NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
STATEMENT SHOWING THE SICKNESS AND MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1870.
101
TROOPS serving in the B0MBAY PRESIDENCY during the year 1870—continued.
RATIO OF DEATHS
PER CENT.
INVALI DED.
HINDOOS
MUSSULMEN.
S t r e n g t h o f R e g i m e n t o n3
1 s t D e c e m b e r 1 8 7 0 .
A v e r a g e n u m b e r o f c o n s e -
c u t i v e n i g h t s i n b e d .
T o T r e a t e d
T o A v e r a g e
S t r e n g t h .
F o r D i s c h a r g e t h e
S e r v i c e .
F o r C h a n g e o f
C l i m a t e .
S t r e n g t h .
D i e d p e r c e n t . t o
S t r e n g t h , i n a n d o u t
o f H o s p i t a l a n d o n
l e a v e .
S t r e n g t h .
D i e d p e r c e n t . t o
S t r e n g t h , i n a n d o u t
o f H o s p i t a l a n d o n
l e a v e .
Regiment.
REMARKS.
DIVISION—(continued).
0.4 0.4
16
15 596
0.5
51
0.0 681 4th Regiment N . I. 4½
0.2 0.3
25
20 246
0.4
28
0.0 287 2nd Grenadier Re-
giment N. I.
4¾
0.0 0.0
6
0 139
0.0
10
0.0 152 Detachment 2nd
Grenadier Regt.
N. I.
3
0.4 0.4
21
20 602
0.8
56
1.7 692 1st Grenadier Re-
giment N. I.
11
0.8 0.5
2
6 541
0.7
92
0.3 633 5th Regiment N. I. 5¾
0.8 0.7
14
4 446
0.5
66
0.1 532 7th
do.
4½
2.7 1.5
0
0
6 0 1.6
7 14.2
67 Detachment 7th
Regiment N. I.
3
1.9 0.9
29
3 645
0.8
28
3.6 684 17th Regiment N.I. 14¾
DIVISION.
0.7 1.0
19 10 419
2.1
73
2.9 492 6th Regiment N. I. 3¼
0.0 0.1
20
12 512
0.5 133
0.0 645 8th
do.
3
0.6 0.9
1
0
66
0.0
39
2.6 138 1st Squadron 1st
Regiment N. L.
Cavalry.
5
0.9 1.1
10
4 569
1.2
97
2.4 666 18th Regt. N. I.
8¾
0.1 0.3
3
5 190
0.0 101
1.0 190 1st Regiment N.
L. Cavalry.
6½
0.2 0.3
10
19 611
0.6
83
0.2 700 20th Regt. N. I.
4
0.4 0.6
44 63 555
1.8 107
0.0 662 19th do.
8
0.5 1.1
2
13 561
0.9
77
0.0 689 26th do.
5
0.0 0.0
4
5
72
1.3
11
0.0
83 Detachment 25th
Regiment N. I.
5
26 s
102
SKETCH OF THE MEDICAL HISTORY OF THE NATIVE ARMY OF BOMBAY.
Statement showing the SICKNESS and MORTALITY among the NATIVE
REGIMENT.
Station.
Movements in the year.
A v e r a g e S t r e n g t h f o r t h e
y e a r .
N u m b e r o f A d m i s s i o n s .
N u m b e r o f D e a t h s i n
H o s p i t a l .
A v e r a g e D a i l y S i c k p e r
c e n t . t o a v e r a g e S t r e n g t h .
R a t i o p e r c e n t . o f A d m i s -
s i o n s t o a v e r a g e S t r e n g t h .
NORTHERN
Detachment 25th Regi-
ment N. I.
Dwarka
... Marched to Dhoolia in
November 1870.
90 125
0 .3.6 138.8
Do. 6th and 8th Regi-
ments N. I.
Sadra
...
None.
50
56
0 1.0 112.4
3rd Regiment N. I. ... Mhow
...
Do.
570 538
5 2.4
94.4
11th
do.
... Do.
...
Do.
501 575
2 4.2 114.5
2nd do. Native Light
Cavalry.
Neemuch
... Marched to Deesa in
December 1870.
413 354
1 2.9
85.7
28th Regiment N. I. ... Do.
...
None.
589 1,005
5 5.8 170.8
11th
do.
... Nusseerabad ... Marched to Sattara in
December 1870.
633 1,079
12 6.5 170.5
Detachment 14th Regi-
ment N. I.
Indore
... Do. to Mhow in
December 1870.
213 107
0 1.2
50.2
Head Quarters 15th Re-
giment N. I.
Mehidpore
...
None.
345 815
3 7.2 244.9
Left Wing 15th Regiment.
N. I.
Augur
...
Do.
263 335
0 7.2 127.3
SIND
29th Regiment N. I. .. Kurrachee...
None.
638 585
2 5.3
91.8
27th
do.
... Hydrabad
...
Do.
657 501
6 1.9
76.2
1st Sind Horse
... Jacobabad...
D o .
381 1,087
11 7.6 285.3
2nd do.
... Do...
D o .
365 695
10 8.9 190.4
3rd do.
... Do... ..
D o .
306 905
8 10.9 295.7
30th Regiment N. I. . . . Do.
...
Do.
588 1,241
32 6.3 211.0
ADEN
2nd Company Native
Artillery.
Aden
...
None.
85
55
0 3.7
63.5
12th Regiment N. I. .. Do.
... Marched to Bombay at
the end of December
1870.
638 846
5 5.0 132.6
3rd Company Sappers and
Miners.
Do...
N o n e . 104
83
0 3.1
79.8
Aden Troop
... Do...
D o . 85 263
0 6.3 309.4
STATEMENT SHOWING THE SICKNESS AND MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1870.
103
TROOPS serving in the BOMBAY PRESIDENCY during the year 1870—concluded.
RATIO OF DEATHS
PER CENT.
INVALIDED.
HINDOOS.
MUSSULMEN.
S t r e n g t h o f R e g i m e n t o n
3 1 s t D e c e m b e r 1 8 7 0 .
Regiment.
A v e r a g e n u m b e r o f c o n s e -
c u t i v e n i g h t s i n b e d .
R E M A R K S .
T o T r e a t e d .
T o A v e r a g e
S t r e n g t h .
F o r D i s c h a r g e t h e
S e r v i c e .
F o r C h a r g e o f
C l i m a t e .
S t r e n g t h .
D i e d p e r c e n t . t o
S t r e n g t h , i n a n d o u t
o f H o s p i t a l a n d o nl
e a v e .
S t r e n g t h .
D i e d p e r c e n t . t o
S t r e n g t h , i n a n d o u to
f H o s p i t a l a n d o nl
e a v e .
DIVISION—( continued).
0.0
0.0
1
1
76
0.0
16
0.0
92 Detachment 25th
Regiment N. I.
3¼
0.0
0.0
0
0
44
0.0
6
0 0
42
Do.
6th
and 8th Regi-
ments N. I.
4
0.9
0.9
60
12 338
1.1
73
1.3 461 3rd Regiment N.I. 13¾
0.3
0.3
36
18 553
1.0
97
0.0 667 14th
do.
13
0.3
0.2
11
4 204
0.5 199
0.0 327 2nd do. Native
Light Cavalry.
4
0.5 0.8
31
8 533
0.5
75
2.6 630 28th Regt. N. I.
4
1.0
1.9
38
35 582
2.0
51
0.0 627 11th
do.
6
0.0
0.0
0
1 225
0.0
17
0.0 244 Detachment 14th
Regiment N. I.
4
0.3
0.8
9
10 336
0.8
33
0.0 402 Head
Quarters
15th Regiment
N. I.
5
0.0
0.0
0
5 256
0.0
34
0.0 290 Left Wing 15th
Regiment N. I.
24
DISTRICT.
0.3
0.3
5
11
90
2.2 587
6.8 677 29th Regt. N. I.
4-½
1.1
0.9
13
26
125
0.0 541
0.9 666 27th
do.
28
0.9
2.9
24
4
39
5.1 454
1.9 493 1st Sind Horse.
6
1.4
2.7
28
13
82
3.6 411
2.3 493 2nd
do.
5
0.8
2.6
13
24
39
0.0 456
1.7 495 3rd
do.
6
2.5
5.4
20
14 249
8.6 333
3.8 596 30th Regt. N. I.
3
DIVISION.
0.0 0.0
0
1
85
0.0
9
0.0
94 2nd Company Na-
tive Artillery.
7
0.6 0.9 37
13 509
1.6 127
0.0 678 12th Regt. N. I.
7 ½
0.0 0.0
1
2
83
0 0
17
0.0 100 3rd Company Sap-
pers and Miners.
4
0.0 0.0
4
0
20
0.0
68
0.0
8 8 Aden Troop.
8
104
SKETCH OF THE MEDICAL HISTORY OF THE NATIVE ARMY OF BOMBAY.
Summary of the Statistics
Average daily
Strength.
Admissions into
Hospital.
Ratio per cent. of
Admissions to
average Strength ;
mean of all.
Average daily
Sick per cent. to
average Strength;
mean of all.
Deaths in
Hospital.
Ratio of Deaths
in Hospital per
cent. to average
Strength.
Ratio of Deaths
in Hospital per
cent. to
Admissions.
22,715
28,380
139.08
4.33
191
0.84
0 . 6 8
BOMBAY,
T h e 2 5 t h M a y .
1871.
SUMMARY OF STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1870. 105
for the year 1870.
Deaths out of
H o s p i t a l
and on
leave.
Total Deaths out
of the average
in the
year.
Ratio per cent.
of total Deaths
to the average
Strength.
Ratio per cent. to
Strength of Hindoos
who died in and out
of Hospital, and on
leave.
Ratio per cent. to
Strength of Mussul
men who died in and
out of Hospital,
and on leave.
Ratio per cent.
to Strength
invalided for
Discharge the
Service.
Ratio per cent.
to Strength
invalided for
Change of
Climate.
2 33
95
2 8 6
1.26
0.32
0.94
3.71
T. E. P. MARTIN, Surgeon,
Acting Secretary to In spector General, Indian Medical Department.
REPORT
ON
THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM
For the year 1893.
RANGOON:
PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA.
1894.
[ Price,—Re. 1-0-0. ]
REPORT
ON
THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM
For the year 1893.
RANGOON:
PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA.
1894.
RESOLUTION
ON THE
REPORT ON THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM
For the year 1893.
Extract from the Proceedings of the Chief Commissioner, Burma, in the Judicial Department,—No. 9K.-11,
dated the 18th April 1894.
READ—
Letter No. 1635-110M., dated the 19th March 1894, from the Inspector-General of Jails with Civil
Medical Administration, Burma, forwarding the report on the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum for
the year 1893.
RESOLUTION.—During the year of report some changes were made in the
establishment of the Asylum. The post of Deputy Superintendent was abolished,
and a local Assistant Surgeon was entertained. The proposal to combine in a
warrant medical officer the subordinate executive and medical charge of the
institution is still in abeyance as the Government of India is unable to provide a
warrant officer for the work. The warder establishment is inadequate, and will
require revision on the completion of the extension of the Asylum. The Chief
Commissioner does not desire that lunatics should be subjected to further me-
chanical restraint than is necessary, but he is unable to regard the escape of eight
lunatics as other than a proof of carelessness on the part of the warders for which
they deserved punishment.
2. Owing to the annexation of Upper Burma, and to the adoption of the
Bengal rules under which criminal lunatics, in order to qualify for release, are re-
quired to undergo a period of probation extending from three to six years after their
attainment of sanity, the insufficiency of accommodation in the Asylum has been
one of the principal topics noticed in the annual reports since 1888. This de-
fect will be remedied when the extension now under construction is completed.
But the report under review shows that further accommodation is still necessary.
An estimate for the construction of four cells for violent female lunatics, of quar-
ters for warders, and of a new hospital is under preparation. The provision of
observation cells and of strong rooms for suicidal lunatics will also be considered.
The Chief Commissioner trusts that in future the accommodation afforded by
the Asylum will be accurately stated. Although the new buildings have taken
much of the land formerly unoccupied, yet there remains plenty of space in which
to bury the night-soil and cultivate crops, and the Chief Commissioner has con-
sequently disapproved the proposal to remove the night-soil by municipal scaven-
gers. The sulliage water from the cottages should be led into the drains and
blind wells provided for it and should not be suffered to soak into the ground.
3. During the year there were 99 criminal and 235 civil lunatics in the
Asylum, 69 were admitted or re-admitted, and 81 died, or were discharged, cured
or otherwise. There were 43 deaths among a daily average population of 255
persons. This was the highest mortality on record in the Asylum and gave a.
RESOLUTION ON THE REPORT ON THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM FOR THE YEAR 1893.
3
lecting and sending to the Asylum all available information about a lunatic's pre-
vious history which indicates the cause of his insanity.
8. The report is both interesting and well written. Surgeon-Lieutenant-
Colonel Baker, though he had been only in charge of the Asylum for the last
six weeks of the year under report, evidently took great pains to make himself
master of all the details of its working, and the Chief Commissioner is satisfied
that the management of the institution is now in good hands. The late Superin-
tendent of the Asylum, Surgeon-Major Dantra, also devoted much time and
attention to it and pointed out the reforms which he considered necessary.
By order of the Chief Commissioner,
F. C. GATES,
Secretary.
( 4 )
during 1892 and 1891, and that 2 of those admitted during 1892 (Nos. 9 and 33
on the casualty-roll) went almost straight to hospital, which they never quitted.
Only 5 on the roll are shown as having been received into the asylum in good
health. Fluctuating and high death-rates are characteristic of all asylum returns,
but it is sincerely to be hoped that the efforts now being made to reduce mortality
will prove successful.
(i) The comments by the Superintendent on Statements IX, X and XI
seem to need little or no criticism. Municipalities in Upper Burma are still too
poor, I fear, to maintain their pauper lunatics. In industries requiring any degree
of skill the asylum cannot hope to compete with the Jail. The Superintendent
should give his attention to farming and horticulture and such unskilled labour
as compound cleaning, &c. The average cost of each inmate of the asylum
comes to Rs. 123, whereas natives in the Rangoon Central Jail cost under Rs.
70 per head.
REPORT
ON
THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM
For the year 1893.
Prefatory remarks.—This Asylum is governed by a committee of highly-
placed officials, who meet at the Asylum once in every month. The proceedings
of these monthly meetings are carefully recorded and a copy of the transactions
is, at the close of each meeting, forwarded to the local Government. The Com-
mittee has met 12 times during the year, and two of its members have, month
by month, undertaken the duty of visiting the Asylum. The remaining instruc-
tions laid down in Judicial Department Notification No. 44, dated the 12th March
1885, have been observed.
The present Superintendent has held charge of the Asylum only during the
last six weeks of the year and consequently is ill-fitted for the preparation of a
report embodying the results of the administration for the whole year.
For instance, his remarks on the causes productive of the mortality which
has taken place among the inmates cannot be in any measure authentic, inas-
much as he has had hardly any experience of this mortality, only one death
having taken place in the Asylum since he assumed charge of his duties.
The annual report for previous years has invariably been drawn up under
stated headings, and a similar course will be followed in the preparation of the
present report.
Situation, buildings, accommodation, &c.—The buildings and enclosures
comprising the Lunatic Asylum stand on and are spread over a large area of well-
drained ground, consisting for the most part of gravel-like soil, which is situated
in one of the healthiest quarters of the town of Rangoon.
The premises lie to the south-west of the Cantonment, with which, were it
not for the Irrawaddy Valley Railway, they would be contiguous.
The Asylum consists of three separate enclosed sections, in each of which
there are many buildings. One section, with high walls, is allotted to criminal
males; one to civil males; and the remaining one serves for the accommodation
of all females, civil and criminal.
The buildings within the criminal male enclosure consist of 76 cells, disposed
in two blocks, one of which, furnishing 48 cells, has two stories. There are also
two sheds—a feeding-shed and a workshed.
The civil male enclosure, which is much more extensive than the foregoing,
has numerous buildings distributed over it, the chief of them being 12 wooden
cottages for the night accommodation of the civil male population. The aggre-
gate capacity of these cottages at 50 superficial feet per head is sufficient for
168 persons. There is also a barrack of 10 cells in this division of the Asylum,
but there are not any worksheds or feeding-sheds.
The enclosure for females has within its walls three detached cottages, pro-
viding accommodation for 38 persons, and also a work-shed.
When the accommodation of the Asylum is set side by side with the daily
average population, it will be seen to what extent the premises were utilized
during the past year :—
Accommodation ... ... ... ...
Daily average population ... ... ...
Criminal
males.
76
75.95
Civil
males.
178
150.45
Females
of both
classes.
38
28.34
Total
292
254.74
REPORT ON THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM FOR THE YEAR 1893.
5
Table showing accommodation of Asylum Buildings.
Class.
Males, crimi-
nals
Males, ci-
vils.
Females of
both
classes.
Description of
accommodation.
Cells ...
Cells ...
Cottages ...
Cottages ...
No.
76
10
12
3
Superficial area in
square feet.
...
...
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
.
......
35'6" × 19' = 674' ...
2 (17'6" × 17') = 595'
18' × 36' = 648' ...
18' × 36' = 648' ...
18' × 36' = 648' ...
18' × 36' = 648' ...
18' × 36' = 648' ...
18 × 36' = 648' ...
18' × 36' = 648' ...
18' × 36' = 648' ...
30'8" × 30'8"= 940...
30'8" × 30'8" = 940.
Total accommodation
for civil males.
2(18'4" × 18'4") = 672'
35'6" × 17'6" = 621'
35'6" × 17'6" = 621'
GRAND TOTAL ...
Capacity
at 50 su-
perficial
feet per
inmate.
...
...
14
12
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
19
19
...
14
12
12
...
Total ac-
commoda-
tion.
76
10
168
178
38
292
Remarks.
Hospital cottage.
European
cot-
tage, now used
for natives.
Built for conta-
gious diseases,
now used as
dormitories.
Water-supply.—The supply of water for the Asylum is obtained from three
wells sunk in the Asylum grounds. The water is good and sufficient for the
greater part of the year, but in the dry weather the supply often fails and consi-
derable difficulty is then experienced in obtaining a sufficiency of water. In the
rains the water in one of the wells becomes contaminated from the percolation
into it of earthy matter, which remains in suspension.
The Public Works Department has received sanction to " clean and repair"
the Asylum wells during the present year ; but as the most important matter in
connection with these wells is to get them made deeper it is to be hoped the
Executive Engineer will see his way to, in the first place, increase their depth.
In the Annual Report for 1891 it is stated the Asylum well water has been
analyzed; but as the results of the analysis are not given, and no record of this
analysis is to be found on the Asylum files, I have thought it desirable to obtain
from the Chemical Examiner a fresh analysis of the Asylum well water.
The enquiry has been confined to two wells, of which one, sunk in the crimi-
nal enclosure, supplies almost all the drinking water required. The second water
analyzed has been taken from a well newly dug in land thickly studded with shal-
low excreta trenches. It is satisfactory to find that the water from this latter
source shows no signs of night-soil contamination; at the same time it will be
2
REPORT ON THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM FOR THE YEAR 1893.
7
suitable and sufficient clothing and bedding to the inmates of an asylum is an
important administrative unit in asylum management.
No scale of clothing and bedding for the use of the lunatics confined in the
Rangoon Asylum has ever been authoritatively laid down; at any rate I can find
no record of any such scale, and the subordinate officials of the Asylum deny its
existence.
Shortly after assuming charge of the Asylum I drew up the following scale
for future guidance :—
Scale of clothing.
Europeans—
One shirt
...
...
One trousers ... ...
One cardigan jacket ...
One cap ... ...
One pair of shoes ...
...
Unless suitably supplied with clothing
from outside.
Natives—
Males
Females
One jacket
...
One short trousers
One jacket ...
One skirt
...
Blue in the case of criminals, white in the
case of civils.
Native males destructive of clothing are to wear only a long tunic, made of
gunny, reaching to the knees; and native females only a tunic of the same
material, but of greater length.
Ten additional gunny tunics shall be issued for use, in emergencies, by the
male lunatics, and eight for use by females during their monthly illness.
In the cold weather all lunatics not actively employed shall be given blan-
kets, to be used as shawls, from daybreak until 10 A.M. In the rainy weather
extra clothing in the shape of tunics shall be issued for night use by natives.
Scale of bedding.
Europeans.
One bedstead.
One mattress.
One pillow, made of coir.
Two blankets, woollen.
Natives, male and female.
One bamboo mat.
One coir pillow.
One blanket, woollen.
One blanket, gunny.
Lunatics who have shown, or are likely to develop, suicidal tendencies shall
be supplied only with woollen blankets.
The budget allotment of Rs. 1,200 for clothing and bedding for the pre-
sent financial year is inadequate, and it has been found necessary to submit an
application for additional funds.
The cost of bedding and clothing under the respective heads of blankets and
clothing is given for the last three years.
Statement of clothing and bedding supplied during the last three years.
Year.
1891
...
1892
...
1893
...
Articles.
Blankets ... ... ...
Clothing ... ... ...
Blankets ... ... ...
Clothing ... ... ...
Blankets ... ... ...
Clothing ... ... ...
Expenditure.
Rs.
337
354
525
630
420
686
A.
8
10
0
15
0
9
P.
0
11
0
0
0
0
Total.
Rs.
692
1,155
1,106
A.
2
15
9
P.
11
0
0
Why the cost of clothing and bedding for the entire population of the
Asylum during the year 1891 did not exceed Rs. 692-2-11 was explained in
last year's report.
Diet.—Although there is no waste food removed from the feeding-shed after
the lunatics have had their meals, nevertheless the supply of food seems ade-
quate.
12
REPORT ON THE RANGOON LUNATIC ASYLUM FOR THE YEAR 1893.
Statement of Lunatics who escaped from the custody of the Asylum authorities during the year 1893.
Serial No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Names.
Abbas Ali ...
Nga Waing ...
Abdool ...
Nga Po Kyin...
Nga Shwe Oh...
Dorasawmy ...
Seo Golam ...
Kong Chaing ...
Civil
or
crimi-
nal.
Civil...
Do ...
Do ...
Do ...
Do ...
Do ...
Do ...
Do ...
Nature of
madness.
Imbecility ...
Melancholia...
Mania
Do
Do
Melancholia...
Do
Mania
Mental condition
at time of
escape.
Insane, but quiet and
hardworking.
Insane, quiet and
hardworking.
Insane; quiet, but
very lazy and re-
fused to work.
Sane ... ...
Insane, but very talk-
ative and harmless.
Insane; quiet, harm-
less, but refused to
do any work.
Insane and very
troublesome.
Insane, but quiet and
harmless.
Date of
admission to
Asylum
27th May 1892.
28th April 1885.
19th November
1892.
11th January
1893.
10th November
1892.
10th May 1893.
21st June 1893.
10th November
1891.
Date of escape.
2nd January
1893.
18th January
1893.
28th January
1893.
14th April 1893.
28th May 1893.
4th July 1893.
13th April 1893.
1st December
1893.
Date of
re-capture.
4th January 1893
10th February
1893.
16th August 1893
4th October 1893
12th December
1893.
Remarks.
Escaped from the compound of Government House, where he
was cutting grass along with five other lunatics in charge of
one warder. The warder was fined Rs. 20 by the Junior
Assistant Magistrate.
Escaped from the Asylum garden. The warder in charge
was sentenced to one month's simple imprisonment by the
Junior Assistant Magistrate.
Escaped from the criminal enclosure at about II A.M. by
climbing over the wall with the assistance of two large night¬
soil tubs. The warder on duty was sentenced to one
month's simple imprisonment.
Escaped from the Asylum cookshed where he was employed
in whitewashing. The warder in charge was fined Rs. 20
by the Junior Assistant Magistrate.
This lunatic, along with another, was sent out in charge of
a warder with food for a gang of six lunatics employed in
cleaning the Royal Artillery Mess compound. When near
the Shwe Dagôn Pagoda, Nga Shwe Oh wandered away.
The warder was sentenced to one month's simple im-
prisonment.
Escaped during the night from cottage No. 5 by breaking
out a plank in the walling. The warder on duty was
sentenced to one month's simple imprisonment.
Escaped during the night through one of the hospital win-
dows (seven weeks later he re-appeared at the Asylum
gate and asked for some money that was due to him. He
was then sent back into the Asylum). Six warders who
were on duty that night were each fined 14 days' pay.
None of them could tell at what time or how the escape
took place. The open window furnished the only evidence.
Escaped in the early morning from the Asylum garden.
The warder in charge, a careless man, was fined half a
month's pay and dismissed.