NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
Surra.
7
the outbreak. It has been proved that cattle harbour for
years the Surra parasite in their blood without showing any
outward symptoms, and that, although blood examination
fails to reveal the presence of the trypanosome, the blood
is still infective. In the present instance, four apparently
healthy cart bullocks were tested, and the blood from one of
the four gave Surra to the inoculated rabbit. Unfortunately
the native owners objected to their cattle being bled even
in a small amount and no further tests could be made.
The swampy land and jungle round the Bojiaghat stable
harbour Tabanidæ in large numbers before the rains, and it
is possible that these flies may have been the means of trans-
mitting the disease from cattle, but the disease continued to
spread rapidly after the disappearance of these flies. There
are also grounds for concluding that the Stomoxys could not
have been the sole agent in the transmission of the disease.
The zone in which the cases spread was confined to Kath-
godam and Bojiaghat ; the Stomoxys were of more general
distribution. The Stomoxys attacks in the day time when the
healthy horses were worked in contact with the affected ones.
The horses exposed to this infection during the day but
stabled apart from infected animals during the night, did not
contract the disease. Within the infected zones the ponies as
well as the bulls and buffaloes were badly bitten at night
by some insects (presumably a mosquito) which could not be
discovered at work.
Recently Mr. Leese has informed me that camels are
bitten in a similar manner at night, and that the Sarbans in
the Dera Ghazi Khan district send away their camels during
and after the rains to avoid the mosquitoes which are said to
be a cause of " fever and death. "
Among camels, Surra is following the extension of canal
irrigation, another fact which points to the probability of the
mosquito being concerned in the transmission of the disease.
Unfortunately the investigation of this outbreak was com-
menced at too late a date. It is proposed, if opportunity arises,
to continue the observations on the biting flies and mosquitoes
on this road during the present year.
8
Surra.
RESULT OF TREATMENT WITH ATOXYL, MERCURY AND
TARTAR EMETIC.
Several of the ponies, immediately after they contracted
Surra, were sent to Muktesar for experimental purposes. Treat-
ment was commenced a few days after the disease had been
diagnosed. The ponies were, as a rule, in poor condition as
they had been doing double their ordinary work for some
weeks.
ATOXYL.
The first injections of atoxyl were made subcutaneously,
but these were not rapidly absorbed, and consequently the
intravenous method was adopted. This was also the case
with mercury, which, when injected subcutaneously, was not
absorbed and caused pain and swelling and in one case necrosis
of the subcutaneous tissue. The primary results of the atoxyl
treatment appeared very promising. The animals improved
rapidly in condition and the parasites disappeared from the
blood. But whenever the treatment was stopped and even
during a continuous treatment for a long period, the trypano-
somes re-appeared and the condition of the animals became
worse.
ATOXYL ALONE.
Pony 243, height about 14 hands, body-weight 678 lbs.
Disease diagnosed 8th September. Treatment commenced
19th September.
Quantity of Atoxyl received.
c.c.
800
290
150
50
50
50
50
of
„
„
„
„
„
„
2
2
4
8
12
15
20
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
Atoxyl
„
„
„
„
„
„
subcut.
intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
gms.
16
5.8
6
4
6
7.5
10
subcut.
intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
=
16
=
39.3
gms
gms.
subcut
intrav.
(Solutions were filtered and heated to blood heat before
injection.)
Surra.
9
Injections.
Date.
September
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
October
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
19th
...
20th ...
21st
22nd
...
23rd
...
24th
...
25th ...
26th ...
27th ...
28th ...
29th ...
30th ...
1st ...
2nd ...
3rd ...
4th ...
5th ...
6th ...
7th ...
8th ...
9th ...
10th ...
11th ...
12th ...
13th ...
14th ...
15th ...
16th ...
Quantity of a 2 per cent.
solution of Atoxyl
injected.
c.c.
50
50
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
20
(No injection)
35
35
50
(No injection)
50
50
(No injection)
50
50 ( 4% sol.)
50 ( do, )
50 ( 8% sol.)
50 ( 4% sol.)
(No injection)
(
„
)
50 (12% sol.)
50 (15% sol.)
50 (20% sol.)
How injected.
Subcut.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Intrav.
...
Intrav.
„
„
...
Intrav.
„
...
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
...
Intrav.
„
„
Trypanosoma pre-
sent or absent.
Absent.
Present.
„
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
About four hours after the injection on the 16th, the pony
showed symptoms of colic, which increased and the animal
was in great pain and died 16 hours after the injection. The
post-mortem showed acute Nephritis. The kidney was for-
warded to Dr. Hankin, Chemical Examiner and Bacterio-
logist, U. P., who kindly tested for arsenic and atoxyl. In
his reply, he informed us that atoxyl does not give the
ordinary arsenic reactions, until it has been decomposed.
" I found the best methods of doing this to be by treatment
with sulphuric acid and permanganate of potassium, or with
bichromate of potassium in the presence of sulphuric acid
followed by potassium pyrosulphite. A piece of the kidney
treated in the latter way gave reactions for arsenic, but not
strongly. Before such treatment no arsenic reaction could
be obtained. " In a later communication he informs us
that on a quantitative examination of the kidney using the
electrolytic method at least 2.64 milligrammes of atoxyl
were present. In the strong solution of the last injections
the atoxyl was not decomposed in the blood stream and
10
Surra.
seems to have been carried direct to the kidneys and set up
acute Nephritis.
A guinea-pig inoculated intraperitoneally with 5 c.c. blood
direct on October 10th, and a rabbit which received a similar
inoculation, showed no symptoms of Surra.
Pony 246.—Height about 14 hands, body-weight 630 lbs.
Disease diagnosed September 17th. Treatment commenced
September 27th.
c.c.
300 of 2%
235 „ 2%
400 „ 4%
400 „ 8%
50 „ 12%
Atoxyl
„
„
„
„
subcut.
intrav.
„
„
„
=
=
=
=
=
Gms.
6
4.7
16
32
6
subcut.
intrav.
„
„
„
= 6
= 58.7
gms. subcut.
gms. intrav.
Injections.
Date.
September
„
„
„
October
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
27th ... ...
28th
...
...
29th ... ...
30th
...
...
1st ... ...
2nd ... ...
3rd ... ...
4th ... ...
5th ... ...
6th ... ...
7th
...
...
8th
...
...
9th
...
...
10th
...
...
11th ... ...
12th ... ...
13th
...
...
14th
...
...
15th ... ...
16th
...
...
17th ... ...
18th
...
...
19th
...
...
20th
...
...
21st
...
...
22nd ... ...
23rd
...
...
24th
...
...
25th
...
...
26th
...
...
27th
...
...
28th ... ...
Quantity
injected.
c.c.
100
100
...
100
35
50
...
50
50
...
50
50
50
50
50
...
...
50
50
50
50
...
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
Atoxyl sol.
2%
2%
(No injection)
2%
2%
2%
(No injection)
2%
2%
(No injection)
2%
4%
4%
4%
4%
(No injection)
(No injection)
4%
4%
4%
4%
(No injection)
8%
8%
8%
8%
8%
8%
8%
8%
How
injected.
Subcut.
„
...
Subcut.
Intrav.
„
...
Intrav.
„
...
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
...
...
Intrav.
„
„
„
...
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Trypanosoma
present or
absent.
Numerous.
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Present.
Numerous.
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
Treatment ceased. On November 1st the parasites again
appeared in large numbers in the blood. On the 4th another
intravenous injection of 50 c.c. of a 12 per cent. solution was
given and the trypanosoma disappeared on the following day
Surra.
11
and remained absent till the 12th. On 12th and 13th two
more injections were made of 50 c.c. of 8 per cent. solution,
but a few days after the parasites appeared, and as the pony
was losing all the improvement which he showed under the
early treatment, he was destroyed.
A rabbit inoculated intraperitoneally with 5 c.c. of blood
from this pony on October 17th, showed parasites in the
blood four days after inoculation.
ATOXYL AND MERCURY.
Pony 249.—Height about 13-2 hands, body-weight 564
lbs. Surra diagnosed September 17th. Treatment com-
menced September 25th.
Quantity of Hg. cl 2 given.
c.c.
200 Hg. cl 2
190 Hg. cl 2
gms.
(1—1,000) =
( „ ) =
0.2 gms. Subcut.
0.19 gms. Intrav.
= 0.39 gms. subcut.
and intrav.
Quantity of Atoxyl given.
c.c.
100 Atoxyl
200 „
250
„
2%
4%
8%
intrav.
„
„
gms.
2
8
20
= 30 gms. of Atoxyl intrav.
(All solutions given intravenously were filtered and heated
to blood heat before injection.)
Injections.
Date.
September
„
„
„
„
„
October
„
„
„
25th ... ...
26th ... ...
27th ... ...
28th ... ...
29th ... ...
30th ... ...
1st ... ...
2nd ... ...
3rd ... ...
4th ... ...
Quantity
injected.
c.c.
50
50
100
20
...
35
35
50
...
50
Hg. cl 2 sol.
(1—1,000)
(1—1,000)
(1—1,000)
(1—1,000)
(No injection)
(1—1,000)
(1—1,000)
(1—1,000)
(No injection)
(1—1,000)
How
injected.
Subcut.
„
„
Intrav.
... Intrav.
„
„
...
Intrav.
Trypanosoma
present or
absent.
Absent.
„
„
Present.
Numerous.
„
Very numer-
ous.
Absent.
„
„
As the pony was losing condition, becoming weak and
emaciated, the mercury treatment was changed for atoxyl.
12
Surra.
Date.
October 6th ... ...
„ 7th ... ...
„ 8th ... ...
„ 9th ... ...
„ 10th ... ...
„ 11th ... ...
„
12th ... ...
„
13th ... ...
„
14th ... ...
„
15th to 20th ...
„
21st
...
...
„
22nd
...
...
„
23rd ... ...
„
24th
... ...
Quantity
injected.
c.c.
50
50
50
50
50
50
...
50
...
50
50
50
50
Atoxyl sol.
2%
2%
4%
4%
4%
4%
...
8%
...
8%
(No injection)
8%
(No injection)
How
injected.
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
...
Intrav.
...
Intrav.
„
„
„
Trypanosoma
present or
absent.
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
October 25th to November 25th no injections. Pony
improved in condition and no trypanosoma present in blood.
November 26th. Trypanosoma reappeared. The pony
began slowly to disimprove. The disease continued. The
trypanosoma rarely being absent from blood till January
12th, 1908, when the animal was destroyed.
On the 18th October, 1907, a guniea-pig was inoculated
intraperitoneally with 5 c.c. blood direct, but did not contract
the disease.
Pony 253.—Height about 11 hands, body-weight 292 lbs.
This pony was inoculated with Surra on October 17th.
The trypanosomes appeared in the blood on the 26th.
Treatment was not commenced till November 12th.
In this case the atoxyl was administered whenever the
parasites appeared in the blood, and whenever the animal
showed lowering from the mercury treatment.
Quantity given.
150 c c. of a 4% Soln. of Atoxyl, intrav.
...
6 gms. of Atoxyl intrav.
195 c.c of a (1-1,000) sol. Hg. cl 2
„
... 0.185 „ of Hg cl 2 „
(Solutions were filtered and heated to blood heat before
injection.)
Surra.
13
Injections.
Date.
November 12th ... ...
„ 13th
...
...
„ 14th
...
...
„ 15th
...
..
„ 16th
...
...
„ 17th ... ...
„ 18th
...
...
„ 19th
...
...
„ 20th
...
...
„ 21st
...
...
„ 22nd ... ...
„ 23rd
...
...
„ 24th
...
...
„ 25th
...
...
„ 26th
...
...
„ 27th
...
...
„ 28th
...
...
„ 29th ...
„ 30th
...
...
December 1st ... ...
„ 2nd
...
...
„ 3rd
...
...
„ 4th
...
...
„ 5th ... ...
„ 6th
...
...
„ 7th ... ...
„ 8th
...
...
„ 9th
...
...
„ 10th ... ...
„ 11th
...
...
Quantity
injected.
c.c.
25
25
5
25
10
...
25
25
10
10
10
10
...
10
10
10
10
10
10
..
10
10
10
25
10
10
...
10
10
10
Atoxyl or Hg.
Cl 2 sol.
Atoxyl 4% sol.
„
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
Atoxyl 4% sol.
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
(No injection)
Atoxyl 4% sol.
„
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
„
„
„
(No injection)
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
„
„
„
„
„
(No injection)
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
„
„
Atoxyl 4% sol.
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
„
(No injection)
Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000)
„
„
How
injected.
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
..
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
...
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
..
Intrav.
„
„
„
„
„
...
Intrav.
„
„
Trypanosoma
present or
absent.
Present.
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Present.
„
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Present.
Absent.
„
„
„
„
„
On the 12th, the trypanosomes reappeared in the blood,
and as the animal was becoming weak and emaciated, the
treatment was discontinued.
Pony 242.—Was treated with mercury and atoxyl.
Quantity received.
200 c.c of Hg. cl 2 (1-1,000) subcut.
180 c.c.
„
intrav.
70 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl „
... 0.2 gms. of Hg. cl 2 subcut.
... 1.18 „
„
intrav.
... 2.8
„ 4 % Atoxyl „
(All solutions heated to blood heat and filtered before
injection.)
The result was the same as in the case of pony 253.
TARTAR EMETIC.
The use of this drug was suggested by Mr. Cross who
carried out the treatment of all the Surra cases.
Pony 248.—Height about 14 hands, body-weight 630 lbs.
Treatment was commenced on October 24th.
October 24th—Injected 100 c.c. of 1% solution tartar
emetic. Trypanosoma present.
14
Surra.
This injection produced great distress. The animal lay
down and breathing was difficult. The following injections
were not attended with any sign of inconvenience :—
Date.
October 24th to November 1st
November 2nd ... ...
„ 3rd ... ...
„ 4th ... ...
„ 5th to 14th ...
„ 15th ... ...
„
19th ...
...
Quantity in-
jected c.c.
...
...
70
100
...
Tartar Emetic
sol.
(No injection)
...
1%
1%
(No. injection)
(Parasites reappeared and
numerous on the 19th)
50
1%
How
injected.
...
...
...
...
were very
...
...
Trypanosoma
present or
absent.
Absent.
Present.
„
„
Absent.
...
...
The injections of tartar emetic were continued at the
same dose at intervals till December 12th, until in all 9.2
gms. of tartar emetic had been given intravenously and then
discontinued. The pony improved in condition and the
trypanosoma did not appear in the blood for three weeks after
the treatment was discontinued. On January 4th parasites
again appeared in the bood and the pony was destroyed.
Pony 252—Was treated with atoxyl and tartar emetic
for a period of 6 weeks, receiving—
200
620
525
c.c.
„
„
4% Atoxyl intrav. = 8 gms.
1% sol.
2% sol.
Tartar Emetic intrav. = 6.2 gms.
„
„
= 10.5 gms.
This pony showed great improvement and the trypanoso-
ma were absent from the blood during the period of treat-
ment. A month after the treatment was discontinued the
parasite reappeared and the animal rapidly grew worse.
Several experimentally inoculated ponies were treated
with other drugs, alone and in combination, such as tartar
emetic and mercury, mercury and methylene blue, methylene
blue and atoxyl, iodoform alone, and mercury alone.
In all cases the injections were given intravenously and
the treatment was continued for about two months. In every
instance, under the early treatment the animal improved in
condition and the trypanosomes disappeared from the blood,
but invariably either towards the latter period of treatment
or some weeks after the injections had been discontinued, the
parasites reappeared and the disease gained the ascendency.
The use of mercury intravenously seemed to have no beneficial
Surra.
15
effect. When used alone, it lowered the condition of. the
animal and hastened a fatal issue. When tried in combina-
tion with other drugs such as atoxyl, tartar emetic and
methylene blue, it evidently counteracted to an extent the
beneficial effect of these drugs.
FLIES CLASSIFIED BY DR. AUSTEN.
Stomoxys calcitrans
„
Sp. probably new.
Hippobosca maculata
„
francilloni.
Tabanus consocius
„
hirtus,
Pangonia longirostris.
Musca domestica
„
Sp. closely allied to Musca corvina
Lyperosia minuta.
Sarcophaga,
Rhyphus, Sp. probably new.
Calliphora erythrocephala.
„
Sp new
Phlebotomus Sp new.
(ii) TREATMENT OF SURRA BY ATOXYL AND
ORPIMENT.
IN the Annales de l'Institut Pasteur, No. 2, February
1908, MM. A. Laveran and A. Thiroux give an account of a
series of experiments conducted by them to test the value of
atoxyl, combined with various salts of mercury and arsenic in
the treatment of Trypanosomiasis. The results which they
obtained by the employment of atoxyl in subcutaneous in-
jections alternated with orpiment ingested in the form of
pillules are particularly striking. Five guinea-pigs treated by
this method recovered from experimental inoculation of Surra.
The success of this treatment and the fact that it is of practical
application induced us to repeat the experiments and to apply
the method to larger animals infected with Surra. The ex-
periments were carried out by Mr. Cross, Assistant Bacterio-
logist, and myself and our results entirely confirm those of
MM. Laveran and Thiroux.
PONY 256.
April 8th
„
13th
... Inoculated with Surra
... ...
...
Tryps. appeared in blood
Body weight
553 lbs.
553 „
16
Surra.
April 13th
„
15th
„
17th
„
10th
„
21st
„
23rd
„
25th
„
27th
„
29th
„
31st
May 13th
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl Tryps. absent.
... 0.5 gms of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c.c of 4% Atoxyl „ „
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl „ „
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c.c. of 4%
Atoxyl
„
„
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... ... „ reappeared
Body weight.
553 lbs.
553 „
553 „
553 „
553 „
545 „
545 „
545 „
556 „
554 „
...
This pony was very old (about 20 years) and in poor con-
dition. As this was the first of our animals treated with orpi-
ment, a very small dose of this drug was administered, and it
is probable that the quantity was not sufficient to exert a cura-
tive effect.
Pony 260 which was half the weight of this animal,
received the same amount of atoxyl and orpiment with good
result.
PONY 255.
March 30th
April 9th
„ 13th to
28th
May 1st
... Inoculated with Surra.
... ...
Tryps. appeared in blood.
Treated with Atoxyl
and Tartar Emetic.
... ...
Tryps. appeared.
This treatment was unsuccessful. The atoxyl and orp.
method commenced on 8th May.
May
8th
„
10th
„
11th
„
12th
„
14th
„
16th
„
18th
„
20th
„ 22nd
„
24th
June 21st
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl Tryps. absent.
... 0.5 gms. Orp.
„
present (few)
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
... 100 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
... 2 gms. of Orp.
„
absent.
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
... 2 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
.. 2 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 2 gms. of Orp.
„
„
...
...
„
reappeared
Body weight
in lbs.
615
620
620
620
620
630
630
638
638
640
...
This pony was old and in poor condition. He had been
previously treated with atoxyl and tartar emetic without suc-
cess, and at the time the atoxyl and orpiment treatment was
commenced he was in a very advanced stage of Surra.
Surra.
17
In the following ten cases, 3 rabbits, 5 guinea-pigs and 2
ponies, the result of the treatment has been most successful.
With the exception of Pony No. 260, the cases have been under
observation for three months from the commencement of the
treatment, and during this time no trypanosomes have been
found in the blood which was carefully examined daily. All
the animals have improved in condition and appear in com-
plete health.
Guinea-pig No. 270 received one dose of atoxyl and one
dose of orpiment and a week after was inoculated with Surra.
The inoculation was without effect.
Pony No. 271 was inoculated with Surra and on the 6th
day the temperature rose to 39.5°C., and the treatment was
commenced before the trypanosomes were observed in blood.
The Surra used in the experiments was of a very virulent
strain and has infected a very large number of animals with-
out a single negative result.
The solutions of atoxyl were freshly prepared and given
subcutaneously. The orpiment was administered in bolus.
PONY 260.
June 25th
July
1st
„
1st
„
3rd
„
5th
„
7th
„
9th
„ 11th
„ 13th
„ 14th
„
16th
Aug. 31st
... Inoculated with Surra ... ...
... ... ... Tryps, appeared in blood.
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl ... ...
... 0.5 gms, of Orp.
„
absent.
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... 50 c c. of 4% Atoxyl
„
„
...
Do.
„
„
... 0.7 gms. of Orp.
„
„
... ... ... „ „
Body weight
in lbs.
... ...
254
254
240
240
238
247
236
236
237
242
268
This pony has been kept under observation for six
months and remains in good condition and no trypanosomes
have again appeared in the blood.
PONY 271.
May 13th
„
18th
... Inoculated with Surra
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
......
Tryps. absent.
Body weight
in lbs.
350
......
2
18
Surra.
May 20th
„
22nd
„
24th
„
26th
„
28th
„
30th
June
1st
„
3rd
„
5th
Aug.31st
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
... 50 c.c. of 4% Atoxyl
... 0.5 gms. of Orp.
... 50 c.c of 4% Atoxyl
... 0.5 gms. of Orp
... ... ...
Tryps.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Body weight
in lbs.
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
340
340
336
336
377
GUINEA-PIG NO. 235.
April 16th
May
1st
„
2nd
„
4th
„
6th
„
8th
„ 10th
„ 12th
„ 14th
„ 16th
„ 18th
„
20th
Aug. 31st
... Inoculated with Surra
... ...
... ... .. Tryps. appeared in blood
... 15 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms. of Orp.
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 13.5 mgms. of Orp.
1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
9 mgms. of Orp.
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms of Orp
1.5 c.c of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms. of Orp.
... ... ...
„
present.
„
absent.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Body weight
in grammes.
...
700
700
650
660
660
610
650
640
610
580
590
750
GUINEA-PIG NO. 263.
May 12th
„
23rd
„
23rd
„
25th
„
27th
„
29th
„ 31st
June 6th
Aug. 31st
... Inoculated with Surra ... ...
... .... Tryps. appeared in blood
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms. of Orp.
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms. of Orp.
... 1.5 c.c of 1% Atoxyl
... ... ..
.....
„
absent.
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
„ „
Body weight
in grammes.
...
360
360
340
360
370
370
340
680
This guinea-pig received only four doses of atoxyl and
two of orpiment. The treatment was discontinued, as the
animal was dull and off feed. The result has been equally
good as in the cases where the full treatment was given.
Surra.
19
GUINEA-PIG NO. 268.
May 17th
„
29th
„
29th
„
31st
June 2nd
„
4th
„
6th
„
8th
„ 10th
„ 12th
„ 14th
„ 16th
Aug. 31st
... Inoculated with Surra
.....
...
..
..
Tryps. appeared in blood.
... 1.5 c.c of 1% Atoxyl
9 mgms. of Orp.
„
... 1.5 c c. of 1% Atoxyl „
9 mgms. of Orp.
,
... l.5 c c. of 1% Atoxyl „
... 13.5 mgms. of Orp.
„
... 1.5 c c of 1% Atoxyl
„
. 13.5 mgms. of Orp.
„
... 1.5 c.c of 1% Atoxyl
„
... 13.5 mgms. of Orp.
„
... ... „
... ...
absent.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Body weight
in grammes.
...
600
600
600
580
550
550
540
580
600
600
620
820
GUINEA-PIG NO. 269.
May 17th
„
25th
„
25th
„
27th
„
29th
„
31st
June
2nd
„
4th
„
6th
Aug. 31st
... Inoculated with Surra ... ...
... ... Tryps. appeared in blood.
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
.. 9 mgms. of Orp
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms. of Orp.
... 1.5 c c. of 1% Atoxyl
... 9 mgms. of Orp.
... 1.5 c c. of 1% Atoxyl
... ...
...
„
absent
„ „
„
„
„
„
„ „
„ „
„ „
Body weight
in grammes.
...
400
400
400
380
370
360
340
320
720
This guinea-pig received only four doses of atoxyl and
three of orpiment. The treatment was stopped as he was
dull, not feeding well and losing weight.
GUINEA-PIG NO. 270.
May 18th
„
20th
„
27th
Aug. 31st
... 1.5 c.c. of 1% Atoxyl ...
... 9 mgms. of Orp. ...
... Inoculated with Surra. Tryps. absent in blood.
... ... „ „
Body weight
in grammes.
...
340
400
580
RABBIT NO. 425.
May 12th
„
22nd
„
23rd
„
24th
... Inoculated with Surra ..
... 3 c.c of 1% Atoxyl ...
... ... Tryps. appeared in blood
... 13.5 mgms. of Orp
„
absent.
Body weight
in grammes.
..
1,000
980
950