NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
APPENDICES.
23
STATEMENT No. VII.—Showing the Probable cause of Insanity in the
Patients admitted into the Mental Hospitals during the year ending
the 31st December 1935.
—
TADAGALE.
Mental Stress
Moral ... ... ...
Business Worry ... ...
Domestic Worry ... ...
Stress of Military Service ...
Toxins—
Canabis Indica ... ...
Alcohol ... ... ...
Other Toxins ... ...
Physical
...
...
...
Opium ... ... ...
Bodily illness ... ...
Pregnancy ... ... ...
Child Birth ... ... ...
Climecteric ... ... ...
Epilepsy ... ... ...
Head injuries ... ...
Infections—
Encephalitis Lethargica ...
Influenza ... ... ...
Syphilis ... ... ...
Other Infections ... ...
Old Age—
Hereditary predisposition ...
Previous attacks ... ...
Unascertained ... ...
Total ...
Minbu Total ...
GRAND TOTAL ...
Predisposing
Causes.
M.
...
1
...
...
...
...
4
29
...
7
...
...
...
5
...
...
...
5
4
35
18
58
166
Nil
166
F.
...
...
5
...
...
...
2
8
...
3
...
...
1
3
...
...
...
1
...
3
...
8
34
Nil
34
T.
...
1
5
...
...
...
6
37
...
10
...
...
1
8
...
...
...
6
4
38
18
66
200
Nil
200
Exciting
Causes.
M.
...
5
14
...
13
...
1
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
54
...
...
...
...
91
Nil
91
F.
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
8
Nil
8
T.
...
5
17
...
13
...
1
3
...
...
...
2
...
...
1
...
...
57
...
...
...
...
99
Nil
99
Total.
M.
...
6
14
...
13
...
5
32
...
7
...
...
...
5
1
...
...
59
4
35
18
58
257
Nil
257
F.
...
...
8
...
...
...
2
8
...
3
...
2
1
3
...
...
...
4
...
3
...
8
42
Nil
42
T.
...
6
22
...
13
...
7
40
...
10
...
2
1
8
1
...
...
63
4
38
18
66
299
Nil
299
24
APPENDICES.
STATEMENT No. VIII.—Showing the Cash Account of the Mental Hospitals
Name of Mental
Hospital.
(1)
Tadagale ...
Minbu ...
Total for 1935
Total for 1934
Total for 1933
Credits.
Received from
the treasury.
(2)
Rs.
2,35,378
19,864
2,55,242
2,59,239
2,88,865
A.
2
9
12
3
14
P.
4
10
2
7
3
Received from
paying patients
(including
Municipalities.)
(3)
Rs.
2,00,480
A.
(A)
15
P.
9
...
2,00,480
2,04,834
1,84,019
15
6
1
9
0
0
Value of stores
received from
Manufacturing
Departments
less cost of
raw materials.
(4)
Rs.
2,758
2,862
5,620
7,982
6,697
A.
5
4
9
15
7
P.
3
6
9
10
1
Book receipts,
i.e., the total of
expenditure
entered
in columns
19, 20 and 21.
(5)
Rs.
22,639
1,965
24,604
25,501
21,448
A.
4
4
9
8
3
P.
6
6
0
6
6
Miscellaneous
receipts.
(6)
Rs.
2,896
948
3,844
2,534
2,403
A.
2
2
4
15
9
P.
9
0
9
9
6
Name of Mental
Hospital.
(1)
Tadagale ...
Minbu
...
Total for 1935
Total for 1934
Total for 1933
Charges—
Contingencies.
Contingencies
proper.
(13)
Rs.
47,129
1,797
48,926
47,394
50,337
A.
10
2
12
12
14
P.
0
6
6
3
6
Repairs and
maintenance.
(14)
Rs. A. P.
...
...
...
...
...
Rates and
taxes.
(13)
Rs.
11,712
1,328
13,04l
13,409
14,108
A.
11
13
8
7
1
P.
0
0
0
0
0
Remitted to
treasury on
account of paying
patients,
(including
Miscellaneous
Receipts).
(16)
Rs.
2,03,377
948
2,04,325
2,07,369
1,86,422
A.
(B)
2
2
4
5
10
P.
6
0
6
9
6
Miscellaneous
items.
(17)
Rs.
7,973
A.
1
P.
1
...
7,973
7,627
6,414
1
0
12
1
9
9
(A) (a) Local Bodies ...
(b) Paying patients ...
Rs.
1,88,138
12,342
2,00,480
A.
9
6
15
P.
0
9
9
(C) Column 2 including value of stores received from the
APPENDICES.
25
in Burma for the year 1935 and Provincial totals for two previous years.
Total.
(7)
Rs.
4,64,152
25,640
4,89,793
5,00,093
5,03,434
A.
14
4
3
1
3
P.
7
10
5
8
4
Charges
Establishment.
Establishment
proper.
(8)
Rs.
1,13,147
8,791
1,21,938
1,21,379
1,31,763
A.
3
5
8
8
0
P.
0
0
0
0
0
Superinten-
dence.
(9)
Rs.
16,235
1,140
17,375
19,638
20,316
A.
1
0
1
14
11
P.
0
0
0
0
0
Diet.
(10)
Rs.
45,734
6,796
52,530
56,287
69,349
A.
14
1
15
8
13
P.
1
4
5
7
0
Clothing and
bedding.
(11)
Rs.
2,233
10
2,244
800
3,041
A.
15
10
9
15
13
P.
8
0
8
0
0
Bazaar
medicines.
( 12)
Rs.
806
...
807
693
421
A.
12
10
6
12
13
P.
6
0
6
0
0
concluded.
Total of columns
8 to 17.
(18)
Rs.
4,48,350
20,812
4,69,163
4,74,601
4,82,176
A.
6
11
2
3
8
P.
10
10
8
4
9
Book Charges.
Charges on
account of
work done by
Public Works
Department.
(19)
Rs.
19,982
1,058
21,041
22,939
18,297
A.
14
11
9
14
13
P.
0
0
0
0
6
Cost of
printed
forms and
stationery.
(20)
Rs.
733
A.
5
P.
6
...
733
203
350
5
1
2
6
6
0
Cost of English
medicines and
stores.
(21)
Rs.
1,923
3,768
5,691
4,744
5,665
A.
(C)
1
14
15
11
4
P.
0
0
5
1
Total of
columns 18
to 21.
( 22)
Rs.
4,70,989
25,640
4,96,630
5,02,488
5,06,489
A.
11
4
0
14
12
P.
4
10
2
3
4
Remarks.
[Give details for
the figures shown in
column 6.]
( 23)
Milk
sold
Vegetables
sold
Cloth
sold
Miscella-
neous
Total
Rs.
2,294
606
367
576
3,844
A.
0
4
9
6
4
P.
9
6
6
0
9
(B) Maintenance charges of patients vide column 3 ...
Miscellaneous receipt vide column 6 ...
Rs.
2,00,480
2,896
2,03,337
A.
15
2
2
P.
9
9
6
manufacturing department already credited in column 4.
26
APPENDICES.
STATEMENT No. IX.—Showing Receipts and Expenditure on account of Manufactures in the Mental Hospitals in Burma during
the year 1935 and Provincial totals for two previous years.
1
Name of Mental
Hospital.
Tadagale ...
Minbu ...
Total for 1935
Total for 1934
Total for 1933
2
Mean Population.
Males.
894.18
128
1,022.18
1,145.29
1,167.82
Females.
179.87
...
179.87
186.31
132.76
Total.
1,074.05
128
1,202.05
1,331.60
1,350.58
3
4
5
6
7
8
Credits.
Cash paid into
the Treasury
for articles
sold.
Rs.
2,896
948
3,844
2,534
2,403
A.
2
2
4
15
9
P.
9
0
9
9
6
Value of manu-
factured goods
made over to
the asylum for
asylum
purposes.
Rs.
14,959
4,649
19,608
29,944
35,543
A.
0
5
5
11
9
P.
7
4
11
4
7
Value of raw
materials in
store at the end
of the year.
Rs.
165
826
991
703
846
A.
1
6
7
13
0
P.
0
0
0
0
11
Value of manu-
factured goods
in store at the
end of the year.
Rs.
1,384
1,946
3,330
5,284
4,026
A.
12
3
15
9
4
P.
0
1
1
2
8
Value of plant
and machinery
in store at the
end of the year.
Rs.
5,800
5,120
10,920
10,884
9,758
A.
0
5
5
15
5
P.
0
3
3
11
2
Total credits.
Rs.
25,205
13,490
38,695
49,353
52,577
A.
0
5
6
1
13
P.
4
8
0
2
10
9
10
Debits.
Value of manu-
factured goods
in store on 1st
January.
Rs.
2,232
3,052
5,284
4,026
5,736
A.
3
5
9
4
10
P.
3
11
2
8
7
Value of raw
materials in
store on 1st
January.
Rs.
71
632
703
846
1,583
A.
8
4
13
0
8
P.
6
6
0
11
11
1
Name of Mental
Hospital.
Tadagale ...
Minbu ...
Total for 1935
Total for 1934
Total for 1933
2
Mean Population.
Males.
894.18
128
1,022.18
1,145.29
1,167.82
Females.
179.87
...
179.87
186.31
182.76
Total.
1,074.50
128
1,202.05
1,331.60
1,350.58
11
Value of plant
and machinery
in store on 1st
January.
Rs.
5,800
5,084
10,884
9,758
9,843
A.
0
15
15
5
1
P.
0
11
11
2
0
12
13
14
15
16
Debits.
Raw materials
purchased.
Rs.
2,637
2,112
4,750
4,863
4,049
A.
12
5
1
12
11
P.
9
0
9
10
0
Contingencies
of manufacture.
Rs.
4,041
375
4,416
4,384
4,379
A.
9
5
15
15
14
P.
6
6
0
2
8
All other
charges.
Rs.
4,380
141
4,522
4,218
4,388
A.
4
14
2
9
9
P.
0
8
8
6
8
Total debits.
Rs.
19,163
11,399
30,562
28,098
29,981
A.
6
3
9
0
7
P.
0
6
6
3
10
Excess of credits
or profits.
Rs.
6,041
2,091
8,132
21,255
22,596
A.
10
2
12
0
6
P.
4
2
6
11
0
17
Excess of
debit or loss.
Rs. A. P.
...
...
...
...
...
18
Remarks.
...
...
...
...
...
ANNUAL REPORT
ON
MENTAL HOSPITALS IN BURMA
FOR THE YEAR 1936
RANGOON
SUPDT., GOVT. PRINTING AND STATIONERY, BURMA
1937
Price,—Rs. 1-8 = 2s. 3d.]
ANNUAL REPORT
ON
MENTAL HOSPITALS IN BURMA
FOR THE YEAR 1936
RANGOON
SUPDT., GOVT. PRINTING AND STATIONERY, BURMA
1937
LIST OF AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF
GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS.
IN BURMA.
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, Rangoon
BISWAS & Co., 226. Lewis Street, Rangoon.
BRITISH BURMA PRESS BRANCH, Rangoon.
BURMA BOOK CLUB. LTD., Post Box No.1068. Rangoon.
CITY BOOK CLUB, 98. Phayre Street, Rangoon.
CONTINENTAL TRADING Co., No. 363, Lower Main Road. Moulmein.
MESSRS. K. BIN HOON & SONS, Nyaunglebin.
MAUNG LU GALE, Law Book Depôt, 42, Ayo-o-gale, Mandalay.
NEW LIGHT OF BURMA PRESS, 61, Sule Pagoda Road, Rangoon.
PROPRIETOR, THU DHAMA WADI PRESS, 16—80, Maung Rhine Street,
Rangoon.
RANGOON TIMES PRESS, Rangoon.
IN INDIA.
BOOK Co., LTD., 4/4A, College Square. Calcutta.
BUTTERWORTH & Co., (INDIA), LTD., Calcutta.
CITY BOOK Co., Post Box No. 283, Madras.
D. B. TARAPOREVALA, SONS & Co., Bombay.
HIGGINBOTHAM & Co., Madras.
MESSRS. SAMPSON WILLIAM & Co., Cawnpore, United Provinces.
MR. RAM NARAIN LAL. Proprietor, National Press, Katra, Allahabad.
S. K. LAHIRI & Co., 56, College Street, Calcutta.
THACKER, SPINK & Co., (1933) Ltd., 3, Esplanade East, Calcutta.
THACKER & Co., LTD., Bombay.
W. NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta.
IN EUROPE AND AMERICA.
The publications are obtainable either direct from THE HIGH COMMIS-
------ FOR INDIA, Public Department, India House, Aldwych.
London, W.C. 2. or through any bookseller.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
ANNUAL REPORT ON MENTAL HOSPITALS IN BURMA FOR THE YEAR
1936.
General ... ... ... ...
Accommodation ... ... ...
Population ... ... ... ...
Admissions and Discharges ... ... ...
Health and Mortality ... ... ...
Criminal Lunatics ... ... ... ...
Incidence of Insanity in respect of Religion and Sex, etc.
Age
...
...
...
...
...
Form of Mental Disorder ... ... ...
Probable Cause of Insanity ... ... ...
Treatment
...
...
...
...
Sanitation and Conservancy ... ... ...
Water Supply ... ... ... ...
Amusement and Recreation
...
...
...
Garden and Dairy ... ... ... ...
Died
...
...
...
...
...
Escapes, Accidents and Suicides
...
...
Finance ... ... ... ...
Conclusion (Staff) ... ... ... ...
PARA
1
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5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
PAGE
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
RESOLUTION
ON THE
Annual Report on Mental Hospitals
in Burma
For the Year 1936.
Extract from the Proceedings of the Government of Burma, Public Health
Department, No. 160SJ37, dated the 18th April 1937.
READ—
The Annual Report on Mental Hospitals in Burma for the year 1936.
RESOLVED THAT—
The Report be published.
By order,
A. J. S. WHITE,
Secretary to the Government of Burma,
Education Department.
BURMA.
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT—No. 4251—L.A.9.
FROM
LIEUT.-COLONEL H. S. CORMACK, M.C., I.M.S.,
Offg. Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Burma,
To
THE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF BURMA,
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.
Dated Rangoon, the 25th March 1937.
SIR,
I have the honour to forward herewith the Annual Report
on the Mental Hospitals at Tadagale and Minbu for the year 1936.
In accordance with Local Government's orders of 1936, the Report
on the working of the Mental Hospitals in Burma is now issued
annually.
2. Accommodation.—The accommodation in the two Mental Hospitals
remained the same as last year, viz., 1,051 (886 males and 165 females)
at the Mental Hospital, Tadagale, and 138 (males) at the Mental
Hospital, Minbu.
Statements I and II.
3. Population.—The total number of patients remained in both Mental
Hospitals, on the 1st January 1936, was 1,163 (1,193
in 1935 and 1,367 in 1934). On the 1st January
1936, at Tadagale, there were 1,039 patients (866 males and 173
females) and at Minbu 124 (males). At the end of the year, the
population was 841 (696 males and 145 females) at Tadagale and 117
(males) at Minbu. The daily average population at both institutions
was 1074.45 (Mental Hospital, Tadagale—792.00 males and 162.58
females and Minbu—119.87 males). The largest number of patients on
any one night was 1,046 (871 males and 175 females) at Tadagale and 124
(males) at Minbu.
4. Admissions and Discharges.—The total number of admissions
including re-admissions during the year was 296 (240 males and 56
females) at Tadagale. There was no admission at the Mental Hospital,
Minbu. The total number of discharges from the Mental Hospital,
Tadagale, was 425 (355 males and 70 females) of which 302 (257 males
and 45 females) were discharged as "cured", 114 (89 males and 25
females) as " improved," and 9 males) as " otherwise." One (male) was
discharged from Minbu as " otherwise." The percentage of " cured "
to " admissions " was 25.68 (23.08).
5. Health and Mortality.—The general health of the inmates at both
the institutions has been satisfactory throughout the year. Total deaths
2
ANNUAL REPORT ON MENTAL HOSPITALS
were 75 of which 69 (55 males and 14 females) occurred at Tadagale
and 6 (males) at Minbu.
The high number of deaths at the Mental
Hospital, Tadagale, may be attributed to the fact that the cases of
General Paralysis of the Insane were received in an advanced stage
when treatment was of no avail.
Statement III.
6. Criminal Lunatics.—On the 1st January 1936 the total number of
criminal patients was 546 of which 422 (395 males
and 27 females) at Tadagale and 124 (males) at
Minbu. At the end of the year the total number was 525 of which
408 (384 males and 24 females) at Tadagale and 117 (males) at Minbu.
There were 17 deaths (10 males and 1 female) at Tadagale and
6 (males) at Minbu.
Statement IV.
7. This statement is self explanatory and no comment is called for.
Rangoon accounts for the largest number of
admissions. The ratio between the different
races appears to have been maintained.
Statement V.
8. There is little to draw attention to this statement except that the
number of admissions between the ages 20 to 40
years is high.
Statement VI.
9. This statement is self explanatory. No comment is called for.
Statement VII.
10. At Tadagale there were 36 admissions for " Mental Stress ", 117
for '' ,Toxins ", 77 for '' Infection " and 125 for
"Old Age " (including 61, unascertained cases).
There were no admissions at Minbu.
Treatment.
11. (a) Tadagale.—Occupational therapy and recreational facilities
have been utilized more than in former years in the
treatment of Psychoses. As in the previous year
all the new admissions were examined for specific infection.
Out of 320 specimens of blood sent for examination 123 were
found to have positive Wassermann Re-actions. Cerebro-Spinal
fluid was examined when the blood was positive. Out of 105
specimens of Cerebro-Spinal fluid examined 63 were found positive.
Helmenthic infections, septic teeth and any other septic foci were all
systematically attended to. Blood counts were made in Anæmic cases
and such were brought to normal level by judicious diet of fresh milk,
fruit and other dietary accessories. 36 cases were examined for total
and differential blood counts. 166 specimens of stool were examined
and 60 were found to be positive for worms. Appropriate treatment
was given. 34 specimens of sputum were examined and 7. were positive
for Tuberculosis of the Lungs. Patients were allowed out in the open
as soon as their physical condition permitted. No form of restraint
was resorted to. Even excited restless patients were allowed out in
IN BURMA FOR THE YEAR 1936.
3
the open with attendants and it was found that this method was more
effective in making them quieter. Continuous hot baths were given for
restless patients and Paraldehyde is the most common soporific used.
As far as possible, acute recoverable cases were kept apart from the
chronic patients. Cases of General Paralysis of the Insane were
treated by means of pyrexial treatment induced by means of intravenous
injections of T.A.B. vaccine followed by injections of Tryparsamide,
mercurials and Bismuth.
Induction of Pyrexia by means of inoculation of malarial blood had
to be abandoned on account of the risk of cerebral malaria, due to
mixture of M.T. Malaria in the donor or sometimes of a recrudescence
of M.T. Malaria in the patient himself.
(b) Minbu.—No
specific therapeutic treatment
was given.
Dietetic and occupational treatment to promote mental and physical
health of the inmates were given. Germinating grains and pulses and
aromatic herbs were supplied for the last three months to all the
inmates. Rouwolfea Serpentina was tried during the year on the case
which developed Nephritis last year and also on two other cases with
favourable result.
12. Sanitation and Conservancy—(a) Tadagale.—The water-borne
system for the disposal of sewage continued to work satisfactorily. The
buildings, compound and out-houses were kept thoroughly clean by
the patients. Covered dust bins were provided in suitable places and
chloride of lime sprinkled round. The clothing was periodically
disinfected by means of the thresh disinfector.
(b) Minbu.—The
precints were kept clean and tidy. The
drains were flushed with water and sprayed with cresol lotion daily.
The latrine (bucket system) has nine seats. The buckets were emptied
four times daily by the hospital sweepers into fifth receptacles, provided
with tight covers and kept outside the compound. These were emptied
daily into Municipal night soil carts. The dormitories and hospital
are also provided with night latrines of bucket system. The buckets
and receptacles were kept clean.
Clothing was washed and changed once in three days and disinfected
and sterilized. Bedding including cots were dried in the sun and aired
daily by turns. Bugs were very few and those present were destroyed
as far as possible.
13. Water-supply—(a) Tadagale.—The total consumption of water
for drinking and other requirements during the year was 25,550,500
gallons (excluding separate garden water supply) costing Rs. 10,583-10-0
(Rs. 10,038-11-0). Of this, 16,011,380 gallons were obtained from the
Corporation main at 8 annas per 1000 gallons while 9,539,120 were
4
ANNUAL REPORT ON MENTAL HOSPITALS
pumped out from the hospital tube wells. Cost of electric current
used in pumping water from the tube wells to the reservoir was
Rs. 2,578 or 4 annas 4 pies per 1,000 gallons. The daily average con-
sumption was 69,810 (112,513) gallons. Of this, 43,747 gallons were
drawn from the Rangoon Corporation main and 26,063 pumped out
from tube wells. The output from the tube wells decreased during
the year as one well failed on the 12th May 1936 and the others could
not be worked to their full capacity owing to their being in close
proximity to each other.
On account of the scarcity of water the supply had to be restricted.
The continued restriction is however a potential danger to the health
of the institution. A new scheme to ensure adequate water supply is
now under consideration.
(b) Minbu.—Water-supply
is under Municipal control. Water
is stored in galvanized iron tanks. The quality is good. The quantity
becomes insufficient occasionally but arrangements were made to get
adequate supply throughout the year.
14. Amusement and Recreation— (a) Tadagale.—A variety of out-door
games as football, chinlone, badminton and tennis were provided for the
patients. Two tables for playing table tennis were made during the
year, one for the better class ward and another for the main section.
A swimming bath was constructed in the main section for clean and well
behaved patients. Patients were taken weekly to the pictures and
occasionally for drives round the town and to the Zoological garden.
The annual sports were held in the month of February and on
Christmas day, a Burmese pwè was held.
(b) Minbu.—There is no recreation ground. The unemployed
were made to walk for an hour in the mornings and for an hour in the
evenings in the narrow area between the buildings. A gramophone
with 128 records of songs of different nationalities was played every
Sunday and appreciated by the inmates Well behaved patients were
allowed to attend pwès and pagodas in day time on festival days
under the supervision of the keepers.
15. Gardens and Dairy—(a) Tadagale.—The hospital has a garden
which produced varieties of vegetables and fruits during the year.
The total product valued at Rs. 4,141-8-0 (Rs. 4,395-9-4). These
vegetables and fruits were used chiefly for the inmates of the
hospital, the unexpended balance being sold to staff as detailed
below :—
(i) Issued lor patients ... ...
(ii) Sold to staff and amount paid into
the Treasury ... ...
Total ...
Rs.
4,117
23
4,141
A.
15
8
8
P.
6
6
0
IN BURMA FOR THE YEAR 1936.
5
The yield for this year fell short by Rs. 254-1-4 as compared
with previous year, and this can only be attributed to scarcity of water.
The hospital farm was extended during the year by addition of waste
land in the vicinity of septic tanks and this is used for growing guinea
grass for the hospital cattle. Trees, e.g., plantain, papayas, etc., have
also been planted there.
The hospital continued maintaining its dairy. The milk produced
during the year amounted to Rs. 6,313-1-6 (Rs. 6,640-6-9) which was
disposed of as shown below :—
(i) Issued to patients ... ...
(ii) Sold to staff, etc. and amount credited
into treasury
Total
Rs.
3,496
2,816
6,313
A.
15
2
1
P.
0
6
6
The decrease of Rs. 327-5-3 in spite of increased yield is due to price
of milk sold to staff being reduced from 2 annas 6 pies to 2 annas per
bottle. In addition to the above a sum of Rs. 161-8-0 was realized for
10 male calves sold by public auction.
(b) Minbu.—Just outside the hospital wall on the western side
and enclosed by barbed wire fence is a garden, about 4 acres, where
vegetables are grown. Water is obtained from a tank near the north-
west corner of the garden in which rain water is stored. The tank did
not dry this year. Vegetable for inmates were sufficient and surplus
was sold in the bazaar. There is no dairy in the hospital.
16. Diet.—There was no alteration in the scale of diets nor in the
arrangements for their distribution.
Fresh vegetables from the
hospital gardens were used exclusively for the patients.
17. Escapes, Accidents and Suicides—(a) Tadagale.—On the 3rd Feb-
ruary 1936 one Criminal patient Nga Kywe, while he was sitting on the
back rest of a bench, overbalanced, fell down and died within two hours.
Post-mortem revealed fracture of the base of the skull and cerebral
hæmorrhage. On the 18th February 1936, Civil patient Abdul Rahim
(alias) Rahim Sha, escaped from his gang, while working in the outside
compound. The patient was recovered and was to have been brought
up for discharge that month. On the 19th March 1936 Civil patient
Oh Ke Tu committed suicide in the early hours of the morning, by
hanging himself by means of his aingyi, tied to the cross bar of the
door of his room. On the 16th October 1936 one Criminal patient Nga
Yan Pa assaulted another Criminal patient Maung Kyaw Yin with a
mamuti on the back of the head, causing a depressed fracture. Maung
Kyaw Yin recovered after treatment.
(b) Minbu.—There were no cases of escape or suicide. Except
a few cases of minor injuries there was no serious injury or accident.
6 ANNUAL REPORT ON MENTAL HOSPITALS IN BURMA FOR THE YEAR 1936.
Statement VIII.
18. The total expenditure for the year of both the institutions was
Rs. 478,068-12-7 (Rs. 496,630-0-2). The total
receipts during the year were Rs. 4,72,591-15-1
(Rs. 4,89,793-3-5). The decrease in both receipts and expenditure
is due to the reduction in the number of inmates in the hospitals. The
average cost per patient was Rs. 295 (Rs. 249) at Tadagale and
Rs. 147-12-3 (Rs. 137-13-5) at Minbu. The increase in the rate at
Tadagale is due to the decrease in the number of patients while the
increase in the rate at Minbu is mainly due to the increased expenditure
under establishment.
19. Conclusion (Staff)—(a) Tadagale.—Major G. H. Fraser, M.B.,
Ch.B. (Edin.), D.P.M. (Eng.), I.M.S., was the Medical Superintendent
throughout the year. Mr. P. R. Chari, Senior Sub-Assistant Surgeon
worked as Deputy Superintendent from the 1st January 1936 to the 6th
April 1936 when Mr. V. Noronha, L.M. & S. (Mad ), on return from
leave, assumed charge.
(b) Minbu.—Dr. T. K. Nayar, L.M. & S. (Bombay), was in
collateral charge of the institution till 15th August 1936 and
Dr. C. S. Krishnaswamy, L.M. & S. (Mad.), took charge on the 16th
August 1936. Mr. E. Sundaresan, Sub-Assistant Surgeon, continued as
Deputy Superintendent till the 20th April 1936 when he proceeded on
leave being relieved by Mr. G. Venkata Rao, L.M.P., and on the expiry
of the leave Mr. E. Sundaresan resumed duty on the afternoon of the
19th December 1936.
The Medical Superintendents of both the institutions and the
staff carried out their duties satisfactorily and my thanks are due to
them.
I have the honour to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient servant,
H. S. CORMACK, Lieul.-Col., I.M.S.,
Offg. Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Burma.