September, 1956 ]
ABSTRACTS
143
Several parasites and their involvement in causing the pathological changes have
been mentioned. It has been stated that Setaria spp. (Filariodea), in cattle and
horses, cause the disease known as "Kumree" wherein the parasites cause softening
and congestion of the spinal cord. Similarly lumbar paralysis, in goats, has been
attributed to the invasion of central nervous system by the larvae of Setaria digitata.
The symptoms vary according to the degree of invasion of the parasite on the
central nervous system. Nervous symptoms have also been described in somatic
nematode infections. But no explanation as to the occurrence of these symptoms
can be given; one school of thought, however, considers that these symptoms are
probably, of allergic origin.
This argument is based on the evidence that certain toxins are elaborated by
some parasites such as Trichinella. It has also been experimentally proved that
infection of the larvae of Ascaris suum induces a state of hypersensitivity, with
allergic symptoms. The injection of ascaris extracts in animals already sensitised,
caused certain changes in the central nervous system. So, in all probability, these
changes in the nervous system may be due to the allergic reactions brought about
by ascaris antigen.
It has been proved that these nematodes also transport viruses to the different
parts of the central nervous system and thus act as carriers of virus. It has been
observed that Ascaris suum transmits a virus which causes infectious paralysis
in pigs. However, there is no possibility of poliomylitis being transmitted by
these nematodes, as observed by many workers. It is also doubtful whether there
is any possibility of Setaria digitata transmitting the virus of Japanese B. ence-
phalitis. [V.V.S.]
The effect of sodium sulphaquinoxaline and sodium sulphamezathine in interrup-
ted schedules of treatment on the development of Eimeria tenella : DAVIES, S. F. M.
and KENDALL, S. B. (1954). J. Comp. Path. Vol. 64, No. 2., 87-93
D AVIES AND KENDALL review literature accounting for irregularities in
results obtained in the treatment of caecal coccidiosis with known fully-effective
sulpha drugs. Briefly, it is ascribed partly to varying susceptibility of various
developmental stages of the organism and partly to the irregular rate of develop-
ment of individual parasites.
In this paper they record results of their experiments on the treatment of caecal
coccidiosis in experimentally heavily infected chicks with sodium salts of sulpha-
quinoxaline (SQX) in 0.043 per cent and 0.0645 per cent concentrations, and sulpha-
mezathine (SMT) in 0.2 per cent cencentration in drinking water. Two different
schedules of treatment were adopted, namely 2-3-2-3-2 schedule, i.e., three two-day
periods of treatment with intervals of three days without treatment ; 3-2-3 schedule,
i.e., two three-day periods of treatment with a two-day interval without treatment
All groups of chicks received infection on the same day while treatment was given
to successive groups on successive days, starting treatment two days before the
infection for the first group under each section, second group receiving treatment
one day before the infection and so on. Mortality rate was the criterion kept
for evaluating results.