NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
116
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE No. I.
No. IV.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Colourless and clear.
Colourless and clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids ..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000 • •
38.600
41.000
Temporary hardness
.
..
..
Do.
..
16.000
17.000
1.000
1.000
Permanent hardness
• •
..
• .
Do.
..
Total hardness
..
..
..
..
Do.
..
17.000
18.000
Chlorine
..
..
..
..
..
Do.
3.195
3.195
0.003
0.004
Ammoniacal nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
..
0.003
Albuminoid nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
..
0.004
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's Process)
..
Do.
..
0.034
0.020
Nitric nitrogen
..
• •
• •
..
Do.
..
0.150
0.175
QUALITATIVE.
Nil.
Nil.
Nitrites
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
.. .. .. ..
Present.
Present,
Phosphates
• •
..
..
• •
• .
• •
• •
• 0
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, Poisonous metals ..
..
..•
•
• •
• •
• •
Nil.
Nil.
REPORT.
There has been a slight change in the method of analysis since the last examination which
tends to give a higher reading. Consequently though the waters themselves are not very
different the results look somewhat worse.
In the sample from suction well fœcal bacilli are present in 1 cc. The organisms present
are not objectionable.
The two samples from the service reservoir and from the distributary system show the
water to be of the same quality as the above. No vibrios are present.
Chemically the water is a fair, and might be almost called a good water. There is a great
falling off in the amount of nitric nitrogen present, probably due to better conserving of the
river bed immediately above the gallery.
117
VELLORE.
SAMPLES TAKEN—6TH JULY 1909.
R E M a r k s . — T h e r e h a s b e e n 1 6 . 3 8 i n c h e s o f r a i n s i n c e l a s t r e p o r t .
Bacteriological Analyses.
SIMPLE I.—.FROM TANK OR RESERVOIR—UNFILTERED WATER.
C o l o n y n u m b e r .
G l u c o s e .
L a c t o s e . Saccharose.
D u l c i t e .
Adonite.
I n u l i n .
V o g e s a n d p r o s k .
I n d o l .
M o t i l i t y .
Group.
Bacillus,
Groups and
Remarks.
(a)
Total colonies on agar at 37°-3,780.
( b) Bile salt glucose, medium.
+
-
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken
.. ..
1
..
1
+
+ +
+ + — ——
-
- III B. Pneumonise ..
Group
I, nil.
" ..
..
2
..
2 ++
+ + - + - + - - IV B. Lactis ærogenes.
„
II , nil.
2 tubes 10 cc.
"
..
.
4
..
3 ++ + + - - - - - - IV
....
„
III, 5.
4
" „
5 cc.
"
..
. .
5
..
4
+
+ +
+ ++++- +
-
- III 67
..
..
„
IV, 5.
5
1 cc.
„
5
5 + + + - + - + - - IV B. Lactis ærogenes.
5
.1cc.
"
..
. .
...
"
. .
. .
. .
3
2
6
+
+++ +
- + - +
-
- IV
Do.
5
„" .01 cc.
7
+
+ +
+ ++ - +
-
- IlI 67.
_
8
+
+ +
+
+++++ - +
-
- III 67.
c) Glucose fermenters in .01 cc. and upwards.
9
+ ++
+
+ + - +
-
- III 67.
1 0 + + +
+
+
- +
- - IV B. Lactis ærogenes.
4 (d) No vibrios in 2 cc. or 100 cc.
SAMPLE II—FIRST TAP AFTER FILTRATION.
(a) Total colonies on agar at 37°—2,520.
1 +
+
+
- - - +
-
- IV
. . . .
Group
I, nil.
2
+
++ + - - - + - - IV
. . . .
" II, nil.
(b) Bile salt glucose, medium.
3
+
+ +
- - - + -
IV
. . . .
"
I I I , nil.
+
-
4 + + + - - - +
-
- IV
. . . .
" IV, 10.
5
+
+ +
- - - +
-
- IV
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken
..
..
1
..
6 +
+
++
- - - +
-
- IV
2
..
7
+
+ +
- - - +
-
- IV
2 tubes 10 cc.
4
..
8
+
+ +
- - - +
-
- IV
4
„
5 cc.
"
..
9
+
+
++ - - - + - - IV
5
5
1 cc.
"
..
..
"
.. . .
5
10
+
+ +
- - - +
-
- IV
5
.1 ccc.
..
"
"..
..
..
5
5
" .01 cc.
(c) Glucose fermenters in 1 cc. and upwards.
(d) No vibrios in 2 cc. or 100 cc.
SAMPLE III.— A TAP AT SAIDAPET— THE EASTERNMOST CORNER.
( (a) Total colonies on agar at 37°-Countless.
(b)Bile salt glucose, medium.
+
-
No fermentation of lactose in 20 cc. of sample water inoculated four days
after the receipt of sample.
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken
..
..
1
..
2 tubes 10 cc.
"
.
.
..
2
. .
4
„
5 cc.
..
"
..
..
4
..
5
„
1 ce.
"..
..
5
..
5
„
.1 cc.
"
.
.
..
. .
5
5
.0 cc.
"
.
.
5
. .
„
(c )
G l u c o s e f e r m e n t e r s i n 1
c c . a n d u p w a r d s .
(d) No vibrios in 2 cc. or 100 cc.
SAMPLE IV.—A
TAP NEAR THE VELLORE CANTONMENT RAILWAY
STATION COMPOUND— WESTERNMOST CORNER.
1
+
+
+
-
-I- - - + + IV 106
..
..
..
Group
I, nil.
(a) Total colonies on agar at 37°—One colony occupying
whole plate.
2
+
+1,-1- +
- -_1_ - -
+
++' IV 106
.. .. ..
"
II, nil.
3
+
+++ +
-
-;- - - + - IV B. Coscoroba
..
" III, nil.
(b) Bile salt glucose, medium.
_
4
+ ++ +
- - - -
+ + IV 106
..
..
..
„
IV. 10.
+
-
5
+
++ +
- - - +
+
+ IV
6
+
+
++++
- - - +
+
+ IV
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken
. . .
1
..
7 + + +
-
-,- - - + - IV B. Coscoroba.
2 tubes
2
..
8
+ +
+
- - - +
+
+ IV
10 cc.
"
..
.
4
4
....
9
+
+++
+
-
-I- - - +
- IV B. Coscoroba.
„
5 cc.
" ..
..
5
5
..
10
+
++14- +
- - - - + -i IV
Do.
1 cc.
"
"
..
5
.1 cc.
5
..
"
"
. . .
5
.01 cc.
..
5
„
"
.. ..
( c)Glucose fermenters in .1 cc. and upwards
I
(d) No vibrios in 2 cc. or 100 cc.
30
1.18
Chemical Analyses
SAMPLE No. I.
N o. III.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Yellowish and hazy.
Slightly yellowish but
clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
23.000
22.600
Total solids ..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000 ..
12.000
12.000
Temporary hardness
..
• •
• •
Do.
• •
1.000
1.000
Permanent hardness
..
..
..
Do.
..
Total hardness
..
.. .. ..
Do.
..
13.000
13.000
1.065
1.065
Chlorine
..
..
..
..
..
Do.
..
Trace.
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
..
0.004
0.018
0.007
Albuminoid Nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
..
0.088
0.054
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's Process)
..
Do.
• •
Trace.
0.025
Nitric Nitrogen
..
..
..
..
Do.
..
QUALITATIVE.
Nil.
Nitrites
..
..
..
..
..
•
..
..
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
.. ..
..
Present.
Present.
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
REPORT.
The sample from the lake shows fœcal organisms present in . 01 cc. and those that are
present show a considerable amount of settlement and purification has gone on.
The sample after filtration shows considerable improvement.
The samples taken from the distributary system give much the same result as that shown
by the last analysis.
Chemically the water in the lake shows a certain amount of pollution. The filtered water
is of a fair quality.
SAMPLE No. I.
N o. IV.
122
Chemical Analyses.
Physical
a pp e arances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Brownish and opaque.
Slightly yellowish and
hazy.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
'Total solids
..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000.
34.200
15.400
Temporary hardness ..
..
..
..
Do.
1.000
6.000
Permanent hardness ..
..
..
Do.
2.500
2.000
Total hardness
..
..
..
..
Do.
3.500
8.000
Chlorine
..
..
..
..
..
D o .
0 . 7 1 0
1.065
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
D o .
0.002
Trace.
Albuminoid Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
0.023
0 . 0 0 3
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy's Process) ..
..
D o . .
0.252
0.019
Nitric Nitrogen
..
..
..
..
Do.
Nil.
Nil.
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Trace.
Trace.
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
N i l
.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous ma terials
..
• •
• •
. •
• •
• •
Nil.
Nil.
REPOR T.
Thes ample from the river water is highly contaminated containing fœcal organisms in
.01 cc. The organisms present however show that the water has undergone some sunning.
In the sample after filtration there is considerable improvement. Fœcal bacilli are present
in 5 cc. The organisms present are not objectionable in themselves.
The two samples taken from the distributary system appear to be about of the same quality.
Chemically the river water shows considerable pollution. The filtered water however shows
a very great improvement and would be classed as good water.
SAMPLE No. I.
No. IV
120
Chemical Analyses.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Brownish and opaque.
Slightly yellowish and
hazy.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids ..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000 ..
18.400
9.600
Temporary hardness
..
..
..
Do...
1 . 5 0 0
1.500
Permanent hardness.
..
Do..
2.000
2.500
Do.. .
3 . 5 0 0
4.000
Total hardness
..
• •
• •
Chlorine
..
..
..
..
..
Do.
0.710
0.710
Ammoniacal nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
0.002
0.002
• •
.
Albuminoid nitrogen•
• •
Do.
•
0.013
Trace.
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy's _Process) ..
..
Do.
..
0.136
0.020
Do.
Nil.
Nil.
Nitric nitrogen
..
..
..
..
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites..
N i l .
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Trace.
Trace.
Phosphates..••
..
..
,..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
• •
• •
• •
• •
Nil.
Nil.
REPORT.
The sample from the river bed shows fœcal organisms in .1 cc. The pollution appears to be
of fairly recent date.
The sample taken immediately after filtration shows considerable improvement, fœcal
bacilli being present in .5 cc. The organisms are not objectionable in themselves.
The samples taken from the distributary system are of much the same quality.
Chemically the water from the river shows a fair amount of pollution which may be of
vegetable origin. The water from the infiltration gallery is of very good quality.
SAMPLE No. I.
SAMPLE No. IV,
124
Chemical Analyses.
Physical
appearnces.
Colour and.
Transparency.
Brownish and opaque.
Slightly yellowish
bu t clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
UANTITATIVE.
Total solids
.. ...
..
Parts per 100,000.
34.400
20.000
Temporary hardness
..
..
..
.Do.
7.000
8.000
Permanent hardness
.
..
Do..
2.000
2.000
Total hardness ..
. . ..
Do.
9.000
10.000
Chlorine ..
.. .
..
..
..
Do.
1.775
2-840
Ammoniacal Nitrogen .
• •
..
• .
Do.
0.003
0.002
Albuminoid Nitrogen
..
..
..
..
Do.
0.022
0.003
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy' s Process) ..
Do.
0.231
0.041
Do.
Trace.
Trace.
Nitric Nitrogen ..
..
• •
..
QUALITATVE.
Nitrites ..
..
..
.....
..
...
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates ..
....
..
..
..
Present.
Present.
Phosphates
..
..
• .
..
..
..
..
.
Nil,
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ... ..
...
..
Nil.
Nil
REPORT.
The river water is of fair quality. Fœcal organisms are present in 1 cc. and upwards, but
the species represented are unobjectionable and show that water has been exposed to the action
of sunlight.
The filtered water taken close to the pumping station and from the distributary system
shows marked improvement.
Chemically the water is fair and is improved by filtration in spite of a slight increase in
the temporary hardness and salinity.
SAMPLE No. II.
SAMPLE No. IIU .
126
Chemical Analyses.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Colourless and
clear.
Colourless and clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
..
..
..
..
Parts per 100, 000.
43.400
47.400
Temporary hardness ..
..
..
Do.
22.500
26.500
Permanent hardness ..
..
..
Do.
2.500
2.500
Total hardness ..
..
..
..
Do.
25.000
29.000
Chlorine
..
..
..
...
...
Do.
3.550
2 . 6 6 2
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
0.004
Trace.
Albuminoid Nitrogen
..
..
..
Do.
0.003
0.002
Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy's Process ) ..
..
Do.
0 . 0 0 7
0.007
Nitric Nitrogen
..
..
..
.
Do.
0 . 0 3 7
0.225
QUALITATIVE.
Ni trites
..
..
..
...
...
. . .. .. ..
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Present.
Present.
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
SAMPLE No. IV.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Colourless and Clear.
Smell.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
... ...
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000.
45.400
Temporary hardness ..
..
..
Do.
27.500
Permanent hardness
Do.
2.500
Total hardness..
..
..
..
..
Do..
30.000
Chlorine
..
..
..
..
..
Do.
2.662
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ..
.....
...
Do.
0.004
Albuminoid. Nitrogen ..,
..
..
..
Do.
0.002
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's Process)
..
..
Do
0.004
Nitric Nitrogen
.. ..
..
..
Do.
0.275
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites
..
..
. • • • .. .. .. ..
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
•
Present.
Phosphates
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
REPORT.
The water from the infiltration gallery shows a large amount of pollution. Fœcal bacilli
are present in .01 cc. The pollution however is not of very recent date as all the organisms in
Class I, which are very susceptible to the action of sunlight, have disappeared. Although the
organisms in the water are not in themselves objectionable, there are too many varieties present.
The deep well water is much better both as regards the total count and the number of
fœcal bacilli present. These latter are present in 1 cc. and upwards. They all belong to Class
II, but there are too many varieties for the water to be considered in a satisfactory condition.
Of the samples taken from the distributory system No. III shows slight and No. IV
marked improvement.
Chemically the water is too hard ; but as nine-tenths of the hardness is temporary and can
e removed by boiling, it is not very objectionable : otherwise the water is excellent.
CUDDAPAH.
SAMPLES TAKEN—27TH JULY 1909.
REMARKS.—There has been 7.30 inches of rain since last report. Bagga spring adjoining the head water-works is dry.
Bacteriological Analyses.
SAMPLE I.—SUCTION WELL OF THE INFILTRATION GALLERY.
C o l o n y N .
L a c t o s e .
S a c c h a r o s e .
D u l c i t e .
A d o n i t e .
I n u l i n .
V o g e s a n d P r o s k .
I n d o l .
M o t i l i t y .
Group.
Bacillus.
Group and
Remarks.
(a ) Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—3,150.
(b ) Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
-
1 + + - - - +
IV
Group I, 8.
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken
. .
1
. .
2 + - - - - - + – IV B. Vesiculosus
..
" II, nil.
2
tubes
1 0 c c .
"
.. ..
2
. . 3 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
"III, nil.
3 "
5 c c .
"
.. ..
3
. .
4 + - - -
- + - I
Do.
.. „" IV, 2.
3 „"
1 c c .
," .. . . ,
3
. . 5 + -
- - - + - I
Do.
..
3 „"
. 1 c c .
" .. ..
1
2 6 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
.. Class I, nil.
3 " . 0 1 c c .
" .. ..
. .
3 7 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
" „
II, 1.
8 + + - - + - - + - IV
101
..
"
III, 8.
9 + - - - - - + - I B. Vesiculosus
.. Doubtful, 1.
10 + - - - - - - - I B. Mutabilis
. .
( c) Fœcal bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
(d) No vibrios present in 100 cc.
(e) Glucose fermenters in .01 cc. and upwards.
SAMPLE II.—FROM A TAP IN YERRAMUKKUPALLI SOUTHERN
CORNER.
1
+ - - - - - + + - I B. Vesiculosus
. . Group I, 10.
2 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
" II, nil.
3 + - - -
- + - I
Do.
. . " III, nil.
(a) Total colonies per cc. agar at 37°.—87.
4 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
. .
" IV, nil.
5 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
6 + - - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
(b) Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
-
7 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
.. Class I, nil.
8 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
" II, nil.
9 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
" III, 10.
10 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
. .
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken ..
..
1
. .
2 tubes 10 cc.
"
. .
. . 2
. .
3 " 5 cc.
"
..
..
2
1
3 " 1 cc.
"
..
..
. .
3
3 " .1 cc.
"
..
.. ..
3
3 "
. 0 1 c c .
"
..
.. ..
3
(c) Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
(d) No vibrios present in 100 cc.
(e) Glucose fermenters in 1 cc. and upwards.
-
SAMPLE III.—A TAP IN THE NORTHERN CORNER IN GEDDY BAZAAR
ROAD.
1 + + - - - - + - IV B. Coscoroba
.. Group I, 2.
(a ) Total colonies per cc. on agar at 37°—320.
2 + + - - - - + - IV
Do.
..
" II, nil.
3 + + + + - + + - I I I
. . . .
" III, 3.
4 + + + + - + + - III
. . . .
" IV, 5.
( b) Bile salt lactose, medium.
+
-
5 + + - - - + +
- IV
....
6 + + - + - + + - IV
. . . .
7 + + + - - - + - III B. Neapolitanus . . Class I nil.
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken..
..
8 + - - - - - - + - I B. Vesiculosus
..
" II, 3.
1
. . 9 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
. .
" III, 2.
2 tubes 10 cc.
"
. .
. .
2
. .
1 0 + + - - - + + - IV
. . . .
Doubtful, 5.
3 " 5 c c .
"
. .
. .
3
. .
3 " 1 cc.
"
. .
. .
3
. .
3 " .1 cc.
"
. .
. .
1
2
3 "
. 0 1 c c .
"
..
..
. .
3
(a ) Fœcal bacilli in 1 cc. and upwards.
(d ) No vibrios present in 100 cc.
(e ) Glucose fermenters in .1 cc. and upwards.
128
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE No. I. SAMPLE No. III.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
White but clear.
White and hazy.
None.
Smell.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000.
10.200
12.200
Temporary hardness ..
..
..
..
Do.
4.500
4.000
Permanent hardness ..
..
..
..
Do.
1.500
1.500
Total hardness
..
..
..
..
Do.
6.000
5.500
Chlorine
..
..
..
..
..
Do.
1.065
1.065
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
0.004
0 . 0 0 4
Albuminoid Nitrogen ..
, .
..
..
Do.
0.005
0.006
'Oxygen absorbed ( Tidy's Process) ..
..
Do.
0.002
0.042
Nitric Nitrogen
..
..
..
..
Do.
0.025
0.025
-----
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites
..
..
..
..
..
Nil
Nil.
,Sulphates..
..
..
..
..
..
T r a c e .
T r a c e .
Phosphates
..
.. .. .. .. .. ..
Nil.
Nil.
Nil.
Nil.
"Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
REPORT.
The water drawn from the infiltration gallery contains far too many micro-organisms, over
.3,000 per cc. Fœcal organisms are low in number, 1 per cc., and the varieties present show that
much natural purification has gone on.
The results obtained from the samples drawn from the distributary system indicate a very
large reduction of the total microbes present. More especially in the case of sample No. 2 is
this improvement shown, and this water can be considered as a very fairly satisfactory one.
Chemically the water is good.
130
sAMPLE V.—A TAP IN WESTERN CORNER IN KILCHUPER ROAD .
C o l o n y n u m b e r . L a c t o s S a c c h a r o s e . D u l c i t e . A d o n i t e . I n u l i n . V o g e s a n d P r o s k . I n d o l . M o t i l i t y . G r o u p .
Bacillus.
Group and
r e m a r k s
(a) Total colonies per cc. on agar at 370 —
3,780.
-
(b) Bile salt laetose, medium.
1 tube 20 cc. of water taken
. .
1
..
1
+ - - - - - + – I B. Vesiculosus . . Group
--I, 1 0 .
2 tubes 10 cc.
"
. .
2
..
2 + - - - - - + — I
Do.
..
" II, nil,
3 „ 5 cc.
"
. .
2
1
3 + - - - - - + — I
Do.
..
„
I I I . nil.
3 „ 1 cc.
"
. .
..
3 4 + - - - -
+ - I
Do.
. .
" Iv, nil,
3 „ . 1 cc.
"
..
. .
3 5 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
. .
3 „ . 0 1 cc.
"
. .
..
3
6 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
.. Class I, nil.
7 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
..
" II, nil,
(c) Fœcal bacilli in 5 cc. and upwards.
8 + - - - - - + 4 + - I
Do.
.. „ 1III, 1 0 .
(e) No vibrios in 100 cc.
9 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
. .
(f) Glucose fermenters in .01 cc. and upwards.
10 + - - - - - + - I
Do.
.
131
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE NO. II.
SAMPLE No. V
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
Yellowish and opaque.
Yellowish and opaque
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
T o t a l s o l i d s
. .
.
.
..
Parts per 100,000 ..
4 5 . 6 0 0
4 8 . 6 0 0
Temporary hardness..
.. ..
D o .
. .
5.000
5.500
Permanent hardness
•
• .. ..
Do.
..
1.500
1.500
Total hardness
..
• .. .. ..
Do.
..
6.500
7.000
Chlorine .. .. .. .. .. ..
Do
..
1.420
1 . 4 2 0
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ..
..
Do.
..
0007
0.039
Albuminoid Nitrogen
..
..
..
Do
..
0 . 2 3 0
0.224
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's Process) ..
..
Do.
..
1.120
1.013
Nitric Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
.
Do.
..
Trace.
Trace.
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites .. . .
. .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Trace.
Trace.
Phosphates
..
.. ..
..
...
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
N i l .
Nil.
REPORT.
The high total count (9,100 per cc. ) indicates a far from satisfactory condition. Water
containing so many organisms per cc. cannot have been derived from a desirable gathering
ground even though only a small proportion, 10 per cc., appears to be of fœcal origin. That
natural purification has gone on is shown by the majority of the fœcal organisms belonging to
one class and to one variety.
The water from the tank shows a marked improvement though the total count is still much
too high. Fœcal organisms have been reduced fifty-fold and still remain of Class 2. The
greater number of species is probably due to dust-borne micro-organisms getting into the water.
Filtration while not altering the quantitative features of the analysis has produced a
marked change in them qualitatively. Practically all the organisms of Class 2 have been
removed, and they have been replaced by an equivalent number of Class 3. From this it may
be argued that the filters are efficient, but the post filtration passages and reservoir are
contaminated.
The samples IV and V taken from the distributary system show rather anomalous results.
Sample. V partakes very much of the nature of the filtered water, but contains fewer micro-
organisms to the cc. Deposition or pipe action will account for this. Sample IV, on the other
hand, is much more like the unfiltered water, and contains an increased number of fœcal
organisms. Any..possible local cause for this change should be looked into.
Chemically the high total solids taken together with the comparatively low amount of
saline constituents indicates the presence of a good deal of organic matter. This is borne out
by the relatively high figure for albuminoid ammonia, which latter however points to a
vegetable origin for the organic matter. This high amount of organic matter may serve to
explain the high total count of organisms. and the persistence of a few well-defined types.
Organisms having obtained access to the water, the more resistent ones find in it conditions
suitable for multiplication.
133
Chemical Analyses.
SAMPLE No. I.
SAMPLE No. IV.
Physical
appearances.
Colour and
Transparency.
White and hazy.
Colorless and. clear.
Smell.
None.
None.
QUANTITATIVE.
Total solids
..
..
..
..
.. Parts per 100,000.
29.800
22.800
Temporary hardness ..
..
..
..
Do.
9.500
8 . 5 0 0
Permanent hardness ..
..
..
..
Do.
0.500
0.500
Total hardness ..
..
..
Do.
1 0 . 0 0 0
9.000
Chlorine ..
..
. ..
Do.
4.260
2.840
Ammoniacal Nitrogen .. .. .. ..
Do.
0.012
0.004
Albuminoid Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
Do.
0.019
0.003
Oxygen absorbed (Tidy's Process) . .
Do.
0.124
0.008
Nitre Nitrogen ..
..
..
..
..
Do.
Trace.
Trace.
QUALITATIVE.
Nitrites ..
..
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Nil.
Nil.
Sulphates ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Present.
Present.
Phosphates .
. . .. .. .. .. . . . . . .
Nil.
Nil.
Iron, poisonous metals ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nil.
Nil.
RE PORT.
The very high total count of micro-organisms, amounting to 4,410 per cc., is an
unsatisfactory feature of the river water, and indicates that the gathering ground is not all that
could be desired. Only a very small proportion however are of animal origin and the varieties
present are unobjectionable in themselves, and show that a considerable amount of natural
purification has taken place.
Filtration has effected a considerable improvement and the fœcal organisms have been
reduced by a half.
The examination of the samples drawn from the distributary system reveals a bad state of
affairs. The total count of micro-organisms per cc. shows the huge number of 9,700, more than
six times the number present in the filtered water. This indicates that there must be a great
deal of organic silt in the pipes which forms a suitable forcing ground for microbes, and might
aggravate the state of affairs were specific pollution to gain access to the water. At present
the number of fœcal organisms in the water is fortunately very low.
From the chemical point of view the water is a good one.