50 Use of Colour Fringes in Butyrorefractometer for detecting Adulteration in Ghee
TABLE II
Refractive indices and colour fringes of buffalo
ghee samples
Sample
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
Place of origin
Cuttack . .
Dohan . . .
Asigabad . .
Gulburga . .
Kaira . . .
Parbhani . .
Indore . . .
Anand . . .
Dargai . . .
Warangal . .
Parachinar . .
Gwalior . .
Trichur . .
Tricy . .
Nalgonda . .
Bider . . .
Salem . . .
Srinagar . .
Madura . .
Calicut . .
Dholka . .
Proddatur . .
Tanjore . .
Coimbatore . .
Chittor . .
Tanjore
.
.
Nizamabad . .
Jalagaon . .
Tanuku . .
Kumbakonam .
Calicut . .
Annur . . .
Kurnool . .
Vizagapatam. .
Madura . .
Tinnavelli . .
Coimbatore . .
Bikkanolu . .
Tenali . . .
Erodc . . .
Bezwada . .
Shiyall . .
Banda . . .
Refractive
index at
40° C.
44.1
45.0
45.0
42.9
42.8
43.7
44.3
42.5
41.9
42.8
39.0
44.0
41.7
43.4
42.5
42.8
43.7
44.6
41.4
42.5
42.2
43.7
43.6
43.0
43.4
42.5
42.6
42.4
43.5
42.4
44.5
42.4
43.1
42.1
44.1
44.1
42.1
44.2
435
44.9
43.4
44.8
40.2
Colour of the fringe
Violet
Violet
Violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Orange
Orange
Pink
Orange
Violet
Red
Pink
Pink
Pink
Red
Violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Pinkish violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Pink
Pink
Red
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Orange
TABLE III
Refractive indices and colour fringes of mixed
ghee
Sample
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
Place of origin
Hosur . . .
Hingoli . .
Porbandar . .
Lyallpur . .
Kosindra . .
Dacca . . .
Cuttack . .
Lyallpur . .
Gauhati . .
Kirkee . .
Allahabad . .
New Delhi . .
Dhaka (Akola) .
Khadki (Akola) .
Kanhari . .
Calcutta . .
Kaithal . .
Hoshangabad .
Shillong . .
Dhinoj . .
Balad . . .
Morenae . .
Bombay . .
Bombay . .
Jubbulpore . .
Jodhpur . .
Jodhpur . .
Jodhpur . .
Ajmer . . .
Bengar . .
Darbhanga . .
Darbhanga . .
Khagaria-Moghyr .
Barmer . .
Chota Barmer .
Barmer . .
Patiala . .
Patiala . .
Calcutta . .
Calcutta . .
Calcutta . .
Calcutta . .
Calcutta . .
Jodhpur . .
Kharegaon . .
Pandharpur . .
Medalar . .
Dohad . .
Jhansi . .
Banda . .
Refractive
index at
40° C.
44.1
44.2
45.5
42.1
45.7
43.4
44.4
42.2
44.3
42.6
42.5
42.5
43.1
44.2
44.4
43.4
44.2
42.9
46.2
43.0
43.9
42.6
42.2
42.7
41.8
43.5
43.4
43.2
43.7
43.7
42.7
43.0
41.8
43.2
42.4
41.8
43.3
43.3
43.0
43.0
42.6
43.0
42.6
43.7
40.3
43.2
43.6
45.3
40.5
41.5
Colour of the fringe
Diffused yellow/pink
Pinkish violet
Violet
Pink
Violet
Diffused yellow/pink
Violet
Pink
Violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Violet
Violet
Pink
Violet
Pink
Violet
Pink
Pinkish violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Pinkish violet
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Red
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pinkish violet
Orange
Pink
Pink changing to
violet
Violet
Red
Red
TABLE IV
Refractive indices and colour fringes of yellow
ghee samples
Sample
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Refractive Index at
40° C.
42.8
43.4
42.4
43.2
43.4
42.0
42.6
42.6
42.6
43.1
42.3
42.7
41.7
41.7
41.5
43.0
42.4
41.8
41.7
41.4
Colour of the
fringe
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Pink
Orange
Orange
Orange
Pink
Red
Red
Red
Red