NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
97
commencement of the week, the immher of new admissions, the number of transfers,
the number who left, the number of deaths, the numbar remaining and the names of
the patients and the diseases they were suffering from.
Control and
Management.
The general control was exercised by the Sub-Committee formed as under ;—
Chairman.
Mr. Nanu Narayan Kothare, J.P.
Members.
Dr. Atmaram Vasudeo Velkar.
Dr. A. P. Kothare.
Mr. Anandrao Harishankar (Treasurer).
Mr. Atmaram Juggannath Kirtikar, J.P.
Eao Bahadur Dhakji Kashinath, J.P. (Honorary Secretary).
Dr. Govindrao B. Prabhakar, J.P.
Dr. S. B. Nayak.
Dr. Yenayak S. Trilokekar.
Mr. Yenayakrao Meghasham,
The Honorary Secretary Bao Bahadur Dhakji Kashinafchji had the general
charge of the Camps and the Honorary Managers, named
Mr. Auaudrao Juggaanath j n the margin, assisted him. The voluntary work per-
Desai.
ö
.
Mr. Sokerji N. Navalkar. formed by these assistants was praiseworthy. The
Jeyakar. uxumoa ena y a^ number of families accommodated in Camps Nos. 1 and 2
was 110 consisting of 818 persons. The first family
came to the Camps on 3rd December 1899 and the last family left the Camps on 1st
June 1900. So that the Camps were utilized for six months.
Of the 110 families accommodated at the Camps 73 were accommodated free of
charge. Thus shewing that' these 73 families would have remained in their
affected houses and suffered from plague, had the camps not provided accommoda-
tion for them. There were six deaths from causes other than plague and two
births in the Camps. There wore three suspicious or plague cases which were
promptly removed to the Fever Hospital. Their hats were unroofed, disinfected,
and kept unoccupied for over 10 days. The three cases were as under :—
1. Mr. Anandrao Bhau, from Kumbharbookda, arrived at the Camp on
6th December 1899 and was removed to the Hospital on 31st idem, so he was
attacked 26 days after arrival.
2. Mankubai, from Sonapore Lane, arrived at the Camp on 31st December
1899 and was removed to the Hospital on 4th March 1900, so she was attacked 64
days after arrival,
3. Miss Gulbai, from Dukergully, arrived at the Camp on 24th February
1900 and was removed to the Hospital on 8th March 1900, so she was attacked 13
days after arrival.
It is impossible to say exactly where the first two persons caught the infection.
But since these families were in the habit of frequenting their houses for washing,
clothing, &c., owing to the scarcity of water at the Health Camps, it is just possible
that they brought the infection from their affeoted houses. Thanks to Mr. J. H.
DuBoulay, I.C.S., Deputy Commissioner, Plague Operations, two iron tanks for the
storage of water were provided and thus considerably removed the serious incon-
venience felt by the want of adequate supply of water. The third case hardly
requires any explanation.
98
It will be seen from the number of persons accommodated ID the Camps and
the very small number of deaths that occurred, that there was hardly any sickness
at the Camps. The percentage of deaths being only *73 and of plague attacks *S : 6.
It was noticeable that the general health of the inmates was very good, notwith-
standing that they had to endure certain discomforts inseparable from sudden
change from their regular residences into the temporary Camps. It has been
recognized that the discovery of plague cases is the basis of all plague administra-
tion. The measures adopted by us were so effective that no case of death from
plague occurred in our Camps.
I have very great pleasure to subjoin a copy of the remarks made in the
visitor's book by the District Plague Officer, District No. 5, which are appreciating
and encouraging.
<c I visited the Pathare Parbhu Health Camp and was shewn all over it by its
energetic and able Manager Bao Bahadur Dhakji Kashinath, J.P. It was deservedly
considered to be a model camp last year and it certainly has not in way deteriorated
since then. Bao Bahadur Dhakji Kashinath and the gentlemen of his community
who have devoted so much of their time and money to the comfort and well being of
their co-religionists, may be heartily congratulated on the success lhat has attended
their efforts. The knowledge that their labours and self-sacrifice have resulted
in rescuing many of their caste-men from the danger of infection and a deadly
disease, must be very gratifying to them and I feel sure they have earned the
gratitude of the whole of their community—nothing could be more perfect than the
arrangements that have been made for the accommodation of the inmates of the
Camp on a sound and sanitary basis. The Camp is a model of neatness and cleanli-
ness. Rules have been framed and are posted up at conspicuous places in the
Camp, particular attention being paid to the sanitary condition of the occupants and
the Camp itself and its vicinity. I was much struck with the measure taken for the
prevention of fire, the danger of which has been reduced to a minimum. The Camp
is visited daily by medical inspecting officers who belong to the community and
have offered their services gratuitously. Everything I saw afforded proof of systematic
management and forethought on the part of the gentlemen who have undertaken
to erect and maintain this admirable Health Camp."
Honorary Secretary and General Manager.
Bao Bahadur Dhakji Kashhiath, J.P.
Assistant Honorary Managers.
Mr. Juggannath Anandrao Desai.
Mr. S. N. Navalkar.
Mr. Luxuraon Yenayekrao Jeyakar.
The whole under the general control of a Sub-Committee of which Nanu
Narayan Kothare, Esq., is Chairman.
Medical Inspecting Officers.
Dr. G. B. Prabhakar.
Dr. A. V. Velkar.
Dr. V. S. Trilokakar.
Dr. S. B. Nayak.
Dr. A. P. Kothare.
W, A. CÜPPAGE, CATT.,
20ίλ April 1900.
Dist. Plague 0/cer, € Ward.
102
The following statement shows the number of plague cases that occurred among the contacts and evicts in the camps mentioned—classified
according to the interval between arrival in camp and attack.
How many days
after admission.
Same day
...
1
„
..
2
days
3
4
„
5
6
7
8
9
„
10
„
11 to 20 days ...
Over 20 „
Total ...
Vittal
Sajan».
0.
•í
X
3
5
1
1
...
···
···
1
4
2
18
E.
1
1
1
1
...
1
I
...
1
4
11
Elphmstone
Bridge.
C.
2
1
1
1
2
..1
1
2
»t
...
10
B.
···
2
2
3
1
...
...
···
·**
1
2
11
Charni
Boad.
C.
4
1
5
4
1
2
3
1
...
2
3
7
33
E.
1
4
...
3
2
...
2
1
2
1
...
16
Gokaldas
Tejpal.
C.
·»·
3
3
2
4
3
1
2
1
1
4
.3
27
E.
**·
3
1
2
...
2
2
...
3
4
17
Grant
Boad.
C.
1
1
6
1
2
...
1
1
1
14
E.
··»
2
...
.·»
,.·
.·.
2
Ghowpatti.
C.
4
3
1
··.
...
8
E.
1
5
2
5
2
1
3
19
Balara m
Camp.
C.
...
.·.
...
rt.
1
1
E.
2
3
.«
...
2
7
Gilder
Street.
C.
...
...
.··
...
E.
1
1
2
1
5
Narielwadi.
C.
1
.3
10
2
...
• •t
1
1
18
E.
1
2
4
1
...
...
...
...
8
Wari
Bunder.
C.
4
2
1
1
4
··»
2
2
2
18
E.
5
1
4
2
«*.
1
...
...
1
14.
Byculla.
C.
...
1
1
1
...
...
...
1
4
E.
2
1
2
2
...
...
2
...
9
Northbrook
Gardens.
C.
3
1
• ·*
...
1
1
1
1
8
E.
...
1
1
...
···
...
2
Babula
Tank.
C.
2
1
o
1
...
1
7
E.
1
...
...
1
1
3
Pira
Lane.
C.
o
...
1
...
..·
...
...
3
E.
...
...
• •t
...
...
...
···
Total,
C.
6
28
25
22
16
13
5
9
2
7
7
16
13
169
E.
2
21
16
18
18
5
6
8
o
5
1
12
10
124
Note.—There were no cases in tho Ciuickshank Camp.
104
having larger mains, but it was only in Matoonga, in the camps between the
G. I. P. and B. B. & 0.1. By., where this want was really very much felt. The
remaining camps had ample water. The B. B. & 0.1. Railway authorities were
most accommodating in allowing me to drain surplus water from the Matoonga
camp to their borrow pits, thus enabling me to overcome what at first appeared to me
to be a serious difficulty as the land round the camps is quite flat. The halalkore
service was most ably carried out by Dr. Sorab Hormusjee, District Health Officer,
No. 4 Division, and his staff. Their work left very little to be desired.
The attitude of the people was throughout the whole camps most friendly,
and only in one or two instances did people make themselves at all objectionable.
No trouble was experienced in the disinfection of huts, but there was no doubt a
certain amount of concealment of sickness, though people for the most part preferred
to give information.
The camps extended from Dadar Road and Naigaon Cross Road to Mahim and
Sion, and there were also many people living west of B. B. & C. I. and south of
Dadar on the open flats as far as Worli Second Pacacli. Different communities
had their separate camps, which were looked after by Committees, and these gave
me great assistance. On the East of G. I. P. Railway many people were encamped
and amongst others were a number of Ghatis from Jan Mahomed's Chawl at Dadar
Road and these people gave much trouble.
The whole of the camps were placed under the District Officer with Mr. Harvey
as Camp Master, who took over charge of his duties on the 17th December 1899.
Mr. Harvey worked in conjunction with the sectional medical officers of the
respective sections in which the camps were and called on them to diagnose cases of
sickness, plague, &c. During his tour of duty Mr. Harvey was given the aid of 5
Police Ramosees and 6 Registration Ramosees who all did most excellent work.
The number of cases of plague reported by Mr. Harvey was 69. The number of
cholera cases was 5. The number of small-pox cases was 10. Cases not trace-
able were 4. Cases isolated, nil. Casos not fit to be removed, 2.
With regard to the help received from the Volunteers Mr. Dhuru and Mr. W.
R. Kerker in the Dadar Camps, Rao Bahadur Trimbuk Vaidya and Mr. Pendse
and Messrs. Pathuk and Hate in the Matoonga Camps, Mr. Lad and Mr. Rele
and Mr. Manjrekar in the Vincent Road Camps, Mr. J. J. Barretto in Wadalla
Camp, Rao Saheb N. Dalvi and Rao Saheb Sitaram Khanderao in the Sion
Koli Camps, Mr. Mahale in the Mahim Camps, and the Patels in the Worli
Ivoliwada gave me the greatest assistance, both in reporting cases and in seeing
the camps kept clean.
The following is the account of the funds generously placed at the
disposal of the Bombay Municipality by the Government of India for
the construction, of health camps, vide G-. R. SP*-j °f l"th November,
1898.
>-•»
o
Cn
RECEIPTS and EXPENDITURE on Plague Camps during the year ending 31rf May 1900.
Month and Date.
"July 3rd, 1899
October I7tli, 1899 ...
March 27th, TJOO ...
Receipts.
Received from the Accountant- General, Bombay ...
Do.
do.
do.
Do.
do.
do.
(a) Excludes Rs. 15,000 received on 3rd July
1899, erroneously shown in the Statement
of Expenditure up to 31st May 18^9.
Carrried over ...
Amounts.
Es. a, p.
(a) 741 4 1
15,000 0 0
25,000 0 0
50,000 0 0
90,741 4 1
Expenditure.
Do. additional huts at Goculdas Tejpal Camp
Do. small huts for stores at Marine Lines
Do, 100 additional huts at Ohumey Road
Do
huts at Pllphinsfcone Bridge Gamp ...
...
...
ConstiTiGtin 0 * 30 huts Worli Pakhadi
...
...
...
Do. ° additional sheds at the Chowpatti Camp
Erecting segregation sheds at Elphinsfcone Koad
Do
do
at Mahim ...
...
••«
...
...
Do. 8 sheds at Mahim Compound, Tulsi Pipe Line
Do. sheds at the Junction of Vincent Boad
Do.
do.
at Kaigam Camp
Constructing sheds at Arthur Crawford Market
Do,
segregation sheds at Victoria Bundar, Colaba
Erecting new sheds at Vithal Sayana Camp, Colaba...
Re-constructing sheds at
do.
do
Constructing new camps at Goculdas Tejpal Health Camp
Re-constructing Dhobhee Camp at Arthur Road Hospital
Erecting Mahomedan Camps at Morland Eoad
Carried over ...
Amounts.
Es. a. p.
750 8 9
336 13 2
4 6 0
4,440 7 8
5,215 12 4
720 15 1
54 9 3
2,270 5 5
1,443 0 0
139 7 0
74 15 2
364 5 10
317 8 11
523 8 6
567 8*8
620 12 1
- 213 3 3
366 2 9
804 13 0
236 0 0
380 11 0
376 10 6
1,245 6 3
5,006 4 4
585 5 0
622 12 9
445 11 .0 ___
27 ? 927 15 8
IP*
o
O5
RECEIPTS and EXPENDITURE on Plague Camps during the year ending 31st May 1900.
Month and Date.
Receipts.
Brought forward ..
,
Tofcal Kupeea
...
Amounts.
Rs.
90,741
90,741
a.
4
4
P-
1
1
Expenditure.
Brought forward ...
Erecting 20 rooms in the Gamps, Beni Israel Hospital
Erecting Health Camps for Mahars at Gilder Street
Erecting Compound at Elphinstone Bridge Camp
....
, M
Total payment up to 31st May 1900...
Balance in hand..*
Total Bupees...
Amounts.
Rs.
27,927
93
527
831
1,788
307
1,042
714
305
2
93
8,284
5,741
47,109
43,tf31
90,741
a.
15
1
0
15
4
12
4
4
0
8
6
0 1
15
9
11
w*M
4
P-
8
7
0
2
9
4
6
8
4
0
6
0
1
0
1
1
NOTES— 00 In addition to this sum Rs. 2,755-10-8 have been paid from 1st June to 29th June 1900 and bills for Rs. 8,000 are under audit.
(&) Total receipts per account made Tip to 31st May 1899.
Es. 60,000 0 0
„
„
„
„
as above to „
„ 1800.
„ 90,000 0 0
Rs. 1,50,000 0 0
Total Expenditure per account made up to 31st May 1 899.
.,, 59,2581111
.,
.,
„ „ „ 1900,
„ 47,109 9 0
"
"
"
" " "
' - '-,--..
„ 1,00,368 411
-Balance Rs. 43,631 11 1
107
CHAPTER VI.
Discretional Relief.
The origin of the Discretional Relief Fund, its purposes and the
methods of its distribution were very fully described in last year's report;.
Principles of
Distribution.
p
The following extract from Capt. Lock s report is applicable mutatis
mutandis to the whole City :—
" This fund is divided under three headings—(1) Hospital Relief, (2) Com-
"pensation, (3) Relief in Camps/'
'* (1). Hospital Relief.—The money spent under this heading has been (a)
" to provide clothing to the patients on discharge, (ft) to give each patient a small
" amount of money to allow him to make a start.
" There is no doubt that nothing has gone further to popularise our hospitals
*' than the care of the patients on discharge. They go away happy with some good
" clothes and a couple of rupees to show to friends who never expected to see them
'* again. The allowance to a patient who has been over a month in hospital is Rs. 2
" in cash with 1 blanket and for males, 1 bundy, 1 dhotie and 1 puggaree; for females,
" 1 saree and 1 chowlee. The cash is most acceptable to those patients sent out conva-
" lescent and not likely to be quite fit to start a hard day's work,
"(2). Compensation.—This is money spent in any kind of legitimate compon-
" sation— damage to property in disinfecting ; necessary burning of badly soiled
" clothes of patients ; payment of cart hire for taking kits of contacts and evicts to
" camps. Hard and fast rules are impossible and. every discretion is used by me in
" assigning monies paid as compensation. In this district the amount paid in the year
" has been Rs. 1,119-13-3. I am of opinion that never had money been better spent
*' and it has gone a long way to popularise our measures. The claims paid have
" been legitimate charges on the funds from which the money is drawn.
'* (3). Relief in Camps.—Under this heading are sums paid for the temporary
" support of women and children in camps who have been rendered for the time des-
" titute either owing to the death of the father or that the father is nursing his'sick
" wife. There are a hundred ways in which such a fund can be legitimately and dis-
" creetly expended by a District Officer and there is nothing he is more thankful
*' for than that he has such a fund to use. The amount spent in this district during
" the year has been Rs. 250-3-3."
Mr. Lund's
report for the
Arthur. Road
and Mahratta
Hospitals.
Mr. George Lund most kindly continued to look after the distribu-
tion of the fund in the two principal hospitals—the Arthur Road and the
Mahratta—and his report is given below:—
" Total for both Hospitals.
Clothing biscuits, fruits, etc.
Bs. a. p.
2,809 0 0
1,809 12 0
Total disbursements .. Rs. 7,841 4 6
1Q8
" The basis which I laid down for the administration of the fund was that each
" convalescent requiring assistance should reo'eive Es. 2 for food and Re. 1 for
" lodging. Those with a home to go to Es. 2 for food. Bad recoveries and those-
" with children or relatives dependent upon them an extra amount according to
" circumstances. Necessitous contacts whose relatives have died of plague have also
" been given help from the fund.
" Small quantities of blankets and clothing, an extra quality of brandy,. bovril,
*' and codliver oil and maltine, biscuits and fruits in their season have been provided.
" The two latter are immensely appreciated and are liberally distributed. Cards for
" the amusement of adults and toys for the children have been provided. Wheel-
u barrows, swings, and horses on wheels give the greatest amount of pleasure.
" Native clay toys which were originally brought were found to be too fragile,
" and too easily lost. Books have also been supplied to the few who could read.
" Early in the year I tad the pleasure of distributing a large number of toys, dolls,
" etc., between the Modikhana, the Mahratta and Arthur Eoad Hospitals, most
" kindly sent out from England by Mrs. "Woodburn.
" The Wards are frequently visited and enquiries made of the nursing Sisters-
" for any deserving cases coining under their notice.
" In giving the money every effort is made to give it in such a way as to
" convince the recipients of the benevolent intentions of Government in its be-
"stowal.
" That the fund is having a beneficial effect there is no question. The days
" for distribution of biscuits and fruits are eagerly looked forward to. Convales-
*'cents on discharge look for the help which they know awaits them. Voluntary
" admissions, I am told, have been much more frequent during, this epidemic than
" last in both Hospitals.
" Owing to famine the sending of people to their homes has been much restrict--
<c ed. Great care has to be exercised at all times, as the request is often made with
'' the sole object of trying to get more money by bribing the peon who is sent to
'' the Eailway Station not to purchase the ticket, but to give the money, reserving
" a portion for himself. This, the precautions taken, prevent him from doing if he
" would. Cases having occurred in which people have refused to go at the last
" moment, each person is now clear]y given to understand that if any attempt at
tc bribery is made or on refusal to go the whole grant will be forfeited."
" The following are some of the typical cases which have been dealt with :—
" Gunnoo Bhiwa, having his mother dependent upon him, received rupees four,
t( Tookeram Mahipati, a bad recovery and very weak, rupees five..
" Gewaki (a widow), old and decrepit, rupees six.
" Balaji Lakoba, 50 years of age, rupees four.
<c Eshwadabaij widow with 3 children, rupees seven.
" Santoo Bhiwa, weakly woman with baby in arms, rupees six.
" Janoo Mahudoo, partially crippled after plague, rupees five.-
" Aba, husband died of plague, was sent to her country at a cost of rupee*
seven.
" B'.i:n Pursnd, blind from plague, rupees five.
109
" Awtar Devi was 5 months in hospital and became a helpless cripple, as a
"special case he and his wife were sent to their country at a cost of rupees twenty-
"five.
" Gungabai, widow with 3 children, received rupees seven.
" Junki, widow, and her daughter, both quite destitute and friendless, were sent
' home at a cost of rupees twelve.
" Two widows, Aradabai and Chima, husbands died of plague, were sent home
* at a cost of rupees ten each.
e
*' Gopal Babajee, who made a bad recovery, was sent to his relatives up-country
' at a cost of rupees eight.
"Baija Dhondi, widower with young child and grand-mother dependent on
*' him, rupees eight.
" Tookerain Bapu, wife and 3 young children dependent on him, rupees six.
" Amena Hussan, no friends in Bombay, sent home at a cost of rupees five.
a Hurni Rowji, husband died of plague, left with 3 young children, received
" rupees ten.
** Eshi Kadari, an old man, whose son died of plague, was sent home at a cost of
* l rupees five.
" Andi Balla, husband died of plague, left with one child, sent home at a cost of
*' rupees eight.
" Chima, old woman, husband died of plague, received rupees four.
" Dustoori, widow, without friends in Bombay, sent to her country at a eost
"of rupees ten.
" Dewji Manaji and wife, both infirm, received rupees five.
" Balla Krishna, partially paralysed after plague, rupees five.
" Powli, woman, lower limbs paralysed, sent to her country at a cost of
" rupees ten.
" Hani, widow left with 3 children, received rupees eight.
" Orphans in the Mahratta Hospital.
" There are 10 orphans in that hospital under the care of the nursing Sisters,
" some of an age when instruction should be given to them preparatory to their
" being placed out in life. The creation of an orphanage has been talked about
" for some time, but so far nothing has been done. I hope some rich and philan-
" throphic member of the community will come forward and establish such an institu-
" tion, of which I believe there is not one in Bombay, in which I shall be happy to
" take any part in which I can be of use.*'
" GEORGE LUND,
" Official Plague Hospital Visitor,
Mahratha and Arthur Road Hospitals."
Satemeut of
Expenditure.
Below is a statement showing the amounts expended by the various
officers to whom advances were entrusted:-—
Ill
CHAPTER VII.
Volunteers.
Number of
'Volunteers.
B Ward (South) ...
B Ward (North) ...
C Ward
D Ward
E Ward (West) ...
B Ward (Byculla)
E Ward (Wari Bandar)
F and Or Wards ...
Central District .,.
•*•
•••
•••
To
...
»••
»•
tal..
27
27
33
218
176
SO
7
4
67
142
. 736
The total number of volunteers on the various committees in each
district is marginally shewn. But as will appear from the list at the end
of this chapter, only about one-fourth of
these did any useful work. The remaining
three-fourths were purely ornamental. This
is not very greatly to be wondered at. Muny
of these gentlemen have been working hard
for more than three years, and almost all
have now been volunteers for more than
two. The work is of a distasteful character,
and monotonous in the extreme ; its dangers remain, but its novelty
has worn off. Every endeavour was made to stimulate the jaded, but
admonitions and appeals alike fell flat. All the greater credit is due
to those who continued to work.
Work of Vo-
lunteers.
In A Ward, and E Ward, West, the volunteers,as a body, have stuck
to their self-imposed duties not only steadily, but enthusiastically.
Their services were always at the disposal of the District Officer
whenever any trouble or difficulty arose, they helped in discovering cases,
in removing coses, in evacuating houses., in superintending disinfection,
in distributing relief, in inoculation, and in every branch of the District
Officer's work. The volunteers in E Ward, West, were in addition most
regular in visiting every part of their district, and the very large number
of cases of sickness reported by them is a testimony to the efficiency of
their work. In A Ward this branch of voluntary work was hardly so
good as in the past; but the Colaba volunteers continued to maintain the
Stuart Strong Hospital, and devoted much time and trouble to making it
popular and successful.
In B Ward, North, very similar remarks apply. Excellent work was
done by several of the volunteers, and most of them did some work, but
they required a good deal of stimulating. Regarding the Naigaum
Committee in F Ward, Captain Boileuu writes :^—
u These gentlemen have devoted themselves to their work, and I have practically
" lei't tbeir section to them. They visited the whole section daily after hearing th«
''registration Eamosi's reports in the morning, and either removed the sick, registered
" the contacts' names, saw them oft' to hospital or camp, or carried out evacuation as
''the cases required. Is'otling seems to have escaped them, and no cases that I could
•" hear of were missed."
" In addition to this, they, from their own funds, contributed Us. 2,500 to the
u upkeep of the Sarvajanik Hospital in which many lives were saved, the high pcr-
" centage of .31 being reached. This hospital formed part of their daily round, ,^nd