17. The three largest towns in the Punjab, Multan, Amritsar and
Lahore recorded fever death-rates of 30.46, 29.95 and 25.89 against 15;78, 13.57
and 21.13 in the previous year. The figures for the years 1908, 1909, 1916
and 1917 of these towns are given in the following table :—
Table III.
Showing fever mortality and total mortality rates of the largest towns in the Punjab.
No.
l
2
3
Name of towns.
Lahore
Amritsar
Multan
¡1908
Fever
month
lity rate.
33.69
68.16
23.80
Total
morta-
rate.
56.41
94.67
45.14
1909
Fever
month
lity
rate.
22.56
2.32
23.04
Total
morta-
rate.
34.68
39.05
56.88
1916
Fever
month
lity
rate.
21.13
13.57
15.78
Total
morta-
rate.
36.47
39.94
35.21
1917
Fever
month
lity
rate.
25.89
29.95
30.46
Total
morta-
rate.
44.40
66.58
52.67
18. From this it will be seen that at Multan the death-rate was con-
siderably higher than it was in 1908, and that, though the towns of Lahore and
Amritsar also suffered badly, the severity of the epidemic at Amritsar, as
judged by the motality, was not more than about half of what it was in that
year.
19. The epidemic figure for Amritsar was 13.3 in the year 19.'8,10*7
in 1387 and 9.8 in the year under review, much higher than the figure for the
intervening years. It is, however, necessary, to obtain a proper estimate of
the unhealthiness of Amritsar, to take the total mortality rate into considera-
tion when comparing the intensity of the epidemics of these two years or of
previous epidemics as it has been found that for the last three years, for some
reasons not yet explained, the respiratory death-rate has risen in such a way as
to make it seem very likely that the " fever rate " for 1917 has been much
understated.
20. Table II of Appendix B shows that in the smaller towns a fever
death-rate as high as 95.03 was recorded in Rajanpur, 78.41 in Kot Mithan,
70.51 in Dajal, 63'G5 in Firozpur-Jhirka, 60.91 in Khangarh, 54.52 in Karor,
50.43 in Pakpattan, 50.2l in Shujabad, 49.36 in Begowala 45.67 in Chubar-
kana, 44'19 in Kamalia, Hafizabad 43.89, Sahiwal 43.09, Sodhra 43.08,
Baghbanpura 43.04 and Kila Didar Singh 40.27. In the previous year the rate
was highest in Begowala 54.41, Karor 48.82, Kila Didar Singh 44.34, Bhakkar
36.01, Miani 28.01, Khangarh 27.17, Leiah 25.45, Pind Dadan Khan 25.40,
Gujranwala 25.39, Wazirabad 25.31, Ramnagar 24.16 and Sodhra 24.00.
The towns affected to a markedly less extent by the effect of fever, as
shown by the fever mortality rate in Table II of Appendix B were Rewari
with 1.69, Dalhousie with 3.20, Kangra 3.59, Sargodha 531, Muktsar 6.34,
Dharinkot 6.49, Nankana 6.85, Mitranwali 6.91, Patehabad (Hissar) 7.07, Gojra
7.20, Murree 7.35 and Banga 7.39. In the previous year the lowest rates
were 069 for Rewari, 2.03 for Gojra, 3.05 for Sargodha, 6.24 for Shahabad,
6.32 for Dharmkot, 6.57 for Tarn Taran, 6.91 for Mitranwali, 6.97 for Hafiz-
bad and 7.10 for Akalgarh.
¿1. The urban and rural death-rates from fever were 21.46 and 26.91
respectively, against 14.87 and 19.90 in the previous year ; they are much
lower than those in 1908 in which year they were recorded as 22.53 and 34.90,
respectively.
22. The provincial fever death-rate of 26.42 was exceeded in 11 dis-
tricts and 35 towns ; but if the urban death-rate were considered separately, the
number of towns would mount up to 58.
.
V