NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
SURRA.
47
SOAMIN.
Mule
„
Pony
„
„ C.
„
„ „
„
„
Pony
„
Mule
„
Horse
Mule
Pony
„
„ C.
„
„
Mule
Pony
Pony
„
Mule
Pony
„
„
„
„
Pony
Pony
„
„
Pony
„
No. of
Animal
138 ..
139 ..
140 ..
141 ..
31 ..
143 ..
144 ..
145 ..
146 ..
147 ..
148 ..
149 ..
150 ..
151 ..
152 ..
153 ..
7 ..
155 ..
156 ..
157 ..
158 ..
Weight
in lbs.
550
530
350
407
250
550
250
250
250
260
350
300
500
480
900
550
300
350
300
360
300
500
281
Amount of Drug.
100 c.c. of 10% ..
100 „ of 4% ..
60 „ of 4% ..
60 „ of 4% ..
100 „ of 10% ..
100 „ of 4% ..
3.0 gms.
5.0 „ ..
6.0 ..
10.0 „
Method
administered.
Subcutaneous ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
Intravenous ..
By mouth
„ ..
„ ..
„ „
ARSENIOUS ACID.
1.0 gm.
1.0 „
1.0 „
3.0 gms.
1.0 gm.( 1-250) sol . ..
0.5 „ (1-1,000) ..
1.0 „ ..
1.0 „ ..
1.0 „ ..
1.0 „ ..
1.0 „ ..
2.0 gms. ..
1.0 gm. ..
By month
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
Intravenous ..
„ ..
By mouth
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
Period.
12 days.
6
No effect.
„
Cured 8½ months.
No effect.
„
„
„
13 days.
14 days.
34 „
.. ..
50 days. Probably
cured.
16 days.
12 „
10 „
23 „
Cured 5¼ months.
14 days.
21 „
10 „
12 „
ARSENIOUS ACID SOLUTION. (1—1,000).
159 ..
160 ..
161 ..
162 ..
163 ..
164 ..
105 ..
166 ..
167 ..
225
215
500
250
230
416
523
307
800 c.c. ..
800 „ ..
1,200 „ ..
ORPIMENT.
6.0 gms. ..
7.0 „ ..
10.0 „ ..
10.0 „ ..
8.0 „ ..
By mouth
„ ..
„ ..
By mouth
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
„ ..
10 days.
14 „
5 „
No effect.
10 days.
8 „
7 „
5 .
ANTIMONY SALTS—TARTAR EMETIC.
248
1.00 c.c. of 1% ..
Intravenous ..
SODIUM ANTIMONYL TARTRATE.
168 ..
169 ..
170 ..
171 ..
172 ..
173 ..
400
300
250
100 c.c. of 1%
..
100 „ of 1%
..
50 „ of 0.5% ..
Intravenous ..
Subcutaneous ..
„ ..
6 days.
5 days.
5 „
4 „
LITHIUM ANTIMONYL TARTRATE.
260
230
230
100 c.c. of 1% ..
100 „ of 1% ..
50 „ of 1%
Intravenous ..
„ ..
„ ..
8 days.
4 „
4 „
48
SURRA.
(The above paper was completed for publication on Sep-
tember 30th, 1909, and the periods of observation mentioned
throughout were reckoned up to that date.
All the animals classed as cured (32) are still being kept
under observation, and further reports on their progress will
be published in subsequent papers.)
THE CURE OF SURRA IN HORSES BY THE
ADMINISTRATION OF ARSENIC.*
BY J. D. E. HOLMES, M.A., D.Sc.,
Imperial Bacteriologist to the Government of India.
(With Plates XVI-XXI to XXVII).
IN a previous paper which appeared in Parasitology,
Vol. III, pp. 73—107, and the Journal of Tropical Veter-
inary Science, Vol. V, No. I, details were given of thirty-two
cases of successful treatment of Surra in horses by means
of arsenic and its derivatives.
The object of the present article is to report on the
progress of these cases under a prolonged period of observa-
tion, and to describe further experiments which have been
carried out, on the same lines of treatment, in the Muktesar
Laboratory.
Both results further confirm the conclusion, previously
arrived at, that the treatment effects a complete cure of
Surra, and not merely establishes a temporary tolerance of
the disease. In the former publication, a tabulated list
was given of Surra animals which had shown no return of
the disease after treatment, together with the periods during
which they had been kept under daily observation (Para-
sitology, Vol. III, p. 103).
These periods were dated up to September 30th, 1909.
Since that date these animals have been at work, and their
blood has been examined at intervals of two and three weeks.
The last examination was made on January 31st, 1910,
at which time all were in good condition, and no trypano-
somes could be detected in their blood. During this period
of four months (October 1909 to January 1910) a number of
* Reprint from the Journal of Parasitology, Vol. III, No. 3, Oct. 22, 1910.
4
50
SURRA.
clogs, rabbits and guinea-pigs were inoculated with blood from
these animals. All gave negative results. In February
1910, I left India, on furlough, but arranged that a number
of these Surra-recovered ponies will be available for examina-
tion on my return, at the end of the present year.
The period of observation for each of these thirty-two
cases, dated to January 31st, 1910, is as follows:—
No. of animal.
Horse C 1 ..
„
C 2 ..
Pony C 3 ..
„ C 4 ..
„ C 5 ..
„ C 6 ..
„ C 7 ..
„ C 8 ..
Day of disease.
17th
19th
25th
20th
6th
19th
6th
14th
Paroxysm.
3rd
3rd
4th
3rd
1st
3rd
1st
1st
Drugs used.
ars. ac. alone.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Period under
observation.
10 months.
10 „
71
„
7 „
12 „
141
„
9¼ „
7¼
„
(1st method, of dosage.)
The atoxyl and arsenic administered alternately, leaving
one day interval between each dose.
No. of animal.
Mule C 9 ..
„ C 10 ..
Puny C 11 ..
„ C 12 ..
„ C 13 ..
„ C 14 ..
„ C 15 ..
„ C 16 ..
Horse C 17 ..
Day of disease.
13th
12th
5th
4th
5th
1st
3th
1st
Spontaneous case
in advanced stage
Paroxysm.
2nd
2nd
1st
1st
1st
1st
1st
—
Drugs used.
Atoxyl & ars. ac.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Period under
observation.
11½ months.
11½ „
8 „
14 „
14 „
18 „
16 „
16 „
16 „
SURRA.
51
(2nd method of dosage.)
A dose of arsenious acid in solution (Loeffler and Ruehs)
followed on consecutive days by a dose of atoxyl (subcuta-
neously) and a dose of arsenious acid in bolus.
No. of animal.
Pony C 18 ..
„ C 19 ..
„ C 20 ..
„ C 21 ..
„ C 22 ..
„ C 23 ..
„ C 24 ..
„ C 25 ..
„ C 26 ..
„ C 27 ..
„ C 28 ..
„ C 29 ..
„ C 30 ..
„ C 31 ..
„ C 32 ..
Day of disease.
4th
18th
20th
5th
8th
13th
13th
13th
13th
13th
13th
2nd
21st
22nd
24th
Paroxysm.
1st
3rd
4th
1st
2nd
2nd
2nd
2nd
2nd
2nd
2nd
1st
3rd
3rd
2nd
Drugs used.
Atoxyl & ars. ac.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
.. „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
arsacetin
soamin
atoxyl, tartar eme-
tic and ars. ac.
Period under
observation.
11½ months.
13 „
13½ „
14 „
12 „
13 „
13 „
13 „
13 „
13 „
12½ „
15 „
12½ „
12½ „
16 „
Small animals inoculated with blood from the Surra treated
cases under observation.
Dog (1).— Inoculated intraperitoncally with 20 c.c.
citrated blood from Pony C 6. Blood examined daily for
six weeks. Result negative.
Dog (2).—Inoculated intraperitoneally with 25 c.c.
defibrinated blood from Pony C 16. Blood examined daily
for six weeks. Result negative.
Dog (3).—Inoculated intraperitoneally with 10 c.c. fresh
blood from Pony C 12. Blood examined daily for six weeks.
Result negative.
Dog (4).—Inoculated intraperitoneally with 30 c.c.
citrated blood from Horse C 17. Blood examined daily for
six weeks. Result negative.
Dog (5).—Inoculated subcutaneously with 5 c.c. fresh
blood from Pony C 29. Blood examined daily for six weeks.
Result negative.
52
SURRA.
Dog (6).—Inoculated subcutaneously with 10 c.c. citrated
blood from Pony C 14. Blood examined daily for six weeks.
Result negative.
Dog (7).—Inoculated subcutaneously with 20 c.c.
citrated blood from Pony C 24. Blood examined daily for
six weeks. Result negative.
Twelve rabbits and the same number of guinea-pigs were
inoculated subcutaneously with fresh blood varying in
amounts from 1 c.c. to 5 c.c. from ten of the treated cases.
Blood was examined daily for six weeks. Result negative.
FURTHER EXPERIMENTS IN THE TREATMENT
OF SURRA.
With a view to further confirm the results already
obtained in the treatment of Surra by means of arsenic
alone, and arsenic in combination with atoxyl; and to test
the treatment on mules, a number of ponies and mules
were inoculated with Surra in July 1909. When the
disease was well established, treatment was carried out by
methods of dosage similar to those adopted in the previous
experiments.
Nine mules and six ponies were subjected to treatment
by the 2nd or combined method (a dose of arsenious acid
in solution—Loeffler and Ruehs—followed on consecutive
days by a dose of atoxyl subcutaneously and a dose of
arsenious acid in bolus). From this number seven mules
and four ponies recovered.
Three ponies and two mules were treated with arsenic
alone. One mule and two ponies recovered. It was intend-
ed to subject a larger number of animals to this method of
treatment, but at the time no more animals were available
for the experiment.
Twelve ponies were treated with atoxyl and arsenious
sulphide chemically pure; one pony recovered.
SURRA.
53
TREATMENT WITH ATOXYL AND ARSENIC.
A four per cent. solution of atoxyl freshly prepared
was used. The solution of arsenic was made according to
the method of Loeffler and Ruehs as follows:
Take 1 gramme arsenious acid, 10 c.c. normal soda
solution. Dissolve by boiling. Add 10 c.c. normal hydro-
chloric acid and make up to 1000 c.c.
Normal soda solution:
42 grammes pure caustic soda. Dissolve in 800 c.c. aq.
dist. When dissolved make up to 1000 c.c.
Normal hydrochloric acid solution:
Take 181 grammes (weight) hydrochloric acid @ 1.1 sp.
g. and make up to 1000 c.c.
Mule C. 33.—530 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 15th day of
disease.
1st day 70 c.c. atoxyl.
2nd „ 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Six days interval.
10th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
12th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
17th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th day 2.5 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Mule C. 34.—550 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 25th day of
disease.
1st day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd. „ 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
5th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
10th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
12th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
17th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
28th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
29th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
30th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
54
SURRA.
Mule C. 35.—500 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 15th day of disease.
1st day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
5th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
10th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
12th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
17th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
19th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
28th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
29th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
30th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Mule C. 36.—500 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 25th day of disease.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
16th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
26th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
28th day 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Mule C. 37.—570 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 25th day of disease.
1st day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
5th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
10th day 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
12th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
17th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
28th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
29th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
30th „ 2.5 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Mule C. 38.—550 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 25th day of
disease.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Six days interval.
10th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
12th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
17th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th day 2.5 gms. ars. ac.
SURRA.
55
No further treatment was given as the animal showed
symptoms of arsenic poisoning after the last dose. No
return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation 5 months.
Mule C. 39.—460 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 15th day of
disease.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 700 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
19th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
20th „ 50 c.c atoxyl.
21st day 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Mule B. 1.—660 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 25th day of disease.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
Kith „ 70 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
26th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
28th day 2 gms. ars. ac.
Trypanosomes reappeared 17 days after treatment. In
this case the doses were not sufficiently large. The amounts
were not increased, as the animal showed symptoms of
poisoning after the first series of doses. A second course of
treatment with larger amounts would probably have succeed-
ed. This was not tried owing to the number of other
experiments in hand at the time.
Mule B. 2.—350 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 25th day of disease.
1st day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
5th day 1 gm. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
14th day 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
15th day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
16th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
21st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
22nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
23rd „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
This mule showed symptoms of poisoning on the 25th
day and died that night.
56
SURRA.
Pony C. 40.—300 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 20th day of disease
1st day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
5th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
10th day 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
12th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
17th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
24th day G00 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
25th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
26th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation 5
months.
Pony C. 41.—400 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 20th day of disease.
1st day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol,
2nd „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
19th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
20th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
21st day 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Pony C. 42.—550 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 20th day of disease.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Six days interval.
17th day 700 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th ., 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th ., 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
28th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
29th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
30th day 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation 5
months.
Pony C. 43.—350 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 20th day of disease.
1st day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
5th ., 1 gm. ars. ac.
Six days interval.
12th day 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
13th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
14th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
19th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
20th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
21st „ 1.5 gms. ars ac.
Eight days interval.
30th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
31st „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
32nd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
SURRA.
57
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation 5
months.
Pony B. 3.—400 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 20th day of disease.
1st day 400 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Six days interval.
17th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
18th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
19th „ 1 gm. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
28th day 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
29th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
30th day 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Trypanosomes reappeared 22 days after treatment.
Pony B. 4.—350 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 20th day of disease.
1st day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 500 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
4th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
5th day 1 gm. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
10th day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
11th day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
This pony showed symptoms of poisoning on the 12th
day and died the same night.
TREATMENT WITH ARSENIC ALONE.
Mule C. 44.—500 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 18th day of disease.
1st day 3 gms. ars. ac.
Treatment was not continued as the mule showed
symptoms of poisoning and was off feed for several days.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation 5
months.
Mule B. 5.—450 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 18th day of disease.
1st day 1 gm. ars. ac.
3rd „ 2 gms. „
6th „ 3 „
This mule showed symptoms of poisoning and died on
the 8th day.
Pony C. 45.—300 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 18th day of disease.
1st day 1 gm. ars. ac.
3rd „ 1 „ „
5th „ 1.5 gms. „
8th „ 1.5 „ „
10th day 1.25 gms. ars. ac.
12th „ 2 „ „
14th „ 1.5 „ „
16th „ 1.25 „ „
58
SURRA.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
Pony C. 46.—350 lbs., 2nd paroxysm. 18th day of
disease.
1st day 1 gm. ars. ac.
3rd „ 1 „ „
5th „ 1 „ „
7th „
1. 5 gms. „
17th day
9th day 1.75 gms. ars. ac.
11th „ 1.75 „
„
„
13th „ 1.75
„
„
„
15th „ 1.5 „ „ „
1.75 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
5 months.
TREATMENT WITH ATOXYL AND ARSENIOUS SULPHIDE
(CHEMICALLY PURE).
Twelve ponies were treated with atoxyl and arsenious
sulphide. The results were unsatisfactory. Ponies of 500 lbs.
weight do not tolerate more than 10 gms. of the sulphide.
In many cases a smaller dose proves fatal. Even in small
amounts it is not borne so well as the arsenious acid.
Out of the twelve ponies treated five were discontinued
at an early stage as each dose was followed by symptoms
of poisoning. In six cases the treatment was pushed as far
as possible, but relapses occurred a few weeks after the
dosage was stopped. In one case the treatment was
successful.
Pony C. 47.—350 lbs., 3rd paroxysm. 18th day of
disease.
1st day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 6 gms. ars. sulph.
5th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
9th day 6 gms. ars. sulph.
11th „ 50 c.c. atoxyl.
13th „ 6 gms. ars. sulph.
15th day 50 c.c. atoxyl.
At this stage the pony showed symptoms of poisoning,
and was in pain and off food for five days. No further
treatment was given.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation 5
months.
SURRA.
59
THE RESULT OF THE ARSENIC TREATMENT IN TWENTY CASES
OF SURRA SPONTANEOUSLY CONTRACTED.
In the Autumn of 1909 Surra broke out among the
Army Transport ponies working on the Kathgodam road.
Twenty of these cases were sent to the Laboratory for
treatment. All these ponies were old, not less than sixteen
years, worn out, and in the last stage of the disease. They
were so debilitated that it required two days to march them
from their camp to the Laboratory, a distance of about
18 miles.
On blood examination trypanosomes varying in number
from 5 to 100 in a field were detected in every case. The
animals were not in a condition to tolerate the administra-
tion of arsenic by the mouth. Consequently, an injection
of atoxyl was first given which freed the blood from
trypanosomes. The injection was repeated after an interval
of three days. After a week the ponies had so far improved
that it was considered safe to commence treatment. Out
of these twenty cases, two died from tympanitis during the
course of treatment. There were no symptoms, or post-
mortem lesions of poisoning, and death was not attributed
to arsenic.
One pony died some weeks after the completion of treat-
ment from injuries received by falling under the partition of
his stall, at night. He had not shown any relapse.
Seventeen recovered. Four of these had a relapse and
received a second course of treatment. Sixteen ponies were
returned to their corps after being kept under observation at
the Laboratory for three months following their treatment.
One pony which injured his hock and is unfit for work
remains under observation at the Laboratory.
Taking into consideration the age and condition of
these animals, the fact that the disease was contracted
spontaneously and had advanced to the last stage, it is
evident, that, no more severe or practical test could be
60
SURRA.
applied to the arsenic treatment of Surra. The results
have been most successful. The recovered animals are being
kept under further observation in the Transport Corps.
Pony C. 48.—550 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
loth day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
16th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
26th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
28th day 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 49.—580 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th day 2 gms. ars. ac.
This pony showed symptoms of poisoning after the last
dose. No further treatment was given.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 50.—540 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
16th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
26th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
28th day 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 51.—650 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
16th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
17th day 2.5 gms. ars. ac.
SURRA.
61
No further treatment was given as the pony showed
symptoms of poisoning after last dose.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 52.—520 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
16th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ Dose not given as animal had
colic.
Eight days interval.
26th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
28th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 53.—580 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. so).
16th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ 2.5 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
26th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
28th day 2 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 54.—570 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th day 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th day 2 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
19th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
20th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
21st day 2'5 gms. ars. ac.
No return of trypanosomes. Kept under observation
3 months.
Pony C. 55.—600 lbs.
1st day 600 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
2nd „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
3rd „ 1.5 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
8th day 800 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
9th „ 60 c.c. atoxyl.
10th „ 2 gms. ars. ac.
Four days interval.
15th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
16th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
17th „ 2.5 gms. ars. ac.
Eight days interval.
26th day 1000 c.c. ars. ac. sol.
27th „ 75 c.c. atoxyl.
28th day 2.5 gms. ars. ac.