NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE.
19
Except in 1884-85, the bulk of the failures in the First L.M.S. examination was in
Anatomy, and next to Anatomy, Chemistry was the chief subject of failure. In the
Second L.M.S. examination a large proportion of failure was in Surgery and Oph
¬thalmology and Operative Surgery. Changes in the staff have probably contributed
partly to the failure, but the Director is inclined to think that insufficiency in prac
¬tical instruction must have mainly contributed to the unsatisfactory results in the
above subjects. The Principal is requested to submit his opinion on this point.
If the time allotted to instruction in these subjects be insufficient, the time-table
must be revised. The Director will also be glad to learn the views of the College
Council. In the Preliminary Scientific examination of 1887, there were eight failures
in Chemistry and one failure in Chemistry and Botany out of twelve candidates;
and of the four pupils who failed in the First M.B. and C.M. examination, three
failed in Comparative Anatomy.
The Director observes that bye-law 211 of the University requires the passing
of the Preliminary Scientific examination before the commencement of the regular
medical studies. This rule appears to have been ignored. The examination consists
of Chemistry, Chemical Physics and Botany, and there appears no sufficient reason
why instruction in these subjects should not be obtained in the ordinary first-grade
colleges where they are taught and the Medical College altogether relieved of the
duty of giving instruction therein, a certificate of the Institution that a candidate has
passed the examination being simply demanded for admission to the college in the
senior department. The Principal is requested, after consulting the College Council,
to report fully on the question.
12. The Director is pleased to hear of Mr. Karney's success in gaining a com
mission in the Indian Medical Service, and he congratulates Assistant Surgeon Eyles
on the success which his work on "Malarial fever on the Gold Coast" has met
with, in being favorably reviewed by the Lancet .
13.
Second Department. —The second department consisted of forty-four civil
hospital apprentices, two Colonial students and eighteen female students. The
Director observes that these students are shown by the class reports to be equal
in general intelligence and industry to the apprentices of former years. It is
satisfactory to note that with the outgoing batch only thirteen students receiving
stipends from Government will be left. Civil Hospital Apprentice Venkataswami,
who failed last year in Ophthalmology, succeeded in passing.
6
21
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE.
Chipperfield medal. Mr. Mahoney, a private student, won the Sir Savalai Rama
¬ s w a m i M u d a l i y a r m e d a l f o r M i d w i f e r y . T h e B h a r a t i L a k s h m i m e d a l w a s w o n b y
Miss D’Abreu. The George Smith prize was won by Mr. Everard.
26. The Director feels pleasure in observing that the Principal acknowledges
the cordial assistance rendered to him by his colleagues.
(Signed)
H. B. GRIGG,
Director of Public Instruction.
( 22 )
GOVERNMENT OF MADRAS.
EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT.
READ—the following paper :—
From H. B. GRIGG, Esq., M.A., Director of Public Instruction, to the Chief
Secretary to Government, dated 19th September 1887, No. 6610.
ORDER—dated 7th October 1887, No. 555, Educational.
The Director of Public Instruction submits his proceedings reviewing the
report of the Medical College, Madras, during the year 1886-87.
2. The Government regret to observe that the state of the college, as dis-
closed in the Principal's report, was less satisfactory than in preceding years. The
number of pupils fell from 226 in 1885-86 to 215, which is the same number as in
1884-85; the class-reports of many of the Professors, and the results of the class
-examinations of the Senior class, were unfavorable; and the percentage of success
obtained by the pupils in the University examinations was both lower than in
former years and below the average to be reasonably expected. The Government
hope that the Principal and Director, who propose to consider carefully the allot-
ment of time for the several subjects of study and the best method of insuring
more thorough preparation of work away from lecture, will succeed in effecting an
i m p r o v e m e n t d u r i n g t h e s e s s i o n a b o u t t o c o m m e n c e .
3. The progress in the strength of female students studying in the college is
the most gratifying feature of the year's work. The number
of female students was 23, the increase over the preceding
years being considerable, and of these, 5 were in the Senior
Department—one reading for the M.B. degree and four for
that of L.M.S.
4. The Government note with satisfaction the foundation of a second Lane
scholarship, the grant of a scholarship to a female pupil of the college by the
Maharaja of Mysore, and the institution of two new medals, as well as of three
scholarships for women, by the Countess of Dufferin's Association.
(True Extract.)
1883-84
...
...
10
1884-85
...
... 11
1885-86
...
... 14
1886-87
...
... 23
(Signed)
H. E. STOKES,
Ag. Chief Secretary.
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT
OF THE CIVIL VETERINARY
DEPARTMENT, SIND, FOR
THE YEAR 1941-42.
KARACHI:
PRINTED AT THE GOVERNMENT PRESS
1947
Below Annual Administration Report of the Civil Veterinary
Department, Sind, for the year 1941-42.
No. 4925/G.-IV-3 of 1942-43.
OFFICE OF THE
DIRECTOR OF VETERINARY SERVICES, SIND.
Karachi, dated 27th August 1942.
Forwarded with compliments to the Secretary to the Government of Sind,
General Department.
2. Mr. J. H. G. Jerrom, M.R.C.V.S., I.V.S., who held this charge for
about 21 years proceeded on leave preparatory to retirement on the 20th
January 1942 and was succeeded by Mr. Bachan Singh, M.R.C.V.S.
3. The total mortality from contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases
was 6,365 as against 6,637 in the previous year. On the whole the year has
been fairly healthy for the live stock.
4. In accordance with the programme sanctioned by Government
2 more Itinerating Veterinary Dispensaries were opened, one at Badin in
Hyderabad District and the other one at Moro in the Nawabshah District
during the year. The District Local Board, Thar Parkar, and The District
Local Board, Larkana, also opened two and one veterinary dispensaries,
respectively. Altogether the department now has 32 veterinary dispensaries
in the province. The number of cases treated at these dispensaries was
43,572 as against 41,645 in 1940-41. The number of castrations performed
at dispensaries during the year under report was 5,250 as compared with
4,631 in the preceding year.
5. The work done by the district staff on tour consisted of treatment
of 70,448 cases for Contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases, 7,200 for
non-contagious diseases and castration of 2,428 performed in 2,635 villages
as compared with 69,145 cases for contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases
and 5,790 cases of non-contagious diseases treated and 1,684 castrations
performed in 2,334 villages in the previous year.
From the above it may be seen that the activities of the department in
its various aspects were well maintained.
6. The District Local Board, Upper Sind Frontier, held their Horse
Show at Jacobabad as usual and Government contributed Rs. 500 and a
L (IV)1825—1
2
silver medal and a cash contribution of Rs. 500 was also made by the Karachi
Race and Riding Club, Limited.
7. Partly owing to abnormal conditions and partly due to financial
stringency it has not been possible to increase the number of stallions during
the year under report with the result that the position as regards horse breeding
remains unsatisfactory, there being only 2 stallions in the province.
The total expenditure of the Department during the year under report
was Rs. 1,65,134 as against Rs. 1,53,041 in the previous year.
Karachi, 27th August 1942.
BACHAN SINGH,
Director of Veterinary Services, Sind.
3
Annual Administration Report of the Civil Veterinary Department, Sind,
for the year 1941-42.
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION.
Mr. J. H. G. Jerrom, M.R.C.V.S., I.V.S., remained in charge of the post
of Director of Veterinary Services, Sind, up to 20th January 1942 when he
proceeded on leave preparatory to retirement and was succeeded by Mr. Bachan
Singh, M.R.C.V.S., who held charge of the office from 21st January 1942 to
the end of the year. Mr. Jerrom attended the meeting of the Advisory
Board of Agriculture held at Delhi in April 1941. He also visited Willingdon
Cattle Farm, local Panjrapoles and supervised the Veterinary work in Ajmer-
Merwara from 1st April 1941 to 5th September 1941 on which date the control
was handed over to the Animal Husbandry Officer appointed by that
Administration. Mr. Bachan Singh also attended the meeting of the Advisory
Board of Agriculture held at Delhi in February 1942. He inspected
Veterinary Dispensaries and Stallions in Sind. He toured for 21 days and
travelled 2,820 miles by rail and 32 miles by road.
2. The post of Officer in-charge, Goat Virus Producing Station, was
held by Mr. Abdul Majid N. Siddiqi from 1st April to 10th July 1941 and
from 14th to 31st March 1942. During the interval from 11th July 1941 to
13th March 1942 he acted as Veterinary Investigation Officer and the Goat
Virus Producing Station was placed in charge of Mr. M. W. Mirza. The
Goat Virus Producing Station continued to work satisfactorily and supplied
Goat Virus throughout the Province when required.
3. Mr. H. S. Bawa, M.R.C.V.S., held the post of Veterinary Investigation
Officer, Sind, from 1st April 1941 to 10th July 1941 and from 13th
to 31st March 1942. He was deputed to undergo the Advanced Course in
Animal Husbandry at Izatnagar and other stations from 11th July 1941 to
13th March 1942 and during this period Mr. Abdul Majid N. Siddiqi acted
as Veterinary Investigation Officer, Sind. Mr. H. S. Bawa was on tour for
22 days and travelled 2,939 miles by rail and 175 miles by road. Mr. Abdul
Majid was on tour for 73 days and travelled 4,434 miles by rail and 508 miles
by road. Both the officers followed the programme of investigation approved
by the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research and a brief summary of
their work is given in para. 46.
I.—VETERINARY INSTRUCTION.
4. Nine Sindhi scholars were studying at the Bombay Veterinary College
at the beginning of the year under report. Three scholars were sent, one
of them left the College, and 2 scholars passed the final examination. There
were thus 9 Sindhi scholars at the Bombay Veterinary College at the end of
the year.
II.—TREATMENT OF DISEASES.
5. Table I.—Outbreaks of contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases
were reported from all the districts, the total reported mortality being 6,365
as against 6,637 in the preceding year.
4
(i) EQUINE CONTAGIOUS DISEASE.
6. Glanders.—One pony affected with Glanders was detected in Karachi
and the animal was destroyed under the Glanders and Farcy Act.
7. Surra (Trypanosomiasis).—The incidence of this disease was detected
in the districts of Karachi, Hyderabad, Thar Parkar and Sukkur. The
animals attacked were 40 and of these 7 succumbed to the disease, the
remaining 33 were subjected to treatment with Naganol or Antrypol and
survived.
8. Other contagious diseases.—Nineteen attacks and 1 death from
Piroplasmosis (Nuttalia equi), 4 deaths from rabies and 70 cases and 3 deaths
from strangles were reported during the year from all the districts. The
number of attacks and deaths from other contagious diseases in the previous
year was 12 and 6 respectively.
(ii) BOVINE CONTAGIOUS DISIEASES.
(a) Cattle.
9. Rinderpest.—This
disease was responsible for 43 outbreaks
656 attacks and 338 deaths in Karachi, Dadu and Larkana districts as
compared with 26 outbreaks, 282 seizures and 105 deaths in the previous year.
10. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—There were 28 outbreaks, 200 attacks
and 123 deaths in all the districts except Upper Sind Frontier as compared
with 23 outbreaks, 80 attacks and 80 deaths in 1940-41.
11. Foot-and-Mouth Disease.—This disease made its appearance in all
the districts. 30 cattle died out of 2,508 affected in 84 outbreaks as
compared with 107 outbreaks, 4,073 seizures and 25 deaths last year.
12. Black Quarter.—In 3 outbreaks, 21 animals were attacked of which
18 were reported to have died. No case was reported during the preceding
year.
13 Anthrax.—Two deaths occurred in Karachi and Thar Parkar
districts as against nil in the preceding year.
14. Other contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—One death
from Rabies, 2 from Piroplasmosis (B—bigeminum) were reported. There
were 11,750 attacks and 518 deaths from Liver Fluke, all the districts except
Sukkur being affected as compared with 1,145 attacks and 750 deaths from
Liver Fluke in the previous year. Although the number of attacks from Liver
Fluke Disease has been on increase as compared with the previous year, on
account of extensive treatment carried out with carbon tetrachloride the
incidence of mortality has been considerably checked.
(b) Buffaloes.
15. Rinderpest.—In 46 outbreaks which were confined to Karachi and
Larkana districts, 512 animals were attacked and 318 died as against 29 out-
breaks, 330 attacks and 169 deaths reported in 1940-41.
5
16. Hæmorrhagic Septiæmia.—This pest occurred in all the districts
of the province and was responsible for the death of 413 buffaloes out of
425 attacked in 35 outbreaks as against 247 deaths out of 272 attacks in the
provious year.
17. Foot-and-mouth Disease.—There were 36 outbreaks, 417 attacks
and 13 deaths in all the districts except Sukkur as compared with 52 outbreaks,
1,097 attacks and 11 deaths in the preceding year.
18. Other contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—Liver Fluke
infestation attacked 14,556 buffaloes with 719 deaths. From Parasitic
gastritis 9 attacks and 2 deaths were recorded. There were 2 attacks and
1 death from Parasitic gastritis and 11,605 attacks and 697 deaths from Liver
Fluke in 1940-41.
(iii) CONTAGIOUS DISEASES AMONG OTHER ANIMALS.
(a) Sheep.
19. Anthrax.—One outbreak involving 9 deaths was reported in Thar
Parkar district as against nil in the previous year.
20. Sheep-pox.—In Nawabshah district 891 sheep suffered and 35 died
as against 308 attacks and 91 deaths in the previous year in the same district.
21. Pleuro-Pneumonia.—One outbreak was reported from Nawabshah
district in which 10 animals died out of 15 attacked. Last year there were
60 deaths out of 150 sheep attacked in Karachi and Nawabshah districts.
22. Foot-and-Mouth Disease.—Two outbreaks were detected in Dadu
district affecting 510 sheep and were responsible for the death of 20 animals.
23. Other contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—The incidence
of Liver Fluke and Parasitic gastritis was recorded in all the districts, there
being 16,205, attacks and 850 deaths from the former and 470 attacks and
177 deaths from the latter. There were also 10 attacks and no death from
Contagious arthritis locally known as WAH. In 1940-41, 20,934 attacks and
1,578 deaths from Liver Fluke and 242 attacks and 76 deaths from Parasitic
gastritis were reported.
(b) Goats.
24. Anthrax.—Thirty deaths occurred in 2 outbreaks in Karachi and
That Parkar districts as against 6 deaths in the preceding year.
25. Goat-pox.—In one outbreak 30 goats were attacked of which 15 died
in Thar Parkar district.
26. Pleuro-pneumonia.—Twelve outbreaks were reported from Hyder-
abad, Thar Parkar, Nawabshah and Upper Sind Frontier districts affecting
1,204 goats and resulting in death of 907 as against 602 attacks and 471 deaths
in the preceding year.
6
27. Foot-and-Mouth Disease.—Three outbreaks were recorded in
Karachi, Thar Parkar and Dadu districts affecting 430 cases and causing
19 deaths.
28. Scab.—443 attacks and 140 deaths were reported in Karachi, Thar
Parkar and Nawabshah districts as compared with 30 attacks and no death
in the previous year.
29. Other contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—The diseases
reported from all the districts except Sukkur were as follows :—
Liver Fluke Disease ... ...
Parasitic gastritis ... ...
Contagious Mastitis ... ...
Contagious arthritis ... ...
Contagious abortion (cause unknown) ...
Attacks.
22,015 ...
318 ...
168 ...
306 ...
20 ...
Deaths.
1,336
76
3
5
0
There were 25,786 attacks and 1,871 deaths from Liver Fluke and
40 attacks, 20 deaths from Parasitic gastritis and 37 attacks and 2 deaths from
Contagious arthritis during the preceding year.
(c) Dogs.
30. Rabies.—There were 49 deaths in Karachi, Hyderabad (Sind) and
Upper Sind Frontier districts as against 53 deaths during the year 1940-41.
31. Other contagious disease.—119 dogs were found to be affected with
Piroplasmosis (P-canis and P-gibsoni), of these 15 animals succumbed to the
disease and the rest were treated. One case of surra (Trypanosome evansi)
was detected in Hyderabad district.
(d) Camels.
32. Surra. —Twenty-nine camels were detected to be affected with the
disease most of the cases occurred in Dadu district. Of these 8 animals died
as against 19 cases and 1 death in the previous year.
33. Mange.—This disease was chiefly prevalent in Thar Parkar district
and one outbreak was also detected in Hyderabad district. Altogether
210 animals were affected of which 8 died as against 335 cases and 34 deaths
in the previous year.
34. Other contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—Fourteen cases
and 4 deaths from Variola and 5 cases of Filariasis were recorded.
(e) Fowls.
35. The incidence of Fow-cholera, Fowl-pox, Spirochaetosis and
Coccidiosis was recorded. From these diseases 135 birds were reported to
have died.
7
(iv)
PREVENTIVE INOULATIONS.
36. The Goat Tissue Virus required for immunising cattle and buffaloes
against Rinderpest was prepared locally at the Goat Virus Producing Station,
Karachi, and 68,700 doses of tissue virus were issued to the district staff to
control outbreaks of the disease. The potency of the virus was ensured by
obtaining fresh brew of virus at regular intervals from the Imperial Veterinary
Research Institute, Mukteswar, and passing it in goats locally. The
expenditure on the Goat Virus Producing Station during the year under report
was Rs. 4,638 as compared with Rs. 6,341 in the previous year.
37. Table II.—Rinderpest.—In
46 outbreaks of the disease 17,435
bovines were vaccinated with Goat Tissue Virus as against 4,894 in the
preceding year. The mortality in these outbreaks was 625 in uninoculated
and 42 inoculated animals.
38. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—Serum
Alone inoculation was carried
out in 1,653 animals in 26 outbreaks, of which 5 died. The number of
uninoculated animals which died in these outbreaks was 252. Last year
659 bovines were inoculated against this disease.
39. Anthrax.—In 2 outbreaks, 60 bovines and 180 goats were inoculated
with anti-anthrax serum. The mortality was 1 cattle and 24 goats. None
of the inoculated animals died.
40. Contagious Pleuro-Pneumonia.—The method of vaccination introduced
by the Veterinary Investigation Officer, Sind, has been found to be
quite successful in checking the incidence of the disease. In 43 outbreaks as
many as 5,674 goats and 127 sheep were vaccinated with this method. Among
the uninoculated goats 693 deaths were reported whereas 106 deaths reported
to have occurred among the vaccinated ones. Last year 659 goats were
protected of which 3 died. From the above it would appear that the results
of vaccination with this new method as a control measure against the disease
are very encouraging.
41. Rabies.—Sixty-five dogs received anti-rabic treatment at Karachi
and Hyderabad veterinary dispensaries.
42. Distemper—One
dog was given distemper vaccine as a prophylactic
treatment.
43. Fowl-pox.—One
hundred and fifty-one birds were vaccinated in
3 outbreaks of which 2 died. The mortality among unvaccinated fowls was 17
(v)
OTHER DISEASES.
44. Table IV.—Veterinary Assistant Surgeons and Field Compounders
visited 2,635 villages, treated 70,448 cases for contagious and parasitic
diseases, 7,299 for non-contagious diseases and performed 2,428 castrations
on tour as compared with 2,334 villages visited, 69,145 cases for contagious
diseases and 5,790 for non-contagious diseases treated and 1,684 castrations
performed in 1940-41.
8
(vi) LABORATORY AND INVESTIGATION WORK.
45. Four hundred and eighty specimens of blood smears, scrapings,
faeces and morbid material, etc., from cases of Surra, Piroplasmosis, Anthrax,
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia, Strangles, Nasal granuloma, Tuberculosis, Mange,
Fowl-cholera, Spirochætosis and Coccidiosis were received from the subordinate
staff and examined. 247 of these were found positive. Specimens of brains
from two dogs suspected to have died of rabies were sent to the Haffkine
Institute, Bombay, one was confirmed for the disease.
46. A brief summary of work done by the Veterinary Investigation
Officer, Sind, is given below :-
(1) Contagious pleuro-pneumonia in goats.—With the help of the district
staff 5,670 goats were vaccinated with formalised lung emulsion, average
mortality among the vaccinated goats was 1.8 per cent.
(2) Wah.—Transmission experiments were carried out in consultation
with Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, and this will have to
be continued to draw final conclusion.
(3) Pneumonia in sheep and Encephalomylitis in goats were also recorded
for the first time in the province.
(4) The work on 'Pitto' or 'Gillar' in sheep and contagious abortion in
cattle was also pursued.
(5) The incidence of Spirochætosis, Ranikhet Disease, Fowl-pox was also
studied and necessary measures adopted wherever possible.
(vii) VETERINARY HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES.
47. Table III.—There were 27 veterinary dispensaries working in the
province at the beginning of the year and 5 more were opened during the
year thus making a total of 32 hospitals and dispensaries on 31st March 1942.
Of these, 2 are in charge of Salutris and are entirely maintained by the
District Local Board, Thar Parkar, and a third one also in charge of a Salutri.
but aided by Government grant. Six are Itinerating Veterinary Dispensaries
entirely maintained by Government and 23 are grant-in-aid dispensaries in
charge of Veterinary Assistant Surgeons.
The number of In and Out-patients treated at these institutions during
the year was 43,572 as against 41,645 in the previous year. Medicines and
advice were given to owners of 9,099 animals which were not brought to the
dispensaries as compared with 12,483 cases in the previous year. The number
of castrations performed was 5,250 as against 4,631 in the preceding year.
III.—BREEDING OPERATIONS.
(i) EQUINES.
48. Table VI-C.—There were 2 Stallions at stud during the year under
report, viz., one in Upper Sind Frontier and one in Dadu districts. Both
the stallions covered 75 mares as against 103 in the previous year. The
expenditure incurred on maintenance of these stallions was Rs. 1,197 of
which Government contributed Rs. 600.