163
Date.
1892
September 12.
„
13.
„
14.
„
15.
„
16.
„
17.
„
18.
„
19.
„
20.
„
21.
„
22.
Temperature ºC.
A.M.
39.1
40.0
39.3
37.6
39.3
37.4
37.6
39.8
39.3
38.0
...
1 P.M.
39.8
5 P.M.
40.3
Pulse.
A.M.
63
P.M.
66
Respiration.
A.M.
28
P.M.
26
Hæmatozoa
in Blood.
Swarming.
Colour.
Turbid.
Swelling of limbs increased, especially of near fore.
40.0
39.3 60 60 24 24
Swarming.
„
Sp. Gr.
1,029
1,028
Urine,
Re-action,
Alkaline.
„
Albumen.
Nil.
Trace
Animal semi-somnolent, secretion at the inner canthus of both eyes is blood-stained, and contains
hæmatozoa.
40.4 40.0 60 60 16 24
Numerous.
„
1,032 „
„
Animal brighter, swelling and œdema of extremities decreased, but conjunctivæ still yellow and
petechiated.
39.3 39.3 60 72 16 16
Absent.
„
Conjunctival petechiæ fading.
40.2 40.3 68 52 28 32
Conjunctival petechiæ fading.
40.2 39.3 40 48 20 24
„
Few.
„
„
Animal weaker, considerable œdema of the extremities.
38 6
40.2
38.1
40.2
44
72
60
72
20
28
32
28
Numerous.
Very numerous.
„
„
Animal continues to get weaker.
40.0
39.3
39.3
39.3
60
68
68
72
28
32
36
28
Swarming.
„
Clear.
„
9
P. M. The animal ate all its corn and hay.
...
....
... ..... .....
Died somewhat suddenly at 3 A.M.
„
1,034
1,034
1,041
1,035
1,022
1,020
1,026
...
„
„
„
„
„
Acid.
„
„
1/20
Trace.
„
„
„
„
Autopsy.—The body is very slightly emaciated ; the extremities are swollen and œdematous. There are no
adhesions, or fluid in the cavity of the pleuræ.
Lungs.— The apices are the seat of localized emphysema; the surfaces of the organ are pale. On section, the
tissues appear healthy.
The cavity of the pericardium contains nearly a pint of dark blood-stained fluid.
Heart.— There is a certain amount of yellow jelly-like exudation round the base of the organ, and dotted over the
general surface of the muscular tissue are some few extravasations, lying under the visceral pericardium. On section,
the Right Auricle and Ventricle contain dark blood clots, and the endocardial surfaces are deeply blood-stained, but
there are no sub-endocardial extravasations. The Left Auricle presents a normal appearance. The Left Ventricle is
contracted, and the internal surface for the most part pale in colour, but there are some small sub-endocardial extra-
vasations dotted about the cavity, in addition to several larger patches which involve the musculi-papillares.
Liver.—Weighs 11 lbs. 13½ozs., is dark in colour, and presents a few circular calcareous bodies dotted over the
surface, lying beneath the capsule.
Spleen.—Considerably enlarged, weighs 5 lbs. 11 ozs. It is dotted over with somewhat circular shaped patches
of a dark brick-red colour. On section, these are found to lie beneath the capsule. The tissues are soft.
Kidneys.—Right weighs 1 lb. 7½ ozs., Left 1 lb. 8 ozs. The capsules are somewhat difficult to strip in parts; the
general surface of the organs is pale, dotted over here and there with small circular petechiæ, and some patches of
injected stellate veins. On section, the tissues present a pale appearance and are friable, readily splitting apart with an
irregular, fibrous fracture.
Stomach.—Distended with semi-digested food. On section, the cuticular portion is stained a deep yellow colour
near the boundary line, otherwise quite normal in appearance. The villous portion is pale, the mucous membrane a
little thickened; no parasites.
The Small Intestines present a few petechiæ, dotted over the mucous membranes of a limited area 38"×4" in extent,
midway between the pylorus and the cæcum ; no ulceration, no parasites.
The Large Intestines including the Cæcum and Colon appear quite healthy. The Rectum presents a patch, which is
partially denuded of the superficial portion of the mucous membrane. It has a worm-eaten appearance, but is not congested
at the edges or thickened; no parasites.
Remarks.— Our previous investigations demonstrated that the Bovine species are only slightly susceptible to Surra,
and that the disease never proves fatal to them. This experiment was undertaken with a view of ascertaining whether
the virus, when taken from the Bovine species and inoculated into Equines, would produce a milder form of the
disease.
The animal was therefore inoculated subcutaneously on the 3rd September 1892, with 0.5 c.c. of blood in which
the hæmatozoa were swarming, taken from the internal jugular vein of the cow. This was followed by swelling and
œdema at the seat of inoculation, accompanied by tenderness on manipulation. On the 8th September, 5 days after
the inoculation, there was a slight but well marked decrease in the tension of the tumour, and a few hæmatozoa were
found in the blood. The usual symptoms of Surra followed, and the animal succumbed to the disease, fourteen days