9
centres in Bombay were Nasik, Dharwar and Ratnagiri. In the Central
Provinces—Balaghat 302, Seoni 63, Raipur 34, Amraoti 12, Jubbulpore 8,
Akola 5.
54. One hundred and ninety-one (191) outbreaks were attended in Madras,
the United Provinces and Assam 22,890 bovines and 2,521 sheep and goats
were inoculated with anti-anthrax serum, 2 deaths (in Assam) being reported
after inoculation. The serum was also used in the treatment of some human
cases with very good results.
55. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—The returns are still too incomplete to be
of any value and some provinces have to report Anthrax, Black quarter and
this disease under the same heading. The returns show that there were 23,936
deaths reported during the year, including 8,032 doubtful cases in Burmah.
The cases reported from Madras and the Punjab are considerable; 8,838 in the
former and 5,766 in the latter. Not many deaths are reported from other Pro-
vinces, which may be accounted for by the fact that the disease is very sudden
in its attack, and an outbreak runs its course in a very short time. This, added
to the fact that until lately it has been impossible to do anything in the way
of treatment or protection, discouraged the people from reporting deaths. The
disease is well known to be widespread and to carry off great numbers of
animals all over the low-lying tracts of the country.
56. A limited supply of preventive serum was made available for use as a
prophylactic in this disease and issued from the Imperial Bacteriological Labo-
ratory during the year. It was made use of in actual outbreaks and has been
proved to be very effective, the results attending its use being very good. It was
applied in 113 outbreaks—63 in the Punjab, 45 in the United Provinces and
5 in the North-West Frontier Province, and 13,315 animals were inoculated ; 16
only dying after inoculation. The demand for this serum will doubtless increase
greatly as its effects become known. The serum takes some months to prepare
and as sheds are not available at Muktesar for the accommodation of the
serumproducing animals, some time will elapse before it is available in great
quantity.
57. Foot and Mouth disease.—The deaths reported from this disease
number 19,060 against 17,029 last year. It was most severe in Burma, as
was the case last year, 12,308 of the deaths occurring in that province. The
disease is generally very widespread over most provinces but the percentage
of deaths is comparatively small. In Burma, it was most severe in Bassein,
Henzada, Pegu and Myingyan; but deaths occurred in every district. In
Bengal, it occurred in 17 districts and was most severe in Puri where 763
deaths occurred. It was reported from 18 districts of the United Provinces
and 867 deaths occurred.
58. As before stated, the disease is usually very mild in type and the feet
generally affected, so that few deaths occur excepting in sucking calves in
which it is rather fatal. Deaths often occur from complications, especially
myiasis, in which many animals can be saved by Veterinary Assistants.
59. Black Quarnter, Black leg, Charbon Symptomatique.—This serious
widespread disease of young cattle is very prevalent in many parts of India but
the time has not yet arrived when the localities in which it is enzootic can be
accurately determined. I am afraid that we cannot gather much information
on the subject from the returns submitted this year. They show that only 6,723
cases were reported from the whole of India. I can only say that if one
district exists where the disease is endemic, probably more animals perished
in it during the year than are shown for the whole of India. Madras returns,
of the total number reported, 5,952 deaths so that only 771 deaths have been
reported in the rest of India.
60. No inoculations have been reported from any of the districts but
sanction has been given in the Punjab and United Provinces for the use of
Blacklegoids. These are prepared from a vaccine efficacious in producing im-
munity by a single inoculation. They occupy remarkably small space, are very
easily carried and their use is simplicity itself. The results obtained by the use
of a single vaccine in other countries may be gathered from the fact that the
number of doses issued by the Bureau of Animal Industry and used in America
in 1905 was 1,400,000 and the effect of its application was the reduction of mor-