NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
160
ABSTRACTS
On nitrogen-free ration the mean endogenous nitrogen level was 31.9 mg. Nper
kg. body weight and the mean metabolic nitrogen level was 2.39 mg. N per gram of
dry matter intake or 7.17 mg.N per gram of dry matter excreted. Metabolic nitro-
gen expressed on the basis of excreted dry matter was less variable than when ex-
pressed on the basis of dry matter intake.
There was no significant difference in the true digestibility of nitrogen from
any of the nitrogen sources. It varied from 82.0 per cent in urea to 86.5 per cent
in casein (metabolic nitrogen being expressed on excreted dry matter basis).
Marked differences were obtained between the daily nitrogen balances for lamb-
fed nitrogen from various sources. Lambs fed urea stored less nitrogen (P<0.01)
than those fed any of the true proteins.
The biological values of bovine blood fibrin and soybean protein were signifi-
cantly larger (P<0.05) than that of casein, and the casein values were significantly
larger (P<0.01) than those of gelatin and urea. The mean biological values of the
nitrogen sources were: bovine blood fibrin, 83.1; soybean protein, 82.4; casein,
72.7; gelatin, 57.4; and urea 53.7. In calculations metabolic nitrogen was based
on excrete dry matter.
Statistically, the ruminal ammonia concentrations varied only slightly with
different nitrogen sources with the exception of urea. The ruminal ammonia con-
centrations after feeding urea were significantly larger than ammonia concentrations
associated with any other nitrogen source. (A.W.Z.)
The effect of high levels of an antibiotic on laying chickens during hot weather. BURT
W. HEYWANG. (1956). Poult Sci. Vol. 35(6) p. 1196—1200 Refs. 4 Tables 5
G ROUPS of White Leghorn pullets, selected on previous trapnest records, except
in one experiment, were put under four feeding experiments, during 100 or 112
days of hot weather. Two White Leghorn males were in each group during the
last three experiments.
The control group was on unsupplemented all-mash based ration. The ex-
perimental groups were fed on basal mash mixed and supplemented with crystalline
chlortetracycline hydrochloride at two levels of 50 mg. and 100 mg. per ton of mash.
The data collected, correlated and statistically analysed were on egg-production,
diet consumption, diet consumption per dozen eggs laid and maintenance of weight
by the layers in different groups. Hatchability of fertile eggs and mortality figures
were noted. Insufficient data were also recorded in two experiments of 168
days and 84 days of cooler or relatively moderate weather.
At both the levels of supplemented feeding of the antibiotic the egg production
showed an increase during the hot weather. The combined average rates of produc-
tion in the first three experiments were 36.5 per cent for controls, 44.8 per cent for
50-gram level and 47.2 per cent for 100 gm. level. At 50-gm. level these figures
for control and experimental were 34.9 per cent and 44.3 per cent respectively when
all the four experiments were combined. This increased effect was marked more
in poor layers than in good-layers, as seen from two experiments. Whether the
ABSTRACTS
161
lower level of feeding was as affective as the higher level, could not, however, be
proved for want of sufficient data. This increase in egg production was not account-
able by increased diet consumption. In fact the quantity of diet consumed per
dozen eggs was actually decreased by the supplement. There was practically no
significant effect on hatchability of fertile eggs, maintenance of live weight or mor-
tality.
Further data, although insufficient, indicated a similar trend of results during
cooler weather experiments. (A. K.).
The effect on fertility of changes in the composition of the normal egg-yolk citrate
semen diluent. D. R. MELROSE and D. L. STEWART (1956). Brit. Vet. Vol. 112,
No. 12, 536-540
I N order to determine whether a reduced electrolyte concentration in the semen
diluent or the addition to it of fructose, had, besides a beneficial effect on survival,
any influence on the fertility of the spermatozoa preserved at 5°C, the undermen-
tioned diluents were investigated into with the usual 3.6 per cent sodium citrate
egg-yolk diluent as control:
(1) Isotonic (2.9 per cent) sodium citrate egg-yolk buffer
(2) Usual 3.6 per cent sodium citrate egg-yolk buffer with the addition of
fructose
(3) Bicarbonate-glucose buffer evolved by Kampschmidt
Semen samples were collected every 3rd day and suitable ones were diluted at
the rate of 1: 50 in the control and trial diluents on a split sample basis. After
dilution, the semen was cooled to and stored at 5°C. First inseminations were carried
out on the day of collection and during 2 days thereafter.
(1) In 3792 inseminations with the isotonic semen diluent, a conception rate
of 64.1 per cent was obtained compared to 63.5 per cent in 3831 inseminations with
control diluents. There was no significant difference between diluents in the over-
all conception rate but an improved conception rate was obtained with the isotonic
diluent on the 2nd day of use at 5 per cent level of significance.
(2) Addition of 0.05g. fructose per 100 ml. of diluent did not affect the conception
rate.
(3) Notwithstanding the better survival of spermatozoa in vitro, a lowered
conception rate of 63.9 per cent was obtained in 34-09 inseminations with the bicar-
bonate glucose egg-yolk diluent, as against 66.9 per cent conception rate in 3488
inseminations with the control diluent. The difference in fertility was significant
at 1 per cent level. (P.R.V.N.)
28 AR/57
13
162
ABSTRACTS
Prophylactic measures against Dicrocœlium
lanceatum infection in sheep
KLESOV, M.D. and POPOVA,A.G. (1956). Veterinariya 33(6) 36-39. [ In Russian ]
T REMATODES constitute an important group of helminths which adversely
affect the health of livestock. In the live cycles of all trematodes of veteri-
nary and medical importance molluscs serve as the first intermediate hosts. In
the vast majority of species of these parasites aquatic snails act as intermediate
hosts and there are several chemical molluscicides which can be used in different
concentrations; copper sulphate being one such chemical the use of which is
commonly advocated.
There are a few species of these trematodes in the life cycle of which is intercalated
a landsnail, Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Syn. D. lanceatum) is one of the species which
uses a landsnail as intermediate host. No economically feasible method of chemcial,
biological or mechanical control was known for destroying landsnails. Klesov and
Popova have carried out extensive observations on the role of poultry in destroying
landsnails. They selected four hectares of pasture with a snail density of 47.2 per
sq. m. and put 300 young birds on it. Twenty days later 97.5 per cent of the snails
were found to have been eaten up, even though the birds were fed on grain during this
period. In the following year, 37 hectares, which had been cleared of snails by
1,000 chickens, were used for maintaining 70 uninfected lambs and a flock of sheep
infected with D. dendriticum. By September, only 6.3 per cent of the lambs had
acquired infection, while all the 90 control lambs, kept on a pasture from which
the snails had not been cleared by birds, had become positive for the parasite.
The authors carried out another observation on the effect of cultivating lucerne
on the snail population. They found that when lambs were put on a pasture, which
had been cultivated for lucerne for two years, only 10.8 per cent of them had acquired
the infection.
Even the 6.3 per cent and 10.8 per cent infections among the lambs had, in their
opinion, resulted from previous grazing near the stabling. (H.D.S.)
MGIPC—M—28AR/57.—11-2-58,—1,300.
ANNUAL REPORT
on the
Working of the Assam Mental Hospital,
Tezpur,
FOR THE YEAR 1933
BY
COLONEL J. P. CAMERON, C.S.I., C.I.E., V.H.S., I.M.S.,
INSPECTOR GENERAL OF CIVIL HOSPITALS, ASSAM
SHILLONG
PRINTED AT THE ASSAM GOVERNMENT PRESS
1934
Price U. 10ih]
[Price Re. /-/,
\
P)
ANNUAL REPORT
on the
Working of the Assam Mental Hospital,
Tezpur,
FOR THE YEAR 1933
BY
COLONEL J. P. CAMERON, C.S.I., C.I.E., V.H.S., I.M.S.,
INSPECTOR GENERAL OF CIVIL HOSPITALS, ASSAM
SHILLONG
PRINTED AT THE ASSAM GOVERNMENT PRESS
1931
Price Is, 10<t.]
[Price lie. 1-1.
Agents for fcl>a sab<.£ Boak 8 published by the Ass*m Government.
Agents In India.
(I) Messrs. Thicker, Spink & Co.. Calcutta.
(10) The City Book Company, Post Box No 383, Madras.
(a) Messrs. W. Newman & Co., Calcutta.
(11) The Standard Literature Co., Limit**, 13*1, Old Cosvt
House Street, Calcutta,
(£) Messrs. S. K. Lahiri & Co., Calcutta.
(ia) The Standard Book Stall, Karachi.
(4) Messrs. R. Cambray & Co., 6 and 8/2, Hastings
Street, Calcutta.
(13) Messrs. Karsandas Narandas & Sons of Surat.
(5) Babu Hari Ram Dhar, B.A., Popular Library, Dacca.
(14) The Proprietor, New Kitabkhana, Poona.
(6) Messrs. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., 103, Meadow,
(15) The Association Press, Calcutta.
Street, Fort, Post Box No. 187, Bombay.
The Indian School Supply Depot, 309, Bow Bazar
Street, Calcutta.
(16) Messrs. Butterworth & Co. (India), Limited, Hastings
Street, Calcutta, Post Box No. a.
(8) M»«yt. Rai M. C. Sarkar Bahadur A Sons, 90-3A,
rfarrison Road, Calcutta.
(9) Messrs. Students 6 Co., Cooch Bihar,
(17) The Director, The Book Company, Limited, Bookseller* and
Stationers, 4/4A, College Square, Calcutta.
(iS) Messrs. Kamala, Book Depot, Limited, Book-sellers and
Publishers, 15, College Square, Calcutta,
AaSAM GOVBBNMBNT PUBLICATION ABB OBTAINABLE IK (xBBAT BaiTAlN DIBBO* PBOM THB OMI0B OF THE HlOa
COKKIUIOVEB FOB IXDU OB IHBOUGH ANY BOOK-SBLLlB.
SHI LLOWU t
PBIHTJD BT THB SuPBRlNTIMDBHT, ASSAM GrOTlBKKBKT PRISE.
Introductory
TABLE OE CONTENTS.
General.
Admissions, re-admissions, discharges
Escapes and daily average strength
Admissions classified according to-*
{a) Criminal lunatics
...
(b) Nationality, religions, sex and residence...
(c) Previous occupation
(d) Types and alleged causes of insanity
*••
»«♦
PAnr..
1
ib,
ib.
2
ib.
ib,
ib.
Vital.
Sickness and mortality
•••
ib.
Finance.
Expenditure and cost per inmate
«»•
*••
3
Employment of inmates
Accommodation
Inspections
...
Water-supply
General remarks
•*•
Miscellaneous.
•*•
•••
.».
«.»
•*•
•••
.*•
•••
•••
•••
I /
4
ib.
ib m
ib.
5
FR<
To
SIR
Me:
the
Me
the
De]
est{
feu
sui
i
we
of]
as
Id
lo-
an
2<
No. 3881.
OFFICE OF THE
FROM
To
SIR,
INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF CIVIL HOSPITALS,
ASSAM, SHILLONG.
Dated Shillong, the 5th May 1934.
COLONEL J. P. CAMERON, C.S.I., C.I.E., V.H.S., I.M.S.,
INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF CIVIL. HOSPITALS,
ASSAM,
THE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OP ASSAM,
TRANSFERREP DEPARTMENTS.
I HAVE the honour to submit my Annual Report on the working of the Assam
Mental Hospital, Tezpur, for the year 1933.
Lieut.-Colonel H. L. Batra, M.C, I.M.S., was in charge of the Provincial Mental
Hospital at Tezpur from the 1st to the 23rd January
introductory.
1933 and Br ^ N< 0howdhury> A . MS . (Senior), from
the 21th January to the end of the year.
Dr. Chowdhury underwent special training for 6 months at the Ranchi
Mental Hospital prior to assuming charge as whole-time Medical Superintendent of
the Tezpur Mental Hospital.
The Civil Surgeon, Darrang, now acts as consultant to the Hospital.
Khan Sahib Dr. Mokhtar Hussain, Sub-Assistant Surgeon, held charge as
Deputy Superintendent throughout the year.
The general staff remained the same as in 1932, except that the temporary
establishment of 6 male and 2 female keepers was made permanent and 2 more
female keepers were entertained during the year under report.
The appointment of an Assistant Matron was sanctioned during the year, and a
suitable candidate has since been entertained.
2. The number of inmates remaining at the end of the year 1932 was G28, of
.«,.-.'.
whom 523 were males and 105 females. During the year
Statement No. 1, Admission.
^^ ^.^ ^ patiQnts (134 mftles and l9 f ema les)
were admitted, including 8 re-admissions, all of whom were males. The total number
of patients treated during the year was, therefore, 781 (057 males and 124 females)
as against 718 (601 males and 117 females) in 1932.
Of this number, 70 were discharged "Cured," 11 discharged as "Improved,"
1 discharged as " Not improved" and 22 died, leaving 677 at the end of the year.
The percentage of recoveries calculated on the daily average strength was
10-79 against 4*77 in 1^32.
3. There were 8 re-admissions against 5 of the
previous year.
The interval from date of discharge varied from 21 days to 16 years, 8 months
and 16 days.
4. There were 4t escapes during the year against 1 in 1932. All were recaptured
and brought back to the hospital. The responsible
keepers were adequately punished.
5. The daily average strength was 618"50 agains
608*36 in 1932.
6. This statement deals with observation cases for
alleged lunacy.
Thirty-nine cases were admitted during the year, including 3 re-admissions, and
2 cases were carried forward from the previous year.
Ee-admission.
Escapes.
Daily average strength.
Statement No. I-A.
Statement No. II.
Of these 41, 26 were certified insane and admitted for safe custody and treat-
ment, 1 was certified and released under section 14 of the Indian Lunacy Act IV
of 1912, 7 were released as uncertifiable and 7 remained under observation at the
end of the year.
7. This statement deals with criminal mental patients. The year opened with
244 criminal mental patients and 32 (including 2
re-admissions after trial) were admitted during the year.
Of this number, 19 were discharged and 2 died leaving 255 at the end of the
year.
The daily average strength was 250*76 against 234-38 in 1932.
8. Out of a total of 145 new admissions classified by
religion, 115 were Hindus, 17 Mohammedans, 5 Indian
Christians and 8 of other castes.
Of these, 85 were natives of the province and 60 natives of other provinces ;
but most of the latter were domiciled.
No. iv—Previous
&• Cultivators and tea garden coolies furnished the
largest number of admissions.
10. As usual the majority of cases on admission were
found to be between 20 and 40 years of age.
11. The types of insanity of those admitted were
as follows :—
Statement 1N0. Ill—Religion,
Sex and Residences.
Statement
occupation.
Statement No. V—Age.
Statement No. VI.
Imbecility ...
Mania
Melancholia...
Delusional Insanity
Syphilitic
„
Insanity due to Cannabis Indica or its preparations or derivatives
Dementia Prsecox
...
...
...
Dementia (Primary or Secondary) ...
Total
4
81
5
2
2
12
46
1
153
_
i «- ■ »»- .\. i • i
12. Predisposing causes were known in 38 cases and
faSrs
S1
exciting causes in 37. Both predisposing and exciting
causes were known in 34 of these cases.
No cause was assignable in 104 cases.
VITAL.
13.(a) The number of admissions to thelinfirmaries was 245 against 291 in
. ,„
1932 ; and the daily average sick rate was 70'96,
S,ckne 8 s and mortality.
^.^ ^.^ ^ ^^ Thig exdu(les Cases of epilepsy,
the daily average of which was 31-22 against 81*16 in 1932.
(b) The following comparative statement shows the admissions for the more
prevalent diseases during the past 3 years :—
Disease.
1931.
1932.
1933.
Remarks.
1
2
3
4
6
Tuberculosis
Dysentery
Malaria
Influenza
Anorexia due to Melancholia
Exhaustion following Acute Mania
Diarrhoea
All other diseases
...
18
97
25
47
6
4
23
73
17
80
101(a)
". 5
2
12
68
11
58
44(a)
24
1
1
13
93
(a) Including
relapsing cases.
Total
293
29!
245
4
The principal item of expenditure was the cost of " Diet" which amounted
to Rs. 40,985-13-0, against Rs. 48,658-12-9 in 1932. The average cost per head was
Rs. 62-15-5, against Rs. 79-13-4 in 1932.
The decrease was due to the fall in prices of dietary articles.
The receipts from paying patients were Rs. 1,232-9-0, against Rs. 1,116-8-0 in
1932.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Employment of patients.
15. (a) Male patients are employed on cultivation of vegetables and sugar-
cane, manufacture of gur, jute, fencing of garden land,
cane and bamboo works, carpentry, masonry and the
usual domestic services.
Females are employed on paddy husking, preparation of spices, mending clothes
and other household works. Weaving is done by both male and female patients.
Special methods of treatment.
(b) The special methods of treatment adopted were—Hydrotherapy, special
dieting—including artificial feeding in cases exhibiting
active refusal of food, Occupational—therapy, Organo-
therapy and atrial of Sulfosin in a few cases of Dementia Præcox. It is not
possible in a report of this kind to enter fully into the results of these various treat-
ments.
Garden.
(c) The hospital garden continues to do well,
yielding some profit and a useful addition to the dietary.
Accommodation.
(d) The accommodation available at the end of the year, including all types of
wards, cells and infirmaries, was for 566 males and 124
females—or a total of 690.
The maximum number confined in any one night during the year was 684
against 634 in 1932.
Conservancy.
(e) Nightsoil is trenched in a selected site on
garden land and infected stools are incinerated outside
the enclosure.
Water-supply.
(f) Insufficiency of water in the male section still continues. An elaborate
estimate has been prepared for improving the water-
supply ; but in these days of financial stringency the
preparation of such estimates is mere waste of time. There is ample labour avail-
able for digging one or two wells and money can be found for the necessary expert
supervision and masonry work. What is really required is some initiative on the
part of the staff.
Dairy.
(g) A pucca cattle shed has been constructed to start a proper Dairy. Six
cows from the Government Cattle Farm were received
on the 7th March 1934.
Poultry.
(h) Fresh eggs were supplied from the hospital
farm for the patients.
Cleanliness.
(i) Great care was taken in the difficult matter of personal cleanliness of
inmates. Their clothing was boiled and washed weekly.
Clothing.
(j) Good and sufficient.
Discipline.
(k) Satisfactory.
Amusement and recreation.
(l) The inmates were kept amused with music and
suitable games. Literate inmates were provided with
books and news-papers.
Inspections.
(m) The hospital was visited once during the year by His Excellency the
Governor of Assam and twice by the Inspector-General
of Civil Hospitals.
Meetings.
(n) The Board of Visitors held 12 meetings during the year, and individual
members of the Board paid 7 additional visits.
The Female section of the Hospital was visited on two occasions by the Lady
Visitor, Sreejukta Hirabati Gohain Baruani.
5
Buildings.
16. There is no special accommodation for lepers, and a separate ward in each
of the male and female enclosures is required for segre-
gating such cases, providing accommodation for 10
male and 5 female inmates.
General remarks.
17. The health of the inmates was satisfactory during the year and the sick and
mortality rates compare favourably with those of the
previous year. The usual prophylactic measures were
adopted against Small-pox, Dysentery and Cholera.
The Superintendent has again put forward proposals for additional establish-
ment. One temporary clerk has been sanctioned recently, but the request for
additional keepers (10 males and 3 females) has not been sanctioned. To avoid
recourse to mechanical restraint it is essential for this additional establishment to be
provided.
The Institution was successfully managed during the year by Dr. Chowdhury
and his staff, and the health statistics go to show that the medical supervision was
very satisfactory. I am disappointed, however, in the garden and manufactory
profits which I had hoped would be considerably increased under a whole-time
Superintendent. This is under further investigation.
Khan Sahib Dr. Mukhtar Hussain continued to take a keen interest in his
work as Deputy Superintendent ; and I am indebted to the Civil Surgeon, Darrang,
for his services as Consultant to the Institution.
DATED SHILLONG :
The 5th May 1934.
J. P. CAMERON, Colonel, I.M.S.,
Inspector General of Civil Hospitals, Assam.
STATEMENTS.
Statement No.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
I—Showing the admissions, discharges etc., of lunatics in the Provincial Mental
Hospital at Tezpur during the year 1933 and the two previous years.
IA—Showing cases admitted for observation in the Provincial Mental Hospital at
Tezpur during the year 1933 and the two previous years.
II—Return of criminal lunatics in the Provincial Mental Hospital at Tezpur for
the year 1933 and the two previous years.
III—Return showing the religion, sex and residence of patients admitted into the
Provincial Mental Hospital at Tezpur during the year 1933 and the two
previous years.
IV—Return showing the previous occupation of patients admitted into the
Provincial Mental Hospital at Tezpur during the year 1933 and the two
previous years.
V—Return showing the ages of patients admitted into the Provincial Mental
Hospital at Tezpur during the year 1933 and the two previous years.
VI—Showing the types of insanity of lunatics in the Provincial Mental Hospital
at Tezpur during the year 1933.
VII—Showing the ætiological factors and associated conditions in the patients
admitted into the Provincial Mental Hospital at Tezpur during the year 1933.
VIII—Showing the cash account of the Provincial Mental Hospital at Tezpur for
the year 1933 and the two previous years.
IX—Showing the sanctioned establishment of the Provincial Mental Hospital at
Tezpur as it stood on the 31st December 1933.
X—Showing receipts and expenditures on account of manufactures in the Provincial
Mental Hospital at Tezpur during the year 1933 and the two previous years.
ii
STATEMENT
Showing the admissions, discharges, etc. of mental patients in the
1
Name of Mental Hospital.
Mental Hos-
pital, Tezpur.
1933 ... ...
1932 ... ...
1931
... ...
2
Remaining
from previous
year.
M.
523
476
434
F.
105
98
103
T.
628
574
537
3
Admitted.
M.
126
120
112
F.
19
19
8
T.
145
139
120
4
Re-admitted.
M.
8
5
6
F.
...
...
...
T.
8
5
6
5
Total population.
M.
657
601
552
F.
124
117
111
T.
781
718
663
6
Discharged.
A
Cured.
M.
63
26
42
F.
7
3
5
T.
70
29
47
B
Transferred to friends.
Improved.
M.
8
9
1
F.
3
...
...
T.
11
9
1
Not improved.
M.
1
...
1
F.
...
...
...
T.
1
...
1
C
Otherwise.
M.
...
...
...
F.
...
...
...
T.
...
...
...
D
Total.
M.
72
35
44
F.
10
3
5
T.
82
38
49
7
Died.
M.
19
43
32
F.
3
9
8
T.
22
52
40
N.
B.—Observation
cases
are excluded
The capacity of the Tezpur Mental Hospital is at 50 superficial
The maximum number of mental patients confined on any one night
STATEMENT
Showing cases admitted for observation in the Provincial
Name of Mental Hospital.
1
Mental Hospital, Tezpur ... ...
Year.
2
1933 ...
1932 ...
1931 ...
Remained on
the 1st Janua-
ry 1933.
3
2
Nil
4
Admitted.
4
36
19
29
Re-admitted.
5
3
2
1
STATEMENT
Return of Criminal Lunatics in the Mental Hospital,
1
Name of Mental Hospital.
Mental Hospi-
tal, Tezpur.
1933 ... ...
1932 ... ...
1931
...
...
2
Remaining from previous year.
M.
225
213
210
F.
19
15
17
T.
244
228
227
3
Admitted.
M.
28
31
27
F.
2
5
...
T.
30
36
27
4
Re-admitted.
M.
2
1
2
F.
...
...
...
T.
2
1
2
The figures in the statement