NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
76
SURRA.
From the preceding record of cases it will be seen that the
treatment of Surra by means of Atoxyl and Arsenious Acid has
met with very marked success in our hands. From a few re-
ports which I have received it appears that this system has not
met with the same success at other places where it was given
a trial. I regret that except in two instances details of the
treatment have not been supplied to me. Where details were for-
warded I found that the system as advised by me had not been
strictly carried out, also that many of the animals placed under
the system had been previously treated with small doses of
Arsenic and by other methods. There appears to be a certain
amount of confusion regarding the method recommended by
me. In the earliest papers the term orpiment was used, when
as explained we were working with impure Arsenious Acid.
Consequently several experimenters have followed the method
of using pure orpiment in place of Arsenious Acid.
Three methods of dosage have been tried with success by
us. The preparations used in these methods were, Arsenious
Acid (in bolus), Arsenious Acid (in solution), and Atoxyl (sub-
cutaneously). In the first method, Arsenious Acid (bolus)
was used in conjunction with Atoxyl given alternately and with
an interval of one day between each dose. In all ten doses are
required. In the second method, Atoxyl and Arsenious Acid
were administered as follows:—A dose of Arsenious Acid in
solution (Löeffler and Ruehs) in drench was given; this was fol-
lowed on consecutive days by a dose of Atoxyl subcutaneously
and a dose of Arsenious Acid in bolus. These three doses
were repeated once or twice at intervals of four days and once
after an interval of eight days.
In the third method, Arsenious Acid alone in form of bolus
was given, an interval of one day being allowed between each
dose. Ten doses were administered.
In the earlier experiments I considered that the second
method of dosage was better tolerated and gave superior re-
sults to the other methods. After further experience and as a
result of a consideration of all the cases treated by us, I am not
SURRA.
77
convinced that any one of these methods is superior to the
others. Very good results can be obtained by the use of
Arsenious Acid alone in bolus form.
The success of the treatment depends on two points (1)
full subtoxic doses of Arsenic; (2) a short interval between
each dose.
The success which we are able to obtain at this Laboratory
in the treatment of Surra cases, by these methods of dosage
is no doubt largely due to the fact that a long experience has
enabled us to accurately estimate the dose of Arsenic, which
can be tolerated by each individual case. It must be borne in
mind that the doses recommended by me are only approxi-
mate and stated more as a guide than as a hard-and-fast
rule. The dose of Arsenic which can be tolerated varies
considerably according to individual idiosyncrasy. I have no
doubt also that, climatic and other conditions, not understood,
have a direct influence on the amount of Arsenic which can be
administered without toxic effect. Each experimenter must
of necessity study his cases and decide and regulate the doses
of Arsenic according to his observations. The dose of Arsenic
should be increased as rapidly as the animal will tolerate it.
The action of the dose on the trypanosomes in the circulation
and the effect on the animal itself gives a guide to the amount
of Arsenic required. After a sufficient dose of the drug, if try-
panosomes are present in the circulation at the time of adminis-
tration, they should disappear within 24 hours or at most 48
hours. If this result is not achieved, the amount of Arsenic
should be at once increased. The animal at some time of the
treatment should show some effect of the drug, evincing
symptoms, as dulness, want of appetite, slight uneasiness.
The drug should not be pushed so as to give colic and
pronounced toxic symptoms. If at any time this occurs
the drug should be suspended till the animal has completely
recovered. In cases of relapse, it is often of advantage to
change the method of dosage and to commence with large
doses.
" SOME EXPERIMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF
SURRA IN CAMELS."
BY
MAJOR J. D. E. HOLMES, mM.R.C.V.S., M.A., D.SC, I.C.V.D.,
Imperial Bacteriologist to the Government of India.
IN the following experiments, Arsenious Acid, Arsenic
Tri-sulphide, Atoxyl, Soamin, Tartar Emetic and Lithium
Antimony Tartrate were tried alone and in combination in the
treatment of Surra in Camels.
In the first instance, the effect of a single dose of varying
amounts was observed in order to ascertain the amount of drug
which could be tolerated, and the effect of the drug on the
trypanosomes in the circulation.
As the periods of intermission in Surra among camels are
very irregular, the interval during which trypanosomes are ab-
sent from the circulation after a dose of Arsenic or other drug
gives only a relative indication of the effect of the dose.
The camels experimented on had contracted Surra
spontaneously and were in a fairly advanced stage of the
disease.
The treatment was carried out during the winter months
on the plains at Bareilly 1909-1910. After March 1910 the
survivors were moved up to the hills (Muktesar). At this latter
place, suitable fodder was not obtainable. The animals were
accommodated in a temporary chappar, where they were
exposed to the rains. The exposure and lack of suitable food
was most probably the cause of death in the case of camels
Nos. 13, 18 and 21, in which animals no trypanosomes had
reappeared from the date of cessation of treatment. A healthy
SURRA.
79
control camel died at the same time from climatic and dietetic
causes.
Camel Surra.
The effect of a single dose of Arsenic.
Camel No. 1.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd-9th
10th
Tryps.
S. 53 in f.
A.
A.
F. 1 in sp.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
(3 gms.) in a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 24 hrs.
Tryps. reappeared in 9 days.
Arsenic—3 grammes.
A dose of 3 grammes Arsenious Acid in form of drench
did not produce any toxic symptoms. The trypanosomes
reappeared in the circulation 9 days after the dose.
A—Absent.
F—Few Trypanosomes in a field.
N—Numerous Trypanosomes in a field.
S—Trypanosomes swarming in a field.
Field—Zeiss' Ocular No. 4. Objective 2 µ µ = 500.
Camel No. 2.
Bay.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th-8th
9th
Tryps.
N. 15 in f.
F. 3 in f.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in sp.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
(3 gms.) in a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„
„
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hrs.
Feeds fairly.
Slight diar-
rhœa.
Feeds well. Bowels set.
„
„
Tryps. reappeared in 6 days.
Arsenic—3 grammes.
A dose of 3 grammes Arsenious Acid in form of drench
did not produce any toxic symptoms. The trypanosomes
reappeared 6 days after the treatment.
80
SURRA.
Camel No. 3.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd-7th
8th
Tryps.
F. 1 in 3 f.
A.
A.
Treatment.
2000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
(Neutral) (3 gms.) in
a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 24 hrs.
Tryps. reappeared in 7 days.
Arsenic—3 grammes.
A dose of 3 grammes Arsenious Acid in drench did not
produce any toxic symptoms. The trypanosomes reappeared
7 days after the treatment.
Camel No. 4.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Tryps.
F. 1 in sp.
F. 2 in f.
N. 8 in f.
N. 10 in f.
Treatment.
1000 c.c. Arsenic sol. in
form of enema (3 gms.)
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
No effect.
An enema of 3 grammes Arsenious Acid in solution had no
effect on the typanosomes and produced no symptoms in the
camel.
Camel No. 5.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th-12th
13th
Tryps.
N. 7 in f.
V. N. 23 in f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 2 f.
Treatment.
1000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
Neutral (2gms.) plus
2 gms. Arsenic in bolus.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hrs.
Diarrhœa.
Bowels setting.
„
set.
Tryps. reappeared in 11 days.
Arsenic—4 grammes.
A dose of 4 grammes Arsenious Acid, 2 grammes in
drench and 2 grammes in bolus, produced diarrhœa for 48
SURRA.
81
hours. The trypanosomes reappeared 11 days after the
treatment.
Camel No. 6.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th-6th
7th
8th
9th-10th
11th
Tryps.
P. 1 in 4 f.
F. 1 in f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 2 in f.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (5
gms.)in a drench.
Died on 14th day.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hours.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
Off feed. Bowels setting.
Feeds fairly. Bowels setting.
Off feed.
„ „
Salivating.
Tryps. reappeared in 10 days.
Arsenic—5 grammes.
A dose of 5 grammes Arsenious Acid in drench produced
toxic symptoms and camel died on the eleventh day. Try-
panosomes reappeared on the eleventh day.
Camel No. 7.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th-11th
12th-46th
47th
Tryps.
F. 1 in 7 f.
F. 1 in sp.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in sp.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. Neu-
tral (10 gms.) plus 2 drms.
Pulvis Opii in drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hrs.
Off feed.
„ „
„
„ Slight diarrhœa.
Feeds slowly. Bowels setting.
„ „ „ set.
Feeds fairly.
Tryps. reappeared in 45 days.
Arsenic—10 grammes.
A dose of 10 grammes Arsenious Acid in drench produced
toxic symptoms. Trypanosomes reappeared forty-five days
after treatment.
6
82
SURRA.
Camel No. 8.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th-29th
30th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 3 f.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
Neutral (10 gms.)[in
a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly. Diarrhœa.
Off feed
„ „ „
„
„ Bowels setting.
„ „ „
„ „
Feeds slowly.
„ fairly.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ well.
Tryps. reappeared 29 days
after treatment commenced.
Tryps. were present in the blood 7 days before treatment commenced.
Arsenic—10 grammes.
A dose of 10 grammes Arsenious Acid in drench produced
toxic symptoms. The Trypanosomes reappeared twenty-nine
days after the treatment.
The effect of continuous treatment with Arsenic.
Camel No. 9.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
Tryps.
F. 1 in 2 f.
F. 1 in 2 f.
F. 1 in 3 f.
F. 1 in 2 f.
F. 1 in f.
Treatment.
2000 c.c. Arsenic sol. Acid
(3 gms.) in a drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. Neu-
tral (4 gms.) in a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms. No effect.
No symptoms. No effect.
Diarrhœa. Off feed.
Arsenic—7 grammes.
Treatment with Arsenic was discontinued as these doses
had no effect on the Trypanosomes ; larger doses could not be
tolerated.
SURRA.
83
Camel No. 10.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th-7th
8th
9th
10th-11th
13th
15th
16th
17th-19th
20th
21st-22nd
24th-25th
26th-27th
28th-35th
36th
Tryps.
N. 10 in f.
V.N. 34 in f.
N. 8 in f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in sp.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (6
gms.) in a drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (3
gms.) in a drench.
2000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (2
gms.) in a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
Tryps. disappeared in 3 days.
Off feed. Bowels setting.
„ „ „ „
„
„
„
set.
„ „
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
„
„
Bowels set.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Off feed.
Feeds slowly.
„ fairly.
Tryps. reappeared.
Arsenic—11 grammes.
The Trypanosomes reappeared five days after the last
dose. Treatment was discontinued, as the Arsenic was not
being tolerated and camel was losing condition.
Camel No. 11.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
6th
8th
9th
11th
13th
14th
16th
17th
18th-22nd
23rd
24th
25th-30th
Tryps.
F. 2 in f.
F. 3 in f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (3
gms.) in a drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (4
gms.)Neutral, in a drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (5
gms.)Neutral, in a drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (6
gms.) in a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hours.
Diarrhœa.
No symptoms.
Off feed.
Feeds slowly.
No symptoms.
Off feed.
„
„
Diarrhœa.
No symptoms.
Diarrhœa.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
„
„
„
dull.
„
„ dull, catarrh.
„ „
84
SURRA.
Camel No. 11.—(Contd.)
Day.
31st-34th
35th-39th
40th-42nd
43rd
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
Feeds slowly.
„
fairly.
Arsenic—18 grammes.
Treatment was discontinued as Arsenic was producing
toxic symptoms. Trypanosomes reappeared forty-one days
after last dose.
Camel No. 12.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
6th
8th-9th
10th-11th
12th
14th-20th
21st
22nd
25th
26th
27th
30th
32nd
33rd
34th-36th
37th
38th-41st
42nd
43rd-45th
46th
47th-50th
51st
Tryps.
F. 1 in sp.
F. 1 in sp.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 15 f.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
Neutral (5 gms.) in a
drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
Neutral (5 gms.) in a
drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol.
(6 gms.) in a drench.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hours.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
„
„
Diarrhœa.
„ „
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
No symptoms.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
Feeds fairly. Bowels setting.
Off feed.
Feeds slowly.
„
fairly.
„
slowly.
Off feed.
Feeds slowly.
„
fairly.
Arsenic—16 grammes.
Treatment was discontinued as Arsenic was producing
toxic symptoms. Trypanosomes reappeared twenty-one days
after last dose.
SURRA.
85
Camel No. 13.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th-17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
23rd
24th-27th
28th
29th-32nd
33rd
34th-37th
38th
39th-180th
181st
182nd
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
1 gm. Arsenic in a ball.
1 „ „ „
2 gms. „ „
2 „ „ „
2.25 „ „
„
3
„
„ „
3 „ „ „
4 „ „ „
3 gms. Arsenic in a ball.
3 „ „ „
3.5 „ „ „
3.5 „ „ „
Died.
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„
„
„ „
„ „
„
„
Feeds fairly. Slight diarrhœa
„
„
Bowels set.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
Off feed.
„ „
Arsenic—31.25 grammes.
Trypanosomes were absent thirteen clays before treatment
commenced and remained absent up to date of death, viz., 182
days.
Camel No. 14.
Day.
1st
3rd
5th
7th
9th
11th
13th
18th
20th
21st
23rd
28th
33rd
38th
39th-138th
139th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 20 f.
Treatment.
1 gm. Arsenic in a ball.
1
„ „ „
2 gms.
„
„
2 „ „ „
2.25 „ „ „
3 „ „ „
3
4 „ „ „
3
3
„ „ „
3.5 „ „ „
3.5 „ „ „
Arsenic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Feeds fairly. Slight diarrhœa.
„
„
Bowels set.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
Tryps. appeared 139 days
after treatment commenced.
Arsenic—31.25 grammes.
86
SURRA.
Trypanosomes were present five days before treat-
ment commenced. They reappeared 91 days after last
dose.
Effect of a single dose of Tartar Emetic.
Camel No. 15.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th-14th
15th
Tryps.
F. 1 in f.
F. 5 in f.
F. 1 in sp.
A.
A.
F. 1 in sp.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol.
(50 gms.) in
a drench.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 3 days.
Tryps. reappeared in 12 days.
Tartar Emetic—50 grammes.
A single dose of 50 grammes Tartar Emetic had no toxic
effect. Trypanosomes reappeared twelve days after the treat-
ment.
Camel No. 16.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th-15th
16th
Tryps.
F. 1 in 3 f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 20 f.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (100 gms.) in a
drench.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 24 hours.
Feeds fairly. Diarrhœa.
Off feed. Bowels set.
Feeds fairly.
„ well.
Tryps. reappeared in 16 days.
Tartar Emetic—100 grammes.
A single dose of 100 grammes Tartar Emetic caused slight
toxic effect. The Trypanosomes reappeared sixteen days after
the treatment.
SURRA.
87
Effect of continuous treatment with Tartar Emetic.
Camel No. 17.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
Tryps.
F. 1 in sp.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. sol. Tartar
Emetic (100 gms.) in a
drench.
3000 c.c. sol. Tartar
Emetic (120 gms.) in a
drench.
4000 c.c. sol. Tartar
Emetic (140 gms.) in a
drench.
Died.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 24 hours.
Diarrhœa.
Bowels setting.
„
set.
No symptoms.
Diarrhœa.
Off feed. Bowels setting.
„
„
„
set.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly. Diarrhœa.
Tryps. absent 11 days.
Tartar Emetic—360 grammes.
A dose of 120 grammes Tartar Emetic was followed by slight
toxic symptoms. 140 grammes proved fatal.
Continuous Treatment.
Camel No. 18.
Day.
1st
5th
10th
15th
20th
25th
196th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
75 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a drench.
80 gms. Tartar Emetic in
3000 c.c. sol. in drench.
80 gms. Tartar Emetic in
bolus.
85 gms. Tartar Emetic in
bolus.
85 gms. Tartar Emetic in
bolus.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
bolus.
Died.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Tryps. absent 196 days.
Tartar Emetic—495 grammes.
This animal showed Trypanosomes five days before treat-
ment commenced, also fed well right up to time of death, and
never showed any symptoms.
88
SURRA.
Camel No. 19.
Day.
1st
3rd
4th
6th
11th
13th
16th
21st
24th
25th
28th
32nd
33rd
34th
35th
36th
37th
38th-42nd
46th
47th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in f.
Treatment.
75 gms. Tartar Emetic in
3000 c.c. sol. in drench.
80 gms. Tartar Emetic in
3000 c.c. sol. in drench.
85 gms. Tartar Emetic in
3000 c.c. sol. in drench.
00 gms. Tartar Emetic in
3000 c.c. sol. in drench.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
bolus.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
bolus.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
Feeds fairly. Bowels set.
No symptoms.
„
„
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
„ „
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
„ „
„ „
Feeds fairly.
Tartar Emetic—510 grammes.
Trypanosomes were present in the blood eight clays before
treatment began and reappeared nineteen days after last dose.
Camel No. 20.
Day.
1st.
6th
11th
16th
21st
26th
27th-109th
110th
116th
117th
118th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 10 f.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (75 gms.) in a
drench.
80 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
85 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Feeds fairly. Œdema infiltrated.
Feeds fairly. Swelling under
breast and neck.
Tartar Emetic—510 grammes.
SURRA.
89
Trypanosomes were present in circulation five days before
treatment. They reappeared 92 days after last dose.
Camel No. 21.
Day.
1st
3rd
5th
6th
8th
9th
10th-11th
12th
13th
14th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st-24th
26th
28th
29th-33rd
35th
36th & 37th
38th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in 25 f.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (80 gms.) in a
drench.
3500 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (90 gms.) in a
drench.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (95 gms.) in a
drench.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (100 gms.) in a
drench.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
Tartar Emetic alone.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly.
„ „
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Slight diarrhœa.
Bowels set.
No symptoms.
Slight diarrhœa.
Off feed. Bowels setting.
„
„
„
set.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly.
Trypanosomes appeared 38 days
after treatment began.
Tartar Emetic—545 grammes.
Trypanosomes were present nine days before treatment.
They reappeared three days after the last dose.
Treatment with Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Camel No. 22.
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
Tryps.
F. 1 in 5 f.
F. 1 in 5 f.
A.
Treatment.
50 gms. Tartar Emetic plus
3 gms. Arsenic in 300
c.c. sol. in a drench.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hours.
Diarrhœa.
90
SURRA.
Camel No. 22—(Contd.)
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Day.
4th
5th
6th
7th-15th
16th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 1 in sp.
Treatment.
Remarks.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
Feeds fairly. Bowels setting.
„
„
„ set.
Arsenic—3 grammes.
Tartar Emetic—50 grammes
Trypanosomes reappeared sixteen days after the treat-
ment.
Camel No. 23.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th-5th
6th
8th
9th
10th-11th
13th
18th
22nd
Tryps.
V. N. 23 in f.
V. N. 23 in f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (2
gms.) in a drench.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (50 gms.) in a
drench.
2000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (2
gms.) in a drench.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (90 gms.) in a
drench.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (2
gms.) in a drench.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 48 hours.
No symptoms.
No symptoms.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
„
„ Bowels set.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms.
Tryps. absent 20 days.
Arsenic—4 grammes.
Tartar Emetic—140 grammes.
Trypanosomes reappeared eleven days after last dose.
Camel No. 24.
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
1 gm. Arsenic in a ball.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (80 gms.) in a
drench.
1 gm. Arsenic in a ball.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
Feeds fairly.
SURRA.
91
Camel No. 24—(Contd.)
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Day.
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th-12th
13th
14th-15th
16th
17th-18th
20th
22nd
23rd-26th
27th
28th
29th
30th-37th
38th-64th
65th
66th
67th
68th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
2 gms. Arsenic in a ball.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (85 gms.) in a
drench.
2 gms. Arsenic in a ball.
2'25 gms. Arsenic in a
drench.
3000 c.c. Tartar Emetic
sol. (90 gms.) in a
drench.
90 gms. Tartar Emetic in
a ball.
Died.
Remarks.
No symptoms
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Off feed.
Feeds slowly.
„
fairly.
No symptoms.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
Off feed. Swelling on testicles.
Do. Œdema of scrotum.
Feeds fairly. do.
Off feed. Diarrhœa.
Arsenic—7.25 grammes.
Tartar Emetic—345 grammes.
Trypanosomes were present four days before treatment was
commenced and did not reappear in circulation before death.
Camel No. 25.
Day.
1st
3rd
4th
8th
9th
11th
13th
14th
15th
17th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. sol. Tartar
Emetic (120 gms.) in a
drench.
4000 c.c. sol. Tartar
Emetic (120 gms.) in a
drench
1 gm. Arsenic in a ball.
1 gm. Arsenic in a ball.
2 gms. Arsenic in a ball.
4000 c.c. sol. Tartar
Emetic (120 gms.) in a
drench.
3 gms. Arsenic in a ball.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Feeds fairly.
„
„ Slight diarrhœa.
No symptoms.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Feeds fairly.
92
SURRA.
Camel No. 25—(Contd.)
Arsenic and Tartar Emetic.
Day.
18th
21st-23rd
24th
25th
Tryps.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
2.25 gms. Arsenic in a ball
Died.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Off feed.
„ feed, dull, catarrh, shows
signs of pain.
Arsenic—9.25 grammes.
Tartar Emetic—360 grammes.
Trypanosomes were present ten days before treatment
commenced.
Camel No. 26.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th-13th
14th
Tryps.
F. 1 in sp.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
F. 2 in sp.
Treatment.
2000 c.c. Arsenic sol. (2
gms.) in a drench.
100 c.c. of a 4% sol. of
Atoxyl subcut.
100 c.c. of a 4% sol. of
Atoxyl subcut.
Arsenic and Atoxyl.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
Tryps. disappeared in 24 hours.
Off feed.
Feeds fairly.
No symptoms. Dull.
Dull.
No symptoms. Dull.
Dull.
Arsenic—2 grammes.
Atoxyl—8 grammes.
Trypanosomes reappeared eight days after the last dose.
Camel No. 24.
Day.
1st
2nd
3rd
5th
6th
7th
8th
Tryps.
F. 1 in f.
F. in 2 f.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
Treatment.
3000 c.c. Arsenic sol. alka-
line (4 gms.) in a
drench.
200 c.c. of a 10% sol. of
Atoxyl subcut.
4 gms. Arsenic in a ball.
Died.
Arsenic—8 grammes.
Atoxyl—20 grammes.
Arsenic and Atoxyl.
Remarks.
No symptoms.
„ „
Tryps. disappeared 2 days after
Arsenic and one day after
Atoxyl.
Off feed.
„ „
„ „
This amount of Arsenic and Atoxyl proved fatal.