NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
( 4 )
" indulgence of vicious habits, all of which are often to be traced directly to
" sedentary pursuits, in impure air, and an exercise of the mind totally dispropor-
" tioned to that of the body. By these a state of the system is often engendered
" that no course of medication without a total change of habits can remove."
6. Clothing.—The clothing for both sexes was of fair quality and kept in
good order, and the bedding, while ample for each patient, was clean and its con-
dition well looked after.
7. Diet.—The suggestion to increase the quantity of meat from 4 to 8
ounces per man during the months of October, November, and December (up to
the 15th) was sanctioned in the early part of the year and the salutary effect on the
inmates proved the efficacy of the step.
The prices of the principal articles of diet were below those of the two preced-
ing years, particularly in rice; and, as previously, the same contractor supplied
the food, which was well cooked and under the supervision of the overseer,
whose unvarying attention to this important item of routine left nothing to be
desired.
POPULATION, ADMISSIONS, &C.
8. Statistics.—On the 31st December 1881 there were 175 inmates in the
asylum, namely, 155 males and 20 females. During 1882 there were 61 admis-
sions, 56 males and 5 females, and 8 re-admissions, i. e., 7 males and 1 female,
bringing up the number treated to 218 males and 26 females and the gross total
to 244.
In the same period the number discharged exceeded that of 1881 by 2 males
and 3 females, being 21 and 5 for the respective sexes as against 19 and 2.
The number of re-admissions for the year, that is, of cases that had fallen ill
again after having recovered formerly, was 8. This is a large number and
beyond our average for past years. But this is to be expected, as the older the
asylum gets the larger in number its re-admissions will be, for mental disease is
unquestionably, in many cases, liable to recur after it has been recovered from,
especially if the same causes are put in operation.
The following table explains statistically the admissions, discharges, and
deaths for the year under review :—
Remaining on 31st Decem-
ber 1881.
M.
155
F.
20
Admitted during 1882.
M.
63
F.
6
Total.
M.
218
F.
26
Discharged cured.
M.
21
F.
5
Discharged improved.
M.
2
F.
7
Discharged unimproved.
M.
...
F.
...
Discharged otherwise.
M.
1
F.
...
Total.
M.
24
F.
12
Died.
M.
16
F.
3
Remaining.
M.
178
F.
11
The daily average number of lunatics during the year was 177.25, or 162.58
males and 14.67 females, a decrease of 5.09.
The maximum number reached on any one day was 190, being 179 males
and 11 females on the last day of the year ; while on the 13th February the mini-
mum dropped as low as 164, of which 147 were males and 17 females, a decrease
of 9 in the former and 2 in the latter sexes.
A civil insane escaped in the month of July and has not since been heard of.
From statement No. I it will be observed that the number admitted was 69,
or 21 more than in 1881; the total cured was 5 more than in the preceding period ;
and the deaths 6 less than recorded in the year under review.
( 5 )
The percentage of cured to daily average strength was 14.67 as compared
with 11.52 of 1881, or a preponderating difference of 3.15 of deaths to the aver-
age strength, 9.03 males and 1.69 females, or a total of 10.72. Of cures as com-
pared to admissions the percentage is 37.67 as opposed to 43.75 of the previous
year ; in other words, a decrease of 6.08 and of deaths 27.53 as compared to
52.08 of 1881, or a lesser number by 24.55.
It is worthy of remark that some of the deaths in January occurred in those
who had cholera at the latter period of last year.
The total number of cases treated during the year as compared with those
of the preceding seven years is a follows :—
Years.
1875
...
...
...
...
1876
...
...
...
...
1877
...
...
...
...
1878
...
...
...
...
1879
...
...
...
...
1880
...
...
...
...
1881
...
...
...
...
Yearly average ...
1882
...
...
...
...
Males.
174
194
197
222
228
198
196
201
218
Females.
18
20
23
22
25
27
28
23
26
The total number discharged comparatively is shown thus :—
Years.
1875 ... ... ... ...
1876
...
...
...
...
1877
...
...
...
...
1878
...
...
...
...
1879
...
...
...
...
1880
...
...
...
...
1881
...
...
...
...
Yearly average ...
1882
...
...
...
...
Males.
24
32
20
23
39
26
21
26
24
Females.
1
3
5
3
0
4
3
3
11
The comparative number of deaths is as follows :—
Years.
1875
...
...
...
...
1876
...
...
...
...
1817
...
...
...
...
1878
...
...
...
...
1879
...
...
...
...
1880
...
...
...
...
1881
...
...
...
...
Yearly average ...
1882
Males.
10
8
9
21
20
16
20
15
16
Females.
1
2
2
2
5
3
5
3
3
The daily averages comparatively for the same period exhibit—
Years.
1875 ... ... ... ...
1876 ... ... ... ...
1877 ... ... ... ...
1878 ... ... ... ...
1879
...
...
...
...
1880 ... ... ... ...
1881
...
...
...
...
Yearly average ...
1882
...
...
...
...
Males.
142
148
167
176
180.83
160.85
160.58
162.18
162.58
Females.
15
15
16
17
19.59
18.76
21.76
17.58
14.67
Statement No. II.—Under this are shown the number of criminal lunatics con-
fined during the year 1882. Of these there remained at end of 1881 47 males and
2 females, while in that year 30 males and 2 females were admitted and 5
males and 1 female re-admitted, making a total of 87 persons. Out of these
10 males and 3 females were discharged, transferred for trial, &c, 4 males
died, and on the 31st December 1882 there remained 68 males and 2 females.
The daily average number confined under treatment was 58.34 males and
2.68 females.
During the year 23 men and 11 women have been cured and removed from
the asylum by order of the local Government and 4 have died.
2
( 9 )
The following table affords in detail the particular sources from which profits
accrued to the establishment:—
Insane labour ... ... ... ...
Coolie baskets ... ... ... ...
Vegetables ... ... ... ...
Grass ... ... ... ...
Hay ... ... ... ...
Cocoanut fibre ... ... ... ...
Fire ... ... ... ...
Broken rice ... ... ... ...
Gingelly oil ... ... ... ...
Flowers ... ... ... ...
Total ... ... ... ...
Rs.
1,986
1,895
992
770
579
563
247
128
86
68
7,318
A.
13
4
7
8
0
9
10
6
4
14
13
P.
6
0
2
0
0
2
4
3
7
0
0
General observations.—In conclusion I have to add that the various arrange-
ments of the establishment have been diligently attended to by the Deputy
Superintendent, Mr. Robinson. The attendants have also discharged their
onerous duties in a satisfactory manner.
RANGOON:
The 15th February 1883.
H. GRIFFITH,
Superintendent.
3
( 10 )
No. I.—Statement showing the admissions, discharges, &c., of lunatics in the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum during the year 1882 and ten previous years.
1
YEARS.
1872 ..
1873 ..
1874 ..
1875 ..
1876 ..
1877 ..
1878 ..
1879 ..
1880 ..
1881 ..
Average ..
1882 ..
2
Remained on 1st
January.
M.
99
105
116
134
140
154
168
178
169
156
141.90
155
F.
10
15
16
15
16
15
16
17
20
20
16.00
20
T.
109
120
132
149
156
169
184
195
189
176
157.90
175
3
Admitted.
M.
31
46
53
39
53
41
53
49
26
38
42.90
56
F.
8
6
3
3
4
8
5
7
6
8
5.80
5
T.
39
52
56
42
57
49
58
56
32
46
48.70
61
4
Re-admitted.
M.
2
..
..
1
1
2
1
1
3
2
1.30
7
F.
1
..
..
..
..
..
1
1
1
..
.40
1
T.
3
..
..
1
1
2
2
2
4
2
1.70
8
5
Total population.
M.
132
151
169
174
194
197
222
228
198
196
186.10
218
F.
19
21
19
18
20
23
22
25
27
28
22.20
26
T.
151
172
188
192
214
220
244
253
225
224
208.30
244
6
DISCHARGED.
A.
Cured.
M.
14
11
17
18
25
12
13
29
22
19
18.00
21
F.
1
4
2
1
3
..
1
..
4
2
1.80
5
T.
15
15
19
19
28
12
14
29
26
21
19.80
26
B.
Transferred to friends.
Improved.
M.
6
11
8
5
7
7
2
1
1
..
4.80
2
F.
1
1
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
.50
7
T.
7
12
9
5
7
8
2
1
1
1
5.30
9
Not improved.
M.
..
..
..
..
..
..
5
9
2
1
1.70
..
F.
..
..
..
..
..
3
1
..
..
..
.40
..
T.
..
..
..
..
..
3
6
9
2
1
2.10
..
C.
Otherwise.
M.
3
2
..
1
..
..
3
..
1
1
1.10
1
F.
..
..
1
..
..
1
1
..
..
..
.30
..
T.
3
2
1
1
..
1
4
..
1
1
1.40
1
D.
Total.
M.
23
24
25
24
32
20
23
39
26
21
25.70
24
F.
2
5
4
1
3
5
3
..
4
3
3.00
12
T.
25
29
29
25
35
25
26
39
30
24
28.70
36
( 11 )
No. I.—Statement showing the admissions, discharges, &c., of lunatics in the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum, &c.—(concluded).
YEARS.
1872 ..
1873 ..
1874 ..
1875 ..
1876 ..
1877 ..
1878 ..
1879 ..
1880 ..
1881
..
Average
1882 ..
7
Died.
M.
4
11
10
10
8
9
21
20
16
20
12.90
16
F.
2
..
..
1
2
2
2
5
3
5
2.20
3
T.
6
11
10
11
10
11
23
25
19
25
15.10
19
8
Remaining on 31st
December.
M.
105
116
134
140
154
168
178
169
156
155
147.50
178
F.
15
16
15
16
15
16
17
20
20
20
17.00
11
T.
120
132
149
156
169
184
195
189
176
175
164.50
189
9
Daily average
strength.
M.
104
114
126
142
148
167
176
180.83
160.85
160.58
147.92
162.58
F.
13
15
14
15
15
16
17
19.59
18.76
21.76
16.51
14.67
T.
117
129
140
157
163
183
193
200.42
179.61
182.34
164.43
177.25
10
Daily average
sick.
M.
4
5
6
10
9
12
5
4.52
4.47
3.04
6.30
3.16
F.
1
..
1
1
2
3
1
.73
.32
1.20
1.12
.48
T.
5
5
7
11
11
15
6
5.25
4.79
4.24
7.42
3.64
11
PERCENTAGE TO
Daily average strength.
A.
Cured.
M.
11.97
8.53
12.14
11.46
15.34
6.56
6.73
14.47
12.25
10.42
10.98
11.85
F.
.85
3.10
1.43
.64
1.84
..
.52
..
2.23
1.10
1.17
2.82
T.
12.82
11.63
13.57
12.10
17.18
6.56
7.25
14.47
14.48
11.52
12.15
14.67
B.
Died.
M.
3.42
8.53
7.14
7.04
4.91
4.92
10.88
9.98
8.91
10.97
7.67
9.03
F.
1.71
..
..
.70
1.22
1.09
1.04
2.49
1.67
2.74
1.26
1.69
T.
5.13
8.53
7.14
7.74
6.13
6.01
11.92
12.47
10.58
13.71
8.93
10.72
Admissions.
C.
Cured.
M.
33.33
21.15
30.36
41.86
43.10
23.53
21.67
50.00
61.11
39.58
36.56
30.43
F.
2.38
7.69
3.57
2.32
5.17
..
1.66
..
11.11
4.17
3.80
7.24
T.
35.71
28.84
33.93
44.18
48.27
23.53
23.33
50.00
72.22
43.75
40.36
37.67
D.
Died.
M.
9.52
21.15
17.86
23.26
13.79
17.65
35.00
34.48
44.44
41.67
25.88
23.19
F.
4.76
..
..
2.32
3.45
3.92
3.33
8.62
8.33
10.41
4.51
4.34
T.
14.28
21.15
17.86
25.58
17.24
21.57
38.33
43.10
52.77
52.08
30.39
27.53
NOTE.—The capacity of the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum is, at 80 superficial feet per patient, 219 for males and 36, for females : total, 255.
The maximum number of lunatics confined on any one night was 179 males and 11 females : total 190.
( 12 )
No. II.—Statement of criminal lunatics in the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum during the year 1882 and ten previous years.
1
Years.
1872 ...
1873 ...
1874 ...
1875 ...
1876 ...
1877 ...
1878 ...
1879 ...
1880 ...
1881 ...
1882 ...
2
Remaining on 1st
January.
M.
38
33
38
38
39
40
38
49
38
42
47
F.
2
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
3
2
T.
40
35
38
38
39
40
38
49
40
45
49
3
Admitted.
M.
2
14
14
9
11
8
16
9
9
13
30
F.
1
1
...
...
...
2
...
3
2
1
2
T.
3
15
14
9
11
10
16
12
11
14
32
4
Re-admitted.
M.
...
...
...
1
1
1
1
...
2
2
5
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
T.
...
...
...
1
1
1
2
...
2
2
6
5
Total.
M.
40
47
52
48
51
49
55
58
49
57
82
F.
3
3
...
...
...
2
1
3
4
4
5
T.
43
50
52
48
51
51
56
61
53
61
87
6
Discharged, trans-
ferred, &c.
M.
7
7
12
9
8
9
1
14
5
5
10
F.
1
3
...
...
...
2
1
...
1
1
3
T.
8
10
12
9
8
11
2
14
6
6
13
7
Died.
M.
...
2
2
...
3
2
5
6
2
5
4
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
1
...
T.
...
2
2
...
3
2
5
7
2
6
4
8
Remaining on 31st
December.
M.
33
38
38
39
40
38
49
38
42
47
68
F.
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
3
2
2
T.
35
38
38
39
40
38
49
40
45
49
70
9
Daily average
strength.
M.
34
36
39
37
39
39
44
43.51
38.73
45.04
58.34
F.
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
1.15
1.83
3.43
2.68
T.
36
36
39
37
39
39
44
44.66
40.56
48.47
61.02
( 13 )
No. III.—Statement showing the religion, sex, and residence of patients admitted into the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum during the year 1882.
1
Districts.
Akyab ... ... ...
Amherst ... ... ...
Bassein ... ... ...
Hanthawaddy ... ...
Henzada ... ... ...
Kyoukpyoo ... ... ...
Madras ... ... ...
Maoobin ... ... ...
Moulmein ... ... ...
Pahpoon ... ... ...
Prome ... ... ...
Rangoon ... ... ...
Sandoway ... ... ...
Tavoy ... ... ...
Thayetmyo ... ... ...
Toungoo ... ... ...
Tharrawaddy... ... ...
Total ...
2
Burmese.
M.
1
2
1
3
3
4
2
3
2
2
3
6
1
1
1
1
5
41
F.
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
3
T.
1
2
2
3
3
4
2
3
2
2
3
7
1
1
2
1
5
44
3
Europeans.
M.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
2
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
..
...
...
T.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
...
..
...
2
4
Hindus.
M.
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
2
...
...
5
...
...
...
...
...
9
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
...
3
T.
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
2
...
...
8
...
...
...
...
...
12
5
Mahomedans.
M.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
6
...
...
...
...
...
7
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
T.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
6
...
...
...
...
...
7
6
East Indians.
M.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
T.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
7
Other castes.
M.
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
...
1
1
...
...
...
...
...
4
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
T.
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
...
1
1
...
...
...
...
...
4
8
Total.
M.
2
2
1
3
4
4
2
4
7
2
4
19
1
1
1
1
5
63
F.
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
4
...
...
1
...
...
6
T.
2
2
2
3
4
4
2
4
7
2
4
23
1
1
2
1
5
69
( 14 )
No. IV.—Statement showing the occupation of patients admitted into the Rangoon Lunatic
Asylum during the year 1882.
1
Occupation.
Cultivators ... ... ... ... ...
Coolies ... ... ... ... ...
None ... ... ... ... ...
Unknown ... ... ... ... ...
Bazaar-sellers... ... ... ... ...
Policemen ... ... ... ... ...
Ponegyees ... ... ... ... ...
Dhobies ... ... ... ... ...
Clerks ... ... ... ... ...
Fishermen ... ... ... ... ...
Dancers ... ... ... ... ...
Inspectors of slaughter-houses ... ... ...
Shoe-makers ... ... ... ... ...
Gharrywallahs... ... ... ... ...
Painters ... ... ... ... ...
Cowherds ... ... ... ... ...
Peons ... ... ... ... ...
Traders ... ... ... ... ...
Schoolmasters... ... ... ... ...
Total ...
2
Males.
20
14
4
5
3
4
2
...
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
63
3
Females.
...
...
3
...
2
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
6
4
Total.
20
14
7
5
5
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
69
No. V.—Statement showing the ages of patients admitted into the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum
during the year 1882.
1
Sex.
Males ... ... ... ...
Females ... ... ... ...
Total ...
2
Under 20.
4
...
4
3
20 to 40.
48
4
52
4
40 to 60.
11
1
12
5
Upwards of
60.
...
1
1
6
Total.
63
6
69
( 15 )
No. VI.—Statement showing the types of insanity of the lunatics in the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum during the year 1882.
1
Remaining ... ...
Admitted ... ...
Total treated ...
Recovered ... ...
Improved or otherwise
discharged ...
Died ... ...
Remaining on 31st De-
cember 1882 ...
2
150(a).
Acute mania.
M.
61
18
79
5
2
4*
11
68
F.
12
2
14
4
3
3
10
4
T.
73
20
93
9
5
7
21
72
3
105(b).
Chronic
mania.
M.
13
...
13
2
...
5
7
6
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
T.
13
...
13
2
...
5
7
6
4
106.
Melancholia.
M.
19
25
44
4
...
3
7
37
F.
3
3
6
1
3
...
4
2
T.
22
28
50
5
3
3
11
39
5
107(a).
Acute
dementia.
M.
32
7
39
1
...
2
3
36
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
T.
32
7
39
1
...
2
3
36
6
107(b).
Chronic
dementia.
M.
3
...
3
1
...
...
1
2
F.
1
...
1
...
1
...
1
...
T.
4
...
4
1
1
...
2
2
7
108.
Paralysis of
the insane.
M.
1
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
F.
1
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
T.
2
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
8
109.
Idiotcy.
M.
7
...
7
...
...
...
...
7
F.
1
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
T.
8
...
8
...
...
...
...
8
9
Imbecility.
M.
18
2
20
3
...
2
5
15
F.
2
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
T.
20
2
22
3
...
2
5
17
10
Feigning
insanity.
M.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
F.
...
...
...
...
...
...
T.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
11
Not insane.
M.
1
11
12
5
1
...
6
6
F.
...
1
1
...
...
...
1
T.
1
..
13
5
1
...
6
7
12
Total.
M.
155
63
218
21
3
16
40
178
F.
20
6
26
5
7
3
15
11
T.
175
69
244
26
10
19
55
189
* 1 epileptic mania.
( 16 )
No. VII.—Statement showing the alleged causes of insanity among lunatics in the Rangoon Lunatic Asylum during the year 1882.
1
CASES.
Remaining on 31st December 1881 ..
Admitted
..
Criminal ..
Non-criminal ..
Total treated ..
Recovered ..
Improved or otherwise discharged ..
Died
..
Remaining on 31st December 1882 ..
2
PHYSICAL CAUSES.
Ganja.
M.
17
..
1
18
3
..
1
14
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
17
..
1
18
3
..
1
14
Opium.
M.
8
1
3
12
..
..
..
12
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
8
1
3
12
..
..
..
12
Spirits.
M.
5
1
2
8
2
..
..
6
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
5
1
2
8
2
..
..
6
Injury to the head.
M.
2
..
..
2
..
..
..
2
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
2
..
..
2
..
..
..
2
Masturbation.
M.
3
..
..
3
..
..
..
3
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
3
..
..
3
..
..
..
3
Disease of the brain.
M.
3
..
..
3
..
..
1
2
F.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
T.
4
..
..
4
..
..
1
3
Hereditary.
M.
5
2
..
7
1
..
..
6
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
5
2
..
7
1
..
..
6
Puerperal.
M.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
F.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
T.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
Datura.
M.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
Fever.
M.
3
1
1
5
..
..
..
5
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
T.
3
1
1
5
..
..
..
5
Epilepsy.
M.
4
..
..
4
1
..
3
..
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
4
..
..
4
1
..
3
..
Sunstroke.
M.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
1
..
..
1
..
..
..
1
Phthisis.
M.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
F.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
T.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..