeavour is being made to improve sheep breeding. The
demand for ¾ and ½ bred merinos is on the increase. The following were taken
from the Hissar Farm during the year :—
For Multan District, 12 half breds by private individuals.
For Ferozepore District, 25 three-quarter breds by private individuals.
For Sialkot District, 5 by the District Board.
For Gujranwala District, 12 by the District Board.
For Kangra District, 10 by the District Board.
For Lyallpur District, 1 purchased by a private individual.
There can be no doubt that the introduction of the merinos has a very
excellent influence on the wool and mutton, but to have any permanent effect
they must be imported to a much larger extent than we can ever hope to do
under the present conditions. The pure merino does not stand the climate of
the plains well, but the progeny does.
Samples of half bred wool were sent to Bradford, where it was valued at
£0-1-4 to £0-1-6 per pound. All woollen mills require the coarse and fine wool
to be kept separate: this must be done at the time of shearing. Instructions
on this point will be issued to sheep owners. The Manager of the Dhariwal
Mills informed the Chief Superintendent that the clip from the pure bred
merino in Kangra was the best received up to date, and valued it at Rs. 70—80
per maund uncleaned.
In consultation with Deputy Commissioner, Kangra, two locally bred,
pure bred merino rams will be issued to sheep owners in the Kangra District
in April. The sheep breeding in Kangra is not improving as it should. This
is chiefly due to the slackness of the shepherds, who take no care and allow the
half bred ewes to be tapped by the country ram. The Thakar of Lahoul is
very keen, and has tried crosses between merino and Lahouli merino and Biangi.
The Chief Superintendent saw two fine specimens of the latter, and it is hoped
that there will be a good number of lambs produced during the coming year.
Fairs and shows.
30. The statistical information regarding fairs and shows is incorporat-
ed in Tables XIII and XIV.
The Superintendent, South Punjab, attended the Dera Ghazi Khan and
Multan horse shows and fairs. Mr. Quirke attended the Pakpattan fair, and
the Chief Superintendent the Pattoki, Kasur, Sialkot, Hoshiarpur, Gurdaspur,
Kana Kacha, Jullundur and Amritsar horse fairs.
The following cattle fairs were attended by Chief Superintendent:—
Amritsar. Hoshiarpur. Pattoki. Kasur. Kana Kacha. Jullundur. Sialkot.
Lyallpur.
Muktsar and Multan by the Superintendent, South Punjab.
Rawalpindi and Shahpur by the Superintendent, North Punjab.
Rewari, Jahazgarh, Hissar, Sirsa, Bhiwani and Rohtak by the Deputy
Superintendent.
The smaller fairs were attended by Veterinary Inspectors as the dates
clashed with the larger ones, which prevented Superintendents from attending.
Some fairs were abandoned owing to scarcity of fodder.
15
6. His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab while at Hissar
on October 31st inspected the stock and machinery at the Home Farm.
7. Table XVI shows the changes in farm stock during the year. The
following details are of interest : —
Herd bulls.—10 bulls were entered during the year: all are doing
well. One was sold to the Civil Veterinary Department, United Provinces.
Supernumerary bulls.—The following were issued during the year :—
To Punjab District Boards...
...
...
To Mauritius...
...
...
To private
breeder...
...
...
Total
181
2
1
184
The number issued to Punjab District Boards is again a record; the
great majority of these issued were very keenly competed for by the represen-
tatives of the District Boards sent down to select them.
As regards these animals, the efforts of the Civil Veterinary Department
in the districts appear to be succeeding in the task, always exceptionally
difficult in India, of popularising an improved article.
Male produce.—In common with all stock have severely felt the
absence of grazing, but especial efforts have been made in their case to mini-
mise the bad effects, as they form the main source of the farm's revenue.
Five were sold to private breeders.
Six were sold to Mauritius Government.
Cows.—About 75 per cent. calved during the year—a fact which added
enormously to the difficulty of maintaining their condition, and casualties
connected with the act of parturition were very severe at the end of the year.
Heifers.—Probably a considerable number will be permanently stunted
and have to be cast, but sufficient first class animals to maintain the farm
herds will be forthcoming.
228 of various ages were sold, the majority by auction to private
breeders.
Six were sold to Mauritius.
Calves.—1,104 were born during the year—A very high percentage,
and a fact which made the absence of grazing all the more calamitous.
Bullocks.—75 were issued to the Military Department. The small
number was due to a number of animals being backward in development.
About 40, which under normal conditions would have been issued, were taken
up and broken in for farm use. They developed enormously in a few months
and are already nearly are up to Siege Train standard.
Mules.—25 ordnance and 6 transport mules were issued to the Army
Remount Department. Two pairs of transport mules were sold privately at
Rs. 600 per pair.
Pony mares.—There were 83 present at the end of the year. 26 full
time foals were born. The percentage of births would have been higher
but for contagious abortion.
Donkey stallions.—One stallion was sold to the Army Remount Depart-
ment and one (Hermes) was added during the year. The new stallion is farm
bred. His measurements are—
Height 12-3, girth 55", shank 7"
Donkey colts.—Twelve were issued as follows:—
To the Punjab ... ... ... ... ...
To the Army Remount Department ... ... ... ... ...
To the United Provinces ... ... ... ... ...
6
5
1
17
Losses due to the absence of grazing would have been far heavier but for
the large quantities of green oats supplied to the stock during the cold
months.
The Farm Bailiff, Mr. MacCutchan, deserves credit for hard work
throughout the year.
9, Hospital.-The average number of cases dressed daily was 58.
15 mules were castrated.
78 cattle were castrated.
614 calves were inoculated against black-quarter,
2,543 sheep were dipped for scab.
During the latter part of the year work in the hospital was unusually
heavy. Several changes have again occurred in the Hospital staff, but Ve-
terinary Assistants Ata Muhammad and Abdul Haq have been in charge for most
of the year.
Veterinary Assistant Ata Muhammad, who joined in June, has proved a
valuable acquisition to the Farm staff.
10. General.—During the latter half of the year the conditions of fod-
der famine and the necessity for purchase of fodder have involved the whole
staff of the farm in a great deal of extra work, which has been willingly under-
taken. The Deputy Superintendent, Captain R. Morris, has throughout been
of the greatest assistance to me.
Munshi Muhammad Ashfaq, who was officiating as Farm Overseer from
October till the end of the year, the clerical staff and the storekeeper have
done particularly well.
TABLES.
No.
I
II
III
IV
V.
VII
VIII
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XIV-A
VI-A
VI-B
XVI
XVI-A
XVII
XVIII
Subject.
Statement showing the main results of the Punjab veterinary college...
Statement showing the number of deaths from contagious diseases
amongst animals ...
Statement showing results of preventive inoculation
Statement showing the number of animals treated and castrated by
veterinary assistants on tour ... ... ...
Statement showing the number of animals treated at veterinary hospi-
tals and dispensaries
...
....
Statement showing the total strength of subordinate veterinary staff
employed ... .... ... ... ...
Return of stud bulls ... ... ... ...
Return of horse, pony and donkey stallions under local bodies ...
Services and produce of each class of horse, pony and donkey stallions
under local bodies ... ... ...
Statement showing average cost of feed, keep, attendance, etc., of
horse, pony and donkey stallions ... ... ...
Abstract of particulars regarding horse fairs and shows held in non-
selected districts ... ... ... ... ...
Abstract of particulars regarding cattle fairs and shows ... ...
Statement showing cost of the civil veterinary department
...
Expenditure by local bodies
...
...
...
Resources—local bodies ... ...
Return of animals on the Hissar cattle farm ...
...
Return of sheep on the Hissar cattle farm ...
...
Donkey and mule-breeding on the Hissar farm
...
...
Abstract showing main results of the working of the Hissar farm
Page.
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
id.
vii
viii
ib.
ix
x
xi
xii
xiii
xiv
xv
xvi
xvii
i
TABLE I.
STATEMENT SHOWING THE MAIN RESULTS OF THE PUNJAB VETERINARY COLLEGE, LAHORE, FOR THE YEAR 1915-16.
Name of the
institution.
1
Punjab
Veterinary
College,
Lahore.
Name of course
of instructions,
if more than
one followed.
2
3 years' course
4 years' course
Post-graduate
course.
NUMBER OF STUDENTS.
Admitted
during the
year (April
1915).
Scholarship-holders.
3
13
7
4
Military students and
others.
4
25
25
...
Passed final examination during the year
(April 1916).
5
50*
...
...
Failed to pass the fira1 examination.
6
6†
...
...
Remaining
under instruc-
tions at the
end of the year.
In ordinary course.
7
90
27
...
Instructions
prolonged by
reason of failure.
8
8
4
....
DURING THE YEAR,
CLASSED BY
EDUCATIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS.
Matriculation or with
higher qualifications.
9
...
3
...
Knowing some English, hut
not matriculated.
10
21
29
4
Knowing no English or
Very little English.
11
17
...
....
RECEIPTS FROM
Fees.
12
Rs.
11,185‡
...
...
Other sources.
13
Rs.
5,418
...
...
Total.
14
Rs.
16,603
...
...
EXPENDITURE.
Salaries of instructing
staff.
15
Rs.
62,269
...
...
Other expenses.
16
Rs.
44,138
...
...
...
Total.
17
Rs.
1,06,407
...
...
...
EMPLOYMENT OF GRADUATES WHO
PASSED OUT DURING THE
3 YEARS PRECEDING.
Total number passed.
18
160
...
...
...
In service of Government
or local bodies.
19
140
....
....
In service of States, bodies
or institutions.
20
20
....
...
In private practice.
21
...
...
...
Number unemployed.
22
...
...
...
REMARKS.
23
...
Class com-
menced
from May
1915.
Class started
from Octo-
ber 1915.
* 1 passed in June 1915.
† Of these 4 failed in one subject only.
‡ Includes fees from 4 years and Post-graduate course.
iv
TABLE IV.
SHOWING THE NUMBER OF ANIMALS TREATED AND CASTRATED- BY VETERINARY ASSISTANTS ON TOUR DURING 1915-16.
District.
1
Hissar
... ...
Rohtak ... ...
Gugaon ... ...
Karnal ... ..
Ambala ... ...
Simla
...
...
Kangra ... ...
Hoshiarpur
...
Jullundur ... ...
Ludhiana ... ...
Ferozepore ... ...
Lahore
...
Amritsar ...
...
Gurdaspur
...
Sialkot ... ...
Gujranwala ...
Gujrat ... ...
Shahpur ... ...
Jhelum ... ...
Rawalpindi ...
Attock
... ...
Mianwali ... ...
Montgomery
Lyallpur ... ...
Jhang
...
...
Multan ... ...
Muzaffargarh ...
Dera Ghazi Khan ...
Total
Number
of villages
visited.
2
887
537
1,079
524
580
138
872
489
326
459
601
348
429
327
481
222
387
815
270
447
207
139
456
350
200
882
462
414
12,828
Number of
Veterinary
Assistants employed.
3
6
5
7
5
6
3
6
5
5
5
7
4
6
7
6
5
4
5
4
5
5
4
5
5
4
6
5
4
144.
CASTRATIONS PERFORMED.
Equines.
4
26
27
26
72
115
...
18
12
7
20
58
67
23
7
24
33
52
42
13
29
7
46
76
14
10
24
61
21
930
Bovines.
5
1,129
1,618
1,251
1,180
2,392
...
142
563
515
1,269
2,222
489
972
122
533
416
1,028
493
170
385
47
226
2,964
733
1,640
10,483
2,222
932
36,136
Others.
6
248
67
24
21
22
...
23
68
16
10
44
28
2
8
7
10
2
18
4
2
1
4
169
33
5
121
38
31
1,026
Total.
7
1,403
1,712
1,301
1,273
2,529
...
183
643
538
1,299
2,324
584
997
137
564
459
1,082
553
187
416
55
276
3,209
780
1,655
10,628
2,321
984
38,092
TREATED FOR CONTAGIOUS DISEASES.
Equines.
8
24
39
28
10
7
...
343
56
12
...
50
17
14
1
28
6
...
1
...
2
3
...
45
12
1
9
19
36
763
Bovines.
9
984
684
1,320
1,605
1,310
190
22,518
1,692
1,108
494
2,272
175
464
1,308
853
1,014
787
605
1,185
1,344
774
210
865
1,300
133
207
423
718
46,542
Others.
10
284
55
30
15
19
42
11,042
9
1
6
723
15
18
...
138
92
83
128
124
829
111
343
64
17
1
119
384
90
14,777
Total.
11
1,292
778
1,378
1,630
1,336
282
33,903
1,757
1,121
500
3,045
207
496
1,309
1,019
1,112
870
729
11,309
2,175
888
553
974
1,329
135
335
826
844
62,082
TREATED FOR NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES.
Equines.
12
214
247
232
100
121
14
179
168
92
71
454
242
320
41
387
46
146
167
131
185
55
64
196
215
53
260
242
698
5,340
Bovines.
13
1,392
2,019
1,997
1,154
1,072
165
1,463
493
246
741
962
361
801
190
1,039
138
293
227
166
426
88
114
438
871
446
705
1,030
664
19,701
Others.
14
562
127
102
11
16
13
900
19
8
15
39
36
299
6
42
25
66
225
47
65
87
7
64
67
27
70
170
151
3,266
Total.
15
2,168
2,393
2,331
1,265
1,209
192
2,542
680
346
827
1,455
639
1,420
237
1,468
209
505
619
344
676
230
185
698
1,153
526
1,035
1,442
1,513
28,307
Total number of cases.
treated and castrations
performed.
16
4,863
4,883
5,010
4,168
8,074
424
36,628
2,080
2,005
2,626
6,824
1,430
2,913
1,683
3,051
1,780
2,457
1,901
1,840
3,267
1,173
1,014
4,881
3,262
2,316
11,998
4,589
3,341
128,481
REMARKS.
17