NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
14
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ANNUAL MEDICAL REPORT
OF THE
LUNATIC ASYLUM, MADRAS,
FOR THE YEAR 1879-80.
Remained 1st April 1879 ... ... ... ... ...
Admitted ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Readmitted ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cured ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Relieved ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Disease changed ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Transferred to England ... ... ... ... ...
Absconded ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Died ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Remaining 31st March 1880 ... ... ... ... ...
227
134
2
51
21
None.
12
1
32
246
I have the honor to submit the report of the Madras Lunatic Asylum for the
official year 1879-80.
Surgeon-Major L. C. Nanney held the post of Superintendent for the first
seven months of the year. His report is appended.
No new buildings have been erected, but the latrines in the criminal enclosure
have been removed 10 feet from the wall, as it was found that they facilitated
escapes.
The roofs of some of the general cottages and of the Superintendent's bun-
galow will require attention during the year.
The roads and paths require regravelling. This can be done by the patients
if gravel be provided.
The so-called "Idiot enclosure," in which the greater number of European
and East Indian males pass the day, is a cheerless place, surrounded as it is by a wall
6 feet high, shutting out all view of the grounds. It would be much improved if
the wall were removed and a low hedge planted in its stead. The old bricks could
be utilized in repairing the roads.
The general condition of the asylum and its inmates is satisfactory.
The number of admissions is exactly the same as last year.
There is a slight falling off in the number of cures. The death-rate is much
lower.
—
1879-80 ... ...
1878-79 ... ...
Admissions.
136
136
Cures.
51
56
Deaths.
32
47
There have been no epidemics.
One suicide occurred—the first for many years,
There has been only one escape.
The number remaining under treatment on 31st March 1880 was 246.
Admissions.—There were 136 new admissions (105 males and 31 females).
Two are readmissions.
"Readmission" as here used requires some explanation,
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
15
Those only are classed "readmission" who are discharged and readmitted
within the official year. A patient might be discharged in March and readmitted
in the following April, but in this case would not be classed as a readmission.
The admissions consist of—
Military ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Criminal ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Paupers maintained by Municipalities and Local Fund Boards.
Do.
do.
by Government ... ... ... ...
Partially maintained by relatives ... ... ... ...
Better-class patients ... ... ... ... ... ...
20
21
28
55
3
4
186
The following shows the disease for which the patients were admitted:—
Chronic mania ... ... ... ... ... ...
Acute (recent) mania ... ... ... ... ... ...
Melancholia ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Acute dementia ... ... ... ... ... ...
Chronic do. ... ... ... ... ... ...
Idiotcy congenital ... ... ... ... ... ...
Puerperal mania ... ... ... ... ... ...
Observation ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
58
89
18
4
3
3
2
9
Of the cases of acute mania very few are admitted until some months have
elapsed from the commencement of the disease.
Under heading observation are included the following :—
One man (a murderer) recovered, but detained under orders of Government.
Four men (3 charged with murders and 1 with attempt to murder) who have not
shown any signs of insanity since admission, and who were not considered insane
by the Medical Officer under whose observation they had been prior to their
admission into the asylum.
Form 7 gives the supposed causes divided into moral and physical. Of the
136 admissions—
Cause unknown ... ... ... ... ... ...
Physical ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Moral ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
99
28
9
Cures.—The cures are five less than last year, being—
20.68 on average population.
37.5 on admission
as compared with —
1878-79 24.26 on average population.
41.102 on admission.
The cures are most numerous in acute mania, being 28 or nearly one-third
of total treated.
Melancholia comes next with 14.28 cured.
Chronic mania gives only 9 per cent, cured.
Deaths.—There were 32 deaths (25 males and 7 females).
During the first seven months of the year the death-rate was unusually low.
In the months of December, January, and February it was high, but on the whole it
compares very favorably with that of the preceding year,
—
1879-80 ... ... ...
1878-79 ... ... ...
Percentage of
Deaths to
Admission.
23.52
84.55
Percentage of
Deaths to Average
Population.
12.98
20.36
16
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
The causes of death were—
General debility ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ulceration of bowels ... ... ... ... ... ...
Disease of the heart ... ... ... ... ... ...
Phthisis pulmonalis ... ... ... ... ... ...
Atrophy ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Apoplexy (sanguineous) ... ... ... ... ...
Chronic Bright's disease ... ... ... ... ...
Dysentery ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Abscess lumbar ... ... ... ... ... ...
Enteritis (from swallowing gravel and sand)
...
...
Slough of the cellular tissue neck ... ... ... ...
Gangrene of the right lung ... ... ... ... ...
Paralysis ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Drowning ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
6
5
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
32
Of the 32 deaths—
Thirteen died within one year of admission.
Three were above ten years of admission.
Sixteen from one to seven years of admission.
Sixteen were in "bad" or "very bad" health on admission, and only four in
"good health." The death-rate of the criminals has been nearly three times as
high as that of the ordinary patients.
Percentage of deaths to average strength—
Ordinary patients ... ... ... ... ... ...
Criminal do. ... ... ... ... ... ...
9.59
26.80
Of the 13 criminals who died the health on admission is as follows :—
very bad ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Bad ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Not known (had been many years in the asylum.) ... ...
Good ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Indifferent ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
3
3
1
1
5
The criminals are treated in every way as ordinary patients, except that they
occupy the criminal enclosure. Their food is the same as that of the other patients,
and they have regular morning and evening exercise in the grounds of the asylum.
When sick they are treated in hospital with ordinary patients. The high death-
rate must be attributed to the bad state of health in which so many of them are
admitted.
The death-rate of the criminals has always been high compared with the
ordinary patients as the following table shows :—
1879-80
1878-79
1877-78
...
... ...
... ... ...
...
...
...
Criminal Patients.
26.804
25.61
37.83
Ordinary Patients.
9.59
18.88
22.5
One patient died from swallowing small stones and sand. He appeared to be
quite well when locked up for the night, but at 4 A.M. was found to be purging
and vomiting. He died 12 hours after admission into the hospital. At the post
mortem a quantity of small sharp stones and sand was found in the small intestines
mostly in the cæcum. He had on a former occasion swallowed a quantity of
cocoanut fibre.
The death from drowning was that of an ordinary patient who drowned herself
in the well in the female enclosure. Three ayahs were engaged at the well at the
time, but were probably chatting instead of attending to their work.
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
19
There are two Head Attendants, Bruce and Coleman, on Rupees 50 each a
month, who live in the asylum and whose sole duty it is to look after the Warders,
and 1 consider that it is greatly owing to careless supervision on their part that the
work of the Warders has not been more satisfactory.
The official visitors have regularly inspected the asylum monthly.
Vaccination has been regularly performed.
I certify that the orders respecting the custody of poisonous drugs issued by
the Principal Inspector-General, Indian Medical Department, dated 23rd January
1863, were carefully carried out.
(Signed)
A. H. LEAPINGWELL, Surgeon,
MADRAS,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.
1st April 1880.
20
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
LUNATIC ASYLUM, WALTAIR,
FOR THE YEAR 1879-80.
Remained ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Admitted ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Readmitted ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Total treated ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Discharged as cured ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Do.
as no better ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Disease changed ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Transferred ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Died ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Remaining ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
42
14
2
58
9
2
...
...
10
37
I have the honor to submit the following report on the Lunatic Asylum,
Waltair, for the official year 1879-80.
2. During the year 49 male and 9 female lunatics were under treatment; of
these 35 males and 7 females remained from last year.
3. Admissions.—There were 16 admissions during the year, 14 males and
2 females inclusive of 2 re-admissions; of this number 3 are criminal lunatics,
and the crimes they have committed are murder 1, and theft 2.
4. Of the 16 cases admitted it was found that insanity in 2 cases was the
result of bhang or ganjah smoking, in 1 grief, in 4 epilepsy, and in 9 no reliable
information can be obtained as to their antecedents.
5. There were 11 discharges during the year, 9 males and 2 females; of the
former, 2 harmless incurables have been transferred, one to the Cocanada Munici-
pality, and the other handed over to the care of his relatives in accordance with
G.O., No. 1,176, dated 20th June 1879.
The percentage of cured to total admissions is 56.25, and to daily average
strength 25.71.
The following table shows the names, ages, diseases, health on admission,
weight, and residence in the asylum of those discharged :—
Names.
Ramarow ... ...
Viswashevaraswamy ...
Veeraswamy ... ...
I. Nursimloo ... ...
G. Ramiah ... ...
M. Nagabushanam ...
N. Kamatchee (F). ...
N. Ramy (F). ... ...
Kongolo ... ...
M. Sooberoydu ...
V. Ramaswamy ...
Age.
26
50
39
22
32
26
43
16
30
50
55
Disease.
Acute mania ...
Do. ...
Chronic demen-
tia.
Chronic mania ...
Acute mania ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Chronic demen-
tia.
Acute mania ...
Chronic mania ...
Do. ...
Residece
in the Asylum.
Y.
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
6
5
M.
0
6
7
1
5
5
4
6
2
0
11
D.
0
27
12
15
20
6
28
13
21
20
6
Health on
Admission.
Good ...
Fair ...
Good ...
Fair ...
Bad ...
Fair ...
Do. ...
Indifferent.
Bad ...
Fair ...
Bad ...
Weight.
Admission.
79
108
108
86
101
102
78
57
101
103
94
Discharge.
88
120
124
98
111
120
87
77
120
116
87
22
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
Of medicinal agents, bromide of potassium has proved beneficial in epilepsy,
and hydrate of chloral in mania; morphia internally and hypodermically, mild
counter-irritation to the nape, cold douche, shower bath, warm and tepid bathing,
and exercise both morning and evening in the form of a good walk round the
asylum grounds.
Basket, date-mat making, and preparing coir for ropes are being carried on
by the inmates.
10. The asylum buildings are sadly in want of repair, all of them not only
being in a leaky condition, but requiring white and blue washing. The doors and
woodwork of the buildings require repair, and the wood suffers for want of paint.
The want of separate detached buildings for the segregation of violent and
noisy lunatics is greatly needed, as such separate accommodation is necessary
not only for the recovery of the violent themselves, but also on account of the bad
effect produced by their being confined in the same apartment with convalescents.
The whitewashing of the asylum has been taken on hand about the middle of
March agreeably to G.O., No. 404, dated 25th February 1880, but the broken
plastering ought to be put to rights before whitewashing is done.
The hospital has been repaired since last report.
11. Sheep-farming has been continued in spite of last year's failure, and the
amount realized this year by the sale was very encouraging.
12. One insane effected his escape at the close of the year, but was recap-
tured within a few hours by the warders.
13. The annual Christmas entertainment, which included a dinner, music,
races, and decorations, finishing up with a display of fireworks, afforded the patients
a great treat, and was evidently appreciated by many of them.
14. The cost of maintaining an insane during the year in this asylum has
been on an average Rupees 177-11-1, viz., diets Rupees 58-13-3, clothing Rupees
4-7-9, establishment Rupees 105-4-1, cost of medicines Rupees 2-10-11, and contin-
gencies Rupees 6-7-1.
The cost of dieting is recovered from the Treasury, and the other charges are
credited to Government by the Treasury Officer agreeably to Proceedings of
Government, dated 15th April 1875.
Criminal lunatics are wholly supported by Government, and civil insanes by
the various Local Fund Boards and Municipalities.
15. A meeting of the official visitors takes place monthly,
16. Conduct of the Establishment.— Mr. White, the Apothecary in charge, has
conducted himself to my entire satisfaction. He is attentive and zealous in the
performance of his duties. The Head Warder is a most intelligent man and has
also given me satisfaction. The Warders have behaved fairly well, better, I am glad
to say, than on previous years.
17. I certify that the orders respecting the custody of poisonous drugs
issued by the Principal Inspector-General, Indian Medical Department, dated 23rd
January 1863, are carefully carried out.
(Signed)
J. SMITH, Surgeon-Major,
LUNATIC ASYLUM, WALTAIR,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.
1st April 1880.
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
23
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
LUNATIC ASYLUM, CALICUT,
FOR THE YEAR 1879-80.
Remained ... ... ... ... ... ...
Admitted ... ... ... ... ... ...
Discharged cured ... ... ... ... ...
Total treated ... ... ... ... ...
Transferred to jails ... ... ... ... ...
Died ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Remaining ... ... ... ... ...
Average strength for the year ... ... ...
Do. sick in hospital ... ... ... ...
Percentage of cures to average strength ... ...
Do.
to admissions ... ... ...
Deaths to average strength ... ... ...
Do. to admission ... ... ... ...
1879-80.
41
20
12
61
...
2
47
45.26
.55
26.51
60
4.41
10
1878-79.
45
19
13
64
2
8
41
42.44
1.26
30.63
68.42
18.85
42.10
The above statement shows briefly the working for the year; the figures for
1878-79 are placed beside it for purposes of easy comparison. There was one
admission more this year, the numbers remained and total treated being less. The
numbers cured show a decrease of one. The death-rate has happily very much
diminished.
The buildings are in fair repair. The several recommendations suggested
and "sanctioned" still remain in nubibus, the scarcity of water in the hot
months (as now) being a great and crying want.
The subjoined table shows the remained, admitted, discharged, died, &c. (civil
and criminal), during the year:—
—
Remained ... ... ...
Admitted ... ... ...
Discharged ... ... ...
Died ... ... ... ...
Remaining ... ... ...
Civil.
Males.
25
14
10
1
28
Females.
12
3
2
1
12
Criminal.
Males.
3
3
...
...
6
Females.
1
...
...
...
1
Total.
41
20
12
2
47
There were 20 admissions during the year, 17 males and 3 females; of the
males 3 were criminal lunatics.
Discharged.—Twelve, viz., 10 males and 2 females, all civil lunatics.
The following table shows the ages, duration of disease prior to admission,
and residence in the asylum of the discharged cured:—
24
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
Names.
K. V. Avulla ... ... ...
Kemboo ... ... ...
N. Chappen ... ... ...
Nazareth ... ... ...
Pedro-prabhu ... ... ...
Pocker ... ... ... ...
Parachi-pavongody ... ...
J. Conceico ... ... ...
Imbichi Pennoo ... ...
Kunji Moideen ... ...
N. K. Andy ... ... ...
Charoo ... ... ... ...
Sex.
M.
M.
M.
M.
M.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
M.
M.
Duration of
Disease prior to
Admission.
Y.
2
0
M.
0
1½
D.
0
0
...
5
0
0
1½
0
0
...
...
0
0
2
0
2
6
0
1
0
0
0
0
...
Residence
in the Asylum.
Y.
3
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
M.
6
0
9
6
10
10
10
7
6
5
4
3
D.
21
17
11
29
16
12
6
13
11
23
28
6
Died 2—one male and female, both civil lunatics—as shown below:—
Names.
Santappa ... ... ...
Erulayammah ... ...
Age.
45
55
Sex.
M.
F.
Residence
in the
Asylum.
Y.
0
0
M.
8
4
D.
6
2
State of
Health on
Admission.
Fair ...
Bad ...
Disease.
Mania, acute.
Do. ...
Immediate
Cause of
Death.
Genl. atrophy.
Ch. diarrhœa.
Remarks.
Old age.
The health of the inmates has been very good.
Of the 47 remaining at the close of the year 29 have gained in weight, 5
remained stationary, and 13 lost weight, varying from 1 to 5½ lbs, individually;
this may lead to a heavier death-rate in the coming year.
The subjoined table shows the weight of each inmate at the close of the year:—
Names.
Kalu ... ... ... ...
Ahmed Kutti ... ... ...
Erumu ... ... ... ...
S. Gonsalves ... ... ...
Thummakaren ... ... ...
Raroo ... ... ... ...
Nayannah ... ... ... ...
Fakiry ... ... ... ...
Tharuvai ... ... ... ...
Kuttiya Govunden ... ...
Sophia Hussain ... ... ...
K. A. Hajee ... ... ...
Masilamoney ... ... ...
Kunji Royen ... ... ...
N.Thevasti ... ... ...
Modeen Kutti ... ... ...
Chathuppen ... ... ...
Chilla ... ... ... ...
Cheeroo ... ... ... ...
K. Pathoo ... ... ... ...
Pathooma ... ... ... ...
Rabia Bee ... ... ... ...
Dhulphee ... ... ... ...
Madolu ... ... ... ...
Weight at the
First of
the
Year.
LBS.
87½
93
109
135½
93¼
90½
106½
104
126½
101½
108¼
87½
110¾
117
101¾
109
101½
105
63¾
86
87½
98
100½
75¼
Close of
the
Year.
LBS.
88½
94½
109
132¾
93¾
90½
107½
99
124
96
109¼
83¾
112¾
113
103¾
103½
103½
103½
62¾
80½
89¾
98
103½
74
Names.
Chokki
...
...
...
...
K. Monickum ... ... ...
Unniyatha ... ... ... ...
K. Kunden ... ... ... ...
Maryan
...
...
...
...
Amhed ... ... ... ...
Alexis
...
...
...
...
Linga ... ... ... ...
Bimbalen
(new admission).
P. Vallappen
(
do.).
K. E. Kannaren
(do.).
K. K. Kunnen
(do.).
C.Tharuvai
(do.).
Cheradappa Naick (do.).
K. P. Kaunan
(do.).
Kollen Kannen
(do.).
C. Ambo
(do.).
V. Ithrose
(do.).
Luxamonan
(do.).
Mayandi
(do.).
M. Govondum
(do.).
Bee Bee
(do.).
Kathisaumah
(do.).
Weight at the
First of
the
Year.
LBS.
85¾
88
96
107¼
82¼
109
116¾
105
90
138
92
86½
106
67
96½
102
96¼
85¾
98
95
127
62
68
Close of
the
Year.
LBS.
80¾
88
97½
107¼
85¾
111½
111¾
106
98
140¼
96
90½
108¾
70
106
104½
102
89¾
100
96
127
73
78
ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
25
The average sick in hospital .55.
In no previous year have the number sick in hospital and the deaths been so
small as this year.
Treatment—The same as heretofore and mentioned in former reports.
Died is good—cost 3 annas and 4 pies to 31st December 1879. From 1st
January 1880 the cost is 3 annas per head per diem.
Occupation—Out-door.—Gardening, bringing part of the asylum grounds under
cultivation. In-door—weaving, coir mat making, tailoring, carpentering, black-
smiths' work, &c. A total of Rupees 174-4-7 were obtained from lunatic labor.
Amusements.—Native musical instruments are provided; also native games like
chess, draughts, &c.; the patients are taken for walks. Native sweetmeats, fruits,
&c., are also given occasionally to the inmates. Rupees 32-2-3 were expended
under this head.
The accompanying eleven statements show in detail the statistics of the
asylum for the year. Of the Rupees 174-4-7 obtained by the lunatic labor,
Rupees 79-2-8 were sent to the treasury, the balance spent in treats and amuse-
ments to inmates, purchase of necessaries for the asylum, printing forms, binding
books, &c.
Escapes.—None.
Epidemics.—None.
Second-class Hospital Assistant M. Lingasen, No. 957, continues to do his
work in a satisfactory manner.
Head Warder.—There has been no Head Warder since 3rd April 1879. The
work has been done by one second-class Warder on deputation allowance and one
assistant. Recommendation has been submitted for the appointment of one
Overseer on Rupees 18 and the two present Warders be given Rupees 5 and 2,
respectively, and called Head and Second Duffadars. This awaits sanction.
The Warders do their work fairly well, but require a very great deal of super-
vision. I have been obliged to dismiss three during the year.
Vaccination is regulary kept up.
I certify that the orders respecting the custody of poisonous drugs issued by
the Principal Inspector-General, Indian Medical Department, dated 23rd January
1863, are carefully carried out.
(Signed)
W. H. ROBERTS, M.D., Surgeon-Major,
1st April 1880.
Superintendent,
Lunatic Asylum.
28
APPENDIX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
I.
Statement showing the Admissions, Discharges, &c., of Lunatics in the Asylums during 1879-80 and Ten preceding Years.
Years.
1869 ... ...
1870
...
...
1871-72
...
...
1872-73
...
...
1873-74
...
...
1874-75
...
...
1875-76 ... ...
1876-77
...
...
1877-78
...
...
1878-79
...
...
1879-80
...
...
Remaining on
let January
from 1869 to
1870, and on 1st
April from
1871-72 to
1879-80.
Males.
96
95
105
163
198
235
251
260
275
241
227
Females.
48
48
43
61
74
87
81
84
88
74
83
Total.
144
143
148
224
272
322
332
344
363
315
310
Admitted.
Males.
68
57
115
111
136
119
144
120
113
120
131
Females.
18
7
34
33
38
45
32
46
35
51
35
Total.
86
64
149
144
174
164
176
166
148
171
166
Readmitted.
Males.
2
...
4
7
3
6
1
6
1
3
5
Females.
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
1
2
1
Total.
2
...
4
9
3
6
1
6
2
5
6
Total
Population.
Males.
166
152
224
281
337
360
396
386
389
364
363
Females.
66
55
77
96
112
132
113
130
124
127
119
Total.
232
207
301
377
449
492
509
516
513
491
482
Discharged.
A.
Cured.
Males.
32
19
29
46
52
55
76
41
67
53
55
Females.
10
7
6
13
9
22
16
15
30
28
17
Total.
42
26
35
59
61
77
92
56
97
81
72
B.
Transferred to Friends.
Improved.
Males.
9
13
5
4
12
8
15
11
12
18
15
Females.
...
...
1
2
1
5
2
6
1
3
6
Total.
9
13
6
6
13
13
17
17
13
21
21
Not improved.
Males.
13
7
4
2
5
9
13
3
1
2
2
Females.
...
...
...
3
2
3
...
1
2
2
...
Total.
13
7
4
5
7
12
13
4
3
4
2
C.
Otherwise.
Males.
3
1
4
10
4
8
6
4
5
6
12
Females.
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
Total.
3
1
4
11
4
8
6
4
5
6
13
D.
Total.
Males.
57
40
42
62
73
80
110
59
85
79
84
Females.
10
7
7
19
12
30
18
22
33
33
24
Total.
67
47
49
81
85
110
128
81
118
112
108
Died.
Males.
14
11
19
21
29
29
28
52
63
58
35
Females.
8
6
9
3
13
21
11
20
17
11
9
Total.
22
17
28
24
42
50
39
72
80
69
44
The capacity of the Madras Lunatic Asylum at 50 superficial feet per patient equals—
Males ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Females
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total ...
418
129
547
The maximum number of lunatics confined during any one night was of—
Males ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Females ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Total ...
182
67
249
The capacity of the Lunatic Asylum, Waltair, at 54 superficial feet per patient equals—
Males ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Females ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Total ...
48
12
60
The maximum number of lunatics confined during any one night was of—
Males
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Females
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total ...
35
7
42