( 20 )
16. In the event of simultaneous cattle disease in Raj villages and none Raj villages,
Raj villages have priority of claim to his services.
17. Animals suffering from any manifestly incurable disease will not be admitted to
the hospital.
18. Animals not taken away from the hospital after 10 days' notice in writing has
been given to their owner or attendant at the hospital shall be sent to Dumraon pound at the
risk and cost of the said owner.
19 Animals will ordinarily be admitted, and medicine and advice given from sun rise
to sunset. Sick animals will be admitted at any time.
20. Horses must be accompanied by a syce, and cattle, &c., by an attendant who are to
attend them while in hospital.
21. Owners and attendants are not allowed to interfere in any way with the treatment
of the animals.
(Sd.) CHARLES FOX.
(Sd.) J. D. CARGILL.
4th July 1897.
APPENDIX XXVIII.
Glanders and Farcy.
THE following notes have been compiled to assist horse owners and others in appreciating
the importance of glanders and farcy and to facilitate diagnosis and preventive treatment of
cases.
NATURE OF DISEASE.
It should be clearly understood that although the words glanders and farcy (vernacular :
penus and phuria) may be commonly used as if to define two diseases, both terms signify the
same disease. Modern science has proved the diseases to be the same, though the symptoms
are different.
Glanders is a disease of equines (horses, donkeys, mules) which may be communicated to
some other animals such as dogs, goats, guinea-pigs, and to man. It is caused by a micro-
scopically small parasite called the Bacillus mallei. In this country, Glanders generally assumes
a chronic form, that is to say, it develops slowly. Animals may be apparently healthy for
a long time after they have become infected ; they may spread the disease to others without
themselves being suspected. Sooner or later the disease becomes more active in the animal's
system, and the patient presents certain clinical (visible) symptoms which will be described
below.
It is exceptional that a case of Glanders can be in a stable amid other occupants, and
that they remain free from contamination. Some are almost certain to become glandered
(or farcied) in their turn.
The symptoms of Glanders may appear and gradually pass away, the patient may
resume work, continue without symptoms for months, and again give indications of the
disease.
The old and debilitated are more prone to suffer from the disease than the young and
vigorous.
MODE OF ACCESS.
Glanders spreads from stable to stable in two ways : (a) by the introduction of an infected
horse ; (b) by the infection of one of the stud by some external agency. The germ which
causes the disease is found in the discharges of infected animals, especially in the nasal
discharges. Any means which will convey the germs from an infected to a healthy horse
will convey the disease. Therefore, besides by actual contact of animals, the disease is
spread by means of watering-troughs, mangers, food, pails, grooming utensils, surgical
dressings, &c., &c. Even the air of an infected stable is not free from danger.
PERIOD OF INCUBATION.
Actual experiment has shown that symptoms may appear three days or more after infec-
tion by inoculation, but the usual period of incubation seems to be about three weeks,
although external signs may not be evident for three months, or even three years. The
rapid development of Glanders (and also its spread) is facilitated by any debilitating influence
afrecting the animals, such as bad stable management, had feeding, over-work, bad climatic
conditions, chills, &c., &c.