NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
2
12. Causes of death.—The following table shows the causes of death
among patients resident during the year under review :—
Name of disease.
1
Dysentery ... ... ... ...
Malaria ... ... ... ...
Pneumonia .. ... ... ...
Tuberculosis of the lung ... ...
Other tubercular diseases ... ...
Ankylostomiasis ... ... ...
Anæmia ... ... ... ...
All other general diseases ... ...
Diseases of the nervous system ... ...
Diseases of the circulatory system ... ...
Diarrhœa ... ... ... ...
Diseases of liver ... ... ...
Diseases of the digestive system ... ...
Diseases of the arcolar tissue ... ...
Total number of deaths ...
Number of cases.
Male.
2
3
...
6
8
5
...
1
3
4
2
1
2
1
2
38
Female.
3
...
1
...
2
...
1
...
2
1
...
...
1
...
...
8
Total.
4
3
1
6
10
5
1
1
5
5
2
1
3
1
2
46
13. Daily average sick.—The general health of patients was good
throughout the period under report. The daily average number of patients
treated for bodily ailments was 68.67 (64.81 males and 3.86 females). The
important admissions to the infirmaries are shown in the following table:—
Name of disease.
1
Dysentery ... ... ...
Malaria ... ... ... ...
Influenza ... ... ... ...
Tuberculosis of the lung ... ...
New growth—Non-malignant ... ...
Diseases of the respiratory system ... ...
Diarrhœa ... ... ... ...
All other diseases of the digestive system ...
Diseases of the arcolar tissue ... ...
Other diseases of the skin ... ...
Inflammation, ulcerative ... ...
Injury (general and local) ... ...
Number of cases.
Male.
2
17
58
80
11
1
73
91
64
56
62
38
46
Female.
3
3
14
7
2
...
7
...
2
7
3
2
3
Total.
4
20
72
87
13
1
80
91
66
63
65
40
49
14. Fifteen male class III (convict) criminal sane patients were
retransferred to jails, and 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) who were found to
be suffering from leprosy, were transferred to the Albert Victor Leper
Hospital, Gobra, Calcutta.
15. Cases under observation.—There were 15 cases (11 males and 4 females)
under brief periods of observation in this hospital as compared with 16 cases
(15 males and 1 female) in the previous year. Of the 15 cases, 7 cases (4
males and 3 females) were certified and ultimately admitted to the hospital.
Of the remaining 8 cases (7 males and 1 female), one male criminal patient,
4
It is notable that assaults are more common with newly-admitted cases.
In my opinion this is due to the fact that insane patients whether violent,
aggressive or otherwise are often roughly handled by tactless, unsympathetic
relatives and friends before admittance. The result is that they temporarily
develop a wild temper due to continuous bad treatment and assault anyone
with whom they come into contact. Such patients become docile, amiable
and admirably adapt themselves with the disciplinary routine of the institution
in a very short time under treatment which consists in of a mixture of tact,
kindness, sympathy and liberty of speech and action. I take this opportunity
of recording my grateful acknowledgment of the services of those attendant
staff who suffered bodily ailments due to unprovoked assaults by patients
during the year under report.
23 Post-mortem.—During the year under report 45 post-mortems were
performed and interesting specimens have been preserved for demonstration
purposes.
24. Escapes.—There were two cases of escapes against one in the previous
year. One male patient escaped while working in the vegetable garden and
is still at large and the other case a paying patient who had recovered his
sanity and was waiting for formal discharge absconded while shopping at
Ranchi, went to Calcutta to his home and returned to the hospital again to be
discharged formally.
25. The sanitation and conservancy of the whole area of the hospital
were quite satisfactory. There was no epidemic either in hospital or in the
staff lines. A case of chicken-pox occurred in the staff lines in one of the
female attendants. She was immediately removed to the Ranchi Sadr
Hospital and all contacts were segregated. During the year under report
cholera broke out in a mild epidemic form at Ranchi and the affected areas
of the town were placed out-of-bounds for the staff and patients for about
a month.
The Thresh Disinfector Machine was in great demand throughout the
year for disinfection of patients' clothing and bedding.
26. Patients' Clothing and Bedding.—Much attention is paid in this
direction and the best durable materials consistent with the price, are
purchased, as befits a modern mental hospital. Government sanctioned a flat
rate of Rs. 30 per head for bedding and clothing.
27. Treatment of mental conditions.—As stated in the previous Annual
Reports, the treatment received by patients in this hospital is up to the level
of the latest modern methods employed in modern mental hospitals.
(1) Hydrotherapy
(prolonged bathing), which is the most important
treatment of certain types of mental diseases, could not be carried on as
extensively as is necessary for a large hospital like this for want of a Hydro-
therapy ward. However, 23 males and 16 females were given this treatment
as shown in the following table. —
Sex
1
Male ... ... ... ...
Female ... ... ... ...
Total
number of
cases
treated.
2
23
16
Total
number of
hours of
minimum
immersion.
3
3,575
1,999
Maximum
number of
hours a
patient was
in the bath
during the
period of
treatment.
4
534
475
Minimum
number of
hours a
patient was
in the bath
during the
period of
treatment.
5
5
13
7
I reproduce the following letter :—
" Just a line to congratulate out on the success of last night's entertainment, and as
a token of my appreciation I enclose a small cheque (Rs. 250) for your kind
acceptance. I leave it to you to expend the amount any way you think best
for the inmates of your asylum.
R. N. MUKHARJI."
I would also like to record my grateful acknowledgment of my patients
to all ladies and gentlemen for the admirable help rendered by them in
various ways to make these entertainments a success.
(6) Cinema.—The hospital cinema has not yet been installed for want of
proper recreation building. A proposal has been submitted to Government
for the erection of a temporary shed for the purpose and to sanction the
purchase of a cinema machine as it is most urgently required from the
therapeutic point of view. Two excellent Indian films were exhibited to the
patients by the Ranchi Cinema House.
A few more musical instruments and gramophone records were
purchased.
Organization of a concert party for the hospital.—A move has been
made to train a party of attendants who have volunteered to learn to play
different musical instruments. Sub-Assistant Surgeon D. R. Chaudhuri, who
is a musician and who plays many musical instruments, is teaching this party
and within two months very satisfactory progress has been made. They now
entertain the patients twice a week with " Indian music ". It seems at least
possible that we have a nucleus from which will evolve " the Ranchi Indian
Mental Hospital Band ".
(7) Feasts.—As usual feasts were given to all patients during the Puja
and Holi festivals and special feasts given to Hindu, Muhammadan and
Christian patients during their respective festivals. Religious feelings and
sentiments are respected so far as is possible, and special diets are arranged
for their special feasts.
(8) Parole.—Dependable and non-dependable patients continued to go
out daily for morning and evening walks, the former without and the latter
with attendants. The hospital motor bus was used throughout the year for
drives, shopping, and picnics for patients of both sections.
(9) Library.—(i) Patients' Library.—New English, Bengali, Hindi, Oriya,
and Urdu books were added to the library during the year. The literate
patients take a keen interest in the library which now contains fairly large
number of books.
(ii) Medical Library.—Many new books and medical journals were added
to this library. It is gratifying to note that the medical staff as in the past
have continued taking full advantage of this library, and have thus kept
themselves abreast with the latest advances in general and psychological
medicine.
The supply of the following newspapers and monthly magazines was
continued gratis to this hospital for the use of the patients throughout the
year by the proprietors, to whom our best thanks are due :—
(1) Statesman.
(2) Forward.
(3) Amrita Bazar Patrika.
(4) Searchlight.
(5) Hindi Bangabasi.
(6) Utkal Dipika.
(7) Basumati.
(8) Bharatbarsa.
(9) Prabasi.
(10) Kallol.
8
28. Diet.—The diet scales of the hospital were thoroughly discussed by
the Managing Committee of the hospital on the initiative of Rai Bahadur
Dr. Chuni Lal Bose and on analysis they were found to contain the
requisite quantities of protein, fat and carbohydrate. The scales were compared
with those of other mental hospitals of India and were found to be superior to
those of other mental hospitals. The weight charts of the patients showed
a general rise throughout the year under report.
29. Garden Scheme.—The vegetable garden of the hospital, which is
now one of the largest gardens of its kind, has achieved further success
during the year under report. The full requirement of the hospital of
vegetables amounting to nine to ten maunds daily was supplied by this garden
throughout the year. In addition, papayas, bananas,guavas, mangoes, etc.,
were supplied to the hospital from the hospital orchard. Surplus vegetables
were sold to the public at the prevailing market rates.
INCOME.
The total income from the garden was Rs. 23,430-10-0 against an expendi-
ture of Rs. 7,381-4-9 during the year under report as shown below :—
Table.
Income.
Vegetables ... ... ...
Onion
...
...
...
Garlic
...
...
...
Chillies ... ... ...
Potato ... ... ...
Green Mango ... ... ...
Fruits
...
...
...
Total ...
Public sale of vegetables ... ...
Fodder supplied to the hospital bullocks ...
Total ...
Rs.
10,646
897
25
324
62
250
346
21,553
1,519
358
23,430
a.
4
11
9
0
7
0
15
1
5
4
10
p.
9
3
6
0
9
3
6
0
9
0
9
EXPENDITURE.
The total expenditure including the expenditure of the flower garden
was as follows : —
Pay of coolies ... ... ...
Laying out ... ... ...
Purchase of manure ... ... ...
Purchase of seeds and plants ... ...
Purchase of implements and tools ... ...
Miscellaneous expenditure ... ...
Total ...
Rs.
1,965
800
2,154
563
563
1,333
7,381
a.
12
10
7
6
2
14
4
p.
0
9
0
0
9
3
9
The average daily number of patients employed in the vegetable garden
was 142.
Rai Sahib Jagannath De, late Garden Manager, to whom the credit
for the success of this garden is due, was reverted to the Agricultural Depart-
ment in November 1928 as the department could not spare his services any
longer. He has been replaced by another junior officer from the Agricultural
Department, who had previous training for over a year in growing vegetables
under the Rai Sahib. He is also enthusiastic and it is hoped that he will
maintain the reputation of the garden.
The transfer of Rai Sahib Jagannath De is a great loss. The present
prosperity of the hospital vegetable garden is entirely the fruit of his labour,
experience, ability, organization and enthusiasm and great industry.
9
30. Buildings.—The following buildings were completed during the
year under report :—
(1) Equipment godown.
(2) Fuel godown.
(3) Coal godown.
(4) Vegetable godown.
(5) Petrol godown.
(6) Godown, store and bullock shed for the vegetable garden.
(7) Barber shed.
(8) Several additional feeding platforms.
(9) Grain gola.
An experiment was carried on with the storage of 500 maunds of rice
in one of the bins of the grain gola to ascertain its effect on the grains
About 12 maunds of rice were found after the period of experiment to
be damaged by weevils. Every attempt is being made to find out ways
and means to prevent the rice from being damaged by weevils.
The work for construction of additional staff quarters for some of the
existing staff, who have not yet been provided with quarters, is in progress
and the quarters are expected to be ready early in 1929-30
31. Finance.—The total expenditure, exclusive of the amount received
from the paying patients and miscellaneous receipts, was Rs. 6,34,085-1-6.
The annual average cost per head inclusive of Public Works Department
charges was Rs. 475-14-3 and exclusive of Public Works Department charges was
Rs. 357-3-2 during the year under report as compared with Rs. 442-12-11
and Rs. 375-5-3 respectively, in the previous year.
The amount remitted to the treasury on account of fees of paying
patients and miscellaneous receipts during the year under report and two
previous years was as follows :—
—
1
Paying patients ... ...
Miscellaneous receipts ... ...
1926
2
Rs.
8,603
559
a.
13
7
p.
0
3
1927
3
Rs.
13,350
723
a.
13
5
p.
0
3
1928
4
Rs.
15,676
2,580
a.
5
10
p.
6
0
The strictest economy was observed in all departments and the contingent
expenditure has been reduced to a minimum. The following table shews the
results of our steady efforts in this direction :—
—
1
The annual contingent cost per head ...
1926
2
RS.
392
a.
5
p.
3
1927
3
Rs.
254
a.
11
p.
10
1928
4
Rs.
216
a.
2
p.
7
10
On the other hand the cost of establishment is going up. This is likely to
continue to increase as staff still required for the hospital is sanctioned.
The following table shows the gradual increase in the cost of establishment
charges per head :—
—
1
Annual expenditure of establishment per
head.
1926
2
Rs.
97
a.
2
p.
3
1927
3
Rs.
111
a.
12
p.
0
1928
4
Rs.
126
a
8
p.
4
In spite of this last increased expenditure, it is satisfactory to report
that the total expenditure per head excluding the Public Works Department
charges has been lower than the previous two years as the following table
will show :—
—
1
Annual cost pet head inclusive of Public
Works Department charges.
Annual cost per head exclusive of Public
Works Department charges.
1926
2
Rs.
625
489
a.
4
12
p.
5
3
1927
3
Rs.
442
375
a.
14
5
p.
11
3
1928
4
Rs.
475
357
a.
14
3
p.
3
2
32. Staff.—The following additional staff recommended by the Inspector-
General of Civil Hospitals, Bihar and Orissa, for the office and stores were
sanctioned during the year under report :—
2nd Clerk.
Head Store-keeper.
Cashier.
Typist.
Nursing.—Two more additional female nurses were also sanctioned
during the year under report for the Female Section. There is still a lack of
nursing in the Male Section, which I consider to be necessary.
Attendants.—An improvement in the standard of work of the attend-
ant staff was noticed during the year under report, but there is still much
left to be desired in their work.
Classes in mental nursing, first-aid and hygiene were held by the Second
Assistant Superintendent for the training of attendant staff in the Male
Section and by the Matron, in the Female Section.
Changes in Staff.—There have been certain important changes in the
personnel of the permanent staff of the hospital, (1) Dr. J. Ray, M.B.,
D.P.M., 1st Assistant Superintendent, having been appointed as alienist of the
Nagpur Mental Hospital, left in September. He has been replaced by
another experienced Assistant Surgeon Dr. Prakash Chandra Das, M.B.,
11
(2) The permanent Matron went on long leave on medical grounds and
Miss L. G. Mewa, C.M.B., was appointed to officiate in her place.
33. Commendation.—My thanks are due to all members of the staff
who have ably assisted me in carrying out the administration of this hospital
during the year under report.
I am glad to be able to state that Dr. P. C. Das, M.B., our new 1st
Assistant Superintendent, is a great asset for the hospital and during his
four months' stay has already rendered splendid service. Dr. Das is very
sound in his knowledge of mental diseases and has years of practical experience
to his credit in the mental work.
Acknowledgments are also due to Babu R. R. Biswas, the head clerk and
Mr. P. S. Marley, the Steward, for performing: the very difficult and
responsible duties of their departments with great ability and zeal.
I also beg to bring to the notice of Government the unflinching devotion
to duty of the first grade attendant Elias and the second grade attendant
Patras in nursing of a very interesting and unique case of benign stupor after
manic depressive paychosis. This patient was admitted on 8th October
1927 and for 18 months he remained in bed and never opened his mouth
during the period either for eating or talking. He was fed nasally twice a
day by the attendant Elias and nursed by the attendant Patras throughout
the period of his illness. The senior Sub-Assistant Surgeon Dr. K. K. Ghosh
also rendered splendid service in this case.
34. General.—(1) The hospital was visited by the following during the
year under report :—
(i) Commissioner, Chota Nagpur Division.
(ii) Judicial Commissioner, Chota Nagpur Division, Ranchi.
(iii) Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Bihar and Orissa (several
times).
(iv) Inspector-General of Prisons, Bengal.
(v) Inspector-General of Prisons, Bihar and Orissa.
(vi) The members of the League of Nations, Health Section, Geneva.
(vii) The members of the Managing Committee.
(viii) Several members of the Bihar and Orissa Legislative Council and
also by numerous sympathisers, Europeans and Indians, of both
sexes.
(2) The Committee of Visitors.—Both ladies and gentlemen of the
Committee of Visitors have worked throughout the period under report with
unremitting zeal.
The Committee of Lady Visitors failed twice through want of quorum to
hold the monthly meetings in the months of January and November 1928.
The number of lady visitors is inadequate as previously reported by me and
it leaves absolutely no margin for sickness or other unavoidable cause of
absence. Miss P. K. Singh, the only Lady Doctor on the Ladies' Committee,
rendered most loyal service to the hospital by attending all the meetings
throughout the year under report.
(3) Managing Committee.—The meetings of the Managing Committee of
the hospital, the constitution of which was mentioned in the previous year's
Annual Report, were held as follows:—
2nd and 3rd February 1928.
3rd and 4th September 1928.
The Committee solved very satisfactorily various problems, such as
additional buildings, increased staff, etc.
(4) Congestion.—Throughout
the year under report the Male Section
of the hospital remained overcongested. The following table shows the
congestion on the 31st December 1928 :—
Sanctioned strength of the hospital ...
Patients resident on the 31st December 1928 ...
Male.
1,014
1,065
Female.
272
209
Total.
1,286
1,274
The Male Section was overcrowded by 51 patients.
Bengal exceeded by 41 male patients.
Bihar and Orissa exceeded by 9 male patients.
(5) Donation Fund.—We commenced the year with an opening balance
of Rs. 505 in this fund and closed this with Rs. 2,487-14-9 on the 31st
December 1928. Many kind-hearted and philanthropic visitors contributed
voluntarily to the fund after having been thoroughly satisfied with their
visit to the hospital. My special thanks are due to the following gentlemen
for their contributions as a mark of appreciation for the work of this
hospital:—
(1) Raja Baldeo Das Birla
...
...
...
(2) Sir R. N. Mukharji, Kt., K.C.I.E., etc.
...
...
(3) A. L. Ojha, Esq., M.L.C. ... ... ... ...
(4) Raja Rajendra Narayan Bhauja Deo
...
...
(5) Rai Bahadur D. D. Dhandhania ...
...
...
Rs.
1,000
250
50
25
100
(6) Audit.—The
annual audit report of the hospital was satisfactory.
All the minor objections were settled by the auditors on the spot, and the
report mainly dealt with suggestions of keeping accounts, etc., on proper
printed forms. This will be complied with when necessary forms are
received from the Government Press.
(7) Lectures—During the year under report Medical students from the
Prince of Wales Medical College, Patna, were sent in two batches, as in the
previous year, for intensive training in mental diseases, as required by the
curriculum of the Patna University for the degree of M. B. B. S. Lectures
with practical demonstration of cases were delivered to the students five hours
daily as the course was very lengthy and the period of training exceedingly
short (fortnight for each batch). The Medical and Nursing Staff of the
hospital were also allowed to attend these courses.
(8) An original paper entitled " Encephalitis Lethargica " was read by
the Superintendent in one of the meetings of the Ranchi Medical Society.
An article entitled the " Parsees and the Dementia Praecox " was also
contributed during the year under review to the British Medical Journal by
the Superintendent.
(9) As recommended by the Managing Committee, the Superintendent
was permitted by the Government of Bihar and Orissa to visit the Yeravda
Mental Hospital in the Bombay Presidency in December 1928, and a report
on the visit was submitted as required by the Committee.
J. E. DHUNJIBHOY, MAJOR, I.M.S.,
Superintendent, Indian Mental Hospital, Konke, Ranchi.
STATEMENT NO. I.
2
STATEMENT
Showing the Admissions, discharges, etc., of patients in the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital
1
Years.
(Mental hospital)
1928 ...
1927 ...
1926 ...
2
Remained on
1st January.
Males.
1,160
1,170
1,100
Females.
234
291
159
Total.
1,394
1,389
1,259
3
Admitted.
Males.
81
217
216
Females.
25
53
79
Total.
106
270
295
4
Re-admitted.
Males.
5
11
7
Females.
...
1
3
Total.
5
12
10
5
Total
population.
Males.
1,246
1,398
1,323
Females.
259
273
241
Total.
1,505
1,671
1,564
6
Discharged.
A
Cured.
Males.
95
174
98
Females.
30
32
15
Total.
125
206
113
B
Transferred to friends.
Improved.
Males.
23
9
7
Females.
10
1
...
Total.
33
10
7
Not improved.
Males.
3
11
1
Females.
1
1
...
Total.
4
12
1
C
Otherwise.
Males.
22
5
1
Females.
1
...
1
Total.
(a)
23
5
2
D
Total.
Males.
143
199
107
Females.
42
34
16
Total.
185
233
123
N. B.—This statement excludes observation cases.
The capacity of the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital is at 59 superficial fee
The maximum number of patients confined on any one night
(a) Of which —
15 males transferred to different jails.
2 males escaped (one since recaptured).
5 males transferred to Leper Asylum.
1 female transferred to Leper Asylum.
3
. I.
ring the year 1928 and the two previous years.
7
Died.
Males.
38
39
46
Females.
8
5
6
Total.
46
44
52
8
Remaining on
31st December.
Males.
1,065
1,160
1,170
Females.
209
234
219
Total.
1,274
1,394
1,389
9
Daily average strength.
Males.
1113.91
1181.54
1146.87
Females.
218.50
227.99
203.79
Total.
1332.41
1409.53
1350.66
10
Daily average sick.
Males.
64.81
57.69
46.86
Females.
3.86
7.86
7.24
Total.
68.67
65.45
54.10
11
PERCENTAGE TO—
Daily average strength.
A
Cured.
Males.
8.52
15.74
8.54
Females.
13.73
14.04
7.36
Total.
9.38
15.54
8.36
B
Died.
Males.
3.41
3.30
4.01
Females.
3.66
2.20
2.89
Total.
3.45
3.12
3.85
Admissions.
C
Cured.
Males.
30.86
30.87
7.41
Females.
16.00
13.20
5.06
Total.
27.36
27.41
6.78
D
Died.
Males.
2.47
4.14
2.31
Females.
...
1.89
2.53
Total.
1.88
2.70
2.37
per patient.—1,014 for males, 272 for females, 1,286 Total,
was 1,161 males, 234 females, 1,895 Total.
4
STATEMENT No. IA.
Showing cases admitted for observation in the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital, during the year 1928.
Name of hospital.
1
Ranchi
Indian Mental
Hospital.
Year.
2
1928
Remained on 1st January.
3
Nil
Admitted.
4
M.
11
F.
4
T.
15
Re-admitted.
5
Nil
Certified and admitted into the hospital
6
M.
4
F.
3
T.
7
Certified and released under section 14,
Act IV of 1912.
7
Nil
Released as uncertified.
8
M.
*7
F.
1
T.
8
Died.
9
Nil
Remaining on 31st December 1928.
10
Nil
Remarks.
11
*Six male patients
were certified to be
non-violent insanes,
but were not ad-
mitted for want of
accommodation
and were released
by the committing
Magistrate.
One male patient
was returned to the
jail by order of the
High Court and
the Judicial Com-
missioner,
Chota
Nagpur Division,
Ranchi.
One female was
discharged
as
uncertified.
6
STATEMENT
Return of Criminal patients in the Ranchi Indian Mental
1
Years.
(Mental hospi-
tal.)
1928 ...
1927 ...
1926 ...
2
Remaining on 1st
January.
Males.
557
546
531
Females.
42
43
25
Tolal.
599
589
556
3
Admitted.
Males.
49
111
101
Females.
*5
7
25
Total.
54
118
126
4
Re-admitted.
Males.
5
9
7
Females.
...
...
3
Total.
5
9
10
5
Total.
Males.
611
666
639
Females.
47
50
53
Total.
658
716
692
*Of which one was received from the non-criminal class. At. first she was admitted as a non-criminal
N.B.—The observation cases are