9
38. For the above observations three camels were obtained :—
(i) Supposed to be a quite recent case, No. III, ten years of age,
(ii) Attacked with Surra three months before arrival, No. I, six years of
age,
(iii) Attacked with Surra 8th June, 1901, No. II, eight years of age.
Daily microscopical observations were made and maintained for a period of 140
days (23rd November, 1902, to 11th April, 1903), with a view to obtain an
exact knowledge of the life history of the organism, during the paroxysms and
intermissions of this disease, in order to discover whether the " Trypanosoma"
differs in any way from that observed in Equine Surra.
39. Further other important questions propounded with a view to their
elucidation were placed "en train," viz.:—
(i) Will inoculated Surra, conveyed from camels to Equines,—when
the "materies morbi" of the disease utilized is obtained during
the early period of the malady,—bring about a fatal termination
in the inoculated animals ?
(ii) If a fatal termination occurs in No. (i) experiment, may not a time
arrive during the prolonged course of Surra in some camels, when
the Trypanosoma will fail to bring about a fatal termination in
Equines ?
40. With regard to the most important result obtained up to the present,
in a pony inoculated with 1.0 c.c. of blood from a Surra camel, containing
Trypanosoma in large numbers, the animal after a period of 116* days—on 85th
of which the Trypanosoma was present in the circulation,—has been found to
be in a far better condition than when inoculated, and has not as yet exhibited
any of the marked symptoms so common to inoculated Surra in Equines.
It may here be mentioned that in the absolutely fatal disease in Equines,
the usual length of time elapsing between the first day of disease and death in
inoculated cases varies from 20 to 56 days, so that the animal under observation
has now survived for a period twice as long as the maximum period in an
animal the subject of inoculated Equine Surra.
41. Of course, the above-mentioned three camels remain under observation
together with experimental animals, and it is hoped that further developments
from the point of view of conferring immunity on Equines, through the
medium of the camel Trypanosoma, may be a result of the continued research.
42. I may mention that one outcome of the investigations with regard to
Surra in India, has been the wide dissemination of my Surra reports, both in
the eastern and western hemispheres, and during this winter an American com-
mission from the Philippine Islands headed by Brigadier General Wint, United
States Army, was deputed by the Commander-in-Chief in India, to visit
Bareilly and obtain from me all possible information with regard to the
intimate etiology and treatment of Surra in this country.
43. Dourine.—In my letter No. 271, dated 24th April, 1900, to the Secre-
tary to the Director-General, Indian Medical Service, I requested that informa-
tion might be forwarded to me with the regard to the occurrence of a disease
in stallions and mares known under the name of Dourine or 'Maladie du coit.'
The Department of Revenue and Agriculture in their No. 815—76-2, dated
9th June, 1900, signified the following order :—
"The necessary instructions have been issued to the Inspector-General,
Civil Veterinary Department, and the Principal Veterinary Officer in India to
keep Dr. Lingard informed from time to time of the occurrence of any case
or cases of a certain disease 'Dourine' allied to Surra, as well as any inform-
ation that may be obtainable concerning them."
44. The first case recognized was that of a stallion Quarter Arab at Babu¬
garh, in July, 1901, inoculation experiments conducted with blood from the
plaques and from the general circulation proved negative, but useful photographs
were secured of the animal showing the plaques.
45. Since 1902, two animals, an Arab and an English stallion, have been
received from Veterinary-Major H. T. Pease, Principal, Veterinary College,
Lahore, and at present the disease is being closely studied in English, Arab and
Australlian stallions and Australlian and country mares.
* The same remark holds good 158 days after inoculation.