73
Month and Date.
1894.
July 31...
August 1...
Temperature ºC.
A.M.
39.2
...
1 P.M.
40.4
5 P.M.
39.0
...
Pulse.
38
Death
51
at 3
Respiration.
14
P.M.
48
...
Day of
Disease.
3
4
Condi-
tion of
Blood.
Very
nume-
rous.
...
Medicine administered.
A.M.
P.M.
Double Iodide of
Arsenic
and
Mercury - contd.
cc
...
...
cc
...
...
REMARKS.
conjunctival mem-
branes unchang-
ed, limbs and
sheath swollen ;
eruption conti-
nues.
August 1st, 1894, Autopsy seven hours after death. The abdomen is considerably distended with gas, and there
is a slight discharge of a yellow coloured fluid from the left nostril. There is an absence of swelling and œdema from
the extremities.
Thorax.—There is no fluid in the pleural cavities or adhesions of the pleura.
Lungs.—The apices are the seat of a localized emphysema, and there are several extensive subpleural extravasations
varying in colour from dark red to purple. The organs are distended with air, and on section the tissues appear
fairly healthy.
The pericardial sac contains about one ounce of an orange-coloured fluid.
Heart.—Weighs 5 lbs. 4 ozs. Externally the base of the organ is surrounded by a yellow coloured exudation
having the consistency of jelly, and this material is dotted over with small dark-red coloured petechiæ.
On section.—The right side of the heart is somewhat dilated, and contains dark coloured clots, and there are a
few small black coloured sub-endocardial petechiæ. The left side is contracted, but also contains a small amount of
dark clot. There are a few sub-endocardial petechiæ. The valves are healthy.
The peritoneal cavity contains several ounces of a semi-turbid amber-coloured fluid.
Liver.—Weighs 10 lbs. 9¾ ozs. There are a few pearly white calcareous bodies dotted over the outer-surface, and
Glisson's capsule presents signs of some old perihepatitis. On section.—A few calcareous bodies are dotted through
the substance of the tissues, which latter are friable.
Spleen.—Weighs 3 lbs. 8¾ ozs. Externally pale in colour and dotted over with a few brick-red petechiæ.
On section the tissues are dark-red in colour and firm ; follicles normal in size.
Kidneys.—The right weighs 1 lb. 4½ ozs.; the left 1 lb. 2½ ozs. The capsules strip easily, the surfaces are both
petechiated. On section the tissues appear healthy.
Stomach.—Distended with semi-digested food, and on section contains a quantity of a yellow coloured fluid.
The mucous membrane of the whole organ is dyed a deep yellow, and this is especially noticeable for a distance of two
inches on either side of the line of demarcation. Water removes a certain amount of the yellow colour, but it still
remains very marked. There are also a few small extravasations observed involving the submucous tissue of
villous portion.
Remarks.—This animal was obtained for the purpose of subjecting it to a preliminary treatment, with the Double
Iodide of Arsenic and Murcury, previous to inoculation with the Surra hæmatozoon, in order to ascertain whether the
presence of the drug in the system had any power in counteracting the disease. The animal received between June
29th and July 29th, 1894, 1,074 c.c. of the solution equivalent to 10.95 grammes each of the Iodides of Arsenic and
Mercury, or 1.8 grammes Arsenic, 4.8 grammes Mercury, and 15.3 grammes of Iodine. On the morning of the 24th
of July the temperature gradually commenced to rise from 36.6°C. and continued until the evening of the 26th, when
it registered 40°C. On examination of the blood nothing pathological was discovered ; the temperature varied between
39.6ºC. and 40.2°C. On the morning of the 29th July the Surra hæmatozoon was found to be present in the blood.
Death occurred on the morning of the 1st August.
This animal was isolated ; no blood for examination was drawn until the rise of temperature on the morning of
the 27th July. Consequently, if at this time inoculation could have taken place owing to the use of soiled instru-
ments—which is impossible, owing to the precautions taken to guard against such accidents—the period elapsing
between the inoculation and the appearance of the hæmatozoon would be far shorter than any known latent period,
viz. 48 hours. For, when soiled blood is subcutaneously injected in quantity, the latent period of Surra is usually
five (5) days, whereas when a scratch is made in the muzzle, as was done in this instance, in order to obtain a drop of
blood for microscopical examination, the period of incubation is much extended and generally occupies 7 to 10 days.
It must therefore be taken for granted that this animal contracted Surra at least six weeks previous to its
removal from Wái and arrival at the Laboratory Hospital ; for in naturally contracted cases of this disease the
period of incubation extends over a period of from two to three months as a rule.
B 2236—19 ap