NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
APPENDICES.
25
TABLE
3.—Statement showing Preventive
Inoculation
performed
during
the
year
1936-37—contd.
District.
(1)
Amherst ...
Thatôn ...
Tavoy ...
Bassein ...
Maungmya ...
Maubin ...
Pyapôn ...
Henzada ...
Prome ...
Tharrawaddy
Insein ...
Hanthawaddy
Pegu ...
Toungoo ...
Total Lower
Burma
Charges.
Grand Total,
for 1936-37.
Grand Total,
for 1935-36.
Katha ...
Myitkyina ...
Bhamo ...
Shwebo ...
Upper Chind-
win.
Lower Chind-
win.
Mandalay ...
Pakôkku
...
Yamèthin ...
Thayetmyo ...
Total, Upper
Burma
Charge.
Thatôn ...
Tharrawaddy
Insein ...
Insein ...
Hanthawaddy
Hanthawaddy
Total, Lower
Burma
Charge.
Method of inculation.
(2)
Rinderpest D. G. S. Vaccine.
Subcutaneous.
Anthrax Vacci ne. Subcutaneous.
Source of Product.
(3)
Veterinary Research
Labor at or y, I
ns ei n.
Veterinary Re s e a r
c h Laboratory, Insein.
Total number of vill-
age tracts affected
during the year.
(4)
... 8
... 8
49
21
23
3
... 2
4
12
49
47
226
1,772
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
...
20
...
...
13
35
Number of outbreaks
in which inoculation
was undertaken.
(5)
...
10
... 4
...
1
...
...
...
...
... 4
23
37
79
917
93
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
2
*
2
*
*
1
5
Number of animals
which died uninocu-
lated in course of
outbreak.
Bovines.
(6)
134
...
... 77
...
7
...
...
...
...
12
31
226
121
608
12,130
992
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
32
...
2
...
...
5
39
Equines.
(7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Others
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... ...
...
...
Number of animals
inoculated.
Bovines.
(9)
27,882
14,438
1,081
9,843
3,720
7,387
5,039
5,322
8,889
15,754
6,016
9,225
21,712
18,374
1,54,682
3,64,799
14,146
...
...
100
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
100
387
...
314
1,345
279
125
2,450
Equines.
(10)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
126
...
...
...
41
...
132
...
299
...
...
...
... ...
...
† Others.
(11)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 5
75
5
11
6
6
14
60
10
210
...
243
...
...
...
...
243
Number of inocu-
lated animals which
died of the disease.
Bovines.
(12)
35
67
124
25
15
6
128
2
9
13
8
8
49
2
491
1,645
85
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
Equines.
(13)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Others.
(14)
...
...
... ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Annual inoculations.
† Elephants belonging to Timber Firms and Forest Department.
26
APPENDICES.
TABLE 3.—Statement showing Preventive
Inoculation
performed
daring the year
1936-37— concld.
District.
(1)
Akyab ...
Kyaukpyu ...
Arakan Hill
Tracts.
Total, Arakan
Circle.
Various Dis-
tricts.
Taunggyi,
(S.S.S.).
Anthrax, Grand
Total
for
1936-37.
Anthrax, Grand
Total
for
1935-36.
Bhamo ...
Total, Upper
Burma
Charge.
Mergui ...
Myaungmya
Insein ...
Pegu ...
Total, Lower
Burma
Charge.
Akyab ...
Kyaukpyu ...
Sandoway ...
Total, Arakan
Circle.
Hæmorrhagic
Septicaemia,
Grand Total
for 1936-37.
Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia,
Grand Total
for 1935-36
Method of inoculation
(2)
Anthrax Vaccine.
Subcutaneous.
...
...
Ha e mor r
ha gic Septicaemia Vaccine.
Subc uta ne ous .
...
...
Source of Product.
(3)
Veterinary Research
Laboratory, Insein.
...
...
Veterinary Re s e a r
c h Laboratory, Insein
...
...
Total number of
village tracts affected
during the year.
(4)
35
...
...
35
.
...
70
...
2
2
32
35
34
2
103
48
28
2
78
183
...
Number of outbreaks
in which inoculation
was undertaken.
(5)
11
...
...
11
...
...
17
95
2
9
32
1
10
1
44
9
23
3
35
81
90
Number of animals
which died uninocu-
lated in course of
outbreak.
Bovines.
(6)
72
...
...
72
...
...
111
50
6
6
1,970
3
25
13
2,011
74
429
39
542
2,559
2,019
Equines.
(7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Others.
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Number of animals
inoculated.
Bovines.
(9)
5 844
188
...
6,032
...
...
8,582
10,540
517
517
5,600
276
520
115
6,511
2,532
7,910
760
11,202
18,230
8,679
Equines.
(10)
...
...
...
...
...
...
299
193
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
† Others.
(11)
...
...
1
1
2,671
3
3,128
3,149
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Number of inocu-
lated animals which
died of the disease.
Bovines.
(12)
...
2
...
2
...
...
3
...
...
...
10
...
8
...
18
...
27
...
27
45
54
Equines.
(15)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Others.
(16)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
- —
...
* Annual inoculations.
† Elephants belonging to Timber Firms and Forest Department.
APPENDICES.
27
Grand Totals of Outbreaks and Inoculations.
Year.
(1)
1936-37 ...
1935-36 ...
Rinderpest.
Serum.
Out-
breaks.
(2)
67
521
Inocu-
lations.
(3)
2,447
79,866
Vaccine.
Out-
breaks.
(4)
917
93
Inocu-
lations.
(5)
3,64,799
14,146
Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia
Vaccine.
Outbreaks.
(6)
81
90
Inoculations.
(7)
18,230
8,679
Anthrax
Vaccine.
Outbreaks.
(8)
17
95
Inoculations.
(9)
17,009
13,882
Strangles
Vaccine.
Outbreaks.
(10)
1
1
Inoculations.
(11)
331
360
28
APPENDICES.
TABLE 4.—Statement showing the work of the Veterinary College and the results during the year 1936-37
Veterinary College.
(1)
Insein ... ... ...
Total for 1936-37 ...
Total for 1935-36 ...
Name of course of instruction if more
than one course followed.
(2)
1 year
Verna-
cular.
...
...
Students given refresher course.
(3)
...
...
11
Number of Students
Admitted during
the year.
Scholarship holders.
(4)
6*
6
7
Others
(5)
11*
11
11
Passed final examination during
the year.
(6)
14†
14
21
Failed to pass final examina-
tion.
(7)
...
..
3
Remaining
under instruc-
tion at the end
of the year.
In ordinary course.
(8)
17
17
14
Instruction pro-
longed by reasons
of failure to pass.
(9)
...
...
...
Expenditure.
Salaries of Instructing Staff.
(10)
8,030
8,030
7,263
Stipends ‡.
(11)
5,011
5,011
3,306
Other expenses.
(12)
13,289
13,289
13,960
Total.
(13)
26,330
26,330
24,529
Employment of students
who passed during the
three years preceding.
Total number passed.
(14)
14
14
28
In service of Government or
Local Bodies.
(15)
11
11
28
In service of other Bodies or
Institutions.
(16)
...
...
...
In private practice.
(17)
3
3
...
Number unemployed.
(18)
14
14
...
* Enrolled in November 1936.
† Enrolled in November 1935.
‡ Includes scholarships for students trained at Madras Veterinary College.
APPENDICES.
29
TABLE 5.—Statement showing the deaths from disease in the Mounted Infantry
Ponies and Transport
Animals
during the year
1936-37.
Battalion.
(1)
Bhamo ... ...
Chin Hills ... ...
Eastern ... ...
Western ... ...
Northern Shan States ...
Southern Shan States ...
Reserve ... ...
Mandalay ... ...
1st Rangoon ...
2nd Rangoon ...
Total for 1936-37 ...
Total for 1935-36 ...
Strength of Mounted Infantry
ponies.
(2)
50
35
50
50
75
100
245
225
...
...
830
830
Strength of mules, ponies
and bullocks.
(3)
48
147
156
98
87
121
18
100
3
3
781
810
Number of deaths from all
causes during the year.
(4)
9
6
1
3
5
...
13
13
1
..
51
53
Months when heaviest
mortality occurred.
(5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
May and
July 1936.
...
...
...
...
Deaths from contagious diseases.
Surra.
(6)
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
4
...
...
5
...
Anthrax.
(7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
4
...
...
4
3
Glanders.
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
Epizootic
Lymphangitis.
(9)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Deaths from other causes.
(10)
9
5
1
3
5
...
13
5
1
...
42
45
Occurrence of Surra.
Station.
(11)
...
Tamanthi ...
...
...
...
...
...
Kanpetlet ...
...
...
...
...
Number of deaths
from each
place.
(12)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
4
...
...
4
3
3
30
APPENDICES.
TABLE 6.—Statement showing the number of animals treated and deaths from contagious and non-contagious
diseases in
the Federated Shan States during the year
1936-37.
Locality.
(1)
Southern Shan States—
Western Subdivision ... ...
Yawnghwe Subdivision ... ...
Central Subdivision ... ...
North-Eastern Subdivision ... ...
South-Eastcrn Subdivision ... ...
Kengtung Subdivision ... ...
Karenni Subdivision ... ...
Northern Shan States-
Hsipaw ... ... ...
Tawngpeng ... ... ...
Mōngmit
... ... ...
North-Hsenwi ... ... ...
South-Hsenwi ... ... ...
Total for 1936-37 ...
Total for 1935-36 ...
Contagious diseases.
Bovines.
Rinderpest.
(2)
583
...
4
...
15
...
40
368
...
...
565
32
1,607
3,514
Foot-and-mouth disease.
(3)
352
113
2,386
...
618
...
...
93
1
162
283
509
4,517
7,024
Hæmorrhagic Septiæmia.
(4)
...
...
38
(Anthrax)
...
...
...
...
...
2
1
(Anthrax)
2
(Anthrax)
...
43
9
Others.
(5)
17
...
83
...
38
...
5
...
3
6
...
1,132
1,284
740
Equines.
Anthrax.
(6)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
Surra.
(7)
...
...
...
...
13
...
...
...
...
1
95
...
109
79
Glanders.
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
5
...
...
5
1
Others.
(9)
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
...
209
214
200
Non-contagious
diseases.
Bovines.
(10)
673
303
896
...
1,357
...
325
708
236
316
1,852
...
6,666
7,735
Equines.
(11)
47
58
46
...
318
...
26
...
192
89
...
...
776
1,109
Totals.
Treatments.
(12)
1,674
474
3,453
...
2,359
...
396
1,169
434
583
2,797
1,882
15,221
20,449
Deaths.
(13)
187
6
41
...
28
...
35
253
2
37
453
34
1,076
2,478
APPENDICES.
31
TABLE 7.—Statement of Receipts and Expenditure for the year ending 31st March 1937.
Sub-heads.
(1)
(a) Superintendence ...
(b) Circle Officers
...
(c) Subordinate Estab-
lishment.
(d) Expenses in connec-
tion with Epizootic
diseases.
(e) Veterinary Instruc-
tion.
(f) Veterinary
Re-
search.
(g) Expenditure
on
Veterinary Services
in connection with
Economic Develop-
ment and Improve-
ment
of Rural
Areas.
B.—Veterinary Receipts
Total for 1936-37 ...
Total for 1935-36 ..
Expenditure.
Provincial.†
Non-Voted.
(2)
Rs.
Nil
16,071
*2,203
...
...
...
...
...
18,274
20,240
Voted.
(3)
Rs.
51,372
19,103
3,03,382
16,310
26,330
70,048
362
...
4,86,907
4,45,063
† Local.
(4)
Rs.
...
...
10,035
...
...
...
...
...
10,035
5,975
Total.
(5)
Rs.
51,372
35,174
3,15,620
16,310
26,330
70,048
362
...
5,15,216
4,71,278
1935-36.
(6)
Rs.
46,616
30,266
2,93,378
32,789
24,764
43,465
...
...
4,71,278
...
Increase or
decrease
over the
under
previous
year.
(7)
Rs.
+ 4,756
+ 4,908
+ 22,242
- 16,479
+ 1,566
+ 26,583
+ 362
...
+ 43,938
...
Receipts.
Departmental.
(8)
Rs
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
7,192
7,192
2,032
Donation or
Contribution.
(9)
Rs.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
10,000
10,000
Nil
Total.
(10)
Rs.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
17,192
17,192
2,032
Remarks.
(11)
* Backward Tracts.
† Accountant-General's figures.
‡ As furnished by Chairmen, District Councils and Deputy Commissioners.
G.B.C.P.O.—No. 36, D.V.S., 16-12-37—240.
REPORT
ON THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT
BURMA
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 3 1st MARCH 1938
RANGOON
SUPDT., GOVT. PRINTING AND STATIONERY, BURMA
1938
Price,—Rs. 2 = 3s.]
LIST OF AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF
GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS.
IN BURMA.
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSION PRESS,
Rangoon.
BISWAS & Co., 226, Lewis Street, Rangoon.
BRITISH BURMA PRESS BRANCH, Rangoon.
BURMA BOOK CLUB, LTD., POST BOX No. 1068, Rangoon.
CITY BOOK CLUB, 98, Phayre Street, Rangoon.
CONTINENTAL TRADING Co., 363, Lower Main Road, Moulmein,
MESSRS, K. BIN HOON & SONS, Nyaunglebin.
MAUNGQ LU GALE Law. Book Depôt, 42, Ayo-o-gale, Mandalay.
NEW LIGHT OK BURMA PRESS, 61, Sule Pagoda Road, Rangoon
PROPRIETOR, THU DHAMA WADI PRESS, 16—80, Maung Khine Street,
Rangoon.
RANGOON TIMES PRESS, Rangoon.
IN INDIA.
BOOK CO., LTD. 4/4A.College Square, Calcutta,
BUTTERWORTH & CO (INDIA), LTD. Calcutta,
CITY BOOK Co., Post Box No. 283, Madras.
D. B. TARAPOREVALA, SONS& Co., Bombay,
HIGGINBOTRAM & Co., Madras.
MESSRS, SAMPSON WILLIAM & Co., Cawnpore, United Provinces.
MR. RAM NARAIN LAL, Proprietor, National Press, Katra, Allahabad.
S. K. LAHIRI & Co., 56, College Street, Calcutta.
THACKER, SPINK & Co., (1933) Ltd., 3, Esplanade East, Calcutta.
THACKER & Co., LTD., Bombay.
W. NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta.
IN EUROPE AND AMERICA.
The publications are obtainable either direct from THE HIGH COMMIS-
SIONER FOR INDIA Public Department, India House. Aldwych.
London, W.C. 2, or through any bookseller.
REPORT
ON THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT
BURMA
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31st MARCH 1938
RANGOON
SUPDT., GOVT. PRINTING AND STATIONERY, BURMA
1938
INDEX.
CHAPTER I.—Organization and Staff ...
...
CHAPTER II.—Treatment of General Diseases
...
CHAPTER III.—Contagious Diseases of Animals
...
CHAPTER IV.—Veterinary Education
...
...
CHAPTER V.—Veterinary Research Laboratory, Insein
CHAPTER VI.—Stock Breeding
...
...
CHAPTER VII.—Summary and Recommendations
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
PAGE
1—3
3 &4
4—10
10—12
12—16
16 & 17
17—24
REPORT
OF THE
Civil Veterinary Department, Burma
For the year ending the 31st March 1938.
CHAPTER I.—ORGANIZATION AND STAFF.
The organization of the work of the Department remained unchanged
during the year.
Headquarters.—Mr. D. T. Mitchell, M.R.C.V.S., was in charge as
Director from the beginning of the year until his departure for leave
on November 17th, 1937. He resumed charge on his return on 8th
February 1938.
During his absence Captain S. R. Rippon, M.R.C.V.S., I.V.S., Deputy
Director, officiated in the post.
Field Staff.—The Lower Burma Charge was under the direction of
Captain S. R. Rippon, M.R.C.V.S., I.V.S., Deputy Director, during the
year except for the period during which he officiated as Director and
from the 1st March 1938 to the end of the year, when he was on
overseas leave. U Nyan Kyaw, G.B.V.C., Veterinary Superintendent,
held charge of the duties of the post of Deputy Director, Lower Burma
Charge, from November 16th, 1937, to February 9th, 1938, and again
from 28th February 1938 to 31st March 1938.
The staff in the Lower Burma Charge consisted of one Deputy
Director, three Veterinary Superintendents in Circle charges, thirteen
Veterinary Inspectors in Districts, and 67 Veterinary Assistants in
Townships.
U Pe Than, G.B.V.C., A.T.M., Deputy Director, remained in control
of the Upper Burma Charge during the year. His staff consisted of
three Veterinary Superintendents, fourteen Veterinary Inspectors, and
seventy-two Veterinary Assistants.
Arakan Circle.—This circle, which is under the immediate control
of the Director, was in charge of U Aung Tun U, G.B.V.C., Veterinary
Superintendent, up to 1st November 1937, when he was transferred to
South-Western Circle, vice U Saw Hla U, G.B.V.C., Veterinary
Superintendent, transferred to Arakan. This latter officer remained in
charge of the Arakan Circle to the end of the year.
2
REPORT OF THE CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, BURMA,
The staff in the Arakan Circle consisted of one Veterinary
Superintendent, two Veterinary Inspectors and thirteen Veterinary
Assistants.
VETERINARY RESEARCH LABORATORY, INSEIN, AND VETERINARY
COLLEGE.
Mr. Bhattacharjee, B.Sc., M.R.C.V.S., F.C.S., officiated as Research
Officer and Principal during the absence of Mr. G. Pfaff. B.Sc.,
M.R.C.V.S., on leave, from the beginning of the year to 6th November
1937, when he reverted to the post of officiating Veterinary Research
Officer.
Mr. Pfaff resumed control of these duties on his return on the above
date and remained in charge until the end of the year.
Mr. M. H. V. Brown, B.V.Sc., Temporary Research Officer, carried
out duties in the Research Laboratory and Veterinary College Sections
during the year.
The staff at the Veterinary Research Laboratory and Veterinary
College consisted of one Veterinary Inspector, five Veterinary Assistants ;
and one Assistant Principal, one Veterinary Inspector, one Veterinary
Assistant, respectively.
NEW APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS.
Six students who graduated from the Veterinary College, Madras,
and three from the Veterinary College, Calcutta, on completion of
post-graduate training at the Insein Veterinary College, were posted to
District charges. These were the first graduates trained in Indian
Colleges to be appointed under the Departmental reorganization, given
effect to in 1934.
Thirteen Veterinary Students, who completed the Veterinary
Assistant's Course at Insein, were posted to Township charges during
the year.
Clerical Establishment.—In the Headquarters office of the Depart-
ment the following new clerical appointments were sanctioned during
the year :—
One Upper Division Clerk and two Lower Division Clerks.
VACANT POSTS IN THE DEPARTMENT.
(a) Burma Veterinary Service. Class I.—All six posts in the
sanctioned cadre were filled during the year.
(b) Burma Veterinary Service, Class II.—One post remained vacant
during the year in the sanctioned cadre of nine posts.
(c) Burma Subordinate Veterinary Service.—(1) Eight posts were
vacant in the cadre of 39 posts for Veterinary Inspectors ; and
there were (2) nine vacancies in the cadre of Veterinary Assistants.
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 3lST MARCH 1938.
3
Staff changes.
Deaths ...
Retirements
Resignations
Reversions
Promotions
Removals
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Veterinary
Inspectors.
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
Veterinary
Assistants.
1
...
1
...
2
1
5
CHAPTER II.—TREATMENT OF GENERAL
DISEASES.
1. Field Work.—The Subordinate staff recorded the treatment of a
total of 27,836 cases during the year. In the previous year the numbers
treated were 23,968. The majority of these cases were met with in
villages during the tours of the staff. Each assistant is equipped with a
portable medical and surgical case and is capable of dealing with
ordinary cases of diseases which are reported to him, mainly wounds,
digestive troubles, and parasitic infections. The educational value of
this service is more important than the actual treatments as cases are
seldom seen for a second time, but owners are instructed in the use of
dressings or medicines which are supplied for further treatment.
2. Veterinary Hospital, Insein.—The total number of treatments
given to cases during the year was 3,238 ; of these 1,641 were new
cases and the remainder returns for treatment. The total for 1936-37
was 1,573.
The new cases were made up of :—Horses 34, Bovines 289, Goats 79,
Dogs 1,154, and Others 85. Twenty-nine in-patients were treated
during the year and 17 castrations were performed.
The system of charging for treatment at this Veterinary Hospital
was continued but the officer in charge was allowed more latitude in
imposing charges on the owners of patients.
The following statement shows the diseases for which treatments
were given at the Hospital :—
Infectious Diseases—
1. Foot-and-Mouth Disease
2. Rabies
3. Distemper
4. Filaria Lachrymalis
5. Canine typhus
6. Demodectic mange
7. Sarcoptic mange
8. Tetanus
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
12
2
10
3
1
40
1
70
4.
REPORT OF THE CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, BURMA,
Non-Infectious Diseases—
1. Diseases of the digestive system
2. Intestinal parasites...
3. Diseases of respiratory apparatus
4. Diseases of the urinary organs...
5. Diseases of the genital organs...
6. Diseases of the nervous system...
7. Diseases of the skin (excluding mange)
8. Diseases of the eye......
9. Diseases of the ear......
10. Wounds......
11. Lameness......
12. Castrations......
13. Other diseases...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
265
463
52
8
92
2
72
72
48
271
49
17
160
1,571
The total receipts for the treatment of animals at this Hospital
were Rs. 1,811-9. The amount collected on this account in 1936-37
was Rs 1,471-8-0.
3. Veterinary Dispensary at the Rural Reconstruction Unit, Tatkôn.—
This dispensary was opened at the end of 1936-37 under the charge
of a Veterinary Assistant who was replaced during this year by a
Veterinary Inspector.
Most of the animals treated were affected with injuries, e.g., cuts,
abscesses, yoke-gall. The remaining cases were suffering from debility
and digestive trouble.
The work done at the dispensary during the year was as follows :—
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
New cases treated
Returns for treatment
Animals from Tatkôn Village
Animals from outside areas
Out-patients ...
In-patients ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Medicine supplied to owners for treatment of
sick animals ...
...
...
Nos.
1,164
377
388
1,153
525
21
995
No charges for treatment or drugs are made at this dispensary.
CHAPTER III.—CONTAGIOUS DISEASES OF
ANIMALS.
INCIDENCE OF DISEASE AND MORTALITY.
1. Rinderpest.—The returns for this disease showed a considerable
drop in the mortality throughout Burma during 1937-38. The
following districts remained uninfected during the year:—Bassein,
Myaungmya, Henzada, Minbu, Lower Chindwin, Kyaukpyu, Sandoway,
Salween, Tavoy, and Mergui. The districts where the heaviest mortality
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH 1938.
5
occurred were the cattle breeding areas of the dry zone and along the
main roads where free movements of cattle are continually taking
place. These districts were Toungoo (2,505), Yamèthin (1,793),
Myingyan (1,458), Pakôkku (1,252), Meiktila (960), Pegu (820). The
mortality in these six districts alone was 8,788.
Outbreaks during the year totalled 1,364 as against 984 during
1936-37. In spite of this increased incidence the total mortality from
this disease in all districts in the Province was 11,161 which is a
decrease on the mortality in 1936-37 by 19,910 or 64 per cent.
This decrease in mortality is directly due to the work of the
Veterinary staff in carrying out a continuous inoculation campaign
against the disease in clean and infected areas by goat spleen vaccine,
which produces a rapid and lasting immunity and has given excellent
results in cattle throughout the year.
The inoculation of buffaloes has not been so satisfactory as these
animals develop a more severe reaction on vaccination due to their
higher susceptibility and this has interfered with vaccination work and
disease control in some areas where buffaloes are numerous. Although
severe reactions in buffaloes have not been general, but localized to
certain areas, news of these unfavourable reactions from inoculations
spread fast and far amongst the villagers and was used in order to
provide a reason for refusing or evading vaccination.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease.—The prevalence of this disease in 1937-38
has increased. Outbreaks occurred in fifteen of the districts of the
Province with a mortality of 328. During the previous year 98 deaths
occurred in fifteen districts.
With the free movement of animals which takes place at all seasons
of the year between districts and along main roads, a disease such as
Foot-and-Mouth which is so easily transmitted and gives such a short
period of immunity, is practically impossible to eradicate. Segrega-
tion of infected animals cannot be carried out efficiently under jungle
conditions and the movements of incontact animals are impossible to
control. Under these conditions the disease recurs at frequent intervals
and will continue to do so until such time as an effective method of
vaccination can be introduced. Except during the ploughing season
the disease does not cause much inconvenience to the cultivator as the
cattle are not severely affected and the question of loss of milk or
condition is not of great importance in jungle herds.
Owing to lack of isolation facilities at the Veterinary Research
Laboratory, Insein, the work on production of vaccine could not be
commenced, but provision has now been made to initiate the work as
scon as possible on the area of adjoining land now being acquired for
this purpose.
Anthrax.—The
incidence of this disease in the Province has
remained practically unaltered from the previous year. On breaks