NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
48
(3) ACTION ON SKIN AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN FROG.
Two frogs were taken; one received 1 c.c. of solution A intraperitoneally,
the other receiving 1 c.c. of solution B in the same way.
No difference between the two was perceptible. In both cases at the end
of one hour there was slight exaggeration of reflexes. In neither case was
there any apparent inhibition of the skin glands.
(4) PARALYSIS OF VAGUS TERMINATIONS AS SHOWN IN ISOLATED HEART OF
PITHED FROG. (See Plates XXVI and XXVII.)
A frog was pithed, the heart exposed and isolated, and arranged for
recording contractions, the vago-sympathetic having first been exposed on one
side and placed upon a pair of electrodes connected with a secondary coil.
A normal tracing was first taken (Plate XXVI, No. 1). The vago-
sympathetic was then stimulated for ten seconds (No. 2). On the application
of the stimulus all the muscular structures were thrown into contraction so
that the heart was retracted considerably, the tracing moving proportionately
higher up on the paper. Two abortive beats occurred after the stimulus was
applied and then the heart's action was entirely inhibited until the current
was stopped, when the heart resumed its former position and began to beat
again. The beats were slower and of less amplitude for the first 14 seconds.
Thereafter they were first normal and eventually of greater amplitude than
normal (No. 3) ; 0.5 c.c. of solution A was then allowed to flow slowly over the
heart and five minutes later the vago-sympathetic was again stimulated for
13 seconds. This time there was no stoppage, the contractions only showing
slight irregularity and diminished amplitude (No. 4).
The experiment was repeated with a fresh frog and using solution B.
Plate XXVII, Curves Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4, show the same phases as are described
above. Before the application of the drug, stimulation of the vago-sympathe
-tic caused complete temporary stoppage of the heart's contraction, whereas
vagal stimulation five minutes after the application of the drug failed to stop
the heart and led to the same results as occurred in the case of solution A.
Both the fresh and the old tablets, therefore, show equal activity in para
-lysing the terminations of the vagi.
These results indicate that the old tablets have not deteriorated and that
they possess activity equal to that of the fresh (1910) tablets.
Summary of results.
Aloin Compound. —The old tablets retain a very considerable degree of
activity, but have deteriorated to an appreciable extent when compared with
fresh tablets,
49
Ammonium Carbonate.— Both the old and the new tablets have deterior-
ated very markedly as compared with the fresh salt, but of the two tablets
those of 1907 show slightly greater activity than those of 1910.
Colchicine Salicylate. —Very little, if any, deterioration has occurred, the
tablets yielding results which vary very slightly from those given by the fresh
drug.
Euonymi Siccum.—These tablets retain a very considerable degree of ac-
tivity, but show some deterioration and loss of power when compared with the
fresh tablet.
Hydrargyri Subchloridum. —The tablets have retained their full activity
and give results equal to those of the fresh drug.
Phenacetinum.— S h o w s n o d e t e r i o r a t i o n w h e n c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e f r e s h
drug.
Phenacetinum cum Caffeinâ. —The phenacetinum gives results showing a
degree of activity equal to that of the fresh salt. The caffeine shows some
deterioration and loss of activity, not however very marked.
Pil. Plumbi cum Opio. —Tested against fresh pills, the lead in the old pill
shows activity equal to that in the fresh pill. The opium in the old pill has
decomposed considerably and is much active than that in the fresh pill.
Pil. Hydrargyri Subchloridum Co. —The old pills break up and dissolve
more slowly than the fresh. They have, however, retained most of their ac-
tivity.
Soda Mint. —The old tablets compare well with the fresh ones as regards
their therapeutic action.
Sodium Chloride. —Except for a minute loss of substance these tablets
have not undergone any deterioration.
Tinct. Camph. Co. —These show great deterioration and are much less ac-
tive than the fresh drug.
Tinct. Digitalis.—These tablets appear to have deteriorated considerably
when compared with the fresh drug except in regard to vaso-constricting effect
when perfused through the peripheral circulation.
Tinct. Opii.— These tablets have retained a considerable degree of activity,
but when administered to animals do not give results equal to those produced
by equivalent amounts of fresh tincture.
Zinc Sulphate. —These are in all respects equal to the fresh salt and show
no signs of deterioration.
HYPODERMIC TABLETS.
Apomorphinæ Hydrochloridum.—Rapidity of solution of the old tablet is
greatly diminsihed, the old tablets taking fifty times as long as the new to H
50
dissolve. Their activity, physiologically, is considerably less than that of the
new tablets.
P h y s o s t i g m i n e S a l i c y l a t e .—
T h e o l d t a b l e t s t o o k s l i g h t l y l o n g e r t o d i s s o l v e
than fresh ones. Physiologically no definite difference could be determined
between the action of the old and that of the new.
Strophanthin. —The action and activity of the old and of the new tablets
are practically identical.
Digitalin. —Solubility and activity are approximately the same as those of
fresh tablets, except in regard to the production of vaso-constriction.
Morphine.—There is no difference between the old and the fresh tablets
as regards quickness of solution and physiological action.
Atropine and Morphine Sulph. —There is practically no difference
between the old and the fresh tablets in rapidity of solution and activity.
In the carrying out of the experimental work which has been recorded,
and also many preliminary and additional experiments which have not been
recorded, I have to thank Mr. S. C. Banerjee, Assistant Professor of Physio-
logy, and Messrs. L. M. Ghoshal and M. M. Datta, Demonstrators of Physio-
logy, for much valuable assistance.
The following books and papers have been consulted :—
Squire's Companion to the British Pharmacopœia (1908) ;
The Action of Medicines, Lauder Brunton ;
The Physiological Action of Drugs, Pembrey and Phillips ;
Text Book of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hale White;
Essentials of Materia Medica and Therapeutics, Garrod ;
Elements of Pharmacology, Materia Medica, and Therapeutics
, W h i t l a ;
Manual of Pharmacology, Dixon ;
Outlines of Practical Physiology, Stirling;
51
The Effects of Chloride, Sulphate, Nitrate and Nitrite Radicles of some common Bases
on the frog's heart, Cook; (American Journal of Physiology, Vol. XXIV, p. 263,
May 1st, 1909.)
The Action of Caffeine on the capacity for muscular work, Rivers and Webber; (Journal
of Physiology, Vol. XXXVI, p. 33, August 27th, 1907.)
Strychnine and Reflex Inhibition of Skeletal Muscle, Sherrington ; (Journal of Physio-
logy, Vol. XXXVI, p. 185, November 29th, 1907.)
On the physiological action of the seeds of Garcia Nutans, Omphalea Megacarpa, and
Omphalea Triandra from Trinidad, Cash ; (Journal of Physiology, Vol. XXXVI,
p. 488, February 28th, 1908.)
Concerning the action of Curara and Physostigmine upon Nerve Endings or Muscles,
Edmunds and Roth ; (American Journal of Physiology, Vol. XXIII, p. 28, October
1st, 1908.)
The Action of the Alkaloids of the Papaveraceæ upon the isolated Frog s Heart, Hale ;
(American Journal of Physiology, Vol. XXIII, p. 389, March 1st, 1909.)
On the Munchi arrow poison and Strophanthin, Mines ; (Journal of Physiology,
Vol. XXXVII, p. 37, Nay 6th, 1908.)
CALCUTTA: SUPDT. GOVT. PRINTING, 8, HASTINGS STREET.
A D V O C A T E S L I B R A R Y .
AMMONIUM CARBONATE. FRESH TABLETS.
PLATE I.
CHART 1.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No 3.
No. 4.
AMMONIUM CARBONATE, OLD TABLETS.
CHART 2.
No. 1.
No. 2.
AMMONIUM CARBONATE. FRESH TABLETS.
CHART 1.
PLATE I.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No 3.
No. 4.
AMMONIUM CARBONATE, OLD TABLETS.
CHART 2.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 3.
No. 4.
X ANOTHER DOSE.
PLATE II.
COLCHICINE SALICYLATE, OLD TABLETS.
Chart 1.
No. 1.
No. 2.
X 1 57/.. DOSE.
No. 3.
No. 4.
X 2 DOSE.
COLCHICINE SALICYLATE, FRESH TABLETS.
Chart 2.
No. 1.
No. 2
X DRUG APPLIED.
No. 5.
PLATE III.
COLCHICINE SALICYLATE, OLD TABLETS,
Chart 1.
Muscle Curve, (a) Normal.
(b) Two minutes after application of drug.
(c) Five ,, ,, ,, ,,
Old Colchicine salicylas.
COLCHICINE SALICYLATE, FRESH TABLETS,
Chart 2.
Muscle Curve, (a) Normal.
(b) Two minutes after application of drug.
(c) Five „ „ ,, ,,
New Colchicine Salicylas.
PLATE IV.
CHART No. 1.
CAFFEINE, OLD TABLETS, EFFECT ON STRIPED MUSCLE .
CHART No. 2.
CAFFEINE, FRESH TABLETS, EFFECT ON STRIPED MUSCLE .
Normal.
PLATE V
CAFFEINE, OLD TABLETS , EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
PLATE V
CAFFEINE, OLD TABLETS , EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
PLATE VI.
(CAFFEINE, FRESH TABLETS), EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
PLATE VI.
( CAFFEINE, FRESH TABLETS ), EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART .
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
PLATE VII.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 1. Solution A.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 2. Solution C.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
A.
PLATE VII.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 1. Solution A.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART .
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 2. Solution C.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
PLATE VIII.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 2. Solution D.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 3.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 4.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
PLATE IX.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
TINCT. DIGITALIS; EXPERIMENT 5.
EFFECT ON ISOLATED HEART.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
PLATE X.
TABLETS APOMORPHINUM HYDROCHLORIDUM.
ACTION ON STRIPED MUSCLE.
Chart 1, Solution A.
Chart 2, Solution B.
PLATE XI.
TABLETS APOMORPHINUM HYDROCHLORIDUM.
ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART. Solution A .
No 1 .
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
PLATE XII.
TABLETS APOMORPHINUM HYDROCHLORIDUM.
ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART. Solution B.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
PLATE XIII.
TABLETS PHYSOSTIGMINAE SALICYLAS.
(4) ACTION ON STRIPED MUSCLE.
Chart 1, Solution A.
Chart 2, Solution B.
PLATE XIV.
PHYSOSTIGMINAE SALICYLAS .
ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART, OLD TABLET.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
PLATE XV.
PHYSOSTIGMINAE SALICYLAS.
ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART, NEW TABLET.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
PLATE XVI.
STROPHANTHIN.
(1) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART OF PITHED FROG.
Solution A.
No. 1.
No. 2.
x
Application of old Strophanthin.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
PLATE XVII.
STROPHANTHIN.
(1) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution B, first experiment.
No. 1.
No. 2.
x
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
PLATE XVIII.
STROPHANTHIN.
(1) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution B, second experiment.
No. 1a.
No. 2a.
x
No. 3a.
No. 4a.
No. 5a.
No. 6a.
No. 7a.
PLATE XIX.
STROPHANTHIN.
(2) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution C.
No. 1.
No. 2.
x
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6
No. 7.
No. 8.
PLATE XX.
STROPHANTHIN.
(2) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution D.
No. 1.
No. 2.
x
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
PLATE XXI.
STROPHANTHIN.
(3) ACTION ON STRIPED MUSCLE.
Chart 1, Solution A.
1= Before application of old Strophanthin.
2= Three minutes after application of Strophanthin.
Chart 2, Solution B.
1= Before new Strophanthin.
2= Three minutes after application of drug.
3= Five ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,
PLATE XXII.
DIGITALIN.
(1) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution A.
No. 1.
No. 2.
x
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
PLATE XXIII.
DIGITALIN.
(1) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution B.
No. 1.
No. 2.
x
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
PLATE XXIV.
DIGITALIN.
(2) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution C.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
x
No. 8.
X
No. 2.
PLATE XXV.
DIGITALIN.
(2) ACTION ON ISOLATED HEART.
Solution D.
No. 1.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
PLATE XXVI.
ATROPINE AND MORPHINE.
(4) PARALYSIS OF VAGUS TERMINATIONS.
Solution A.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
PLATE XXVII.
ATROPINE AND MORPHINE.
(4) PARALYSIS OF VAGUS TERMINATIONS.
Solution B.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
PLATE XXVII.
ATROPINE AND MORPHINE.
(4) PARALYSIS OF VAGUS TERMINATIONS.
Solution B.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
Reg. No. 4269E. , 11. —H. —250.
By Behari Lal Das, Artist,
Calcutta.
ANNUAL REPORT
OP THE
BENGAL VETERINARY COLLEGE
AND OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, BENGAL,
FOR THE YEAR
1916-17.
CALCUTTA:
THE BENGAL SECRETARIAT BOOK DEPOT.
1917.
[Price—Indian, 9 annas;
English,
10d.]
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
BENGAL VETERINARY COLLEGE
INCLUDING THE REPORTS OF THE EPIZOOTIC DISEASES OF ANIMALS DEPARTMENT
IN CALCUTTA AND ITS VICINITY AND THE RAYMOND RESEARCH LABORATORY
FOR THE YEAR
1916-17.
CALCUTTA:
THE BENGAL SECRETARIAT BOOK DEPOT.
1917.
A
Published by the Bengal Secretariat Book Depot,
Writers' Buildings, Calcutta.
OFFICIAL AGENTS
In India—
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MESSRS. NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta.
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Co., Booksellers, etc., Madras.
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In Great Britain—
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On the
Continent—
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MR. MARTINI'S NIJHOFF. The Hagne, Holland.
(MAXIMUM LIMIT 4 PAGES.)
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Preface—General Administration . . . . .
Veterinary Instruction
.
.
.
.
Treatment of disease . . . . . . . . .
Breeding operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Subordinate establishment . . . . . . . . .
Expenditure of the College . . . . . . . . .
General remarks
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Epizootic Diseases of Animals Department. Calcutta . . . . .
Raymond Research Laboratory
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
APPENDICES.
Table I
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Appendix A
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
PAGE.
1
1—2
2
2
2
2
2—3
3
3-4
i—ii
ii
2
14. Other trainings.—Ten lectures on infectious diseases of cattle
were delivered by a Lecturer of this College to 25 students sent by the
Sanitary Commissioner of Bengal.
Six Transport Drivers from the 25th Mule Corps, Maymyo, one Lance
Naik from the Dum Dum Transport Lines and two Lance Naiks from the
Transport Lines, Hastings, were trained as veterinary dressers.
15. Library and Museum.—Both the Library and Museum were well
used by the teaching staff and the students. Several new books were
purchased for the Library during the year.
16. Sports.—Rupees 154 was raised by subscription from the students
and the same amount was contributed by Government. Football, cricket,
badminton, tennis and hockey were regularly played by the students on the
College playground.
In cricket they mostly entered inter-class matches and
in football some outside competitions. They also entered the Calcutta and
Kalighat Athletic Sports. One student, P. C. Banerjee, won the champion-
ship of Calcutta Shield and other prizes, while a few others won prizes.
Treatment of disease.
17. During the year under report, 2,926 patients were treated against.
2,810 and 1,025 operations were performed against 1.246 during the previous
year. Out 5,797 prosecutions under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Act, 504 animals were sent to the College Infirmary by the trying Magis-
trates. These patients afforded ample opportunities for practical instruction
to the students.
18. The fees realized for treatment, shoeing, etc., were Us. 20,165-2-9
and the cost of feeding Rs. 29,451-11-3 which included the cost of feeding
Light Horse chargers, Government animals sent for treatment, also the
College riding ponies, ambulance horses, and breeding and draft cattle.
19. Fodder crops.—Lucerne, guinea grass, jowar, bajra. paspalam,
carrot, oats and dub were produced in a part of the annexe compound.
These crops were, on the one hand, of great educational value to the students,
and, on the other, afforded valuable food to the patients and considerably
reduced the feeding charges.
20. Ambulances.—The College ambulances were, as usual, in frequent
demand by the public.
Breeding operations.
21. The return of stud bulls maintained at this College is included in
Table VIII of the Report of the Civil Veterinary Department. Bengal.
Subordinate establishment.
22. The total strength of the subordinate veterinary staff employed at
this College is included in Table VII of the Report of the Civil Veterinary
Department. Bengal.
Expenditure of the College.
23. The main results ami the receipts and expenditure of the College
are given in Table I. The statement of receipts and expenditure has been
compiled by me and verified by the Accountant-General, Bengal.
GENERAL REMARKS.
The additional Imperial officer sanctioned for this College in 1914 has
not yet been available owing to the war and consequent dearth of officers. It
is hoped that conditions will soon prevail so that this urgent need may be
complied with.
2. The remature death of Mr. E. H. Brand, Assistant Principal, is much
regretted.
He acquired considerable experience and knowledge by his
4
5. At the request of Messrs. Landale & Clark, Calcutta, samples of
bonemeal, intended for export from the Calcutta port, were collected from
the Chingrihatta and Bengal Bone Mills and were examined for detection of
anthrax or other pathological organisms.
6. Several surgical cases were successfully treated with auto-vaccine
prepared at the Laboratory.
7. Magic lantern slides of various infective diseases of animals and
different breeds of cattle were prepared and sent out, when required, for
exhibition to he raiyats at the local shows in this province.
A. SMITH, LT.-COL.,
Principal. Bengal Veterinary College.
TABLE I
Showing the main results and the receipts and expenditure of the Bengal Veterinar
College during the gear 1916-17.
Three years' course in English.
Number of students—
Admitted—
Scholarship-holders ... ... ... ... ...
Others ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Passed final examination ... ... ... ... ...
Failed to pass final examination
...
...
...
Remaining under instruction at the end of the year—
In ordinary course ... ... ... ... ...
Instruction prolonged by reason of failure to puss ... ...
Students admitted during the year classed by educational qualifications-
Matriculates with higher qualifications ... ... ...
Knowing some English but not matriculated ... ... ...
Knowing no English or very little English ... ... ...
No.
49
14
25
10
86
26
12
31
Nil
Receipts.
Fees ... ... ... ... ...
Other sources
... ... ... ... ...
Total...
Rs.
39,388
140
39,528
A.
4
4
8
P.
3
0
3
Expenditure.
Salaries of instructing staff
... ... ... ... ...
Other expenses
... ... ... ... ...
Total
...
Rs.
36,317
1,20,972 1
1,57,289 1
A.
3
0 1
4
P.
6
0
4
Employment of students who passed out during the three years
preceding.
In service of Government or local bodies
In service of other bodies or institutions
In private service ... ...
Unemployed ... ...
Died ... ... ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
... 57
... Nil
... 5
... Nil
... 1
... 63