NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH 1935.
11
Veterinary Research Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, England.
This strain has been tested out during the year and will be maintained
for the issue of a vaccine to applicants in the future.
(2) Avian
Distemper
(Newcastle or Ranikhet disease) kills
annually a large number of fowls in Burma. A considerable amount of
research work was done during the year on the disease by Mr. Smith
and will be continued if time and facilities permit. The virus of the
disease occurring in Burma was sent to the Imperial Institute of
Veterinary Research, Muktesar, India, and there produced lesions
" which appeared to be identical with those observed in this disease in
India."
3 Field Research Work.—Work
in this direction has been suspended
pending the appointment of a successor to Mr. Smith. Proposals in
this connection have been discussed with the Firms concerned through
the Field Research Advisory Committee and are at present under con-
sideration by Government.
4. General.—As a donation towards research work on diseases of
horses, the Rangoon Turf Club is building a block of quarantine stables
at the Research Laboratory, Insein, costing Rs. 10,000, which on
completion will be handed over to the Department.
5. Research Work contemplated
for
1935-36.
(1)
Anthrax.—The
immunization of elephants with anthrax spore vaccine, selection of
strains and improvements in technique of preparation and application.
(2) Rinderpest.—(a)
The preparation of vaccine from goat or bovine
spleen, and the investigation of various aspects of the problem, especially
the effect of temperature on the virus. (6) The possibility of preparing
a desiccated vaccine from the virus of rinderpest in cattle spleen
attenuated by storing at a temperature of 42°F.
(3) Ranikhet Disease of Fowls.—Production
of a vaccine.
(4) Kumri in horses.
(5) Dry Coat in horses.
(6) Foot-and-Mouth
disease.
(7) Osteoporosis.
CHAPTER VI.—SURVEY OF THE YEAR'S WORK
AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
General Animal
Mortality.—The
total mortality in equines and
bovines during the year 1934-35 was 81,426 or 1.30 per cent, being
a decrease of 2,541 or .05 per cent on the figures for the previous
year.
The figures for the cattle population of the province are taken from
the Agricultural Statistics of Burma for the year 1933-34.
12
REPORT ON THE VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, BURMA,
Contagious Diseases.—Outbreaks of contagious diseases attended to
by the staff during the year amounted to 464 as compared with 680
which were dealt with during 1933-34. The total mortality from all
contagious diseases was 24,427 being an increase of 3,335 over the
figure for the previous year.
Rinderpest.—Owing to the spread of infection during the year to
areas where this disease had not occurred for many years and the
subsequent high mortality among these particularly susceptible
animals, the figures for this disease show an increase of 5,047 over the
returns for 1933-34. The outbreaks in Thatôn and Amherst were
particularly virulent and spread rapidly on this account and owing to
ignorance and carelessness of headmen and villagers. Upper Burma
and the south-west of Lower Burma were comparatively free from the
disease and Arakan was entirely so.
The disease showed no signs of abating in Tenasserim towards the
close of this year although all available veterinary staff had been drafted
in from other charges, and inoculation measures, in addition to stand-
still orders, practised wherever possible.
Anthrax.—The total deaths in equines and bovines from this disease
in 1934-35 amounted to 1,009, a decrease of 429 over the figures for the
previous year. The disease was widely distributed throughout the
province but in no outbreak was there a large mortality.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease.—This disease, in a mild form, was fairly
widespread during the year. The resulting mortality was very low
and in no case was the disease reported to have interfered with
cultivation.
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—A decrease in mortality of 899 is
recorded from this disease during 1934-35, the total mortality being
1,478. Inoculation against this disease, which should be undertaken
before the season of prevalence, is not popular among cattle and buffalo
owners in the infected districts.
The inoculation of apparently healthy animals against a disease
which may or may not come in a month or two appears
unnecessary to them and although they do not resist, they place
obstacles in the way of carrying out inoculations. As a result of this
more or less general attitude towards this disease, total inoculations
become reduced, as indicated for the period 1934-35, if staff are more
usefully employed elsewhere.
Black-quarter.—This disease was associated in its incidence with
hæmorrhagic septicæmia. Mortality has been almost negligible and
outbreaks in most cases involved only a few animals and died out
rapidly. Although a very successful and effective inoculation exists, it
was not possible, nor was it considered necessary, to make use of it in
any outbreaks.
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH 1935.
13
Surra.— The total mortality from this disease during the year was
65 as against 100 in 1933-34. Inoculations with naganol in Military
Police units are being continued during the surra season with satisfactory
results.
Glanders and Epizootic Lymphangitis (Farey).—One case of glanders,
confirmed by the Mallein test, was recorded during the year, but
no cases of epizootic lymphangitis were recorded.
It would appear that this latter disease has completely died out in
the Military Police units of the Myilkyina and Bhamo borders, but there
is always a risk of re-introduction by Chinese pack mules and
ponies.
Inoculation Work against contagious diseases has in general dropped
during the year, principally for reasons of economy and also on account
of many members of the staff being absent from their charges on
special rinderpest duty.
General Remarks.—With
the exception of rinderpest in Tenasserim
and a localized centre in the Hanthawaddy District, the incidence of
contagious disease in Burma has been considerably decreased during
1934-35 and there has been a corresponding drop in mortality figures.
The Tenasserim outbreak is an example of what happens when herd
immunity has disappeared through protracted freedom from the disease
and indicates that until an effective and safe and actively immunizing
vaccine against this disease is available and can be applied wherever
required, even in the absence of disease, areas which have been free
from the disease for many years must continue to be regarded as danger
spots.
With so much uncontrolled cattle movement within Burma and into
the province from adjoining States, it is impossible to prevent the
introduction and spread of rinderpest without considerable cost to the
province and disturbance of the normal life of the cattle owners
Until the numbers of staff are up to strength and measures of
economy are relaxed sufficiently to allow a campaign of propaganda for
the spread of veterinary knowledge among villagers to be re-introduced
it is doubtful if much more can be done for the control of disease than
at present.
The question of border control of disease, which has very direct
influence on its incidence in Burma, will be studied in the coming year,
and proposals, probably suggesting veterinary inspection posts on
authorized routes from and to the Frontier, will be submitted for the
consideration of Government.
The total cost of the department during the year 1934-35 was
Rs 4,40,941, a decrease of Rs. 38,803 on the preceding year.
14
REPORT ON THE VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, BURMA,
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH 1935.
The following officers of the department are commended for good
work during the year in their respective charges :—
George Pfaff, B.Sc., M.R.C.V.S., Veterinary Research Officer,
Insein.
U Kyaing, G.B.V.C., Veterinary Superintendent, Moulmein.
U Kin, Veterinary Superintendent, Shwebo.
Maung Maung, Veterinary Inspector, Shwebo.
Maung Po Thet, Veterinary Inspector, Magwe.
Maung Bwin Gyi, Veterinary Inspector, Thatôn.
Maung Ba Kyu, Veterinary Assistant, Kawlin.
Maung Thaung Pe, Veterinary Assistant, Kungyangôn.
Maung Sein Po, Veterinary Assistant, Insein.
Maung Kyaw, Veterinary Assistant, Waw.
In conclusion I would express the thanks of the department to
District Officers for their active co-operation with the veterinary staff
during the year and for their assistance in enforcing the Cattle Disease
Rules, which have materially assisted in reducing mortality from and
controlling the spread of contagious diseases of animals.
D. T. MITCHELL,
Director of Veterinary Services, Burma.
APPENDICES.
CHAPTER VII.
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
1.—Statement showing general animal mortality during the year
1934-35 ... ... ... ... ...
2.—Statement showing the deaths from contagious diseases amongst
animals in the Province during the year 1934-35
...
3.—Statement showing preventive inoculations performed during the
year 1934-35 ... ... ... ...
4.—Statement showing the work of the Veterinary College and the
results during the year 1934-35 ... ... ...
5.—Statement showing the deaths from disease in the Mounted
Infantry Ponies and Transport Animals ... ...
6.—Statement showing the number of animals treated and deaths
from contagious diseases in the Southern Shan States
during the year 1934-35 ... ... ...
7.—Statement of Receipts and Expenditure for the year ending 31st
March 1935 ... ... ... ...
PAGE
17
18
20
23
24
25
26
CHAPTER VIII.
(a) Map showing the areas in which Anthrax occurred.
(b) Map showing the areas in which Foot-and-Mouth occurred.
(c) Map showing the areas in which Rinder-pest occurred.
CHAPTER IX.
Graphs showing annual mortality per 1,000 of bovines population due to
Rinderpest, Foot-and-Mouth and Anthrax from 1906 to 1934 and the
monthly incidence of the principal contagious diseases during this period.
APPENDICES.
17
TABLE 1.—Statement showing General Mortality during the year 1934-35.
(Figures obtained from the District Officers.)
Charge.
(1)
Arakan Circle ...
Lower Burma ...
Upper Burma ...
Totals ...
Percentage Mortality ...
Rinderpest.
(2)
...
14,570
3,450
18,020
29
Foot-and-mouth.
(3)
16
178
37
231
00
Anthrax.
Equines.
(4)
Bovines.
(5)
Others.
(6)
Hæmorhugic Septicæmia.
(7)
Black Quarter.
(8)
709
761
215
1,685
03
Surra.
(9)
1
6
76
83
00
Debility and old age.
(10)
2,101
16,828
7,224
26,153
41
Snake Bite.
Equines.
(11)
Bovines.
(12)
Others.
(13)
339
4,190
1,858
6,387
10
Accident.
(14)
654
1,932
1,995
4,581
.07
Other causes.
(15)
2,049
13,389
8,848
24,286
.39
Percentage mortality.
(16)
1.01
2.23
.69
1.29
...
Total.
(17)
5,869
51,854
23,703
81,426
...
18
APPENDICES.
TABLE 2.—Statement showing the deaths from Contagious Diseases
amongst animals in the Province during the year 1934-35.
District.
(1)
Akyab ...
Kyaukpyu ...
Sandoway ...
Arakan Hill Tracts ...
Total, Arakan Circle
Amherst ...
Thatôn ...
Salween ...
Tavoy ...
Mergui ...
Bassein ...
Myaungmya ...
Maubin ...
Pyapôn ...
Henzada ...
Prome ...
Tharrawaddy ...
Insein ...
Hanthawaddy ...
Pegu ...
Toungoo ...
Total, Lower
Burma Charge.
Equines.
Column.
(2)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
(Surra)
1
...
(Surra)
1
Bovines.
Rinderpest.
(3)
...
...
...
...
...
5,207
8,815
574
...
...
511
...
218
155
...
...
...
221
1,169
305
118
17,293
Foot-and-mouth
disease.
(4)
4
...
...
...
4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
16
...
...
2
...
...
18
Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia.
327
47
...
...
374
46
5
158
...
95
129
52
13
51
15
15
24
59
37
1
172
872
Black Quarter.
(5)
...
...
25
...
25
...
...
...
...
...
6
6
28
22
11
5
26
...
4
...
...
108
Anthrax.
332
6
...
...
338
5
17
...
2
22
3
2
10
...
34
14
10
38
...
12
58
227
Other Conta-
gious diseases.
(6)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
41
Total Bovines.
(7)
663
53
25
...
741
5,258
8,837
773
(Parasitic)
4
6
(Parasitic)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
45
117
649
60
269
228
60
50
60
318
1,212
318
348
18,563
(Parasitic)
Total Equines and
Bovines.
(8)
663
53
25
...
741
5,258
8,837
773
6
117
649
60
269
228
60
50
60
318
1,212
319
348
18,564
APPENDICES.
19
TABLE.—Statement showing the deaths from Contagious Diseases
amongst animals in the Province during the year 1934-35—concld.
District.
(1)
Shwebo ...
Bhamo ...
Katha ...
Myitkyina ...
Lower Chindwin
Upper Chindwin
Mandalay ...
Kyauksè ...
Sagaing ...
Pakôkku ...
Magwe ...
Minbu ...
Thayetmyo ...
Myingyan ...
Meiktila ...
Yamèthin ...
Total, Upper Burma
Charge.
Total for 1934-35
Total for 1933-34
Equines.
Column.
(2)
...
(Surra)
(Surra)
...
...
(Surra)
...
(Surra)
(Anthrax)
(Anthrax;
(Surra)
(Glanders)
...
...
...
(Surra)
(Surra)
(Anthrax)
(Glanders)
(Surra)
(Anthrax)
(Glanders)
(Surra)
(Tetanus)
(Anthrax)
8
35
3
3
1
1
5
1
7
61
2
1
62
2
1
99
1
3
Bovines
Rinderpest.
(3)
277
217
619
1,077
112
...
45
58
3
361
145
...
11
522
611
213
4,271
21,564
16,517
Foot-and-mouth
disease.
(4)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
23
238
Hæmonhagic
Septicæmia.
Black Quarter.†
Anthrax.
(5)
...
76
...
14
...
47
...
...
...
16
26
4
37
7
...
5
232
1,478
2,377
...
...
...
...
33
...
...
...
...
13
22
8
33
...
...
...
109
242
241
37
6
71
...
50
234
3
...
5
22
1
...
8
5
...
...
442
1,007
1,435
Other Conta-
gious diseases.
(6)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
(Surra)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
(Surra)
45
Total Bovines.
(7)
314
299
690
1,091
195
281
48
61
8
412
194
12
89
535
611
218
5,058
24,302
(Parasitic)
3
(Surra
179 20,989
(Parasitic)
1
(Coccidiosis)
1
(Surra)
Total Equines and
Bovines.
(8)
314
307
725
1,091
195
284
48
61
8
416
195
18
89
535
611
225
5,122
24,427
21,092
20
APPENDICES.
TABLE 3. -Statement showing Preventive Inoculation performed during the
year 1934-35.
District
(1)
Amherst ...
Thatôn ...
Salween ...
198
Bassein ...
Pyapôn ...
Maubin ...
Insein ...
Hanthawaddy ...
Pegu ...
Toungoo ...
Total, Lower
Burma Charge.
Katha ...
Myitkyina ...
Bhamo ...
Shwebo ...
Pakôkku ...
Mandalay ...
Sagaing ...
Lower Chindwin
Magwe ...
Thayetmyo ...
Meiktila ...
Yamèthin ...
Myingyan
...
Total, Upper
Burma Charge.
Rinderpest, Total
for 1934-35.
Rinderpest, Total
for 1933-34.
Name of disease
against which inocula-
tion was carried out
(2)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Rinderpest.
...
...
...
Method of inocula-
tion followed.
(3)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Serum-alone method.
...
...
...
Number of outbreaks
in which inoculation
was undertaken.
(4)
105
62
9
5
8
20
4
11
16
5
245
35
43
28
25
4
12
1
17
5
1
23
12
13
219
464
680
Number of animals
which died
un-inoculated in course
of outbreak.
Equines.
(5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(6)
2,908
1,499
380
18
70
143
34
194
145
41
5,432
375
557
146
204
51
22
7
106
104
11
267
126
172
2,148
7,580
8,013
Others.
(7)
...
231
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
231
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
231
...
Number of animals
inoculated.
Equines.
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(9)
19,218
10,787
794
369
434
2,004
690
3,665
3,056
272
41,289
3,747
7,028
3,136
777
688
1,178
281
2,564
2,234
171
4,707
1,888
2,845
31,244
72,533
1,03,437
Others.
(10)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Number of
inoculated ani-
mals which die
of the disease.
Equines.
(11)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(12)
172
141
5
1
16
28
5
57
13
...
438
36
275
76
138
...
...
...
1
36
1
13
10
2
588
1,026
1,683
Others.
(13)
..
.
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
APPENDICES.
21
TABLE 3.—Statement showing
Preventive
Inoculation
performed
during
the
year
1934-35—contd.
District.
(1)
Insein ...
Katha ...
Shwebo ...
Mandalay ...
Lower Chindwin
Rinderpest Spleen
Tissue Vaccine,
Total.
Kyaukpyu ...
Total,
Arakan
Circle.
Amherst ...
Toungoo ...
Total,
Lower
Burma Charge.
Bhamo ...
Total,
Upper
Burma Charge.
Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia,
Total for
1934-35.
Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia,
Total, for
1933-34
Akyab ...
Total,
Arakan
Circle.
Amherst ...
Thatôn ...
„
...
Mergui ...
Bassein ...
Henzada ...
Prome ...
Tharrawaddy ...
Insein ...
„ ...
Pegu ...
Total,
Lower
Burma Charge.
Name of disease
against which inocula-
tion was carried out.
(2)
Rinderpest.
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.
(Anthrax)
Method of inocula-
tion followed.
(3)
Spleen
Tissue
Vaccine.
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia
Vaccine.
Anthrax-Vaccine Subcutaneous.
Number of outbreak
in which inoculations
was undertaken.
(4)
...
...
...
...
...
...
4
4
3
1
4
15
15
23
57
14
14
1
1
...
1
1
...
3
2
9
Number of animals
which died
un-inoculatcd in course
of outbreak.
Equines.
(5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(6)
...
...
...
...
...
...
16
16
.
11
11
45
45
72
345
161
161
8
1
...
...
...
...
...
28
10
47
Others.
( 7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Number of animals
inoculated.
Equines.
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(9)
35
17
581
20
73
728
457
457
378
95
473
882
882
1,812
5,983
3,357
3,357
185
80
...
...
...
...
...
1,076
382
1,723
Others.
(10)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
21
6
5
6
5
32
117
...
6
...
198
Number of
inoculated ani-
mals which died
of the disease.
Equines.
(11)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(12)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
7
...
7
Others.
(13)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
22
APPENDICES.
TABLE 3.—Statement showing Preventive Inoculation
performed
during
the
year
1934-35—concld.
District.
(1)
Katha ...
Myitkyina ...
Bhamo ...
Shwebo ...
Lower Chindwin
Upper Chindwin
„ ...
Mandalay ...
Pakôkku ...
Magwe ...
Minbu ...
Thayetmyo ...
Meiktila ...
Yamèthin
...
Total,
Upper
Burma Charge.
Various Districts
Anthrax. Total for
1934-35.
Anthrax, Total for
1933-34.
Yamèthin ...
Strangles, Total
Name of disease
against which inocula-
tion was carried out.
(2)
(Anthrax.)
Strangles.
Method of inocula-
tion followed.
(3)
Anthrax Vaccine Subcutaneous.
Strangles
Vaccine.
Number of outbreak
in which insulations
was undertaken.
(4)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
23
67
...
...
Number of animals
which died
in-inoculated in course
of outbreak.
Equines.
(5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(6)
...
...
...
...
...
22
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
22
...
230
186
...
...
Others.
(7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Number of animals
inoculated.
Equines.
(8)
...
30
93
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
447*
570
...
570
624
93
93
Bovines.
(9)
...
4
119
...
...
210
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
335
...
5,415
3,825
...
...
Others.
(10)
23
4
12
7
4
...
10
4
12
3
7
11
7
76
180
2,629
3,007
3,095
...
...
Number of
inoculated ani-
mals which died
of the disease.
Equines.
(11)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Bovines.
(12)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
8
6
...
...
Others.
(13)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
As reported by Offices-in-Charge, Government Stud Farm. Pyawbwe.
Grand
7"olals of Outbreaks
and
Inoculations.
—
(1)
1934-35 ...
1933-34 ...
Rinderpest.
Out-
breaks.
(2)
464
680
Inocu-
lations.
(3)
73,261†
103,427
Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia.
Out-
breaks.
(4)
23
57
Inocu-
lations.
(5)
1,812
5,983
Anthrax.
Out-
breaks.
(6)
23
67
Inocu-
lations.
(7)
8,992
7,544
Strangles.
Out-
breaks.
(8)
...
...
Inocu-
lations.
(9)
93
...
† This figure includes Rinderpest Spleen Tissue vaccine inoculation (728).
APPENDICES.
23
TABLE 4.—Statement
showing the work of the Veterinary College and the results during the year
1934-35.
Veterinary College.
(1)
Insein ... ... ...
Total for 1934-35 ...
Total for 1933-34 ...
Name of course of instruction if more
than one course followed.
(2)
1 year
Verna-
cular.
...
...
Students given refresher course.
(3)
4
Vety.
Ins-
pec-
tors.
4
...
Number of Students
Admitted during
the year.
Scholarship holders.
(4)
5
5
14
Others
(5)
10
10
7
Passed final examination during
the year.
(6)
17
17
...
Failed to pass final examina-
tion.
(7)
...
...
...
Remaining
under instruc-
tion at the end
of the year.
In ordinary course.
(8)
15
15
17
Instruction pro-
longed by reasons
of failure to pass.
(9)
...
...
...
Expenditure.
Salaries of Instructing Stan.
(10)
*6,700
6,700
6,423
Stipends.
(11)
4,051
4,051
748
Other expenses.
(12)
†15,024
15,024
11,763
Total.
(13)
25,775
25,775
18,934
Employment of students
who passed during the
three years preceding.
Total number passed.
(14)
17
17
...
In service of Government or
Local Bodies.
(15)
17
17
...
In service of other Bodies or
Institutions.
(16)
...
...
...
In private practice.
(17)
...
...
...
Number unemployed.
(18)
...
...
...
* Includes Rs. 2,400 on account of scholarships to students sent to Madias Veterinary College.
† Includes an expenditure of Rs. 1,392 for the running of the Veterinary Hospital attached to the Veterinary College, Insein.
3
24
APPENDICES.
TABLE 5.—Statement showing the deaths from disease in the Mounted Infantry Ponies and Transport Animals
during the year 1934-35.
Battalion.
(1)
Bhamo ... ...
Chin Hills ... ...
Eastern-Myitkyina ...
Western-Myitkyina ...
Northern Shan States ...
Reserve ... ...
Southern Shan States ...
Mandalay
... ...
1st Rangoon ...
2nd Rangoon ...
Total for 1934-35 ...
Total for 1933-34 ...
Strength of Mounted Infantry
ponies.
(2)
50
35
50
50
75
216
100
225
29
...
830
801
Strength of mules, ponies
and bullocks.
(3)
48
141
166
104
87
18
120
96
3
3
786
849
Number of deaths from all
causes during the year.
(4)
6
3
10
15
13
1
9
2
...
59
71
Months when heaviest
mortality occurred.
(5)
...
August 1934
...
Feb. 1934
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Deaths from contagious diseases.
Surra.
(6)
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
...
Anthrax.
(7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
...
2
4
Glanders.
(8)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Epizootic
Lymphangitis.
(9)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Deaths from other causes.
(10)
6
1
10
15
...
13
...
8
2
...
55
67
Occurrence of Surra.
Station.
(11)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Number of deaths
from each
place.
(12)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
APPENDICES.
25
TABLE 6.—Statement
showing the number of animals treated and deaths from contagious diseases in the
Southern Shan States during the year 1934-35.
Locality.
(1)
Southern Shan States—
Western Subdivision ... ...
Yawnghwe Subdivision ...
Central Subdivision ... ...
North-Eastern Subdivision ...
South-Western Subdivision ...
Kēngtūng Subdivision ... ...
Karenni Subdivision ... ...
Total for 1934-35 ...
Total for 1933-34 ...
Bovines.
Rinderpest.
(2)
542
46
607
750
129
...
28
2,102
1,443
Foot-and-mouth.
(3)
76
...
49
46
8
...
5
184
2,054
Anthrax.
(4)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
28
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.
(5)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Black Quarter.
(6)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other contagious disease.
(7)
...
...
...
...
...
...
17
17
33
Other non-contagious
disease.
(8)
594
305
1,207
1,100
1,357
...
473
5,036
4,977
Equines.
Anthrax.
(9)
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
25
Surra.
(10)
...
...
...
...
2
...
...
2
20
Glanders.
(11)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other contagious disease.
(12)
...
...
...
5
...
...
...
5
7
Other non-contagious
disease.
(13)
34
87
27
217
386
...
65
816
859
Number of
animals treated
and died.
Treatments.
(14)
1,246
438
1,890
2,119
1,882
...
588
8,163
9,446
Deaths.
(15)
123
16
183
359
80
...
37
797
710
Remarks.
(16)