22
Horse No. XCVI.
Country-bred chestnut, entire, aged, weight 648 lbs.
This experiment was undertaken with a view to reproducing Surra, somewhat after the
natural mode, viz., by gastric ingestion of soiled blood, and later to submit the animal to treat-
ment by arsenic. Data were recorded daily of the output of urine and urea, together with the
quantity of water drunk.
Urine.—The average daily amount of urine during the latent period was 2,619 c.c. or a
little over the normal. In the paroxysms it was increased to 4,702 c.c., and in the intermissions
it again fell to 2,933 c.c.
Urea.—During the latent period the average daily excretion amounted to 82.93 grammes,
in the paroxysm lasting five days it rose to 192.39 grammes or over three times the normal, and
on the last day of the paroxysm it reached 267.34 grammes or 9.4 ounces, equal to about
30 ounces of pure proteid.
Hippuric Acid.—It is of interest to note, that although the amount of this acid excreted
daily, varied from nil to 26.2 grammes, yet the mean daily averages during the latent period,
paroxysm and intermission were almost identical, viz., 7.45, 7.29, 7.63 grammes, respectively.
The respective periods lasting 7, 5 and 12 days.
Arsenic.—Treatment was commenced on the same evening of the day on which the Trypano-
soma made its appearance in the blood, and was continued for 15.5 days, when death occurred.
The total amount of arsenic was 178 grains or an average of 5.76 grains per dose.
Albumen.—No albumen appeared in the urine until the paroxyms, when a trace was present
on one day. Minute quantities appeared also during the intermission, in all 0.698 grammes
being passed.
TABLE VII.
HORSE XCVI. Showing the mean daily averages and ratios, in latent period and treated
Surra, of Urine and its constituents, &c., together with the water drunk.
Periods.
Number of days.
Urine
Ratio
Urea
Ratio
Hippuric Acid
...
Ratio
...
Water
Ratio
Ratio urea to urine
„ urine to water
Arsenic
* Albumen ...
Quantity.
c.c.
Grammes.
Grammes.
Litres.
1:
1:
Grains.
Grammes.
Latent
Period.
7
2,691
1
82.93
1
7.45
1
19.36
1
32.40
7.19
...
...
Parox-
ysms.
5
4,702
1.74
192.39
2.32
7.29
0.97
25.54
1.32
24.40
4.58
9.20
9.214
Intermis-
sions.
12
2,933
1.09
143.95
1.73
7.63
1.02
18.31
0.95
20.40
6.24
16.18
0.484
Whole
Period.
24
3,231
1.20
136.24
1.64
7.50
1.00
19.29
0.99
23.71
5.97
...
...
Remarks.
*Total quan-
tity entered.
C.—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT.
The following experiments were made to determine the efficacy of subjecting healthy
animals to drugs, sufficient to cause the full physiological effects, previous to submitting them
to experimental inoculation with Surra. The chemicals made use of during these experiments
were—
(a) Arsenic, as Liq. Arsenicalis.
(b) Triodide of Arsenic and Binoxide of Mercury.
In these two cases—Horses Nos. XCVIII and XCIX—the quantity of urine, urea, hippuric
acid and albumen, together with the water drunk, were noted daily.
The following are some of the results :—
Horse No. XCVIII.
Australian mare, aged. Height 15-3. Body weight 947 lbs.
Urine.—During a period of 21 days health, the daily average of urine voided was 3,163 c.c.;
the daily average during the 54 days' administration of Arsenic (a daily dose 5.94 grains), was
2,851 c.c., showing a decrease, the effect of the Arsenic. At this stage subcutaneous inoculation
with Surra was performed, and during the ensuing period of incubation, lasting five days, the
average daily output was largely increased, viz., 6,039 c.c. daily, and in the intermissions it fell
to 3,976 c.c. daily