NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
10
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
REPORT OF THE MADRAS LUNATIC ASYLUM.
IN giving over charge of the Madras Lunatic Asylum, I have the honor to
submit the report for the nine months ending the 31st December 1881. As this
report is for a broken period, I have omitted figures as far as possible and have
only given such facts as I consider of interest.
Buildings.—No new buildings have been erected. More detached cottages
for Europeans are urgently required. I have been put to great inconvenience at
times for want of them. The asphalt floors of all buildings have been repaired.
Some of the single rooms in the block of nine rooms have been much improved.
The tarred walls, which gave them a very gloomy appearance, have been scraped
and whitewashed.
Some other work and minor repairs, such as plastering, have been done by the
patients and their attendants.
The woodwork of nearly all the buildings requires repainting, and the paths
should be regravelled.
Population.—The number of inmates is increasing, and is now higher than at
any previous time.
Taking the number remaining on the 31st March 1880, it will be seen that
in the twenty-one months there has been an increase of 44 :—
Remaining on 31st March 1880.
Europeans and East Indians ... ... ... ... ...
Natives ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Remaining on 31st December 1881.
Europeans and East Indians ... ... ... ... ...
Natives
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Increase ...
69
177
—240
87
203
—290
44
This increase is principally due to healthy seasons and consequent low death-
rate. In the two years ending 31st March 1880 there were 79 deaths, while in
the last twenty-one months there have only been 33 deaths.
The average daily number was 278, the greatest number on any one day
290, and the total treated 361, or within 7 of the number treated during the whole
of the previous year.
Admissions.—Ninety-four patients have been admitted ; of these one-third were
Europeans and East Indians : 14 were criminals, of these 2 were Europeans :
12 were wholly or partially maintained by relatives ; only 3 of these were Natives.
Of the 94 admissions only 17 were for " Acute Mania," a much smaller pro¬
portion than in previous years. There was an increase in cases of " Melancholia"
and " Chronic Dementia."
Age.—Two-thirds were between 20 and 40; only 4 below 20. At this age
insanity is usually associated with epilepsy.
Assigned Causes.—It is well known that very little reliance can be placed on
the histories received with patients. I gave some instances in last year's report to
show how misleading they are. It is usual to divide the causes into " physical"
and " moral," and it is quite common to find a certificate filled in " Cause
unknown"—" Moral," and it seems to be the custom in filling in certificates when
really nothing is known of a patient to ascribe the disorder to " Moral causes."
On the other hand, if it can be ascertained that a patient has, at some time of his
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
13
There are now two First-class Warders on Rs. 12 and six Second-class
Warders on Rs. 10. Formerly there were only four appointments of Rs. 9 open
to the Third-class Warders. The pay of the third class has also been raised from
Rs. 7 to 8. The pay will be well earned by any men who do this duty. I have
had several applicants for these posts since the pay has been raised; before that it
was difficult to get any one to fill a vacancy.
The Official Visitors have regularly visited the asylum monthly.
Vaccination has been carried out.
I certify that the orders respecting the custody of poisonous drugs issued by
the Principal Inspector-General, Indian Medical Department, dated 23rd January
1863, were carefully carried out.
(Signed)
A. H. LEAPINGWELL, Surgeon,
BERHAMPORE,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.
1st April 1882.
(True Copy.)
S. L. DOBIE, Surgeon,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.
4
14
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ANNUAL MEDICAL REPORT
OF THE
LUNATIC ASYLUM, MADRAS,
FOR THE YEAR 1881-82.
I HAVE the honor to submit the report on the Madras Lunatic Asylum for the year
1881-82.
I.—BUILDINGS.
The rooms have been asphalted. The ventilation of the three single rooms
has for safety's sake being altered, slits being substituted for oval openings.
There are no quarters for the Second-class European Attendants and for the
Assistant Matron. If they had quarters in the asylum they could do their work
more efficiently.
There is insufficient accommodation at the female bathing place ; most of the
Native women have to bathe in the open.
The male bathing place (for Europeans, East Indians, and Natives) should be
covered by a light shed and surrounded by a four-feet wall on account of decency
and the sun. A similar arrangement should be built at the female bathing place.
II.—FINANCIAL.
(a.) The average monthly cost per patient, excluding the Superintendent's
salary, has been for the last three years as follows :—
Years.
1879-80
1880-81
1881-82
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
Europeans and
East Indians.
RS.
26
18
18
A.
0
6
9
P.
6
9
8
Natives.
RS.
14
9
9
A.
13
8
12
P.
11
3
10
(b.) Total annual cost of an insane under the various headings—
Establishment .. .. ..
Diets .. .. .. ..
Clothing .. .. .. ..
Bazaar medicines ..
.. ..
European medicines
..
..
1880-81.
RS.
82
78
4
11
0
A.
4
6
9
0
14
P.
8
8
3
7
4
1881-82.
RS.
77
80
5
9
0
A.
2
10
4
10
10
P.
5
3
10
3
4
(c.) Expenditure and Receipts—
—
Expenditure .. .. ..
Receipts .. .. .. ..
1880-81.
RS.
45,105
9,726
A.
13
3
P.
3
2
1881-82.
RS.
48,896
12,890
A.
1
2
P.
2
0
16
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ble clock to any number of points, is better, and the cost is much less. The
introduction of this system will be proposed.
The Sweepers (especially the male ones) have been much given to absence
without leave. They are always sure of employment and can combine, so they are
difficult to deal with.
The Dhoby is underpaid, receiving only Rs. 20 per mensem for the washing
of 300 people of dirty or careless habits. The washing has not been satisfactorily
done.
IV.—THE PATIENTS.
(a.) Remained on the 31st March 1881—
—
Males .. .. .. ..
Females .. .. ..
Total ..
Grand Total ..
Europeans and
East Indians.
51
27
78
Natives.
144
45
189
267
During the year the following were—
Admitted.
125
Discharged.
74
Died.
17
Escaped.
3
Total treated 392—Europeans and East Indians 117, Natives 275. The maxi-
mum reached on any one day was 302, and the average daily strength was 282 1/2.
—
Males .. .. .. ..
Females .. .. ..
Total ..
Grand Total ..
Remained 31st March 1882.
Europeans and
East Indians.
53
29
82
Natives.
164
52
216
298
(b.) Admissions.—Europeans and East Indians 39, Natives 86.
Re-admissions.—Two were re-admitted within the year, and 8 had been under
treatment here before.
The admissions were—
Military
..
..
..
..
..
..
Criminal (1 European Military) .. .. ..
Paupers maintained by Government .. .. ..
Do.
do.
by Local Fund Boards and Muni-
-ipalities .. .. ..
Patients partially maintained by relatives .. ..
Do. wholly
do.
do. .. ..
Total ..
27
18*
43
22
11
5
126
* One maintained by Hyderabad Government.
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
17
Of the 27 military patients 16 were Europeans. The 11 Native military
included 1 East Indian trumpeter. Of the 16 Europeans 1 was an officer, 8 were
artillerymen, and the rest were infantry. The majority of the infantry came from
Burmah. The remarkable proportion of artillerymen, considering the small
strength of artillery compared with that of the infantry in this Presidency, may be
accidental. As artillerymen are usually more intelligent, more occupied, and
better paid than the infantry, one would expect less insanity among them. But
I understand that there is a larger proportion of courts-martial in the Royal
Artillery. If this be due to greater drunkenness, one can understand the greater
insanity.
Two of the 16 soldiers were country-born, and so was the European military
criminal.
Of 7 European private patients—
Recovered.
2
Transferred.
3
Died.
1
Remaining.
1
Six criminals (murderers) have been under observation during the year. They
have been reported on as showing no symptoms of insanity. These latter are a
serious charge, as, being sane, they can make combinations inside and outside the
asylum for their escape; and by reason of their alleged lunacy they can commit
any crime with impunity to further their escape.
(c.) Types of Insanity—
Acute mania .. .. .. .. .. ..
Chronic mania . .
. .
. .
. .
. .
..
Melancholia .. .. .. .. ..
Acute dementia .. .. .. .. ..
Chronic dementia .. .. .. ..
General paralysis of the insane .. .. ..
Puerperal mania .. .. .. .. ..
Observation .. .. .. .. ..
Total . .
18
52
26
8
10
2
3
6
125
There were two cases of general paralysis of the insane : the patients were
educated Europeans—one 31 years, the other 50 years of age. Both had led some-
what dissipated lives. One was transferred, the other remains.
(d.) Causes.—As a rule no reliance can be placed on the causes assigned on
the medical certificates. Very little can be gleaned as to cause from the previous
history, and less in the case of ordinary Native patients than Europeans, East
Indians or criminals.
Physical.
Brain disease .. .. .. ..
Epilepsy .. .. .. ..
Fever .. .. .. .. ..
Intemperance .. .. .. .. ..
Hereditary .. .. .. .. ..
Narcotic drugs
..
..
..
..
Sunstroke ..
..
..
..
..
Childbirth
..
..
..
..
..
Syphilitic .. .. .. .. ..
Fall
..
..
..
..
..
Other causes .. .. .. ..
3
2
3
6
4
9
3
1
2
1
2
Moral.
Domestic trouble .. .. .. ..
Grief .. .. .. .. ..
Loss of property .. .. .. ..
Religion .. .. .. .. ..
2
4
1
1
Making a total of 44. Of the remaining 81 nothing is known.
(e.) Age—
5 patients were under 20 years of age.
79 do. were between 20 and 40 years.
36 do. were between 40 and 60 years.
3 patients were above 60 years.
2 do. ages were unknown.
5
18
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
(f.) Caste—
Europeans and East Indians .. .. .. ..
Hindus .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Mahomedans .. .. .. .. .. ..
Brahmins .. .. .. .. .. ..
Native Christians .. .. .. .. ..
39
56
18
2
10
(g.) Recoveries—
Disease.
Acute mania ..
..
..
Chronic mania .. .. ..
Melancholia .. .. ..
Puerperal mania .. ..
Number.
20
14
4
1
Percentage to
Admissions.
111.11
26.92
15.38
33.33
Total treated.
34.48
7.56
8.01
25
Years.
1880-81
1881-82
.. .. ..
.. .. ..
Number.
49
39
Percentage to
Total treated.
13.309
9.94
Early discovery of the disease leading to early treatment gives the best pros-
pect of recovery. Twenty-two patients were handed over to their friends. Friends
might do a great deal more in the way of taking charge of harmless lunatics, gene-
rally cases of chronic mania or chronic dementia; and the lives of these poor creatures
might thereby be rendered much happier.
(h.) Escapes.—Three patients escaped—one a criminal (under trial for theft),who
obtained a key, opened the padlock of his ward, and climbed the wall of the jail
by means of a plough and bamboo carelessly left about. The other two ordinary
patients escaped during the day from the grounds.
(i.) Sickness and Mortality.—The general health of the patients has been good.
There has been no epidemic disease, though cholera and small-pox prevailed outside.
Precautions were taken against the invasion of these diseases.
There have been 162 admissions into the asylum hospital and 17 deaths.
The principal causes of admissions into hospital were—
Fever.
Diarrhoea.
Dysentery.
Phthisis.
General debility.
The causes of deaths were:—
Phthisis pulmonalis .. .. .. .. .. ..
Diarrhœa .. .. .. .. .. ..
Dysentery .. .. .. .. .. ..
General debility .. .. .. .. ..
Atrophy
..
..
..
..
..
..
Erysipelas .. .. .. .. .. ..
Epilepsy
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total ..
6
4
2
2
1
1
1
17
As may be seen, most of the deaths were due to low wasting diseases to which
insanes, partly from reduced or disordered nerve power, and partly from the
depressing effect (morally and physically) of confinement, are so liable.
Treated in hospital .. .. ..
Died .. .. .. .. ..
1879-80.
180
32
1880-81.
291
23
1881-82.
176
17
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
19
Percentage of Deaths to Average Daily Strength.
—
Strength
..
..
..
..
Death .. .. .. ..
1879-80.
16
200
1880-81.
27 ½
82.73
1881-82.
16 ¼
104.61
Death-rate per cent. to Average Strength.
Europeans and East Indians .. .. .. .. ..
Natives (civil)
..
..
..
..
..
Do. (criminal) .. .. .. .. .. ..
36.92
55.38
12.307
(j.) Treatment.—Freedom from personal responsibility, the discipline of the
asylum, regular hours, good feeding, separation from habits of dissipation, &c.,
exercise, and occupation; these are the great remedies for the cure or alleviation
of insanity. Occasionally, medicine, to give sleep or to reduce excitement, is
useful, as well as ordinary medicines given to improve bodily health.
No conclusive evidence as to the good of bromide of potassium in epilepsy has
been forthcoming.
V.—OCCUPATION AND AMUSEMENTS.
These are most important aids in the care of the insane.
(a.) Occupation.—A great deal of weaving is done by criminals and ordinary
patients. This might be doubled if extra looms were supplied.
Gardening, by which vegetables have for half the year been supplied to the
asylum, has been carried on. Dr. Leapingwell planted many graft mangoes,
casuarinas, and jack trees with success. Dholl and gram crops failed from a surfeit
of rain. There has been plenty of work about the grounds.
(b.) Amusements.—It is not easy to keep up amusement for a mixed multitude
of Europeans, East Indians, and Natives.
Cricket and such like games are difficult to keep up with few patients here-
ditarily or by early training inclined towards them, and with no staff of attendants
to whom such games are familiar, so that they may take the lead in them.
At Christmas there was the usual treat, with sports, fireworks, and a band.
At New Year the Europeans and East Indians had a dinner provided out of surplus
subscriptions. If this concentrated joy were distributed through the year, it would
do more good. Native music, sweets, jugglers, and a few fireworks once a month
would, at a cheap rate, give pleasure to many.
Native books might be supplied to amuse several Native patients.
The Europeans and East Indians make considerable use of the asylum library.
VI.—THE OFFICIAL VISITORS
Have regularly visited the asylum monthly.
VII.—VACCINATION
Has been performed when necessary.
I certify that the orders respecting the custody of poisonous drugs issued by
the Inspector-General, Indian Medical Department, dated 23rd January 1863, were
carefully carried out.
S. L. DOBIE, Surgeon,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.
MADRAS,
26th April 1882.
20
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
LUNATIC ASYLUM, WALTAIR,
FOR THE YEAR 1881-82.
Remained .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Admitted .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Total treated .. .. .. .. .. ..
Discharged as cured .. .. .. .. ..
Do.
otherwise .. .. .. .. ..
Died
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Remaining .. .. .. .. .. ..
41
14
55
8
1
12
34
IN submitting the annual report on the Waltair Lunatic Asylum for the
official year 1881-82, I have the honor to state that 42 male and 13 female patients
were under treatment during the year.
Of these, 34 males and 7 females remained from the previous year.
Admissions.—There were 14 admissions during the year, 8 males and 6 females.
Of the males 4 are criminal lunatics, and the crimes committed by them are—house-
breaking by night 1, causing mischief by fire 1, misappropriating letters l, and murder
1. Of the 4 criminals admitted, the cause of insanity in all was unknown ; and of
the 10 civil admissions, little or nothing was known of their previous history, as
these insanes have apparently wandered away from their villages and friends and
have no one to give any information regarding them. These cases also are generally
in a bad state of health, resulting from neglect and privation on admission.
The ages of the several admissions were as follows :—
—
Under 20 years .. ..
From 20 to 40 years ..
From 40 to 60 years ..
Total ..
Criminal.
Male.
1
3
..
4
Female.
..
..
..
..
Civil.
Male.
..
2
2
4
Female.
..
5
1
6
The castes of the patients admitted during the year were—
—
Criminal .. .. .. .. .. ..
Civil
..
.. .. .. .. ..
Total ..
Mahomedan.
Male.
1
..
1
Female.
..
..
..
Hindu.
Male.
1
4
5
Female.
..
5
5
Other Castes.
Male.
2
..
2
Female.
..
1
1
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
21
The duration of mental disease prior to admission in the 14 admissions
was :—
—
Under 1 month .. ..
Between 1 and 6 months ..
Do.
6 months and 1
year.
Do.
1 and 2 years ..
Unknown .. .. ..
Total ..
Criminal.
Male.
..
..
1
..
3
4
Female.
..
. .
..
..
..
..
Civil.
Male.
1
2
..
..
1
4
Female.
..
1
..
2
3
6
The following shows the diseases for which the patients were admitted :—
Acute mania .. ..
Chronic mania.. ..
Acute dementia.. ..
Melancholia .. ..
Total
..
Criminal.
Male.
3
..
1
..
4
Female.
..
..
..
..
..
Civil.
Male.
2
1
..
1
4
Female.
5
1
..
..
6
Discharges.—Eight cases having recovered, were discharged—5 civil male and
3 female lunatics.
The percentage of cured to total admissions is 57.14 and to daily average
strength is 23.53.
The following table shows the names, ages, diseases, healthon admission, weight,
and residence in the asylum of the discharged cured:—
Name.
A. Ramasawmy ..
K. Nagabushanum ..
Nazur Khan .. ..
Guruvadu .. ..
A. Juggiah .. ..
G. Pydamah .. ..
P. Save
..
..
..
Mahalakshmi .. ..
Age.
25
55
43
30
50
35
35
30
Disease.
Melancholia ..
Acute mania ..
Do. ..
Melancholia ..
Chronic mania..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Acute mania ..
Residence in
the Asylum.
Y.
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
M.
5
5
4
11
10
1
7
2
D.
19
14
16
22
8
25
18
17
Health on
Admission.
Fair
Bad
Very bad ..
Indifferent..
Bad
Bad
Indifferent..
Do.
..
Weight.
Admission.
98
96
96
110
83
75
97
72
Discharge.
108
111 ½
111 ½
130
104
102
110
82
Deaths.—The deaths were 12, being 35.29 to daily average strength. Though
below last year's death-rate, it is still, I regret to say, high; but this is due to only
hopeless and incurable eases being retained in the asylum, many of these being
sufferers from advanced organic disease or impaired constitution on admission, the
result of privation.
Of the 12 fatal cases the health on admission was—
Fair .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Indifferent.. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Bad .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Very bad .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Not recorded .. .. .. .. .. ..
3
2
4
1
2
6
24
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
LUNATIC ASYLUM, CALICUT,
FOR THE YEAR 1881-82.
Remained .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Admitted .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Total treated .. .. .. .. .. ..
Discharged " cured " .. .. .. ..
Transferred " cured " to jail .. .. ..
Do.
" improved " ..
Died
..
..
..
..
..
..
Remaining
..
..
..
..
..
Average strength for the year .. .. ..
Do.
sick in hospital . .
..
. .
..
Percentage of cures to average strength.. ..
Do.
of do. to admissions .. ..
Do.
of deaths to average strength ..
Do.
of do. to admissions .. ..
1881-82.
55
36
91
18
1
2
5
65
59.60
1.40
31.87
52.77
8.38
13.88
1880-81.
47
29
76
14
..
..
7
55
52.38
.89
26.72
48.27
13.36
24.13
The above figures show the working of the asylum during the official year
under review. For the purpose of easy comparison I have placed the figures of
1880-81 in apposition with the figures of this year.
The subjoined table shows the remained, admitted, discharged, died, &c., of
civil and criminal lunatics during the year: —
Remained .. .. ..
Admitted .. .. ..
Discharged " cured" ..
Transferred " cured " ..
Do. " improved "
Died .. .. .. ..
Remaining .. .. ..
Civil.
Males.
27
23
10
..
..
4
35
Females.
17
7
6
..
1
1
16
Criminal.
Males.
10
6
2
1
1
..
13
Females.
1
..
..
..
..
..
1
Total.
55
36
18
1
2
5
65
The total treated is 91, which is the highest number on record.
The admissions during the year have been more than any previous year and
the patients are daily increasing. There were altogether 36 admissions, viz., 29
males and 7 females; of this number 6 were criminal male lunatics.
The number discharged was 21, viz., 14 males and 7 females, and of this
number 18 were discharged " cured," 1 transferred " cured," and 2 "improved"
were made over to their friends. I have taken 19 as discharged " cured " and
entered the number in Statement No. 1.
The following table will show the sex, age, and duration of disease prior to
admission, and residence in the asylum of the number discharged as cured :—
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
25
Names.
P. Vallappen .. .. ..
Ponnoosawmy .. ..
Mahomed Hajee .. ..
M. Embichi .. .. ..
Kallappen
..
..
Kalif Moideen .. ..
Alli
..
..
..
..
Coopen .. .. ..
Moidoo .. .. ..
V. K. Karoopen .. ..
Unnimarakar .. .. ..
P. Kunji Hajee .. ..
S. John Vyshen .. ..
Unniyatha
..
..
..
Polampothoomee .. ..
Chellakal .. .. ..
K. Pathooma .. .. ..
Unniperi .. .. ..
Coopoo .. .. ..
Sex.
Male.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Female.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Duration of
Disease prior
to Admission.
Y.
1
0
0
M.
0
2
8
D.
0
0
0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0 1 15
Residence in
the Asylum.
Y.
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
M.
9
2
1
8
8
7
5
5
4
4
4
3
3
0
7
6
5
4
2
D.
15
23
21
27
2
8
7
0
29
12
2
21
17
16
25
21
20
4
6
There were only 5 deaths—4 males and 1 female. These include the patients
I alluded to in my last report being in a lingering state from atrophy. The morta-
lity is less than last year,
The following table will show their age, state of health on admission, and the
immediate cause of death, &c. : —
Name.
K. Pathoo ..
K. Govunden ..
Moideen Kutti..
Rungan ..
Rama Marar ..
Age.
43
40
45
35
36
Sex.
F.
M.
M.
M.
M.
Residence in
the Asylum.
Y.
7
5
4
0
0
M.
5
2
2
1
1
D.
7
12
29
8
5
State of Health
on Admission.
Bad ..
Do.
Fair ..
Very bad ..
Fair ..
Disease.
Chronic mania.
Do. ..
Acute dementia
Acute mania..
Chronic mania.
Immediate
Cause of Death.
General
atrophy.
Do.
Do.
Paralysis in¬
sanorum.
Dysentery.
Remarks.
Referred in
last year's
report.
Received in
a dying
state.
The remaining on the 31st March 1882 was 65, viz., 48 males and 17 females,
and of this number 12 were male and 1 female criminal lunatics.
The subjoined table will show the name, age, &c, of the 13 criminal lunatics :—
Name.
Eramu
..
..
..
Sophia Hussain .. ..
M. Govunden .. ..
Ramanapoi
..
..
Balamokunda
..
..
Narayana Nair .. ..
K. Kunj Ali .. ..
T. Sungara Panicar ..
F. Rigley .. ..
P. Ramen .. ..
Karupa Konan .. ..
Tympa Chetty .. ..
Madah
..
..
..
Age.
35
49
36
61
27
35
36
49
24
35
46
35
35
Sex.
Male.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Female.
Caste.
Moplay ..
Mahomedan..
Hindu ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Moplay ..
Hindu ..
Christian ..
Hindu ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Occupation.
Cultivator
Sepoy .. ..
Cooly .. ..
Unknown ..
Priest ..
Unknown ..
Cultivator ..
Do.
Bugler .. ..
Nihil .. ..
Do.
..
..
Trader .. ..
None .. ..
Nature of Crime,
Causing hurt volunta-
rily.
Causing
grievous
hurt.
Murder.
Grievous hurt.
Theft.
Do.
Attempt to murder,
&c.
Assault.
Murder.
Grievous hurt.
House-breaking, &c.
Grievous hurt.
Set fire to a house.
7