90
Date.
1891.
October 25 ...
„
26 ...
„
27 ...
„
28 ...
„
29 ...
„
30 ...
„
31 ...
Day of
Disease.
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Temperature °C.
A.M.
38.4
37.2
39.1
37.1
38.1
36.7
36.7
1 P.M.
40.3
39.2
38.6
37.5
38.4
37.8
38.8
5 P.M.
40.2
39.5
38.1
37.5
373
39.2
...
Pulse.
A.M.
50
48
44
40
42
46
50
P.M.
56
54
50
46
48
50
...
Respiration.
A.M.
12
12
12
10
12
12
14.
P.M.
36
12
10
12
14
16
...
Hæmatozoa
in Blood.
Swarming
Very
numerous .
Absent ...
„ ...
„
Very
numerous.
Do.
...
REMARKS.
26th.— Swelling and œdema of
fore feet and legs, and ecchy-
moses of right conjunctiva.
27th.—All the limbs are swol-
len and œdematous, and there
are ecchymoses on both con-
junctivæ.
28th.—Thevisible mucous mem-
branes are tinged yellow.
31st.—At 2-30 P.M. the animal
fell dead suddenly.
Autopsy.—4 P.M., 31st October 1891.
Body fairly nourished ; slight œdema of the hind limbs.
Thorax.—The pleural cavities are free from fluid and also from adhesions of the parietal and visceral pleuræ.
Lungs.—Are the seat of localized emphysema at their apices. Dotted over the superior surfaces of the organs are
irregular shaped extravasations of blood, differing in size, lying under the visceral pleuræ ; these are especially numer-
ous in the anterior half of the organs. One small raised lump is situated on the superior border of the left lung, and
is about the size of a marble, dark-purple in colour, and on section circumscribed. On section, the lungs are found to
be full of blood, which readily escapes from the cut surfaces. Tissues healthy.
The pericardium contains a few ounces of a blood-stained fluid.
Heart.—Weighs 6 lbs. 6 ozs. Externally, there is a considerable amount of orange-coloured exudation round the
base of the organ, and surrounding the large vessels, as well on the anterior surface accompanying the coronary vessels.
This jelly-like exudation and muscular structure at the base are dotted over here and there with petechiæ ; whilst on
either side of the inter-ventricular groove, there are extensive extravasations of blood lying under the visceral pericar-
dium.
Internally.—Right Auricle contains fluid-blood. No extravasations.
Right Ventricle.—Few small sub-endocardial extravasations.
Left Auricle.—A few very small extravasations.
Left Ventricle.—Almost devoid of blood; numerous but small sub-endocardial extravasations. Valves and tissues
stained a light yellow colour.
Liver.—Weighs 13 lbs. 14½ ozs. There are signs of old perihepatitis, and two large, somewhat circular shaped
masses, 3" in diameter, of orange-coloured jelly, on the surface of the organ, about 1/8th inch in thickness. There are very
numerous yellow coloured, hard concretions scattered over the entire surface of the organ, as well as in the tissues.
These circular concretions are easily enucleable. The substance of the organ is of a dark chocolate colour, and contains
much blood.
Spleen.—Weighs 5 lbs. 9 ozs., and is dotted over the surface of the capsule with irregular shaped petechiæ. On
section, tissues are firm and healthy.
Kidneys.—Right weighs 1 lb. 6 ozs., Left 1 lb. 10½ ozs. These organs are surrounded in situ by orange-coloured
exudation, which also enters into the hilum of the organs, together with the vessels and ureters. The capsules strip
easily, and present a mottled appearance of the cortical substance, but no petechiæ are observed. On section, the cut
surfaces look pale but healthy.
Stomach.—Normal externally. On section, the cuticular portion is normal. The mucous membrane of the villous
portion is corrugated. There is no ulceration.
Small Intestines.—The mucous membrane is covered with a layer of very tenacious slimy mucus, and here and
there from the pyloric end of the stomach to the cæcum, isolated patches of congestion are visible, but no trace of ulcera-
tion. A few round worms (Ascaris megalocephala) were found in the small intestine.
Large Intestine and Rectum.—Healthy.
Brain.—The membranes present a healthy appearance. The convolutions of the hemispheres are somewhat
flattened, owing to the presence of several ounces of fluid in the lateral ventricles. On section, the tissues appear
normal in character.
The points of interest in this case are :—
(i) The transmissibility of the disease from rat to the horse, and then to a second horse.
(ii) The long incubative period lasting 16 days.
(iii) The acuteness of the attack, and the rapidity with which death occurred.
(iv) The pathological changes in the heart found at the post-mortem.
HORSE No. LXVII.
Subcutaneous inoculation with the soiled blood of rat, previously passed through one horse. Maximum local
manifestations at seat of inoculation on the 8th day. Appearance of the hæmatozoon after a latent period of 9 days, or