NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
160
REPORT.
The water supplied to Conjeeveram on this occasion is in very good order. As a rule the number of
fœcal germs has been low and the kind unobjectionable, but in the past such good results have been modified
by undesirably high total counts. This time, however, although we find the total count at the headworks
high, the water as distributed to the town is much better in this respect, quite a reversal of past experience.
Chemically the water is good also ; it shows a high figure for oxidised nitrogen and this, combined with
a fairly high chlorine figure points to pollution of old standing. In this respect the quality of the water is
subject to strange fluctuations, which is hardly what one would expect.
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE I.
SAMPLE III
Physical appearances.
Colour and
transparency.
Colourless and clear.
Colourless and clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
23·400
Total solids ..
..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000 ..
23·000
9·000
9·000
Temporary hardness
..
..
..
..
D 0
Permanent hardness
..
..
..
..
Do...
1 · 0 0 0
1·000
Total handness
..
..
• •
• •
•
Do..
10·000
10·000
Chlorine
..
..
..
• .
• •
• .
Do.
..
3·195
3 195
Ammoniacal nitrogen
..
..
..
..
Do.
0·003
0·004
Albuminoid nitrogen
..
..
• •
Do. ..
0·002
0·002
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy ' s Process)
..
• •
D o .
0·020
0·020
Nitric nit rogen
..
..
..
• •
• •
Do.
• •
0·062
0·050
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites ..
..
.. •
..
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
.
Nil.
Nil.
Present.
Present.
Sulphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
•.
..
..
Nil.
N i l .
Phosphat-s
••
..
..
—
..
..
••
..
..
Nil, nil .
Iron, poisonous metals..
..
..
..
.
..
.
N i l n i l .
161
GUDIYATTAM.
WATER SAMPLES TAKEN—14TH SEPTEMBER 1910.
REMARKS.—I here was a small flow of water in the river Koundanya when samples were taken. There has been about 17·95
inches of rain since last analysis. The supply is constant.
Bacteriological Analyses.
SAMPLE I.—TAP ADJOINING THE SERVICE RESERVOIR.
Number.Lact ose.Sacchar os e. Dulcite.Adonite. I nul i n. Vo g e s a n d P r o s k . Indol.Mot i l i t y. Group.
Name of Bacilli.
Group an
d Remarks
.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—580.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
1
+
− − − − −
+
−
I
B. Vesiculosus
3 „ 5 cc
.
3
2
+
− − − − − −
+
I B. 7
Group I, 6.
3 „ 1cc.
1
2
3
+
− − − − −
+
+
I B. Vesiculosus
„ II, nil .
3 „ ·1 cc.
3
4
+
− − − − −
+
− I
Do.
„ III, nil.
3 „ ·01 cc.
3
5
+ +
− − − −
+ +
IV B. 106
„ IV, 4.
6
+
− − − − −
+
−
I B. Vesiculosus.
7
+
+
− − − −
+
−
IV
B. Coscoroba
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
8
+
+ − − − −
+ +
IV
B. 106
Class I, nil.
9
+
− − − − −
+ +
I
B. Grunthal
„ II, 4.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
10
+
+
− − − −
+
+
IV B. 106
„ III 6
SAMPLE II.—TAP NEAR THE MUHAMMADAN SCHOOL.
1
+ + − −
− − + − IV Coscoroba.
2
+ + − − − −
+ +
IV B. 106
Group I, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—1,660.
3
+ +
− − − − + - IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
4
+
+ − −
− −
+
− IV B. Coscoroba
„ III, nil.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
5
+ +
− − − −
+ +
IV B. 106
„ IV, 10.
6
+ +
− − − −
+
− IV B. Coscoroba.
7
+ +
− − − − + − IV
Do.
8
+
+ − − − − +
+
I B 106
Class 1, nil.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
9 + + − − − − + + IV
Do.
„ II, 10.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
10
+ +
− − − − + − IV B. Coscoroba
„ III, nil.
3
„
5
cc
2
1
3 „ 1 cc.
2
1
3 „ ·1 cc.
3
3 „ ·01 c
c .
3
Fœcal bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE III.—TAP IN FRONT OF TRAVELLERS' BUNGALOW.
1
+
− − − − −
+
−
I B. Vesiculosus.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—550.
2 + − − − − − +
+
I B. Grunthal
Group I, 10.
3
+ − − − − − + + I
Do.
„ II, nil.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
4
+
− − − − −
+ +
I
Do.
„ III, nil.
5
+
− −
+
− −
+
−
I
B. Acidi Lactici.
„ IV, nil .
6 + − − − − − + −
I
B. Vesiculosus .
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
7 + − − + − −
+
−
I B. Acidi Lactici.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
8
+
− − − − −
+
−
I B. Vesiculosus
Class I, nil .
3 „ 5 cc.
3
9
+
− − − − − + −
I
Do.
„ II, 2.
3 „ 1 cc.
2
1
10
+
− − − − −
+
−
I
Do.
„ III, 8.
3 „ ·1 cc.
3
3 „ ·01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
REPORT.
The quality of the Gudiyattam water is subject to considerable variations and on this occasion the water
at the head works was pretty good. It is a little difficult, however, to explain the large number of varieties
among the fœcal germs present when there are so few in the water actually. The samples drawn from the
distributary system do not show so good a state of affairs, and that from the tap near the Muhammadan
School is the worse of the two. Any possible cause for the large increase in the total count and in the number
of fœcal germs should be searched for and rectified. Chemically, the water is rather better than usual, the
oxidised nitrogen being reduced. What little organic matter there is present is of vegetable origin.
41
162
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE I.
SAMPLE III.
Physical appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Slightly Yellowish, but
clear.
Slightly Yellowish,
but clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
Parts per 100,000
33·000
32·400
Temporary hardness
Do.
14·000
14·000
Permanent hardness
Do.
1·000
1·000
Total hardness
Do.
15·000
15·000
Chlorine
Do.
2·307
1·370
Ammoniacal nitrogen
Do.
0·003
0·007
Albuminoid nitrogen
Do.
Trace.
0·004
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy's Process)
Do.
0·060
0·066
Nitric nitrogen
Do.
0 • 1 0 0
0·075
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates
Present.
Present.
Phosphates
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals
Nil, nil.
Nil, nil.
163
VELLORE.
WATER SAMPLES TAKEN—15TH SEPTEMBER 1910.
REMARKS.—The tank now contains 23.80 feet of water. The supply is constant. There has been about 29 inches of rain since
last analysis.
Bacteriological Analyses.
SAMPLE I.—FROM TANK OR RESERVOIR.
N u m b e r .
La c t o s e . S a c c h a r o s e . Du l c i t e . Ad o n i t e . I nul i n. V o g e s a n d P r o s k . I ndol . Mo t i l i t y . Group.
Name of bacilli.
Group and
Remarks.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.—120.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+ −
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
1 + + − − − − +− IV B. Coscoroba
Group I, nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
1 1 2 + + − − − − ++ IV B. 106
„ II, nil.
3 „ 5 cc.
3
3 + + − − − − + − IV B. Coscoroba
„ III, nil.
3 „1 cc.
3 4 + +− − − − + − IV
Do.
„ IV, 10.
3 „ .1 cc.
3 5 + + − − − − + − IV
Do.
3 „ .01 cc.
3 6 + + − − − − ++ IV B. 106
7 ++− − − − + − IV
B. Coscoroba
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
8 ++− − − − +− IV
Do.
Class I, nil.
9 + +− − − − + − IV
Do.
„ II 10.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
10 + + − − − − + − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
SAMPLE II.—FIRST TAP AFTER FILTRATION.
1 + + − + − + − − IV B. Lactis ærogenes. Group I, nil.
2 + + − +− +− − IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.
—540.
3 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
4 + +− + − + − − IV
Do.
„ IV 10.
5 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
Bile salt lactose, medium
+ −
6 + + − + − +− − IV
Do.
7 ++− +− +− − IV
Do.
8 ++− + − +− − IV
Do.
Class I, nil.
9 + + − +− + − − IV
Do.
„ II, 10.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
1 0 + + − +− +− − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
3 „ 2 cc.
3
3 „ 1 cc.
3
3 „ .1 cc.
3
3 „ .01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE III. —A TAP AT SAIDAPET—THE EASTERNMOST CORNER.
1 + + − + − + − − IV B. Lactis ærogenes. Group I, nil.
2 ++− +− +− − IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.
—90.
3 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
+ −
4 + +− + − + − − IV
Do.
„ IV. 10.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
5 ++ − + − + − − IV
Do.
6 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
7 ++ − + − + − − IV
Do.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
8 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
Class I, nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
9 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
„ II, 10.
3 „ 5 cc.
3
10 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
3 „ 1 cc.
2
3 „ ·1 cc.
3
3 „ ·01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE IV.—TAP NEAR THE VELLORE CONTONMENT RAIL
WAY STATION COMPOUND.
1 + − − − − − + − I
B. Vesiculosus
Group I, 9.
2 +− − − − − + − IV B. 106
„ II, nil.
3 +− − − − − + − I B. Vesiculosus „ III, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.—90.
4 +− − − − − +− I
Do.
„ IV, 1.
+ − 5 + − − − − − + −
I
Do.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
6 +− − − − − + −
I
Do.
7 + − − − − − +− I
Do.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
8 +− − − − − +− I
Do.
Class I nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc. 2
9 + − − − − − +− I
Do.
„ II, 1.
3 „ 5 cc.
3
10 +− − − − − +− I
Do.
„ III, 9.
3 „ 1 cc.
3
3 „ . 1 c c .
3
3 „ .01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
16 4
REPORT.
On this occasion the water of the Vellore supply was in a very fairly satisfactory condition. The number
of fœcal germs was low and the varieties represented were few and belonged to the more resistant classes,
The water has been even purer ; but if it were never worse, there would not be much to complain about,
The total counts with the exception of that in Sample II, which requires explanation, are also low.
Chemically the water is also quite good. There is a moderate amount of organic matter in the raw
water which is reduced by filtration.
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE I.
SAMPLE III.
Physical appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Yellowish and opaque.
White and hazy.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE
Total solids
..
..
..
..
..
Parts per 100,000 ..
28·000
15·400
7·000
7·000
Temporary hardness
..
..
..
..
Do...
2·000
2·000
Permanent hardness
..
..
..
..
..
Do...
9·000
9·000
Total hardness ..
..
..
..
..
Do...
0·710
0·710
Chlorine ..
..
..
..
. •
• •
Do...
Trace.
0·002
Ammonical nitrogen
..
..
..
..
Do.
..
0·006
0·017
Albuminoid nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
0·066
0·133
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's . _Process)
..
..
Do...
0·025
Trace.
Nitric nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
..
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites ..
..
..
..
..
..
• •
• •
• •
• •
Nil.
Nil.
Present.
Present.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
• •
• •
• •
Nil.
Nil.
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
. •
Nil, nil.
Nil, nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
165
COCANADA.
WATER SAMPLES TAKEN—23RD SEPTEMBER 1910.
REMARKS.—The Samalkota canal was partially flooded when samples were taken. There has been about 16·67 inches of rain since
last analysis. The supply is intermittent.
Bacteriological Analyses.
SAMPLE I—SAMALKOTA CANAL.
Number.La c t os e . S a c c h a r o s e . Dul ci t e. Adoni t e . Inul i n.
V o g e s a n d p r o s k . Indol .Mo t i l i t y . Group.
Name of Bacilli.
Group and
Remarks.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—Countless.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
1
+ +
− −
− −
+ +
IV B. 106
Group I, nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
2
+ +
− − − −
+ +
I V Do.
„ I I , 2.
3 „ 5 cc.
3
3
+
−
+
− − −
+
− II B. Schaefferi
„ III, 1.
3 „ 1 cc.
3
4
+ +
− − − −
+ +
IV B. 106
„ IV, 7.
3 „ .1 cc.
2 1
5
+ + +
− − −
+ +
I I I B.71.
3 „ .01 cc.
1 2
6
+ +
− − − −
+ +
IV B. 106.
7
+ +
− − −
+
−
+
IV B. Cloacæ
Class I, 2.
8
+ +
− − −
+
−
+
IV
Do.
„ II, 6.
Fœcal bacilli in ·1 cc. and upwards.
9
+
−
+
− − −
+
− II B. Sehaefferi
„ III, 2.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
10
+ +
− − − −
+ +
IV B. 106.
SAMPLE II.—SETTLING TANK.
1
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV B. Laotis ærogenes.
Group I, nil.
2
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
3
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—450.
4
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ IV, 10.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+ −
5
+ +
−
+
−
+
− −
I V
Do.
6
+ +
− + −
+
− −
I V
Do.
7
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
Class I, nil.
8
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ II, 10.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
9
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
10
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
3 „ 5 cc.
2
1
3 „ l cc.
1
2
3 „ .1 cc.
3
3 „ .01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE.III—TAP IN HEAD WATER WORKS.
1
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV B. Laotis ærogenes.
Group I, nil.
2
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
3
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—Countless.
4
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
IV, 10.
5
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
6
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
7
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
Class I, nil.
8
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
9
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV B. Gasoformans
„ III, nil.
10
+ +
−
+
− < t d a l i g n = " c e n t e r " > & # 8 7 2 2 ; < / t d >
− − − IV
Do.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
3 „ 5 cc
.
3
3 „ 1 cc.
3
3·„ .1 cc.
3
3 „ .01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in ·1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE IV.—PILLAR FOUNTAIN NEAR PORT RAILWAY STATION.
1
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV B. Lactis ærogenes. Group I, nil.
2
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—1,030.
3
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
,, III. nil.
4
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ IV, 10.
5
+ +
−
+
−
+
− −
I V
Do
.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
6
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
7
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
Class I nil.
8
+ +
−
+
−
+
− −
I V
Do.
II, 10.
9
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
1 tube of 20 cc.
1
10
+ +
−
+
−
+
− − IV
Do.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
2
3 „ 5 cc.
3
3 „ 1 cc.
1
2
3 „ .1 cc.
3
3 „ .01 cc.
3
Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
42
166
SAMPLE V.—FOUNTAIN IN FRONT OF POLICE STATION.
Numbe r . Lo c t o s e .
S a c e h a r o s e .
Du l c i t e . Ad o n i t e .
Inul i n.
Vo g e s a n d P r o s k .
Indel .
Mot i l i r y.
Group.
Name of Bacilli.
Group and
Remarks.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37º—9,200.
+
-
Bile salt lactose, medium.
1
..
1 tube of 20 cc.
..
..
..
1 + +
-
+ - - - -
IV B. Gasoformans
.. Group I, nil.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
..
..
..
. .
2
..
2 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
..
,,
II, nil.
3
"
5 cc.
..
..
.. ..
3
..
3 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
..
" III, nil.
3 "
1 cc.
..
..
..
2
1
4 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
..
„
IV, 10.
3
„
-1 cc.
..
..
..
2
1
5 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
..
3 "
01 cc. . . . . . . . .
..
3
6 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
.. Class I, nil.
Fœcal bacilli in .1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in. 100 cc.
7 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
..
„
II, 10.
8 + + - + - - - - IV
Do.
..
» III, nil.
9 + + - + - - - - IV
Do. ..
10 + + - +
- - -
-
IV
Do.
..-
REPORT.
Some really extraordinary variations are shown by the different samples on this occasion. The canal
being flooded it is not surprising that the poliution present should be undesirable both in quality and
quantity.
Samples II and IV may be taken together and are really quite satisfactory and show what improvement
can be brought about by simple sedimentation
But how to explain the deterioration in samples III and V. Some explanation is wanted for a fifty fold
increase in the final germs and huge total counts.
Chemically the organic matter has a tendency to be high and is mainly of animal origin. Otherwise the
water is good.
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE II.
SAMPLE IV.
Physical appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Slightly Yellowish and
hazy.
Slightly yellowish
but clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
..
..
..
..
..
Parts per 100,000 ..
14.600
14.800
Temporary hardness
..
..
..
..
Do. ..
5.500
6.000
Permanent hardness
..
..
..
..
Do. .. 1.500
1.500
Total hardness ..
..
..
..
..
Do. .. 7.000
7.500
Chlorine ..
..
..
..
..
Do. . .
1.420
1.420
Ammoniacal nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
..
0.006
0.004
Albuminoid nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do. ..
0.016
0.012
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy' s Process)
..
..
Do. ..
102
0.070
Nitric Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
..
Do. ..
Nil.
Nil.
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Present.
Present.
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
. . . . . .
Nil, nil.
Nil, nil.
167
VIZAGAPATAM.
WATER SAMPLES TAKEN
—24TH & 25TH SEPTEMBER 1910.
REMARKS.—There has been about 23.30 inches of rain since last analysis. The town supply is constant. The level of water in tank is
about 17 feet.
Bacteriological Analyses.
SAMPLE I.—STORAGE TANK:
Co l o n y n u mb e r .
Lact ose.Saccharose. Dul ci t e.Adoni te.I nul i n. V o g e s a n d P r o s k . Indol.Mot i l i t y.Group.Name of Bacilli.
Group and Remarks.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.
—1,570.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
1 tube of 20 cc. of water taken
1
1
+
− −
− − − + + I B. Grunthal
Group I, 10.
2 tubes of 10 cc
2
2 + − − − − − + −
I B. Vesiculosus
„ II, nil.
3 „ 5 cc.
„
3
3 + − − − − − + −
I
Do.
„ III, nil.
3 „ 1 cc.
„
2
1
4
+
− − − − − + −
I
Do.
„ IV, nil.
3 ,, .1 cc.
,,
3
5
+
− − − − − + −
I
Do.
3 „ .01 cc.
„
3
6
+
− − − − − + + I B. Grunthal
7 + − − − − − + −
I
B Vesiculosus
8 + − −
− − − + −
I
Do.
Class I, nil.
Fœcal bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
9 + − − − − − + + I B. Grunthal
„ II nil.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
10 +
− − − − −
+ + I
Do.
,,III 10.
SAMPLE II.—FIRST TAP AFTER FILTRATION.
1 + + − + − + − − IV B. Lactis ærogenes
Group I, nil.
2 +
+
− + − + − − IV
Do.
,, II, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.
—3,630.
3 + + − + − + − − IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
4 + + −
+ −
+
− − IV
Do.
„ IV, 10.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
5
+
+ − + − + − − IV
Do.
6 +
+
− − − − − + IV B. 109
7 +
+
− − − − − + IV
Do.
8
+
+ − + − + − − IV B. La ctis ærogenes
Class I, nil.
1 tube of 20 cc. of water taken
1
9 + +
− − − − − + IV B. 109
„ II 6
2 tubes of 10 cc.
„
2
10 +
+
− − − − − + IV
Do.
, III, 4.
3 „ 5 cc.
„
3
3 ,, 1 cc.
„
3 „ .1 cc.
„
2
1
3 „ .01 cc.,,
1
2
Fœcal bacilli in .1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE III.—EASTERNMOST TAP NEAR BEACH.
1 + + − − − −
+ +
IV B. 106
Group I, nil.
2 .+ + − − − −
+
+ IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.
—200.
3 + + − − − −
+
+ IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
4 + + − − − − + −
I V B. Coscoroba
„ IV, 10.
Bile lactose,
salt medium.
+
−
5 + + − − − − + + IV B. 106
6
+ + − − − − + + IV
Do.
7
+ +
− − − −
+
−
IV B. Coscoroba
8
+ +
− − − − + −
IV
Do.
Class I, nil.
1
tube of 20 cc. of water taken
1
9
+ +
− − − − + − IV
Do.
„ II, 10.
2 tubes of 10 c
c. „
2
10
+ +
− − − −
+
− IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
3 „ 5 cc
. „
3
3 „ 1 cc.
„
3
3 „ .1 cc.
„
3
3 „ .01 cc.
„
3
Fœcal bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE IV.—WESTERNMOST TAP NEAR RAILWAY STATION
COMPOUND.
1 +
+
−
+
− − −
−
IV B. Gasoformans
Group I, nil.
2 +
+
−
+ + − − − −
IV
Do.
„ II, nil.
Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°C.
—80.
3
+
+
−
+
− − − −
IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
4 + + −
+ − − − −
IV
Do.
„ IV, 10.
Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
−
5 + + −
+
− − − −
IV
Do.
6 + + −
+ − − − −
IV
Do.
7
+
+
−
+ −
+
− −
IV
B. Lactis ærogenes
8 + + −
+ − − − −
IV B. Gasoformans
Class I, nil.
1 tube of 20 cc, of water taken
1
9 + +
−
+
− − − − IV
Do.
„ II, 10.
2 tubes of 10 cc.
,,
2
10 + + −
+
− − − −
IV
Do.
„ III, nil.
3 ,, 5 cc.
,,
3
3 ,, 1 cc.
,,
2
1
3 ,, .1 cc.
,,
3
3 „ .01 cc.
,,
3
Fœral bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
No vibrios in 100 cc.
SAMPLE I.
SAMPLE IV.
168
REPORT.
The water of the lake on this occasion shows a very usual state of affairs, not very good, not very bad;
The total count is high bat only a very small proportion of the micro-organisms are of excremental origin.
The filtered water is worse in both respects. The samples drawn from the distributary system are again more
satisfactory, probably due to sedimentation in the long length of pipe line.
Chemically the water is good but there is a good deal of vegetable organic matter in it.
Chemical Analyses.
Physical appearances.
Colour and
Transparenay.
White and opaque.
White and hazy.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000 ..
17.800
16.200
Temporary hardness ..
..
..
..
Do. .. 5.000
5.000
Permanent hardness ..
..
..
..
Do. ..
3.500
3.500
Total hardness . .
..
..
..
..
Do. ..
8.500
8.500
Chlorine ..
..
..
..
..
..
Do.
..
2.840
2.840
Ammoniacal nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
• •
Trace.
0.002
Aibuminoid nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
. .
0.006
Trace.
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's P r o c e s s )
. .
..
Do. .. 0.058
0.032
Nitric nitrogen ..
..
..
..
..
Do. .. Nil.
Nil.
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites ..
..
..
..
. . ..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Present.
Nil.
Nil, Nil.
Nil.
Present.
Nil.
Nil, Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Report on the Town Water Supplies of the Madras Presidency
for the Quarter ending 31st December 1910 being Part
IV of Appendix II to the Annual Report of the King
Institute of Preventive Medicine, Madras, for the year
1910.
175
Ootacamund.—The
same puzzling variations in quality of the water drawn from
the varying sources at varying times have been noted this year. Perhaps the feature
of the year has been the bacterial improvement in the Marlimund supply. Chemically
it still continues to be much inferior to all the other sources.
Conjeeveram.—The
water-supply of Conjeeveram continues to rank high as
regards purity. In spite of the considerable rainfall shown each year in the three
months preceding the taking of samples the river is always reported as dry.
N evertheless it yields a fair to good supply and it is questionable how much of it is
really river water. The quality is always improved by passage through the gallery.
Slight inconsistencies were noticed in 1908, considerable mixture of varieties, and in
1910, presence of vibrios. These are quite unusual features in an otherwise good
supply.
Vizagapatam.—The
water-supply of Vizagapatam, usually quite satisfactory at
this season, surpassed itself in 1910 and gave results which can be compared only to
the purer hill waters of the Nilgiris. There has been a steady improvement in the
quality each year, quite a gratifying state of affairs.
Gudiyáttam.—There has been considerable variation in the time of the year that
samples were taken at Gudiyáttam, so perhaps no very direct comparison is justifiable.
Still there is nothing to suggest that the supply is improving in quality. There has
been no re-appearance of the objectionable pollution found in June last, so the steps
taken then to remedy the evil would appear to have been the correct ones.
ellore .—The water of Vellore did not maintain the exceptional state of purity
.as regards excremental germs noted in 1909. It is, in this respect, more like what
it was in 1908, which was not at all bad. Perhaps the worst feature of the water is
the consistently high total counts, and it cannot be said that filtration reduces these
to a proper extent. Better results were got from filtration in 1908 than in either of
the following years. In 1909 indeed there was actual deterioration as a result of
filtration, but the water from the reservoir was of such great purity that the product
remained better than in 1910.
SAMPLE I.
SAMPLE IV.
177
REPORT.
As at this season last year the Cauvery was in flood when the samples were drawn so it is not surprising
to find that there are a large number of organisms in the water. The more susceptible ones however have
disappeared, and though there are too many species present, anything else was hardly to be expected.
Although the total count has been largely reduced by a passage through the infiltration gallery, the
improvement is more apparent than real as the fœcal germs have not been reduced and the varieties present
are less desirable.
The sample drawn from a tap near Clives' house shows very marked improvement, and were it not that
there is some doubt as to the nature of the fœcal germs present would be in very fair order.
Sample IV from a tap outside the Railway Station compound shows a still farther reduction in the
fœcal germs and is better than the last in this respect, but it has acquired a huge total count of other germs.
Probably this section of the pipe line needs scouring out.
Chemically the river water shows a good deal of organic matter, but this is mainly in suspension as
passage through the gallery has removed most of it. What little is left appears to be of animal origin.
The water is a distinctly good one.
Chemical Analyses.
Physical appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Brownish and opaque.
Colourless and clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
Parts per 100,000
Temporary hardness
Do.
Permanent hardness
Do.
Total hardness
D o .
Chlorine
Do.
Ammoniacal nitrogen
Do.
• •
Albuminoid nitrogen
Do.
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's Process)
Do.
Nitric nitrogen
Do.
27.000
3.500
2.500
6.000
0.710
Trace.
0 . 0 1 3
0 . 1 1 6
N i l .
16.400
7.500
1.500
9.000
1.242
Trace.
0.003
0.015
Nil.
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites
Sulphates
Phosphates
Iron, poisonous metals
N i l .
T r a c e .
N i l .
Nil, nil.
N i l .
Present.
Nil.
Nil, nil.