4
6TH AUGUST 1892, Nos. 1790, 1790-A L., LOCAL AND MUNICIPAL.
figures for the previous year were 22,933, 99.3 and As. 6-6. There was a slight
improvement in infantile vaccination, but in other respects there was no advance.
Turning to the towns in which the results of the year under review were better
than those of 1890-91, it is observed that Nellore nearly doubled its outturn, while
Ongole made satisfactory progress. Matters improved in Tellicherry and Gudiyá-
tam—two towns that it was necessary in the review for 1890-91 to characterize
as most backward and in which vaccination was made compulsory during 1891-92.
There was improvement in most of the other towns in which vaccination was
rendered compulsory with the exception of Mangalore, Palni and Berhampore. The
falling off in Mangalore is marked. In this town in 1889-90 one vaccinator operated
on 1,460 cases and in 1890-91 on 1,190; in 1891-92 there were two vaccinators and
they accounted for only 1,658 cases. The attention of the Municipal Council is drawn
to this discreditable shortcoming. Among the towns in which vaccination was not
compulsory, Cochin had an average outturn per operator of 1,925 against 506 in
1890-91—a very creditable figure and one attained without increasing the staff. In
Tanjore, Bimlipatam and Pálghat, there was a falling off ; there was no improvement
worthy of mention in Tuticorin or Bezváda; while Wálajápet and Kanúr produced
results in every degree as unsatisfactory as in 1890-91. Infantile vaccination con-
tinued as a general rule to be neglected in District Municipalities. In Adóni and
Anantapur, over 70 per cent. of the operations performed (primary vaccination) were
on children under one year of age. It is, however, to be remarked that in Anantapur
only 231 cases in all were primarily vaccinated, and that the number of children
under one year vaccinated was 194 as against 230 in 1890-91. The high percentage
mentioned above therefore reflects no credit on the Municipal Council. Pálghat was
again at the bottom of the list, with Berhampore, Chicacole, Cocanada and Mannár-
gudi but little above it. In every one of these towns less than ten per cent. of the
operations were performed on infants. The average for all Municipalities was 40.1
per cent.; the corresponding figure for the previous year was 38.2. A larger amount
of re-vaccination was done than in the previous year.
7. Animal Vaccination.—During the year under review, the experiments with
lanoline vaccine conducted by Surgeon-Major W. G. King were completed, and in
G.O., dated 3rd September 1891, No. 2128 L , Local and Municipal, the Government
dealt with that officer's report on the subject. As stated in the order referred to, the
results attained by Dr. King's preparation compared with animal lymph fresh from
the calf were distinctly inferior, and the Government directed that whenever possible,
with a due regard to economy, fresh animal lymph should be employed in all vaccine
operations in future, and that the lanoline paste should be used only when the use of
stored lymph could not be avoided. Subsequently, in G.O., dated 10th October 1891,
No. 860, Public, the use of the lanoline paste was prohibited. Towards the end of the
year under review, animal lymph was being used in every District and Municipality,
though not to the same extent in all, while the use of humanized lymph had been
discontinued throughout the Presidency. The number of operations performed with
animal lymph of all kinds was 674,148 against 332,585 in 1890-91 and 101,153 in
1889-90. The advance is satisfactory. Of the operations, 609,229 or 90.4 per cent.
were successful. The percentage of successful cases in 1890-91 was 90.1. With
fresh animal lymph there were 330,419 operations, of which 311,624 or 94.31 per
cent. were successful. The corresponding figures for 1890-91 were 198,826,185,043
and 93.07. With preserved animal lymph other than lanoline vaccine, 112,320
operations, of which 102,323 succeeded (or 91 per cent.), were performed. The above
excludes work done by medical subordinates with lymph of all kinds including lanoline
paste. They operated on 38,046 cases, the percentage of successful cases being 82.3.
Lanoline paste was used in 202,435 cases ; the percentage of successful operations was
85.3. Madras again turned out good work. As in 1890-91, the best results were
obtained from fresh animal lymph, while preserved animal lymph proved superior to
lanoline vaccine. Two-thirds of the total number of operations in the Presidency,
as against two-fifths in 1890-91, were performed with animal lymph, and, as already
remarked, it will, under the orders of Government, be the only medium employed
in future.