44
SUMMARY OF OBSERVATIONS MADE WITH REGARD TO THE CHANGES OCCURRING IN THE CONSTITU-
ENTS OF THE URINE, AND THE INGESTA AND EGESTA, BEFORE. AND AFTER SEVERAL UNSUCCESSFUL
INOCULATIONS WITH THE HÆMATOZOON OF THE BANDICOOT, AND BEFORE AND AFTER THE
ADMINISTRATION OF THE DOUBLE IODIDES OF ARSENIC AND MERCURY.
Donkey No. IV.
This animal, a country bred, aged 10 years, height 9 hands, 2 inches, was in good health
and condition.
Subcutaneous inoculation was performed at intervals as under—with blood derived
from different Bandicoots, with a view to produce Surra, but always with negative results.
(i) 12th Sept. 1894.—Inoculated subcut. 0.6 c.c.
(ii) 9th Dec. 1894.— „
(iii) 15th Jan. 1895.— „
(iv) 17th Jan. 1895.— „
(v) 22nd Jan. 1895 (on muzzle) trace
(vi) 3rd April 1895.— „
(vii) 8th April 1895.— „
„
3.25cc.
2.4
2.6
2.0
7.5
blood
„
„
„
„
„
„
containing very numerous hæ-
„
„
„
„
„
„
matozoa.
swarms of hæmatozoa.
swarming
„
teeming
„
very numerous hæ-
matozoa.
„ „
numerous
„
Between the 5th and 6th inoculations after a period of observation, the animal was
submitted to a course of the Iodides of Arsenic and Mercury, with two objects in view—(i) To
observe the changes which occurred in the constituents of the urine, during and after the
administration of the drug, as also with regard to the corpuscular elements of the blood.
(ii) To render the animal, if possible, more susceptible to the organism of the Bandicoot
at the succeeding inoculation.
The following are the points of interest noted :—
Water drunk.—The quantity varied considerably throughout the case, from 1.90 to
7.82 litres daily. On reference to Table XXXIII, it will be seen that the gradual rise
during the last 92 days the animal was under observation, took place during the months of
January to April inclusive, the progressively hot months in the Deccan. For the whole
period of 228 days the quantity averaged 4.01 litres daily.
Water in food.—In addition to the above, must be added a mean daily average of 5.49
lbs. of water in the fodder and grain, equal to a total of 6.5 litres or 14.31 lbs. The ratio
of the total water egested to ingested, averaged during the whole period of 228 days, 1: 2.13.
The average amount of water ingested daily was about 1/13 th of the body weight at the
commencement, and 1/12th at the end of the case.
Food.—The food consisted of hay, lucerne, barley and bran, but the two latter were
discontinued after the 87th day under observation, the fodder alone being given. The
animal weighed at the commencement of the investigation 192.20 lbs. and at the end, 228
days later, 179.9 lbs. This shows a difference of about 12 lbs., but the weight a week
previously shows the variability due to the accumulation of fæces in the intestines, and
urine in the bladder.
Urine.—The mean daily urine, which was 1,540 c.c. for the first six days after the
first inoculation, fell during the succeeding 80 days' observation to a mean of 814 c.c.; it
rose again immediately after the 2nd, 4th and 5th inoculations. During the administration
of the iodides, the daily quantity was lowered, but as in the case of Horse No. LXXXIX
(1st series), it greatly increased after the iodides were discontinued, and this increase
was maintained for a long period.
Urea.—The effect of the different inoculations was to lower the excretion of urea from
23.78 to 10.02 grammes daily, or 2.37 to 1. As with the urine, the Iodides of Arsenic and
Mercury caused a gradual rise during the administration of the drugs, and a continuous and
marked rise for the next 58 days the animal was under observation. This ratio was as 1: 1.85.
Hippuric Acid.—A few days after the first inoculation, hippuric acid appeared in the
urine for the first time; immediately after the other inoculations the amount decreased, but
rose again during the period of rest before the succeeding inoculation. During the period
of observation previous to administering the iodides, the mean daily quantity was 12.62
grammes, which diminished while the iodides were being taken, to 8.27 grammes, and fur-
ther to 2.39 grammes after they were discontinued. After the sixth and seventh inocula-
tions, the mean average excretion was only 0.24 and 0.97 grammes respectively.
Albumen.—Traces were passed occasionally on 22 days out of the 228, chiefly after the
first and second inoculations. The total amount excreted was only 1.17 grammes.
Total Solids in the Urine.— The total solids were decreased during the administration of
iodides, but gradually rose during the 36 days succeeding, from 86.32 to 118.41 grammes,
but again decreased after the seventh inoculation.
Dung.—The mean daily average of dung varied from 5.79 to 7.50 lbs. during the
first eight periods. During the administration of iodides it fell from 7.30 to 5.51 lbs. daily,
but in the next succeeding periods rose to 6.21 and 7.75, respectively, and after the seventh
inoculation attained 7.95 lbs.