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MAQSOOD
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GENERALIZED VACCINIA IN BUFFALOES
By M. MAQSOOD, Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, Punjab Veterinary College, Lahore
(Received for publication on 1 November 1943)
(With Plate XXI)
VACCINIA is a common, comparatively benign
contagious disease chiefly of milch cattle, the
lesions of which are mainly localized on the
teats and udder.
The disease more rarely
appears in a generalized form, when eruptions
also develop on other parts of the body, e.g.
medial aspect of the thighs, quarters, abdomen,
chest, neck, muzzle and around the nostrils.
From observations recorded by Sharma [1934],
it is evident that generalization of pox lesions
is comparatively more common in buffaloes
than in cows.
Two cases of generalized vaccinia in cows
have been recorded by Dupuis [1889], and one
case by Strebel [1892].
In these cases the
eruptions were present on the teats, udder,
inner side of the thighs, croup, rump, lower
abdomen, chest, neck and muzzle.
According
to Wallis Hoare [1913] rarely the pox lesions
may spread to other parts of the body such as
head, inner surface of thighs, neck, chest, etc.
Bidault [1927] says that the lesions of cow pox
are almost invariably localized on the teats and
udder and do not envolve the mucous mem-
branes. Blaxall [1930] also states that ge-
neralization of the eruptions is very rare and
when present they appear on the head, at the
base of the horns and on various parts of the
integument.
Gaiger [1932] states that the
lesions of vaccinia in cows are most frequently
found on the teats and udder, in calves on the
lips, muzzle and around the nostrils and in bulls
often on the scrotum and inside the thighs.
Sharma [1934] in India recorded an outbreak of
generalized vaccinia, involving 250 cattle (215
buffaloes and 35 cows), in which the eruptions
were mainly present on the teats, udder, medial
aspect of the thighs and vulva, and in some
cases on the quarters, lips and around the
nostrils.
Idnani [1943] states that in cattle
the lesions are mainly localised on the teats and
udder.
Studies of the available literature show that
there is no record, in cattle, of pox lesions occur-
ring over the entire body. In the present cases
the eruptions developed practically all over the
body, being visible on the udder and teats,
medial aspect of the thighs, quarters, croup,
rump, tail, abdomen, chest, fore-leg, neck, outer
surface of the ears, head, around the nostrils
etc.
CASE REPORTS
1. A black Murrah buffalo-cow age about
seven years, calved on 27 February, 1943.
The animal was examined on 3 May, 1943 in
the College Hospital to which it was admitted.
The history of the case, as narrated by the
owner, was that two days previously small
pimples were noticed on the hinder parts of the
animal, especially on the teats and udder, where
they were present in large number. As a result
she kicked badly during milking. Her milk
secretion had decreased and she was not feeding
or ruminating. There was no history of previous
disease. It was stated that another buffalo at
a neighbouring house was suffering from a
similar disease. The small pox hospital of the
Lahore Corporation is situated about half a
mile from these houses. On examination the
buffalo was found in good bodily condition but
was dull and depressed. The temperature was
104.0°F. and the conjunctivae were congested,
with watery discharge from both eyes. The
muzzle was dry and examination of the mouth
revealed nothing abnormal. The udder was hot