5
impassible on account of the horrible stench arising from this depot. Inside it
pits about 20 feet square and which are said to be 10 feet deep have been dug
When a pit is filled it is left exposed to allow its contents to consolidate.
19. This is a very unscientific way of dealing with the nightsoil, and
although I have given the same advice in my report on the town of Belgaum, I
think it well to repeat it here. A field should be chosen distant from any well
or drinking water supply, and a long trench 2 feet broad and 1 foot deep should
be dug and along side it at an interval of a foot another trench should similarly
be excavated. The nightsoil should every day be poured into it for a depth of
not more than 6 inches, and then covered over with earth excavated from the
trench alongside. If there is much liquid the filling should commence from the
lower end and in front of this but separated from it by a thickness of a foot
should be dug a pit 5 feet deep into which the ooze can percolate and fresh earth
should day by day be thrown over the ooze. When the field had been com-
pletely manured in this way it might be allowed to stand for three months and
should then be ploughed up crosswise when it would be found ready for culti-
vation.
20. I estimate that at least 10 new public latrines are required, 5 for each
sex, and there should be one nightsoil cart Bombay pattern for each 2 latrines.
This should make 2 trips or more if necessary a day, and the scavenging establish-
ment should be increased by at least 2 carts and 8 road sweepers as 2 men to a
cart are necessary. The present carts are not of a good pattern. The Bombay
tilt cart for the removal of cutchra is the best I know and could easily be procured.
21. The cutchra collected in the carts should not be as now deposited by
the side of the road near the Khanapur manure yard, but should be used for
filling in low lying ground on the south outside camp limits and each day's
deposit should be covered with earth. I may mention that I saw milch cattle
returning from grazing along the Khanapur road in the act of feeding on the
cutchra there deposited. Among other matters more attention should be paid
to limewashing the inside of houses. This a very cleansing operation and should ,
be done thoroughly twice a year at the Dewali and in the hot weather.
22. The wells ought to be covered. I saw them fouled with flowers, sticks,
grass, leaves, &c., and the water should be drawn up by an iron chain, and if
possible, by an iron bucket, or the people might use their own metal vessels
provided that these were clean; for which purpose a trough a little distance
from the well might be built. The surface below each well should be paved on
a slope leading to a gutter. The wastage water should not be allowed as now
to run out on to the ground, but should be conveyed through a glazed stone-ware
drain to the roadside gutter.
23. The European guard room in the bazar was in good order but the
privy attached to it is placed on the west, and the filth is removed from the
same side so that on opening the door on the east the smell was very bad. There
was no ventilation, but I was informed that after my visit immediate orders were
issued to fix a ventilator in the roof. The room for the native infantry bazar
guard also requires ventilation and the floor space is insufficient as the room
is only 18 feet long by 10 feet broad so that as the guard consists of one naik
and six men five of whom sleep in it at the same time, each man has only 33 feet
of superficial area. I think a larger room should be provided. The privy in the
rear was very dirty at the time of my inspection. The Pound for cattle is near
this guard room and its surface requires flagging. The cesspools in the bazar
should be cleaned out and filled up. The bathing water should be allowed to
flow in to the present roadside gutters which it could do if they were not blocked